News of domestic laser weapons

Currently, a significant number of advanced weapons and military equipment are being developed in our country. The development of existing trends is underway, and the creation of completely new designs is being carried out. In recent days, a number of messages have appeared concerning the further development of promising weapons. This time it was a question about the new developments in the field of laser weapons.

Last Tuesday, 2 August announced some news on current work and progress in the field of laser weapons. On this day, solemn events dedicated to the 70 anniversary of the Russian Federal Nuclear Center - All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics (RFNC-VNIIEF) took place in Sarov. During the celebration, a number of important statements were made concerning the past, present and future of the armed forces and the defense industry. The most interesting statements of this kind were made by the Deputy Minister of Defense Yuri Borisov.

Y. Borisov said that not so long ago new models of laser weapons were adopted by the Russian army. According to Deputy Minister of Defense, it is not exotic and experimental samples. New products have passed the necessary checks and adopted. The first armament of new types has already entered the troops. At the heart of promising systems are principles that have not previously been used in domestic weapons. Thus, new developments will be able to have a certain impact on the further development of weapons and methods of their use.

Experimental carrier of A-60 laser weapons. Photo Airwar.ru

Unfortunately, Yu. Borisov did not specify which particular laser weapons were adopted. The military and defense industry are in no hurry to publish data on promising developments in a new direction. This time the Ministry of Defense also did without details. Given the fact that in recent decades several new projects of laser-based weapons systems have been developed in our country, the list of samples that have had a chance to be adopted recently can be quite large.

Another interesting news about the prospects of domestic laser weapons appeared on the eve of the festive events in Sarov. On August 1, Izvestia published excerpts from a conversation with several defense industry experts involved in the development of naval equipment and weapons fleet. In particular, the issue of arming promising ships, the development of which is currently underway, was raised. In the foreseeable future, it is planned to begin construction of promising Leader type destroyers. Some new ideas and solutions can be used in this project, including those that have not yet been implemented in practice.

According to existing plans, new destroyers may receive a nuclear power plant, which will give certain advantages over ships with other systems. In particular, a characteristic feature of such ships will be the possibility of using relatively powerful consumers of electricity. Promising options for equipping and arming ships, which can be used thanks to high-power installation, are already being considered. Izvestiya also notes that the promising Russian destroyer Leader will be comparable to the newest American ship of a similar class Zumwalt in terms of power supply capacity.

It is argued that the high power of the power plant in the future can be used for various purposes, including for supplying energy to new weapon systems. In the future, the destroyers "Leader" will be able to get weapons based on new principles for the Navy. So, it is possible to create electromagnetic weapons or combat laser systems.

The ruins of the complex "Terra 3". Photo Militaryrussia.ru

For obvious reasons, such proposals do not yet go beyond the preliminary proposals and, to the best of our knowledge, have not yet been worked out in the context of real use in re-equipping the fleet. However, in the distant future, original proposals can be brought to the design and subsequent delivery of finished products.

The first samples of laser weapons, according to the latest data, were recently adopted by the Russian army. Nevertheless, work in this area in our country has been going on since the first half of the sixties. For several decades, a number of laser weapons for various purposes were developed, built and tested, but for one reason or another they never reached mass production and operation in the military.

The Terra-3 complex became the first domestic development in the field of laser weapons, which later became widely known. In 1964, it was proposed to study the possibility of hitting the combat units of ballistic missiles in the final part of the trajectory using a laser beam. With the help of several scientific and design organizations, a project was subsequently created for the construction of an experimental complex. Construction at the Sary-Shagan test site began in 1969.

In 1973, a new complex was launched using the laser FO-21, designed to hit targets in the atmosphere and beyond. Over the next few years, specialists collected a considerable amount of information about the operation of laser systems and their prospects. Among other things, during the tests it turned out that the initial task of destroying the warheads of ballistic missiles could not be solved at the current level of technological development. At the same time, experience was gained in the development of laser systems. After 1977 year test program steadily declined, until the complete closure.

In parallel with the project "Terra-3" the complex "Omega" was developed, which had a different purpose and was distinguished by a different composition of equipment. The Omega system was intended for use as part of an air defense and was supposed to attack aerodynamic targets of various types. Tests of the Omega complex began in the first half of the seventies and lasted about ten years. In 1982, the Omega laser first hit a training target in the form of a radio-controlled target. Nevertheless, in spite of the progress achieved, in terms of its characteristics, the laser defense system was significantly inferior to the missile systems of a similar purpose.

Complex SLC "Sanguin". Photo of Wikimedia Commons

In the seventies, work began on self-propelled laser complexes for ground forces. Combat vehicle 1K11 "Stiletto" had a tracked chassis and a special combat module with a laser emitter. Laser equipment was designed to search for optical and opto-electronic devices of the enemy with their subsequent defeat with the help of a directional beam of necessary power. Depending on the mode of operation, could be carried out as a temporary "blinding" of the systems, and their complete failure.

only two cars "Stiletto" was built, were used in the tests. According to some information, the laser complex was put into service at the end of the seventies, but for a number of reasons it was not built in a large series. Available samples were stored for some time at different enterprises, and were later disposed of as useless.

Further development of the "Stiletto" was the complex SLC "Sanguin." A set of new equipment was mounted on the chassis and turret of the ZSU-23-4 Shilka serial anti-aircraft self-propelled gun. To detect targets, it was proposed to use a radar station and the so-called. probe laser. The defeat was made using a combat laser. The design of the Sanguine machine made it possible to attack the optics of ground equipment and combat aviation. At ranges of up to 10 km, irreversible incapacitation of optical systems was ensured, and at long distances — long-term temporary “blinding”.

By the mid-eighties, the prototype of the Sanguin-SLC passed the necessary tests, however, according to the results of inspections, it did not adopt the new equipment. The further fate of the built technology is unknown. It was probably disposed of due to the lack of prospects. On the basis of the Sanguin project, the Aquilon ship complex of a similar purpose was developed.

The latest Soviet attempt to create a self-propelled laser complex was the 1K17 "Compression" project. A large casing was mounted on the tank chassis with the installation using a solid-state laser and an output unit made from 13 lenses. The only prototype of the Compression was built in the early nineties and was tested by the 1992 year, after which it remained out of work. Currently, the car is a unique exhibit of one of the local museums.

