When to expect revenge for Falkland? The loud statements of the government Mauricio Macri and the real situation
Today, when the entire focus of our close attention is focused on military conflicts in New Russia, Syria and Western Asia, as well as on the tense situation in the Asia-Pacific region, a lot of interesting facts come through a number of foreign media from South America. Argentina, which did not want to observe the colonial British sovereignty over the originally Argentine Malvinas Islands, which stretch across the Atlantic expanses 463 kilometers from the continental part of the state, made a number of loud geopolitical statements. The latter are accompanied by some military-technical programs and contracts, which make one seriously think about continuing the confrontation over the ownership of the Malvinas Islands, illegally taken from the “silver country” 183 a year ago.
The hot dispute over the ownership of the Falkland Islands continues between Britain and the lands of the future Argentine Confederation, and then Argentina, from the second half of the 18th century, when the Spaniards in the 1770 had completely legally expelled the British from Port Egmont, who were occupied in 1766, two years later than the French navigator Louis Antoine de Bougainville settled the island of East Falkland with the first settlements that were later bought by the Spanish Empire. Then the Anglo-Spanish relations began to approach the escalation of a major military conflict in the South Atlantic theater, but the American Revolutionary War (US War of Independence), which began in 1775, forced Britain to temporarily change its strategy and temporarily leave the Falkland Islands.
In 1816, the already independent Argentina finally declared the Falklands its territory, but already in 1834, the British flag was raised in Port Louis by 148 years already. And even the Falklands War of 1982 could not bring Argentina success in establishing sovereignty over the islands.
Lieutenant General Leopoldo Galtieri, who became the helm of the state in 1981, absolutely incorrectly compared the potentials of the Argentine Air Force and Navy with the British Royal Navy fleet and the Air Force, which at such a large strategic distance (12000 km) from the kingdom, although they numerically lost, significantly surpassed Argentina technologically. This was especially true for the superiority of the submarine component advanced anti-submarine aviation, as well as more advanced air-to-air missiles of the AIM-9L “Sidewinder” melee range, which were at the disposal of the British army. An equally important role in the tactical advantage of the British was the geographical factor, as well as the absence of Argentinean navy aircraft-carrying types of warships and effective naval air defense systems. The great remoteness of the Falklands archipelago from the continental part of South America did not allow the Argentinean Mirages, Super Etendars, and Skyhokas to operate for a long time in the area of the British naval compound and the islands themselves due to the insufficient range with fully "loaded" points pendants. Even the outboard fuel tanks did not help, since Argentine pilots were forced to keep tactical aircraft at extremely low altitudes (about 100 meters) due to the excellent energy parameters of the Blue Fox radar, which was used by British Harrier FRS fighter pilots during the approach to the islands. 1 ”were found by Argentines at ranges of up to 55 km, Type 996 naval radars (Sheffield class EM radar radars) found medium-high targets at an even greater distance, which was later confirmed by the successful work of the Sea Dart missile defense calculations.
In addition, the pilots of the Argentine 2-flywheel fighters almost had no opportunity to use the afterburner, also to save fuel; this limited the thrust of arms during a BHB with very “backward” “Harriers”. But the main factor that determined the sad outcome of the closest air battles with the British Harrier FRS.1 was the presence of Shafrir air-to-air missiles, purchased by the Argentine Air Forces from Israel in the 70s. These short-range missiles are slightly improved counterparts of the obsolete American AIM-9B. Their IR GOS which had low sensitivity and could not intercept "Harriers" in the forward hemisphere. Interception to the rear hemisphere was also very difficult: “Harriers” have a constructively reduced infrared signature due to the original design of the cruise missile turbofan Pegasus Mk. 104. Front swivel air nozzles create thrust with the help of cold air flow from the engine compressor compartment, this stream quickly cools the hot jet stream of the rear swivel nozzles that discharge the jet gases from the combustion chamber and the fan turbine. Finally, the warm jet stream is quickly “dissected” by inverted V-shaped stabilizers, and is also blocked by a developed center section and underwing wing PTB bodies.
The above list of interesting technical facts determined the outcome of the Malvinas 82 war of the year, but this conflict was not exhausted by the then failure.
In June, 2015 was commanded by Major General Ricardo Kund, commander of the Falkland War and former military pilot, commander of the Land Forces of Argentina, and the country's previous and current presidents continue to raise the issue of willingness to defend their interests in the archipelago. At the beginning of 2016, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Argentine Republic was reminded of the desire of the people and leadership to gain sovereignty over the Falkland Islands peacefully, but the multipolar type of world order makes its own adjustments, and the power method of solving is not an exception in the ongoing Falkland crisis. The latest surge of tensions is associated with the start of the development by the British Falkland Oil and Gas and Premier Oil of explored large oil and gas fields in the vicinity of the Falkland Islands. Naturally, no coordination with the Argentine side was even considered “in the germ”, which causes sound bewilderment and aggression among the population and the leadership of Argentina.
The success of Argentina in the military confrontation with Britain over Falkland today seems to be a unique fantastic picture, however, not so long ago, facts began to appear that the South American republic was slowly but surely increasing its military-technical potential, and information about possible important defense contracts flashed .
