The last of the universal. From MP5 to Spectrum
Submachine gun MP5, "Yati-Matik" and "Spectrum".
They became the further development of the line of this type of small weapons and the answer to the next challenges of their time.
Although polls of military personnel regarding the weapons they would like to fight with, were conducted at the end of the Second World War, the requirements for new pistol-machine guns were realized only at the beginning of the 60 of the XX century. Moreover, as already noted in the past material, a trend has arisen to create quite specialized systems of this type of weapon. However, originally, Uzi, and many other images of submachine guns of the post-war period, were born as ... some kind of "universal weapon", that is, the basic idea during their development was the same as in 20 and 30-s those. Designers sought to create a model "for all occasions." And then the same "Uzi" began to "grow smaller", appeared "Scorpion", then "Ingram", while other designers attended to either increasing armor penetration and increased ammunition of their own PP, or their convenience and accuracy of shooting, or tried to solve this problem in a complex .
Among the latter were engineers (Thilo Müller, Manfred Guchring, Georg Seidl, and Helmut Baureter) of the German company Heckler & Koch, which in 1963 took part in the tender of the Ministry of the Interior of Germany for the creation of a special submachine gun for arming the special units of the German police, which were still just being created. The weapon required high accuracy of fire, high rate of fire and small size. Already in 1964, the company created prototypes of a new submachine gun, which first received the NK54 index, where the number "5" denoted the type of weapon, and the number "4" - the ammunition used.
In 1966, the new submachine gun was successfully tested in parts of the Border Guard and German Police, received its current name and was adopted for service. The weapon has been constantly improved and continues to be improved at the present time, and is also being actively sold all over the world to everyone.
However, it is unlikely that the demand for it would have been so significant if it were not for the experience of practical application in a number of military clashes, which demonstrated its high efficiency. Thus, in 1972, the MR 5 was used against terrorists who seized a hotel with Israeli athletes during the Olympics in Munich. In 1977, the German special forces detachment, armed with the 5 MP, was engaged in the liberation of the hijacked Boeing 737 aircraft of the Lufthansa company. In 1980, the British special forces re-used this submachine gun already during the liberation of the Iranian embassy in London. In addition, the 5 MP has been actively used by various US intelligence agencies all this time, and in 1990-2000, it was used by the Pakistani army and police in the fight against the Taliban, both on its territory and in neighboring Afghanistan. All these examples of the combat use of the MR 5 were analyzed, its high combat characteristics were noted, which caused a high demand for it. Today, this submachine gun goes on sale in more than 100 variants, which certainly indicates its high efficiency and commercial popularity.
Immediately I must say that the submachine gun really turned out to be successful with its creators. Although it fires standard for most Western-made PP ammunition 9 × 19 mm Parabellum, the muzzle energy of its shot is equal to 650 J, which is higher by 20-30% compared to a number of its competitors. And this is not just interest. First of all, these are higher rates of damage to the enemy. Due to the use of new polymeric materials, the design turned out to be rather light, but durable. And being made on high-quality equipment, all of its parts in their totality work very well. The MP5 is compact, although purely visually it does not seem so small, rather the opposite. But this is the opinion of the fighters of special-purpose groups, who have to fight in the city blocks and residential premises with this particular submachine gun, and here its dimensions become a very important factor. If he were too bulky, no one would praise him!
The versatility of the additional equipment, which can be hung on the MP5, is noted. This is a large set of tactical flashlights, silencers, collimator and optical sights, which greatly expands the possibilities for the application of software MP5. Among its advantages include the phosphating of its metal surfaces, which allows its use in a variety of climatic conditions.
The high cost is, perhaps, the main disadvantage of this submachine gun, which was a consequence of all the above advantages. The fact is that the designers used in it a semi-free shutter with roller deceleration, which is already in itself and complicated, and ... expensive. Like the HK G3 automatic rifle bolt, it consists of two parts, with two cylindrical rollers in the front, which are moved apart to the rear of the bolt during its forward movement. That is, the shooting is carried out with the shutter closed, and the trigger on the MP5 is worth the hammer type, and all this is done on it in order to improve the accuracy of shooting, especially if it is fired by single shots. But still, such a design not only complicates the mechanism of this PP, but also significantly, at times, the cost of the weapon itself! In comparison with old models of submachine guns, its cost is several orders higher. And the reason is not only the high cost of modern construction materials needed for production, but also the high cost of labor in Germany, and, accordingly, expensive spare parts and consumables that are necessary for its normal operation. That is why army units, as a rule, do not equip these PPs. It would be very expensive for the military budget.