Prototype 1K17 complex "Compression". Photo of Wikimedia Commons

In the seventies, started the development of aviation laser complex A-60. This project was proposed to equip the Il-76 military transport aircraft with a set of special equipment in the form of a laser machine and related equipment. In the eighties, two serial aircraft underwent similar modifications. Due to the problems of the nineties, the A-60 project was stopped for a while.

In 2013, there was information about the continuation of work on the aviation laser complex. According to some data, it is planned to re-equip one of the newest IL-76MD-90А aircraft within the framework of the new project called Sokol-Echelon. After that, the car will be flying laboratory, which will participate in the trials. The details of the plans, technical information and deadlines for the work, for obvious reasons, have not yet been announced.

According to recent reports, work in the field of laser weapons and auxiliary systems continues. Its result is both new original proposals and the implementation of full-fledged projects. An example of the first is a hypothetical installation on destroyers "Leader" of laser weapons, and the completion of projects leads to the adoption of new systems. Unfortunately, the details of new projects are still unknown, but such information may appear at any time.


On the materials of the sites:
http://tvzvezda.ru/
http://izvestia.ru/
http://ria.ru/
http://svpressa.ru/
http://otvaga2004.ru/
http://airwar.ru/
http://popmech.ru/

Comments

[Viktor fm]

About laser weapons - articles about nothing: it’s been tried, we’ll wait further.

[andranick]

So that's about it

[Burmistr]

Last Tuesday, August 2, some news was announced about current work and successes in the field of laser weapons.

Yu. Borisov said that not so long ago new types of laser weapons were adopted by the Russian army.

on this article it was possible to finish
the rest is garbage

[Saburov]

For your information, the USA had such a project as Excalibur. The space X-ray shield project was supervised by the legendary "father" of the American hydrogen bomb, Edward Teller, and was called the Excalibur. Like King Arthur’s sword, he had to strike enemy warheads with precision blows. In a matter of seconds after the start of Soviet nuclear missiles, American missiles launched anti-missiles, opening a peculiar curtain of x-ray lasers in space. Each missile defense station "Excalibur" was about a hundred moving metal rods of x-ray lasers mounted around a nuclear charge. Each rod was combined with a personal target capture and guidance system based on a small telescope. After selecting targets and pointing several rods at each of them, the nuclear charge was detonated, and x-ray laser beams “hit” the missiles. According to calculations, each rod could radiate energy in 5 − 6 kJ over a distance of 100 km. After the first unsuccessful test, there was an encouraging Dauphin test result, during which November 11 1980g. At a depth of 1 306 meters below the surface of a Nevada test site, a nuclear device was detonated. Its capacity did not exceed 20 kilotons, and there is no more accurate information about this explosion. It is generally accepted that during the test, the new Excalibur design was tested, theoretically calculated by the young member of Group O Peter Hagelstein. However, we certainly don’t even know that the Dauphin test really was related to a combat X-ray laser! Moreover, information about the results of the test is the only, albeit meager source of estimates that are considered experimentally confirmed. Namely, radiation with a wavelength of 1.4 nm lasted ~ 1 ns at an average power of ~ 100 Terawatt. Thus, ~ 100 kJ of directed energy was obtained from the string - as from a machine gun, if you do not take into account the beam divergence on the way to the target.

[Saburov]

For starters, this could be considered a success, confirming the idea of ​​Excalibur. Modern combat systems based on a gas-dynamic laser, for example, emit only an order of magnitude more energy in a whole second, ... however, they work in continuous mode and have much better focus. However, the only, unverified source of information about the Dauphin test was an article by Clarence Robinson in Aviation Week & Space Technology magazine from 23 on February 1981., Where there were no exact references. Nevertheless, the veil of secrecy that instantly thickened around the publication, to some extent, testifies to the veracity of these data. After 16 years, another indirect evidence came from Russian scientists from Chelyabinsk-70, who published an article in No. 15 for 1997. Laser and Particle Beams. In it Avrorin E.N., Lykov V.A., Loboda P.A. and Politov V.Yu. reported that similar studies were conducted in the USSR of a nuclear-pumped X-ray laser, during which 1987g. were obtained 20 kJ in a pulse with a wavelength of 3.9 nm, and 100 kJ at 2.8 nm. Although the general term “nuclear pumping” does not always mean the use of a nuclear explosion, these results are similar to those described in an article from Aviation Week & Space Technology (130 kJ at 1.4 nm wavelength). 26 March 1983 year in an underground mine at a test site in Nevada in the framework of the Cabra program was the first, and so far the only, explosion of an X-ray laser with a nuclear pump power of 30 ct. Of this enormous energy, only the miserable 130 kJ hit the tip of Excalibur. An attack with such a sword would not be so far away, because the beam of radiation diverged significantly: every 10 m by a fraction of a millimeter, and after 100 km by almost a dozen meters.
Instead of miraculous weapons, a zilch turned out - in the most ideal case, at least one nuclear missile defense had to be spent on one warhead. And when you consider that many missiles carry several warheads and in addition there are a lot of false targets ... And it is not so easy to disable the target with a laser beam, even an X-ray, because modern warheads can withstand close nuclear explosions. In addition, the moratorium on nuclear tests following the first experiment completely transferred the task of creating nuclear-pumped X-ray lasers to the field of theoretical research. What, admit, we especially do not regret.

[venik]

Quote: Saburov

For your information, the USA had such a project as Excalibur.

Thank you so much! Very interesting comment !! You would write an article and explain in more detail!
Sometime back in the early 80s, there were rumors about the X-ray laser and the work of the laboratory of Academician Basov .... But alas !! No specifics, except that they managed to overcome the fundamental "ban" using nuclear pumping. I have not even heard of similar work in the states - I confess!
Thanks and "+"

[Tatar 174]

Rather, a combat laser will appear in space that effectively hits targets, and in the atmosphere, the influence of the environment will greatly reduce the power of the rays.

