Color music for Rosguards
On July 3, Vladimir Putin signed a package of laws that finally fixed the creation of a new Russian law enforcement agency - the Federal Service of National Guard forces. Now, when the legal base has been formed, the command of the FSFIS takes up practical work: prescribes the organizational structure, develops combat manuals and various instructions, and creates a logistics system. It is planned to purchase new types of weapons and military equipment, aircraft and small arms. weapons.
Not so long ago, it became known that the Poisk-6MSN combat deltaplants, as well as domestic high-precision sniper complexes T-5000 developed and manufactured by Orsis, will appear in Rosguards. But if in the internal troops that became the basis of the FASVNG, before the start of the reform, there was a coherent system of forming a fleet of vehicles and armored vehicles, then the OMON, SOBR, patrol and patrol service units and private security guards transferred to the office of the Ministry of the Interior are not as good safely.
Therefore, it is interesting to find out what kind of cars and for what specific tasks the command of the Russian Guard is planning to purchase.
In the mountains and country roads
Currently, the FSVNG does not plan to purchase not only the latest Tanks and infantry fighting vehicles of the Armata and Kurganets families, but also the Boomerang armored personnel carriers. According to the leadership of the department, such machines are more suitable for full-fledged combined arms combat using high-precision weapons, aviation and artillery, but not to maintain law and order. The novelties of the Russian military-industrial complex have too aggressive appearance and excessive armament for the tasks facing the Rosguard.
Therefore, the command of FSFNG decided to leave the older armored personnel carriers BTR-80 and BTR-82, which, albeit in limited numbers, will continue to serve in separate units of operational regiments and battalions, reconnaissance and special forces detachments, as well as riot police and special security forces.
According to representatives of the Russian Guard, armored personnel carriers will perform a limited range of tasks, such as the destruction of terrorists, support for assault groups with fire and evacuation of the wounded. And the basis of the vehicle fleet of operational units and subunits, special forces and intelligence will be composed of both ordinary trucks and specialized armored vehicles.
Until recently, armored personnel carriers were also equipped with special motorized military units (SMVCH), whose soldiers, together with the police, carry out the tasks of maintaining public order during mass events. But experience has shown that there was simply no work for armored personnel carriers, therefore combat vehicles were idle in the parks. Currently, the command of the Rosguards has decided to withdraw the BTR from the SMHF.
In the fleets of units and subunits of FSFVN, there will not be any armored vehicles of the “Typhoon-K” and “Typhoon-U” families, the tests of which are now actively conducted by the Ministry of Defense of Russia. According to Rosgvardi specialists, as in the case of Armata, Kurgants and Boomerang, the characteristics of the newest armored vehicles are superfluous for the tasks facing the units and divisions of the federal service.
It should be noted that the Russian military department itself has not yet decided what tasks the Typhoons will perform. It is assumed that the newest armored cars will go into service of reconnaissance battalions and brigades, as well as special forces. But for the time being, the Defense Ministry’s Main Armored Directorate continues to test new products.
The main armored vehicle of operational units and subunits, reconnaissance and special purpose detachments of the FASVNG should be Ural-VV. Developed using the experience gained on Typhoon-U, Ural-BB, created on the basis of a three-axle truck Ural-4320, it can withstand small arms, and due to the V-shaped bottom it can protect personnel from an explosive device capacity of about five kilograms in TNT equivalent. In addition to mine protection, at the request of Rosgvardia, the Ural-VV is equipped with so-called hanging seats fixed in the landing compartment so that the feet of the serviceman do not touch the floor of the vehicle. Thanks to this decision, in the event of a mine exploding, the fighters will not receive leg injuries.
The main tasks of the new armored car are the safe delivery of personnel to the site of the operation and the transportation of ordinary cargo, equipment, and other property. To repel a possible attack in the Ural-VV boards, loopholes for small arms were equipped.