The purely operational notes on the MP5 are as follows: when fired, it throws up quite a bit, which reduces the accuracy of shooting. Any weapon with a roller shutter - and the MP5 is not an exception “does not like” pollution and requires regular cleaning and lubrication with “brand-name” oils. It’s not too easy to reload this submachine gun. To do this, you must first pull back the bolt, and insert the reload knob into the slide delay slot, and only then remove the empty magazine and insert a full one. But this is not all: now the shutter should be removed from the delay by pressing its handle. That is, collectively, this is somewhere 35-45 seconds. And all these "features" are peculiar not only to the MP5, but also to all types of weapons based on the G3 rifle. Nevertheless, professionals put up with all these shortcomings and ... choose MR5 to counter the terrorists.
Well, now we note that there were quite a few attempts to create a “modern” for that time submachine gun possessing high accuracy of shooting. XO NUMX 7 already had a piece of material on the Finnish machine gun “Yati-Matik”, created by the Finnish designer Yali Timari in 2014, and it described in detail how to achieve this goal he changed the entire layout of his weapon: put the bolt on it, sliding inside the bolt carrier at a slight angle, and the pistol grip raised to the level of the barrel. But despite all these tricks, he was not able to achieve any particular advantages over other PPs.
Submachine gun "Yati-Matik", with 1995 year - GG-95 (manufactured by "Golden Gan") with a shop on 40 cartridges. By the way, weapons are set on a platoon when the front handle is opened, which is another of its original features. First, it should be folded forward and then pulled back. So, from the habit, not knowing this "trick" from this submachine gun and you will not shoot! In addition, it is very inconvenient to shoot lying down with such a shop.
Perhaps the most worthy competitor among counterterrorist software for MP5 was Italian Spectrum М4 of SITES company in Turin (the material about it on VO was still 24 December 2011), and it could well be considered a very successful model “ universal submachine gun "for all occasions, and not just to fight terrorists.
Its creator, Roberto Teppa, pondered over the results of investigations of clashes of law enforcement forces with terrorists in the 70 years of the twentieth century and assessed their results. It turned out that the terrorists have an advantage, because the security forces have to remove their weapons from the fuse, then build and only then shoot. Meanwhile, as all this time, the “bad guys” are already firing. Realizing this, he conceived to create a submachine gun, capable of shooting just like revolvers - that is, from simply pressing the trigger, and in addition - to have a capacious but compact store.
And we managed to solve this problem. And their submachine gun turned out even cheaper than the Mr5! And its manufacturability is high: the receiver is stamped, the handles for holding are plastic. The stock is designed so that it folds up. At the same time whatever protrusions with which he can cling to the clothes are missing. Yes, and in size it is small, and therefore comfortable to wear hidden. The shutter is free, but the fire is fired when the shutter is closed, that is, the trigger mechanism is of a hammer type. And it is arranged in the same way as in revolvers with double-triggering trigger. This allows you to wear this PP with a cartridge in the chamber, but in the case of a sudden attack the shooter does not need to waste time sending the cartridge and cocking the weapon.
Sights are very simple and consist of a folding sight, on the 50 and 100 m with the whole U-shaped and front sight in the form of a simple rod.
Another feature of the "Spectrum" was the forced cooling of its trunk. The shutter on it is designed so that when moving back and forth, it drives the air through the casing of the barrel, which allows intensive fire without fear that it will overheat. His shop is also unusual: it is four-row and designed for 50 cartridges. At the same time, it is the same in length as the 30-cartridge from the MP5! By the way, the reloading handle is made in it in the form of two small key-grippers on both sides of the upper part of the receiver, that is, it can be used both on the left and on the right.
"Spectrum" turned out quite light (kg 2,8 without ammunition), having a high rate of fire (850 rds / min) and easy to use. In order to attract foreign customers, in addition to the standard sample for the “Parabellum” cartridge, modifications are also offered for the Smith and Wesson cartridges of 10,16-mm and 11,43-mm ACP.
That is, in the 70-80 of the last century, it was the submachine gun that became the main weapon for the fight against terrorists, especially in rather cramped conditions. Nevertheless, a number of samples of this type of weapon still carried in themselves features characteristic of a “universal” weapon, with a general increase in features characteristic of special-purpose weapons!
To be continued ...
They became the further development of the line of this type of small weapons and the answer to the next challenges of their time.
Better late than never!
Although polls of military personnel regarding the weapons they would like to fight with, were conducted at the end of the Second World War, the requirements for new pistol-machine guns were realized only at the beginning of the 60 of the XX century. Moreover, as already noted in the past material, a trend has arisen to create quite specialized systems of this type of weapon. However, originally, Uzi, and many other images of submachine guns of the post-war period, were born as ... some kind of "universal weapon", that is, the basic idea during their development was the same as in 20 and 30-s those. Designers sought to create a model "for all occasions." And then the same "Uzi" began to "grow smaller", appeared "Scorpion", then "Ingram", while other designers attended to either increasing armor penetration and increased ammunition of their own PP, or their convenience and accuracy of shooting, or tried to solve this problem in a complex .