[Saburov]

No dear, the laser has several irresistible fundamental laws of physics due to which it will never become an effective weapon. The laws of physics still can not get around. First - No matter how you try, the beam alas will diverge. The physical law of diffraction states that laser radiation always diverges from angle = wavelength / beam diameter. At distances of the order of meters, it can be ignored. So what is next? If we take specifically a combat infrared laser with a wavelength of 2 μm (THEL combat lasers work at such a length, etc.) and a beam diameter of 1 cm, then we get the angle of divergence 0.2 of the milliradian (this is a very small difference - for example, ordinary laser pointers / rangefinders diverge by 5 milliradians and more). Divergence 0.2 mrad. at a distance of 100 meters it will increase the diameter of the spot from 1 cm to approximately 3 cm (if anyone else remembers school geometry). That is, the impact density will fall in proportion to the area in 7 times only by 100 meters. That is: if we know that a laser with a power of 100 KW burns an inch steel plate at point-blank somewhere in 2-3 seconds, then at a distance of 100 meters it will do this, roughly, 18 seconds. Secondly - Power criterion. The most powerful laser today is the ABL chemical COIL laser. Its power is about 1 megawatts. For comparison: the power of the 76-mm division gun F-22 of the 1936 model of the year is about 150 megawatts. 150 times more! Count yourself - the kinetic energy of the projectile (M * V ^ 2) / 2 divided by the time it is reached (about 0.01 seconds). We still do not take into account the explosive energy in the projectile itself. There are still as many. Think about this simple fact: a small ancient cannon from the time of the Second World War at a price of scrap metal is hundreds of times more powerful than an ultramodern “battle” laser weighing tens of tons and costing over 5 billions of dollars. And thirdly - As you know, the usual laser operation scheme provides for “pumping” a working medium (crystal or gas) with energy up to a certain level, and when a jump occurs, the accumulated energy is discharged by a beam of light of a certain wavelength. But where to get that energy that did not go to the goal with the beam? So, for the most part, it will stand out in the firing device in the form of heat. Thus, only 40% will go to the goal (although in reality no more than 10%), but the remaining 60% will remain with us. And therefore, even having damaged the target, we can easily vaporize our own laser. It is no accident that even in much less powerful earthly installations, flowing water cooling is used not only for mirrors, but also for the working volume of the laser.

PS The USSR at one time went all the way to create a combat laser from and to what the USA is now doing and, in fact, reinventing the wheel, I won’t be surprised if they soon begin to build an installation similar to Terra-3. In the USSR, in time, they realized the futility of this weapon, except for blinding and burning the enemy’s optics, the laser is not capable of more in combat conditions, due to weak power, absolute inefficiency, irresistible laws of physics and elementary and CHEAP methods of protection against it.

[Falcon5555]

Quote: Saburov

The most powerful laser today is the ABL chemical COIL laser. Its power is about 1 megawatt. For comparison: the capacity of the 76-mm F-22 divisional gun of the 1936 model is about 150 megawatts. 150 times more! Count for yourself - divide the kinetic energy of the projectile (M * V ^ 2) / 2 by the time it is reached (about 0.01 sec).

But if this COIL is able to shine continuously, for example, for 1 second, then it will deliver 1 megajoules of energy, and the cannon shell will deliver (without taking into account the charge and braking in the atmosphere, and if you believe your numbers) 150 * 0.01 = 1.5 megajoules. Already not so bad for a laser!

[Saburov]

Quote: Falcon5555

But if this COIL is able to shine continuously, for example, for 1 second, then it will deliver 1 megajoules of energy, and the cannon shell will deliver (without taking into account the charge and braking in the atmosphere, and if you believe your numbers) 150 * 0.01 = 1.5 megajoules. Already not so bad for a laser!

If you read carefully, you probably noticed that I described three completely unsolvable problems, at least until the laws of physics suddenly change. And the law of diffraction works both on earth and in space.

[gridasov]

Obviously, you are wrong in asserting insoluble fundamental problems. So that the beam does not diverge, it must be subordinated to the compression and expansion algorithm for the corresponding vectors. Then the beam will be easier and more convenient to focus from several sources, and not one. In fact, this is similar to the fact that the direct current in the conductors may not go in the frequency-amplitude parameters, but not at all of the planes that are used now. Naturally, the current generator should also generate a pulse, respectively. Then it will not be necessary to straighten it, which greatly reduces the electromotive force.

[Saburov]

Quote: gridasov

Obviously, you are wrong in asserting insoluble fundamental problems. So that the beam does not diverge, it must be subordinated to the compression and expansion algorithm for the corresponding vectors. Then the beam will be easier and more convenient to focus from several sources, and not one. In fact, this is similar to the fact that the direct current in the conductors may not go in the frequency-amplitude parameters, but not at all of the planes that are used now. Naturally, the current generator should also generate a pulse, respectively. Then it will not be necessary to straighten it, which greatly reduces the electromotive force.

Obviously, you believe in unscientific fiction. Let's go in order. Show me an article where, for example, it is clearly described in technical and scientific language how they managed to get around the main problems of building a laser? The natural divorce of suckers (military and taxpayers) on the headstock by American scientific and technical swindlers. For the reason that in the foreseeable future, “combat lasers” are not able, in principle, even to approach combat good old good guns / missiles. In the best case, their destiny is extremely narrow, specific areas of application such as burning optics for reconnaissance. equipment, sights, etc. If we talk about the use of lasers on the battlefield to “burn” tanks / infantry / missiles / aircraft, then this is just technical nonsense. And that's why. First, you only have to make a small introduction to the topic - how to evaluate and compare the impact on the target of different types of weapons. Those who are well versed in weapon physics may not read. For the rest of the educational program: What determines the degree of destruction of the target?

[Saburov]