While the command of the Rosguard does not plan to additionally install heavy weapons on armored vehicles. Part of the "Ural" equip sound and light complexes designed to disperse riots, but no more. True, in the future it is possible that part of the armored vehicles will receive remotely controlled combat modules with machine guns or automatic grenade launchers, but so far the issue is being studied. Currently, Ural-VV is already being supplied to the 604-th special purpose Red Banner Center.
As the experience of operating new cars shows, if on rough terrain in the forest, fields and snow they behave excellently, then in mountainous terrain with steep slopes they lose to another product of the Ural Automobile Plant, the Federal armored car, which has been actively bought by internal troops for the last few years .
Due to the installation of additional armor and mine protection in comparison with the basic version, the center of gravity of the Ural-BB has shifted upwards, which negatively affects the stability of the vehicle when it overcomes steep slopes.
The proven Federal has no such problem. Due to the fact that an armored capsule is installed in the body, in which personnel is transported, the center of gravity of the armored vehicle, on the contrary, has moved lower, which significantly improves maneuverability.
Therefore, at present, the leadership of FSFNG has made a compromise decision: units and subunits that perform tasks in mountainous areas, including as part of a joint group of troops (forces) to conduct counter-terrorist operations in the North Caucasus, will be equipped with the latest Ural-VV, but will keep in the car parks "Federals".
It is noteworthy that the FSBNG, as before, the internal troops, prefers machines manufactured by the Ural Automobile Plant, while their colleagues from the Ministry of Defense purchase KamAZ products. According to Rosgvardi specialists, “Urals” are traditionally designed to perform tasks at the tactical level, that is, not only they are distinguished by high maneuverability, but also, importantly, even unprepared servicemen can easily cope with their repairs away from service centers and repair agencies.
But the trucks produced by the Kama Automobile Plant, win on the roads and have a large carrying capacity. Therefore, KamAZ trucks were traditionally used at the operational level - for the supply of property, fuel and food from district and army warehouses to divisions and brigades.
The command of the Rosgvardia does not intend to violate the established system: “Ural-VV” and “Feds” will carry personnel who perform service and combat tasks, and KamAZ trucks will bring up material resources.
City Patrol
For work in cities and towns in the new department they plan to use ordinary trucks and cars, including off-road vehicles, such as the UAZ-Hunter or the Patriot, as well as buses with special color-graphic design, lighting and sound facilities and places for detainees.
In addition to ensuring public order, the Rosgvardians must fight terrorists. To solve such problems, the FASVNG command plans not only to continue the use of Tiger family armored vehicles, but also to order new families from the industry.
A few years ago, the Ministry of the Interior had already purchased special police vehicles SPM-1 and SPM-2, created on the basis of the GAZ-23034 "Tiger" for mobile special purpose units and quick response. In general, the car has proven itself well, but there were also drawbacks.
The main feature of the police "Tigers" was that, unlike similar machines purchased by the Russian Defense Ministry, SPM has a high class of protection (5-th against 3-th from military "Tigers"). Although thicker armor affected patency, such a sacrifice is quite acceptable for actions in urban environments.
Also on special police cars mounted loopholes for firing from the standard armament of special forces soldiers and a mount for installing a PC or PKM machine gun on the roof of an armored car.
As noted by the Rosgvardi specialists, in general, the SPM still satisfies all the requirements, therefore the tasks to develop and produce new armored vehicles based on the “Tiger” are not worth it. At the same time, specialized vehicles are already being developed: command and staff, communications, reconnaissance and surveillance, some of which are being tested.
To carry out tasks in urban conditions, the fleet of special-purpose units and subunits of the Rosguard will be replenished with specialized armored vehicles “Patrol”, created by Asteys based on a two-axle cargo KAMAZ-43502.
According to the representatives of the Russian Guard, a new armored car was originally created under the requirements of the FASVNG and with the participation of specialists of the department. Compared with the “Ural-VV”, the “Patrol” is distinguished by better maneuverability in urban environments, including on narrow streets and in driveways. True, the Patrol’s passability outside settlements and roads leaves much to be desired, so it will not be able to compete with Ural-VV.