MP5 in service with the special forces of South Korea.
Mr5: technically difficult but reliable
Among the latter were engineers (Thilo Müller, Manfred Guchring, Georg Seidl, and Helmut Baureter) of the German company Heckler & Koch, which in 1963 took part in the tender of the Ministry of the Interior of Germany for the creation of a special submachine gun for arming the special units of the German police, which were still just being created. The weapon required high accuracy of fire, high rate of fire and small size. Already in 1964, the company created prototypes of a new submachine gun, which first received the NK54 index, where the number "5" denoted the type of weapon, and the number "4" - the ammunition used.
In 1966, the new submachine gun was successfully tested in parts of the Border Guard and German Police, received its current name and was adopted for service. The weapon has been constantly improved and continues to be improved at the present time, and is also being actively sold all over the world to everyone.
The sample MP5 MLI is one of the many options for upgrading the MP5A5 2013 of the year, with a Picatinny rail mounted on the receiver's cover.
However, it is unlikely that the demand for it would have been so significant if it were not for the experience of practical application in a number of military clashes, which demonstrated its high efficiency. Thus, in 1972, the MR 5 was used against terrorists who seized a hotel with Israeli athletes during the Olympics in Munich. In 1977, the German special forces detachment, armed with the 5 MP, was engaged in the liberation of the hijacked Boeing 737 aircraft of the Lufthansa company. In 1980, the British special forces re-used this submachine gun already during the liberation of the Iranian embassy in London. In addition, the 5 MP has been actively used by various US intelligence agencies all this time, and in 1990-2000, it was used by the Pakistani army and police in the fight against the Taliban, both on its territory and in neighboring Afghanistan. All these examples of the combat use of the MR 5 were analyzed, its high combat characteristics were noted, which caused a high demand for it. Today, this submachine gun goes on sale in more than 100 variants, which certainly indicates its high efficiency and commercial popularity.
The main details of the MP5A3 with a telescopic butt. Early model with grooved forearm and steel-cased module case.
Immediately I must say that the submachine gun really turned out to be successful with its creators. Although it fires standard for most Western-made PP ammunition 9 × 19 mm Parabellum, the muzzle energy of its shot is equal to 650 J, which is higher by 20-30% compared to a number of its competitors. And this is not just interest. First of all, these are higher rates of damage to the enemy. Due to the use of new polymeric materials, the design turned out to be rather light, but durable. And being made on high-quality equipment, all of its parts in their totality work very well. The MP5 is compact, although purely visually it does not seem so small, rather the opposite. But this is the opinion of the fighters of special-purpose groups, who have to fight in the city blocks and residential premises with this particular submachine gun, and here its dimensions become a very important factor. If he were too bulky, no one would praise him!
MP5A3 SD - version with integrated silencer. The sound of a shot with his help manages to drown so that it is almost not audible at a distance already in the 30 m.
The versatility of the additional equipment, which can be hung on the MP5, is noted. This is a large set of tactical flashlights, silencers, collimator and optical sights, which greatly expands the possibilities for the application of software MP5. Among its advantages include the phosphating of its metal surfaces, which allows its use in a variety of climatic conditions.
One of the many options for MP5.
Expensive, cute, cheap, rotten!
The high cost is, perhaps, the main disadvantage of this submachine gun, which was a consequence of all the above advantages. The fact is that the designers used in it a semi-free shutter with roller deceleration, which is already in itself and complicated, and ... expensive. Like the HK G3 automatic rifle bolt, it consists of two parts, with two cylindrical rollers in the front, which are moved apart to the rear of the bolt during its forward movement. That is, the shooting is carried out with the shutter closed, and the trigger on the MP5 is worth the hammer type, and all this is done on it in order to improve the accuracy of shooting, especially if it is fired by single shots. But still, such a design not only complicates the mechanism of this PP, but also significantly, at times, the cost of the weapon itself! In comparison with old models of submachine guns, its cost is several orders higher. And the reason is not only the high cost of modern construction materials needed for production, but also the high cost of labor in Germany, and, accordingly, expensive spare parts and consumables that are necessary for its normal operation. That is why army units, as a rule, do not equip these PPs. It would be very expensive for the military budget.
Scheme of the device MP5.
But there are still some remarks ...