It is determined by three factors: 1) The power supplied from the weapon to the target. A commonplace banal example: the more you hit a person with your fist, the more damage he will inflict, all other things being equal. “Stronger” means applying more muscle at a greater distance in less time. This is power. With regard to guns: the faster the projectile flies, and the heavier it is, the more power. The more he damages the tank, all other things being equal. With reference to the laser - the greater the power of the beam in kilowatts, the stronger it will burn the target. And in the same kilowatts you can translate the damaging properties of any other weapon and compare them. What will we do later. 2) The second factor is the area on which we bring power from the weapon. The smaller it is, the more concentrated the target experiences, the stronger the defeat (we don’t take extreme cases!). If you push the bully with your fist, there will be nothing for him. If you poke him with an awl with exactly the same effort (power), he will not be greeted. When they want to break through a tank, they try to make it a thinner striking element. So as not to “spread” power over the area. If we shoot a beam - we must collect it on the smallest possible area. Remember children's games with lenses and the Sun. A lens collecting the light of the Sun from a circle with a diameter of 5 cm - burns paper perfectly when this beam is compressed to a size of a couple of millimeters. In principle, the first and second factors are usually combined into one - the energy flux density. That is, they receive power in watts divided by the area of ​​impact. The higher this density, the more dangerous the impact. Measured in watts per square centimeter. But I decided to break them down for clarity. 3) The ability of the target to reflect, fend off the power of the weapon. That is, for example, if we take two armor plates and a projectile flying in them, but put one sheet at an angle, then the projectile can bounce off the inclined sheet. All else being equal. That is, the degree of destruction of the target very much depends on its specific vulnerability to this type of weapon with the first two factors being equal. It’s so simple not to sort through the interaction, there are dozens of types of interaction, but then it will be easier. For now, just remember that this must be taken into account. So, we repeat once again: in order to assess the damaging effect of a weapon, we are primarily interested in its power, concentration and methods of protection. Now let's see what has been achieved in the field of lasers and conventional weapons in terms of the above criteria.

[Saburov]

Power criterion. As I already wrote, the most powerful laser today is the ABL chemical COIL laser. Its power is about 1 megawatts. The power of the 76-mm division gun F-22 of the 1936 model of the year is about 150 megawatts. 150 times more! Divide the kinetic energy of the projectile (M * V ^ 2) / 2 by the time it is reached (about 0.01 seconds). We still do not take into account the explosive energy in the projectile itself. There are still as many. Think about this simple fact: a small ancient cannon from the time of the Second World War at a price of scrap metal is hundreds of times more powerful than an ultramodern “battle” laser weighing tens of tons and costing over 5 billions of dollars. A shot from ABL alone costs millions of dollars. And this energy shot is comparable to the burst of a heavy machine gun. The power of a Kalashnikov assault rifle is about 100 kilowatts. A US-Israeli laser with the same 100 kW (THEL) power was tested, they wanted to use it to protect against Grad missile shells. THEL installation in size - 6 delivered next to the bus. The project was closed at 2006 for complete inadequacy, although it still successfully shot down missiles and mines. By heating them in flight for several seconds. (The question is - what about the volley ????) Characteristically, no one even mentioned the possibility of defeating infantry with such a laser. Otherwise, even a child would clearly see its true capabilities, comparing it with an ordinary machine gun. It should be noted that it is no coincidence that the US military and experts believe that the minimum required laser power for combat use is 100 kW. As we see, this is really enough to at least get closer to the striking power of small arms.

[Saburov]

Laserophiles will say: well, maybe the beam can be concentrated on a small area and thereby achieve a much greater effect with less power? Indeed - after all, industry uses laser machines that quietly cut centimeter steel with powers of only about a few kilowatts. At the same time, their rays are focused on a patch of several millimeters in size. Alas! Here, the physically irresistible diffraction law comes into force, which states that the laser radiation always diverges from the angle = wavelength / beam diameter. At distances of the order of meters, it can be ignored. So what is next? If we take specifically a combat infrared laser with a wavelength of 2 μm (THEL combat lasers work at such a length, etc.) and a beam diameter of 1 cm, then we get the angle of divergence 0.2 of the milliradian (this is a very small difference - for example, ordinary laser pointers / rangefinders diverge by 5 milliradians and more). Divergence 0.2 mrad. at a distance of 100 meters it will increase the diameter of the spot from 1 cm to approximately 3 cm (if anyone else remembers school geometry). That is, the impact density will fall in proportion to the area in 7 times only by 100 meters. That is: if we know that a laser with a power of 100 KW burns an inch steel plate at point-blank somewhere in 2-3 seconds, then at a distance of 100 meters it will do this, roughly, 18 seconds. All this time, an armored personnel carrier (or whom you are going to burn there) must by itself patiently stand and wait. Do not violate those. process, so to speak. Well, as you know - a furrow of a couple of centimeters is unlikely to upset him anyway. For comparison: armor-piercing bullets from Kalashnikov calmly pierce 16 mm steel at the same distance. And I repeat - today the 100 kW laser is a huge installation weighing tens of tons, with huge tanks of toxic chemicals and sophisticated optics. When he "shoots" - huge clouds of poisonous smoke come from him, poisoning the entire vicinity. What will happen to all this if the enemy strikes from 100 meters throughout this kitchen from his good old large-caliber KPVT - you can imagine. And the rocket can accidentally hit ... And on a kilometer the beam density will fall already 300 times.

[Saburov]

Therefore, it is easy to understand that the distance of hitting a target even in 1 km for an 100-kW laser is an unattainable dream in real conditions. Unless you understand, for example, a canister of gasoline. Or a naked man tied to a tree. That is, a minimally protected target cannot be hit with such a laser at REASONABLE distances in combat conditions. By the way! On combat conditions: the battlefield is not always a desert White Sands training ground. It's rain. Snow. Fog. Explosions. Fumes. Dust. All these are almost insurmountable obstacles to the laser beam. Here, in general, you can forget about any concentration of the beam - it simply dissipates long before the goal. Who needs an assault rifle that is unable to hit targets in such conditions? I remember that the earliest firearms could not shoot in wet weather - the gunpowder was drenched. And the "shooters" just cut out the old fashioned way. Here it is, the inevitable fate of lovers of hyperboloids. 3) Also a very unpleasant point for "laser" is the ability to protect the target. And it’s very cheap and very cheerful. Because infrared rays are reflected from anything that is not hit (everyone can play with the remote control from the TV). A cheap window film with metallization reflects the vast majority of infrared radiation. Titanium reflects the IR laser very well. But we already barely brought it to the goal (just poetry!). Worse, there are also sublimation resins that are used to protect spacecraft from gigawatt heat fluxes, combined with the terrible mechanical effects of air pressure. In this case, the resin layer is damaged by a centimeter or two. That is, armor / steel is far from the most resistant material for the laser, no. It has long been an order of magnitude more "laser-resistant" coatings. It follows that even if it is possible to increase the power of laser guns by an order of magnitude, to gigawatts, this will not make them a prodigy at all. In this “sword and shield” competition, the shield has a huge, insurmountable head start. That is why laser-lasers very rarely tell WHAT goals they once again managed to hit and at what distance. And what is shown on the video raises more questions than answers. Ah well? - true laser lovers will say - but what do you all tell about chemical lasers when a technological breakthrough has already been made and “combat” solid-state light-pumping devices have appeared? There are no poisonous tanks, and they are much smaller! And decent power has already been achieved - for 100 kW!