The main task of the Asteys product is to safely deliver special forces soldiers to the place of operations. For this, the Patrol is equipped with armor, loopholes are installed in the sides, and the machine itself withstands an explosion at an IED equivalent to five kilograms of TNT.
But as in the case of the "Ural-VV", the command of the FSFISI does not plan to install weapons on the "Patrol". The cars will be painted according to a special color scheme and equipped with special light-sound complexes to combat riots.
It is planned that the “Patrols” will be primarily equipped with riot police and SOBRs. But some of the vehicles will go into service with individual units of regiments and battalions of the patrol and patrol service and special motorized units.
Also, the Rosgvardi command began purchasing specialized Tornado cars based on the Ural-4320 truck and intended to destroy barricades and other artificial barriers. The machine is equipped with a blade, means for spraying gases and a water cannon. In the stern part there is a special manipulator that can be used to disassemble the debris, and also to use it for mine clearance.
Currently, the first "Tornado" has already entered service with the demining units of the 5-th operational regiment of a separate operational division.
Yes, forgot about the ravines
The command of Rosgvardiya has built a quite logical and promising scheme for the use of automotive technology. But we must not forget that, in addition to the internal troops, where the command paid great attention not only to keeping the equipment in good condition, but also to standardizing the park, the FSFIS included police units, where the picture is different.
In particular, the car parks of most of the riot police, SOBRov and PPS regiments represent a jumble of different cars, ranging from UAZ- "loaves" and ending with such rare books as GAZ-66 and ZIL-131. At the same time, good condition sometimes leaves much to be desired.
And if in Moscow and other large cities the technical readiness of the vehicle fleet of special purpose units and rapid response at a very high level, then in the province there are only a few vehicles per unit in good condition.
Another serious problem is the lack of trained specialists in the repair and operation of military automotive equipment. If for the needs of the internal troops, specialists trained the military institute of the explosives in Perm, and if necessary, the high command selected officers of the necessary military occupational specialties from the higher education institutions of the Ministry of Defense, but in educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs about the training of specialists in repair and operation of weapons and military equipment .
So the task before the command of FSFNG is quite complicated. On the one hand, to maintain in good condition everything inherited, and on the other, to actively buy new products, re-equip units and divisions, and train young specialists.
Not so long ago, it became known that the Poisk-6MSN combat deltaplants, as well as domestic high-precision sniper complexes T-5000 developed and manufactured by Orsis, will appear in Rosguards. But if in the internal troops that became the basis of the FASVNG, before the start of the reform, there was a coherent system of forming a fleet of vehicles and armored vehicles, then the OMON, SOBR, patrol and patrol service units and private security guards transferred to the office of the Ministry of the Interior are not as good safely.
Therefore, it is interesting to find out what kind of cars and for what specific tasks the command of the Russian Guard is planning to purchase.
In the mountains and country roads
Currently, the FSVNG does not plan to purchase not only the latest Tanks and infantry fighting vehicles of the Armata and Kurganets families, but also the Boomerang armored personnel carriers. According to the leadership of the department, such machines are more suitable for full-fledged combined arms combat using high-precision weapons, aviation and artillery, but not to maintain law and order. The novelties of the Russian military-industrial complex have too aggressive appearance and excessive armament for the tasks facing the Rosguard.
Therefore, the command of FSFNG decided to leave the older armored personnel carriers BTR-80 and BTR-82, which, albeit in limited numbers, will continue to serve in separate units of operational regiments and battalions, reconnaissance and special forces detachments, as well as riot police and special security forces.
According to representatives of the Russian Guard, armored personnel carriers will perform a limited range of tasks, such as the destruction of terrorists, support for assault groups with fire and evacuation of the wounded. And the basis of the vehicle fleet of operational units and subunits, special forces and intelligence will be composed of both ordinary trucks and specialized armored vehicles.
Until recently, armored personnel carriers were also equipped with special motorized military units (SMVCH), whose soldiers, together with the police, carry out the tasks of maintaining public order during mass events. But experience has shown that there was simply no work for armored personnel carriers, therefore combat vehicles were idle in the parks. Currently, the command of the Rosguards has decided to withdraw the BTR from the SMHF.