The purely operational notes on the MP5 are as follows: when fired, it throws up quite a bit, which reduces the accuracy of shooting. Any weapon with a roller shutter - and the MP5 is not an exception “does not like” pollution and requires regular cleaning and lubrication with “brand-name” oils. It’s not too easy to reload this submachine gun. To do this, you must first pull back the bolt, and insert the reload knob into the slide delay slot, and only then remove the empty magazine and insert a full one. But this is not all: now the shutter should be removed from the delay by pressing its handle. That is, collectively, this is somewhere 35-45 seconds. And all these "features" are peculiar not only to the MP5, but also to all types of weapons based on the G3 rifle. Nevertheless, professionals put up with all these shortcomings and ... choose MR5 to counter the terrorists.
Italian policemen with MP5.
And this is Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia) and here we also see the MP 5. And they are armed with the protection of the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan, the protection of the presidents of Belarus and Ukraine, and many more, many special purpose units around the world.
Such a strange Finnish sample
Well, now we note that there were quite a few attempts to create a “modern” for that time submachine gun possessing high accuracy of shooting. XO NUMX 7 already had a piece of material on the Finnish machine gun “Yati-Matik”, created by the Finnish designer Yali Timari in 2014, and it described in detail how to achieve this goal he changed the entire layout of his weapon: put the bolt on it, sliding inside the bolt carrier at a slight angle, and the pistol grip raised to the level of the barrel. But despite all these tricks, he was not able to achieve any particular advantages over other PPs.
Submachine gun "Yati-Matik", with 1995 year - GG-95 (manufactured by "Golden Gan") with a shop on 40 cartridges. By the way, weapons are set on a platoon when the front handle is opened, which is another of its original features. First, it should be folded forward and then pulled back. So, from the habit, not knowing this "trick" from this submachine gun and you will not shoot! In addition, it is very inconvenient to shoot lying down with such a shop.
The barrel and front sight with protective flaps of the Yati-Matik submachine gun.
"Spectrum": for the needs of the police and the army
Perhaps the most worthy competitor among counterterrorist software for MP5 was Italian Spectrum М4 of SITES company in Turin (the material about it on VO was still 24 December 2011), and it could well be considered a very successful model “ universal submachine gun "for all occasions, and not just to fight terrorists.
Its creator, Roberto Teppa, pondered over the results of investigations of clashes of law enforcement forces with terrorists in the 70 years of the twentieth century and assessed their results. It turned out that the terrorists have an advantage, because the security forces have to remove their weapons from the fuse, then build and only then shoot. Meanwhile, as all this time, the “bad guys” are already firing. Realizing this, he conceived to create a submachine gun, capable of shooting just like revolvers - that is, from simply pressing the trigger, and in addition - to have a capacious but compact store.
And we managed to solve this problem. And their submachine gun turned out even cheaper than the Mr5! And its manufacturability is high: the receiver is stamped, the handles for holding are plastic. The stock is designed so that it folds up. At the same time whatever protrusions with which he can cling to the clothes are missing. Yes, and in size it is small, and therefore comfortable to wear hidden. The shutter is free, but the fire is fired when the shutter is closed, that is, the trigger mechanism is of a hammer type. And it is arranged in the same way as in revolvers with double-triggering trigger. This allows you to wear this PP with a cartridge in the chamber, but in the case of a sudden attack the shooter does not need to waste time sending the cartridge and cocking the weapon.
Submachine gun "Spectrum" M4 without a grenade grip hold.
Sights are very simple and consist of a folding sight, on the 50 and 100 m with the whole U-shaped and front sight in the form of a simple rod.
Another feature of the "Spectrum" was the forced cooling of its trunk. The shutter on it is designed so that when moving back and forth, it drives the air through the casing of the barrel, which allows intensive fire without fear that it will overheat. His shop is also unusual: it is four-row and designed for 50 cartridges. At the same time, it is the same in length as the 30-cartridge from the MP5! By the way, the reloading handle is made in it in the form of two small key-grippers on both sides of the upper part of the receiver, that is, it can be used both on the left and on the right.
Submachine gun "Spectrum" МХNUMX, equipped with a silencer and a podstvolnoy handle.
"Spectrum" turned out quite light (kg 2,8 without ammunition), having a high rate of fire (850 rds / min) and easy to use. In order to attract foreign customers, in addition to the standard sample for the “Parabellum” cartridge, modifications are also offered for the Smith and Wesson cartridges of 10,16-mm and 11,43-mm ACP.
That is, in the 70-80 of the last century, it was the submachine gun that became the main weapon for the fight against terrorists, especially in rather cramped conditions. Nevertheless, a number of samples of this type of weapon still carried in themselves features characteristic of a “universal” weapon, with a general increase in features characteristic of special-purpose weapons!
To be continued ...
Information