[Saburov]

And it's called beautifully - Firestrike. Hmm .. And really, a very compact little thing - 7 blocks each weighing 180 kg. Total 1300 kg. So that? A dream come true? Let's not rush. There are a couple of nuances. This huge cabinet weighing per ton is just the radiating unit itself. At least 500 kW should be supplied with electric power, given that the achieved efficiency of this laser is about 20%. (and even that is very doubtful, usually much less - less than 10%). Thus, 100 kW went into the enemy with us, and 400 kW remained in this cabinet. And these kilowatts need to be put out quickly, right? Otherwise, expensive optics will suffer. The dimensions of a cooling system of such power can be imagined by looking, for example, at a cooling installation. A rather big bandura, weighs 120 kg. The system can just serve for cooling industrial lasers; it diverts power from as many as whole 6 kW. And she consumes the same amount of electricity. So you need something the size of a truck to cool our 100 kW cabinet when firing. And all this in total will consume megawatts of electric power under 1. Well how? Do you still like breakthrough 100 kW solid-state lasers? With the unimaginable power of defeat comparable to a Kalashnikov assault rifle?

[Saburov]

Let's be more specific, without metaphysics. You are talking about some allegedly hitherto unknown processes, although no one has yet decided the main obstacle to using the laser in combat conditions, namely, the physical law of diffraction, which states that laser radiation always diverges from angle = wavelength / diameter beam. Although the laser beam in the gas can undergo "self-focusing" when the atmospheric channel heated by the laser becomes a kind of optical fiber. The beam is also able to focus to a point that can become a source of x-ray radiation due to colossal heating in the area of ​​self-focusing. But for this it is necessary to use this effect in such a way that such a point arises at the right time and in the right place, which is kind of unscientific fiction. Therefore, if you solve this problem, then I guarantee you a Nobel!

[Simple]

Quote: Saburov

Show me an article where, for example, it is clearly described in technical and scientific language how they could get around the main problems of building a laser

Professor Vladimir Borisovich Gildenburg was asked about "divergence". He immediately replied, that this question has been constantly posed at the conference on lasers and electromagnetic wave diffraction for 20 years. He could not formulate an answer, he said that there are many versions, there is little sense from them.... professors at Bell Labs (or Lucent Technologies) don't know the same thing ..
YOU WRITE THEM, BECAUSE THE POOLS ARE PUT ... 20 YEARS ALREADY

1) the intensity distribution in the focus of the lens does not depend on its position; accordingly, the diameter d of the spot and the divergence d / F are kept identical according to any criterion and at any level;
2) is the product of the diameter of the waist by the angle of divergence of the focused beam, which is a parameter of the quality of the beam BPP (Beam Parameter Product).
Here are two protocols for measuring beam diameter and divergence generated by the RIC822 Signal Recorder program based on processing of two different distributions in the focal spot.

The distribution in the first protocol is almost Gaussian. This is evidenced by close values ​​of the divergence, determined by various criteria:
- in intensity at the level of 0,135 ....... 2551 mrad;
- energy level 0,865 …………… ..2500 mrad;
- at the second moment ........................... 2683 mrad.

A slight ellipticity is observed, but the two curves at the bottom of the protocol are almost mirror images of each other (the red curve is the intensity drop depending on the angle counted from the optical axis; the blue curve is the increase in the power fraction within the rotation cone around the optical axis from half the angle at top) and intersect almost exactly at the 0,5 level.

The distribution form in the second protocol is very different from the first. The central spot is surrounded by a relatively weak, but wide halo. The control values ​​determined by various criteria diverge sharply and amount to:
- in intensity at the level of 0,135 ....... 174 mrad;
- energy level 0,865 ……………… 592 mrad;
- at the second moment ……………………… .544 mrad.

The effect of the atmosphere on the laser beam

====================
can give a clear explanation?

Quote: Saburov

The laws of physics still can not get around. First of all -

?
or maybe .... it’s worth considering the laser beam as a stream of bosons that can be in the same state but not located, since all lasers and the medium are distributed with a temperature far from zero + pressure in the bosonic gas, when there is some kind of gradient of external temperatures. ?

[Saburov]

Quote: Just

or maybe .... it’s worth considering the laser beam as a stream of bosons that can be in the same state but not located, since all lasers and the medium are distributed with a temperature far from zero + pressure in the bosonic gas, when there is some kind of gradient of external temperatures. ?

To begin with, you would indicate the sources http://physics-animations.com/cgi-bin/forum.pl?forum=opt&mes=162 and http://www.laser-portal.ru/content_658. Then why didn't you copy the text about bosonic media to the end? Which ended like this: That is, it is based on pressure in a bosonic gas, when there is some kind of gradient of external temperatures. But it would seem that photons should not see each other at all. and feel, and recent experiments have confirmed that light starts even of very strong intensity do not interact in any way. Generally confusion with bosons.
Yes, and even if one considers diffraction, then anyway a solution with a secreted beam cross section is also possible ... in general, and with the American professor, we came to the conclusion that ... we are far from the truth. Or did you decide to surprise me? So all that you brought in an example is called The condensation phenomenon of an ideal Bose gas, predicted theoretically in the 1924 year by S. Bose and A. Einstein, was experimentally realized quite recently (1995 year) for rarefied atomic gases from alkali metals due to the use of a very sophisticated experimental technique of magnetic traps, laser and then evaporative cooling. So, on account of this, everything has been theoretically calculated for a long time and there have even been experimental tests, but alas, the fundamental law of physics hits the six like an ace. In short, you yourself did not understand what you copied. Find the Atomic Condensates and the Atomic Laser (Gorokhov A.V. 2001), PHYSICS and read the theoretical part. Why is it needed and what does it eat with. And the law of diffraction does not give a damn about what the laser will be, it doesn’t care, the beam will diverge anyway. There is only one way to deal with beam divergence — by reducing the wavelength. Well, the problem of efficiency and the remainder of the energy also does not disappear by itself anywhere.