In the fleets of units and subunits of FSFVN, there will not be any armored vehicles of the “Typhoon-K” and “Typhoon-U” families, the tests of which are now actively conducted by the Ministry of Defense of Russia. According to Rosgvardi specialists, as in the case of Armata, Kurgants and Boomerang, the characteristics of the newest armored vehicles are superfluous for the tasks facing the units and divisions of the federal service.
It should be noted that the Russian military department itself has not yet decided what tasks the Typhoons will perform. It is assumed that the newest armored cars will go into service of reconnaissance battalions and brigades, as well as special forces. But for the time being, the Defense Ministry’s Main Armored Directorate continues to test new products.
The main armored vehicle of operational units and subunits, reconnaissance and special purpose detachments of the FASVNG should be Ural-VV. Developed using the experience gained on Typhoon-U, Ural-BB, created on the basis of a three-axle truck Ural-4320, it can withstand small arms, and due to the V-shaped bottom it can protect personnel from an explosive device capacity of about five kilograms in TNT equivalent. In addition to mine protection, at the request of Rosgvardia, the Ural-VV is equipped with so-called hanging seats fixed in the landing compartment so that the feet of the serviceman do not touch the floor of the vehicle. Thanks to this decision, in the event of a mine exploding, the fighters will not receive leg injuries.
The main tasks of the new armored car are the safe delivery of personnel to the site of the operation and the transportation of ordinary cargo, equipment, and other property. To repel a possible attack in the Ural-VV boards, loopholes for small arms were equipped.While the command of the Rosguard does not plan to additionally install heavy weapons on armored vehicles. Part of the "Ural" equip sound and light complexes designed to disperse riots, but no more. True, in the future it is possible that part of the armored vehicles will receive remotely controlled combat modules with machine guns or automatic grenade launchers, but so far the issue is being studied. Currently, Ural-VV is already being supplied to the 604-th special purpose Red Banner Center.
As the experience of operating new cars shows, if on rough terrain in the forest, fields and snow they behave excellently, then in mountainous terrain with steep slopes they lose to another product of the Ural Automobile Plant, the Federal armored car, which has been actively bought by internal troops for the last few years .
Due to the installation of additional armor and mine protection in comparison with the basic version, the center of gravity of the Ural-BB has shifted upwards, which negatively affects the stability of the vehicle when it overcomes steep slopes.
The proven Federal has no such problem. Due to the fact that an armored capsule is installed in the body, in which personnel is transported, the center of gravity of the armored vehicle, on the contrary, has moved lower, which significantly improves maneuverability.
Therefore, at present, the leadership of FSFNG has made a compromise decision: units and subunits that perform tasks in mountainous areas, including as part of a joint group of troops (forces) to conduct counter-terrorist operations in the North Caucasus, will be equipped with the latest Ural-VV, but will keep in the car parks "Federals".
It is noteworthy that the FSBNG, as before, the internal troops, prefers machines manufactured by the Ural Automobile Plant, while their colleagues from the Ministry of Defense purchase KamAZ products. According to Rosgvardi specialists, “Urals” are traditionally designed to perform tasks at the tactical level, that is, not only they are distinguished by high maneuverability, but also, importantly, even unprepared servicemen can easily cope with their repairs away from service centers and repair agencies.
But the trucks produced by the Kama Automobile Plant, win on the roads and have a large carrying capacity. Therefore, KamAZ trucks were traditionally used at the operational level - for the supply of property, fuel and food from district and army warehouses to divisions and brigades.
The command of the Rosgvardia does not intend to violate the established system: “Ural-VV” and “Feds” will carry personnel who perform service and combat tasks, and KamAZ trucks will bring up material resources.
City Patrol
For work in cities and towns in the new department they plan to use ordinary trucks and cars, including off-road vehicles, such as the UAZ-Hunter or the Patriot, as well as buses with special color-graphic design, lighting and sound facilities and places for detainees.