[Simple]

Quote: Saburov

To start, you would indicate the sources

Quote: Saburov

why didn’t they copy the text about bosonic media to the end? TO

Let’s: for starters and for the end, I WILL DECIDE myself, what should I do and how?
And "everything" Well, I don't have the time and energy to fill the whole article with posts (more than an article in volume)
You just scolded such "minds" here and? And not a single link

Quote: Saburov

Or did you decide to surprise me? T

Yes after that

Quote: Saburov

namely, the physical law of diffraction, which states that laser radiation always diverges from angle = wavelength / beam diameter.

will you surprise?

Quote: Saburov

In short, you yourself did not understand what you copied.

strong.
Yet I was right

Quote: Just

I am so no offense, but you can not read further, especially "in the USSR" proved ""

[Simple]

Quote: Saburov

The physical law of diffraction states that laser radiation always diverges from angle = wavelength / beam diameter

from the series "about a laser scam" (wrote "gosh")

 Show / Hide text

http://gosh100.livejournal.com/31709.html

D is not a "discrepancy"
D-deviation from the laws of geometric optics, expressed in the envelope light small obstacles. Diffraction is observed when light propagates in a medium with pronounced heterogeneities(for example, near the borders of opaque or transparent bodies, through small holes, etc.)

Laser radiation is polarized, has monochromaticity, high power in a narrow spectral range, and low divergence of the light beam.
Attension! scaling of x (mm) and y (nm) axes is different.

According to the most general definition, beam divergence is a derivative of the beam radius with respect to the axial position in the far field, i.e., at a distance from the waist which is much larger than the Rayleigh length

and vAAAche in detail and on the "fingers", here:
Propagation in the atmosphere of radiation generated by a multi-channel laser system with coherent addition. H. 2. INFLUENCE OF DISTORTIONS AND THEIR COMPENSATION \ Bulletin of Tomsk Polytechnic University
Issue No. 2 / Volume 321 / 2012

Quote: Saburov

Secondly - Power criterion. The most powerful laser today is the ABL chemical COIL laser.

For your information:
Scientists at Osaka University claim to have lit the world's most powerful laser. 2-Petawatt (2 Quadrillion Watts) the impulse lasted only one picosecond (one trillionth of a second). For a rough comparison: in the 2013 year, the 50-kilowatt (50 000 W) laser shot down a drone from a distance of two kilometersin the atmosphere
PS ... Osaka's megapower laser is called LFEX (or “fast ignition experiment laser”) and is over a hundred meters long. Although two petawatts represents a fairly large amount of energy, the idea of ​​a petawatt laser is not new. There is already one such petawatt laser in the United States, owned by the University of Texas at Austin.

I am so no offense, but you can not read further, especially "in the USSR" proved ""

[Saburov]

Quote: Just

Scientists at Osaka University claim to have lit the world's most powerful laser. The 2-petawatt (2 quadrillion watts) pulse lasted only one picosecond (one trillionth second).

And how does this apply to combat lasers? We were talking about what the military is trying to use.

Quote: Just

For a rough comparison: in the 2013 year, an 50-kilowatt (50 000 W) laser shot down a drone from a distance of two kilometers

Of course, and you want to tell the most interesting? Everything is beautiful on the video, but there is not a single confirmation of the nature of the target, its material, range (other than indicated in the commercial), the number of volleys, etc., etc. In general, naivety helps us live, show off!

Quote: Just

I am so no offense, but you can not read further, especially "in the USSR" proved ""

Well, at least to begin with, did you find out how many laser projects there were in the USSR, at what time, and what results he achieved. For example, the marine projects FOROS and DIXON, ground TERRA-3, space SKIF-2D, on a movable chassis OMEGA, STYLE, COMPRESSION, DAL, SANGVIN, aircraft A-60. Which were long before the laser Boeing and Firestrike and also functioned successfully in contrast to the projects of scientific scams in the United States. So, as in a saying in words, he is Leo Tolstoy, but in reality .... well, then you know. And it’s easier to do as you said, do not read further! The less you know the better you sleep!

[gridasov]

Here I read your posts and ask myself a question - "Are you capable of introspection?" Don't you understand that all the variety of processes occurring with the disturbance of the impulse, what you call light, its spread, etc., is a complex and very capacious process in its diversity and transformations. This is a process that combines all forms of motion, all the variety of dimensions and motion vectors. And all of this is one of the scientists trying to describe the mathematics of particular solutions. Mathematics for constructing linear mathematical sequences. Mathematics inaccurate in its definition of solutions when the same number Pi is not defined. Do you understand that the process is not defined by words and names. This requires a language of certain comparable definitions, the basis of which can be precisely the number. Without such a language, it is impossible to describe the entire variety of processes as a single systemic transformation of energy both in a linear and radial vector. Etc. You will endlessly experiment, but never jump over the bar to the level when, understanding the essence of physical phenomena, you can create a real and a device and use the result of its work.

[Saburov]

Quote: gridasov

Here I read your posts and ask myself a question - "Are you capable of introspection?" Don't you understand that all the variety of processes occurring with the disturbance of the impulse, what you call light, its spread, etc., is a complex and very capacious process in its diversity and transformations. This is a process that combines all forms of motion, all the variety of dimensions and motion vectors. And all of this is one of the scientists trying to describe the mathematics of particular solutions. Mathematics for constructing linear mathematical sequences. Mathematics inaccurate in its definition of solutions when the same number Pi is not defined. Do you understand that the process is not defined by words and names. This requires a language of certain comparable definitions, the basis of which can be precisely the number. Without such a language, it is impossible to describe the entire variety of processes as a single systemic transformation of energy both in a linear and radial vector. Etc. You will endlessly experiment, but never jump over the bar to the level when, understanding the essence of physical phenomena, you can create a real and a device and use the result of its work.

I told you, let’s if not, if only. Since you are ready to provide theoretical evidence for solving the fundamental problems of building a laser, then you are welcome. And this chatter only proves that your templates for laser weapons are based on unscientific fiction.

[Simple]

Quote: Saburov

And how does this apply to combat lasers?

1.Mr. Saburov wrote:

Quote: Saburov

As I already wrote, the most powerful laser today is the ABL chemical COIL laser.

He forgot to mention "military", so I answered: about VAAAH
2. Everything (a lot of it for sure) was once non-military, including the laser itself: A. Einstein, Dirac A. Castler, Townes, Basov N.G. Prokhorov A.M.
From a puffing nuclear reactor to an 1 atomic bomb, the step is not big - the story

Quote: Saburov

Of course, and you want to tell the most interesting?

Not worth it. I tend to trust MBDA, LM or Rheinmetall Defense more than the “storytellers.” Otherwise, the joke about Vovochka will come out.
Especially since 2010, it is perfectly correlated with 2012,2013,2014 and 2015 - in spite of all the innuendo of the "patriots"

Quote: Saburov

Well, at least to begin with, did you find out how many laser projects there were in the USSR,

And where did you get the information that I "don't know" (especially for the "start")?
Why are you not enough?
Aquilon, Aydar, the first attempts of the Lebedev Physical Institute and Academician Basov?
proo "Skif-2D "only lovers of NPF can argue

Quote: Saburov

and besides, they functioned successfully in contrast to the projects of scientific speculators in the USA

Well, about the swindlers, not in the know, not familiar.
To expand your horizons I will answer:
MIRACL laser (deuterium fluoride laser) commissioned in 1980 year
You love the links, although you yourself neglect them, go for it: http://fas.org/spp/military/program/asat/miracl.htm

Quote: Saburov

The less you know the better you sleep!

most importantly, so that you don’t have pink dreams, don’t roll behind, or else give the Broken sword of empire No. 2 to the mountain, like Maxim Kalashnikov

[Saburov]

Quote: Just

Not worth it. I tend to trust MBDA, LM or Rheinmetall Defense more than the “storytellers.” Otherwise, the joke about Vovochka will come out.
Especially since 2010, it is perfectly correlated with 2012,2013,2014 and 2015 - in spite of all the innuendo of the "patriots"

A well-organized video, the weather is wonderful, the trajectory is known in advance, it’s known, the target’s speed as a match, range as usual is not shown, the material of the target is not known! You can continue to believe! Better give them more money and they will take you off a new video story!

Quote: Just

And where did you get the information that I "don't know" (especially for the "start")?
Why are you not enough?
Aquilon ...

Apparently not, LC Aquilon is the marine project for Foros ... I hear a ringing, but I don’t know where it is.

Quote: Just

MIRACL laser (deuterium fluoride laser) commissioned in 1980 year

So what? How can this be combined with combat use and combat effectiveness? Do you think, or just for the sake of awareness, talk such nonsense?

Quote: Just

most importantly, so that you don’t have pink dreams, don’t roll behind, or else give the Broken sword of empire No. 2 to the mountain, like Maxim Kalashnikov

Before talking about something, and even more so about lasers and their combat use, it would not hurt to first become a realist and have at least a little bit of knowledge in physics. And your money will be whole.

[Samoyed]

IMHO.
1. For pumping chemical munitions, such as the filling of a stun grenade, but the energy is focused into a narrow beam. Maybe even a disposable one, such as a Bumblebee grenade launcher.
2. Provocative. Creates a holographic phantom of a running fighter or equipment and for this we catch an adversary.
3. Unmanned, amphibious or flying. The companion of a fighter or unit. Small size. Kamikaze robot, can get closer and give an impulse.

[gridasov]

As the saying goes, brilliant ideas cannot be the fruit of idle reasoning, and there can be no breakthrough in the advanced areas of technical weapons. To create something highly effective, new scientific solutions are needed. In order to receive a stable beam of a certain level of perturbation in the medium of its transmission, it is necessary to subordinate it to the algorithms of movement from one point of the transmission distance to another. Why is the laser beam broadband? You just need to understand this, not to mention how to model this process. And it is impossible to analyze the level of modern mathematics.

[Samoyed]

"Why is the laser beam broadband?" What about monochromaticity? More accurate.
There is such a thing as a synergistic effect. Or, according to the classics of materialism: the transition of quantity into quality. If you competently combine existing solutions, you can get not the total, but the multiplicative effect or exponential. At the household level: vodka with beer. Scaling up individual efficiencies.

[gridasov]

You're right ! Sorry, I'm just too lazy to describe the versatility of those properties that this or that effect has. In this case, I wanted to mean many properties of the beam, which can be described as interrelated

[engineer]

For the failure of optical sensors is quite suitable. And this is not enough.

[Zaurbek]

Fighting UAVs, optics. Here are the main directions of development in the near future.

[voyaka uh]

Fight against any low-flying unarmored object.
The speed does not matter, only the distance to the object
and line of sight.
That UAV that ATGM mortar mine - the laser is the same.

[Zubr]

Another interesting news about the prospects of domestic laser weapons appeared on the eve of the festivities in Sarov. 1 August edition of "Izvestia" published excerpts from conversations with several defense industry experts involved in the development of equipment and armaments of the Navy. In particular, the issue of armament of promising ships, which are currently being developed, was raised. In the foreseeable future it is planned to begin construction of promising destroyers of the “Leader” type. In this project some new ideas and solutions can be used, including those that have not yet been implemented in practice.

Citizens, well, who will tell you here about promising developments and implemented. Remember how old the AK-47 was sheathed?

[Former battalion commander]

... I remembered the former luxury, but now no gu-gu ... Was it worth writing at all?

[voyaka uh]

A practical combat laser system looks like this:
From a salvo of 10 missiles, Grad managed to bring down 6.

[Simple]

Quote: voyaka uh

A practical combat laser system looks like this:

Keren Barsel looks like this

Your photo, these are excerpts from the BELING video of the HEL-MD / US Army test in December 2013

Although the Iron Beam component from Rafael Advanced Defense Systems Ltd is certainly American

[voyaka uh]

Yes. The laser itself is American. We do the SLA.
Iron Beam will be integrated with Iron Dome radars and computers.
To cover the "hole" up to 7 km, where the missiles do not have time to intercept.

[Parsec]

Quote: voyaka uh

A practical combat laser system looks like this:
From a salvo of 10 missiles, Grad managed to bring down 6.

Write "Weak in science, but strong in faith."

[voyaka uh]

This is what a combat laser looks like on an American ship patrolling
in the Persian Gulf:

[voyaka uh]

This is what a German Rheinmetall war laser looks like:

[voyaka uh]

This is what the Raphael Israeli small-defense air defense laser looks like.
First introduced at an arms exhibition in Seoul in 2015.
Placed in a standard "short" sea container.
The beam, of course, is invisible (the picture is finished as an illustration).
Power is approximately 50 kW. Concentrates the beam at a point with a diameter of 10 mm at a distance of 2 km,
sufficient to destroy mortar mines in flight.