In addition to ensuring public order, the Rosgvardians must fight terrorists. To solve such problems, the FASVNG command plans not only to continue the use of Tiger family armored vehicles, but also to order new families from the industry.A few years ago, the Ministry of the Interior had already purchased special police vehicles SPM-1 and SPM-2, created on the basis of the GAZ-23034 "Tiger" for mobile special purpose units and quick response. In general, the car has proven itself well, but there were also drawbacks.
The main feature of the police "Tigers" was that, unlike similar machines purchased by the Russian Defense Ministry, SPM has a high class of protection (5-th against 3-th from military "Tigers"). Although thicker armor affected patency, such a sacrifice is quite acceptable for actions in urban environments.
Also on special police cars mounted loopholes for firing from the standard armament of special forces soldiers and a mount for installing a PC or PKM machine gun on the roof of an armored car.
As noted by the Rosgvardi specialists, in general, the SPM still satisfies all the requirements, therefore the tasks to develop and produce new armored vehicles based on the “Tiger” are not worth it. At the same time, specialized vehicles are already being developed: command and staff, communications, reconnaissance and surveillance, some of which are being tested.
To carry out tasks in urban conditions, the fleet of special-purpose units and subunits of the Rosguard will be replenished with specialized armored vehicles “Patrol”, created by Asteys based on a two-axle cargo KAMAZ-43502.
According to the representatives of the Russian Guard, a new armored car was originally created under the requirements of the FASVNG and with the participation of specialists of the department. Compared with the “Ural-VV”, the “Patrol” is distinguished by better maneuverability in urban environments, including on narrow streets and in driveways. True, the Patrol’s passability outside settlements and roads leaves much to be desired, so it will not be able to compete with Ural-VV.
The main task of the Asteys product is to safely deliver special forces soldiers to the place of operations. For this, the Patrol is equipped with armor, loopholes are installed in the sides, and the machine itself withstands an explosion at an IED equivalent to five kilograms of TNT.
But as in the case of the "Ural-VV", the command of the FSFISI does not plan to install weapons on the "Patrol". The cars will be painted according to a special color scheme and equipped with special light-sound complexes to combat riots.
It is planned that the “Patrols” will be primarily equipped with riot police and SOBRs. But some of the vehicles will go into service with individual units of regiments and battalions of the patrol and patrol service and special motorized units.
Also, the Rosgvardi command began purchasing specialized Tornado cars based on the Ural-4320 truck and intended to destroy barricades and other artificial barriers. The machine is equipped with a blade, means for spraying gases and a water cannon. In the stern part there is a special manipulator that can be used to disassemble the debris, and also to use it for mine clearance.
Currently, the first "Tornado" has already entered service with the demining units of the 5-th operational regiment of a separate operational division.
Yes, forgot about the ravines
The command of Rosgvardiya has built a quite logical and promising scheme for the use of automotive technology. But we must not forget that, in addition to the internal troops, where the command paid great attention not only to keeping the equipment in good condition, but also to standardizing the park, the FSFIS included police units, where the picture is different.
In particular, the car parks of most of the riot police, SOBRov and PPS regiments represent a jumble of different cars, ranging from UAZ- "loaves" and ending with such rare books as GAZ-66 and ZIL-131. At the same time, good condition sometimes leaves much to be desired.
And if in Moscow and other large cities the technical readiness of the vehicle fleet of special purpose units and rapid response at a very high level, then in the province there are only a few vehicles per unit in good condition.
Another serious problem is the lack of trained specialists in the repair and operation of military automotive equipment. If for the needs of the internal troops, specialists trained the military institute of the explosives in Perm, and if necessary, the high command selected officers of the necessary military occupational specialties from the higher education institutions of the Ministry of Defense, but in educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs about the training of specialists in repair and operation of weapons and military equipment .
So the task before the command of FSFNG is quite complicated. On the one hand, to maintain in good condition everything inherited, and on the other, to actively buy new products, re-equip units and divisions, and train young specialists.
Information