[voyaka uh]

For parsec:
This man - Simon Newcon - is a famous mathematician and astronomer.
But he was not famous for this.
And by the fact that SCIENTIFIC (with calculations) proved that artificial devices are heavier than air
can't fly
Remember firmly these first and last names.

[Parsec]

I know the story with Newcon; you retell the legend, and it is illiterate how everything is with you - whistle artlessly, if in a simple way. They’d get into Wikipedia, look at what’s going on there, before you climb into the pulpit and utter complete nonsense, while trying to teach. It is better to remain silent seven times than one fart. You didn’t keep silent.
You will teach your children or grandchildren if they will listen.

I know the story of Marshal Foch, who saw the airplane: "Good sport. But useless."

And Landau said that a bomb was impossible, and trampled opponents with the whole mass of the master.

But the perpetual motion machine was never built, and microwave energy was not transferred with the development of technology, and beam weapons did not come true. And they believed who did not understand thermodynamics and did not know wave phenomena only when he flopped into the river.

[voyaka uh]

"Better to be silent seven times than fart once." ////

I assumed that you are better educated.
By the way, you are not required to comment on my posts. After all, your comments, unfortunately,
absolutely uninformative.
Saburov is an interesting strong opponent. You are not.

[Aljavad]

This man - Simon Newcon - is a famous mathematician and astronomer.
But he was not famous for this.
And by the fact that SCIENTIFIC (with calculations) proved that artificial devices are heavier than air
can't fly

It was a REGRESSOR!

[gridasov]

The question is who used what methods for justification. Here Schauberger quite easily proved that objects in their total volume heavier than air can fly. The plane flies and the rockets fly, many things fly. Another thing is that one must understand under what conditions such interactions are possible. Everything is very simple. If magnetic force currents are created and "correctly" distributed around any body heavier than air, then the gravitational force vector will not only not have to be overcome, but it can be controlled as an interacting process. Only not fields, but magnetic force flows.

[Mentat]

Quote: Just

PS ... Osaka's megapower laser is called LFEX (or “fast ignition experiment laser”) and is over a hundred meters long. Although two petawatts represents a fairly large amount of energy, the idea of ​​a petawatt laser is not new. There is already one such petawatt laser in the United States, owned by the University of Texas at Austin.

I am so no offense, but you can not read further, especially "in the USSR" proved ""

In fact, during the USSR, a lot of work was really done to study the properties of laser radiation as a weapon. Conclusions based on the data obtained were unambiguous.

You write, correcting, but you yourself do not know) Increasing the laser power does not give anything. Studies have also been conducted on the effects of high power laser radiation on various materials. A “too powerful” laser pulse causes the instantaneous evaporation of a thin surface layer of an object and creates an ionized cloud that does not transmit laser radiation.

To protect against the laser, it is enough to cover the object with ablative material, the technologies of which have advanced quite far in the USSR.

At the moment, until these fundamental issues are resolved (beam divergence, explosive evaporation, elementary protection with an ablation coating), laser weapons are a myth.

[voyaka uh]

"Increasing the laser power does nothing" ////

Both Americans and other Western developers are aware of this.
But in Soviet times there were no technical capabilities
focus tens and hundreds of laser beams pulsed into one
point. There was also no opportunity to steadily "lead" a high-speed target using
AFAR and computer for the lack of both. There were no compact supercapacitors and much more.
Development is spiraling, do not forget.
Therefore, now in Russia they are feverishly returning to the laser topic, so as not to
turn from leaders to laggards.

[gridasov]

Let me note that you are the only one who noted the real state of things .. The nuances about which you noted that an increase in power leads to new negative phenomena is obvious and confirms what I always speak of as a comprehensive analysis technique when it becomes possible to analyze various directions process development, but in the overall process. And what happens. Since the beam has a dimension not only of the linear vector, but also of the radial one, an increase in power leads to an increase in tension along the radius of the beam (This is a primitive and limited description of the process) In general, this is similar to the fact that the propeller cannot be unwound beyond the limited rotation level with increasing drive power. That is, a comparison in the analysis methodology and confirmation of my correctness that all processes are algorithmic and physical laws must be interpreted at a new level. In short, everything again rests on mathematics and methods of analysis of complex and high-potential physical processes. Without the new number function, the process of understanding the laws of a new level of physical phenomena limited.

[gridasov]

Simple calculations show that several geometrical conditions have to be fulfilled in order to "link the beam" from several sources. That is, you need to build a mathematical model of the motion of the impulse of the potential perturbed on a certain plane (including a convex one) in order to transfer to it a longitudinal vector, like a ray. Such a model of motion can be understood as a sequence of "switching on" the pulse sources on a fixed plane as a sequence in the perturbation of each point of the longitudinal vector ray. This is movement. But! To maintain such a sequence, one must either have sources with equal potential, or be able to control the potential in the algorithm by the corresponding algorithm according to the longitudinal vector, and a person does not have such capabilities. Therefore, it is obvious that the perturbation of the "plasmoid" would be more advantageous, which can explain the dimension of the short-term impulse of the perturbation but in the radial dimension of the potential.
Modern methods absolutely do not have the completeness of the theoretical justification of either the pulse itself, or understanding of the process of motion by the disturbance of the pulse from a statically located source. Moreover, in order to get into the object with a focused pulse of a space perturbed at a certain level, or rather its fractal structure, it is necessary that the focusing algorithm coincides with the perturbation and transmission algorithm.
A mathematical model of motion devoid of such empirical concepts as distance, speed, time, allows you to determine all the influencing factors on all processes, without exception, and only on the total magnetic processes. Because magnetic force processes are also described by algorithms of numbers transforming in all planes of space.

[cedar]

Professor Pobedonostsev, a rocket scientist, a specialist in the combustion of gunpowder, listening to the objections of mathematicians who confirmed with accurate calculations that the rocket engine could not work enough time to put the satellite into orbit, due to the high temperature and speed of the gas jet out of the nozzle (there were no materials no alloys capable of withstanding such a regime). He said the following: “Yes, your calculations are absolutely correct, but the engineers are not mathematicians, they will come up with something ...” And they did.