GROZNY "LYVYATS" AND FIGHTING "GRYPHONES" OF THE ARGENTINIAN AIR FORCES IN THE POSSIBLE FIGHT FOR FOLKLENDS
The likely resumption of confrontation for the Malvinas Islands in the future does not allow to sleep easy, not only to British demagogues and military experts, but also to the command of the UK armed forces. This can be easily confirmed by the regular actions of the kingdom’s government, which previously, with the help of a powerful lobby in the EU and in the Middle East, has blocked far more than one important contract of Argentina for the purchase of more or less modern types of weapons for the country's air force. First of all, we are talking about updating a fairly outdated fleet, as well as a deep modernization of the most successful machines of the Mirage III-EA / R family and the Israeli versions of the IAI “Dagger” and “Finger”. "Mirages" continued to fly with a weak Cyrano radar, which could not detect and consistently accompany air targets against the background of the earth's surface. It also had a short-range (40 km) target acquisition (3 times shorter than that of the onboard ECR-90 CAPTOR radar installed on the new British Typhoon). Also, in order to defend the Falkland Islands, the British Air Force transferred a link from the 4-x multi-purpose fighter EF-2000 “Typhoon” to the archipelago. The information about a possible Argentina contract for the purchase of Russian Su-24M front-line bombers, which were the carriers of the widest range of high-precision missile weapons and could fundamentally change the balance of power with the British, but the contract was never signed. The situation remained the same.
And so, at the end of 2015, the publication MercoPress published the signing of a contract between Argentina and Israel, providing for the sale of the Israeli multi-purpose fighter jets "Kfir Block 18" to the 60 air force by the Argentinean XNUMX air force. Event in stories the Argentine army is really important, because the modification of this “Kfira” (Heb., “lion”) according to the performance characteristics corresponds to the tactical aviation of the “4 +” generation, and creates a huge threat to the Air Force and the British Navy in the Falkland Archipelago.
Despite the fact that “Kfir Block 60” is represented by an old “Mirajewski” glider, the improvement with the newest avionics and air-to-air refueling system allowed the car to dramatically increase its generation up to such aircraft as the F-16C Block 50 and Gripen, and for some qualities and surpass them.
The determining factor of the highest combat potential of Kfira is a powerful on-board radar with AFAR EL / M-2052, developed by ELTA. Its export modification is represented by an 1500 MRP antenna array with a total power up to 10 kW; the station is capable of detecting air targets with 3 m2 EPR at a distance of up to 260 km, an F-35B target (EPR near 0,3 m2) will be detected at a distance of 150 km, which will not allow the British to seize the initiative from the Argentine Air Force in long-range combat for due to low visibility "Lightning". "Typhoon" will be even more difficult to resist the modernized "Kfiram."
The EL / M-2052 radar in terms of detection exceeds most of the ordinary radar of modern fighter jets of the transitional generation, the Israeli radar superiority coefficients over range in terms of published data look like this: AN / APG-79 (Super Hornet) - 1,7, ECR -90 CAPTOR (“Typhoon”) - 1,9, AN / APG-63 (V) 3 (F-15SE “Silent Eagle”) - 1,5; and, paradoxically, the Israeli radar surpasses even the radar with AF / AN / APG-81 AF of the inconspicuous American F-35 fighter jets, which will go into service with the Royal Navy of Great Britain.
The only thing inferior to the Israeli American radar is in the number of targets accompanied on the passage (64 vs. 100) and the absence of a synthetic aperture mode for scanning the earth's surface for the presence of various types of ground-based equipment with a resolution of up to several meters. Nevertheless, the station is perfectly adapted to detect remote surface targets and target designation for modern anti-ship long-range missiles, which can be unified in two ways with the open-air architecture of the Kfir Block 60.
Even two incomplete squadrons from 18 "Kfirov" are capable of delivering a lot of trouble for the British fleet near Falklands. In the anti-shipping version, such a regiment can carry up to 64 modern anti-ship missiles with a range of 200 — 250 km. And send a couple of support ships or even the most up-to-date EM of the 45 “Daring” type to the bottom, without entering the dangerous radius of destruction of their shipboard Sylver SAMs for them is not difficult, because the Argentines well remembered 82 year, when the set of “Skyhawks” and The Mirage was shot down by the Sea Dart air defense system.
"Kfirs" are high-speed machines capable of speeding 2,2M, and their combat radius is about 1000 km, which fully covers all boundaries and flight directions to the Falkland Archipelago. It’s no secret that airplanes are equipped with a helmet-based target designation system synchronized with the radar and EKGSN missiles of the BVB Python, as well as tactical information exchange systems via radio channels of communication with neighboring vehicles and airborne and ground-based radars.
Due to these innovations, the Argentine Air Force can achieve significant success on certain ON Falklands. But for the long-term superiority over the British Navy, possessing two Queen Elizabeth class aircraft carriers with an 76 F-35B, 11 MAPL Trafalgar and Astute airframe, as well as 6 EM Daring, are needed both in the air force and in the navy of argentina.
Apparently, it is planned to eliminate the deficit by acquiring a certain number of modifications of the SAAB brainchild, the multipurpose Jas-39 “Gripen NG” fighter, simplified or modified in Brazil. The contract for the purchase of these machines can be signed and implemented exclusively under the supervision of the Coordinating Committee for the selection of Brazilian combat aircraft, and without British components, replaced by other similar devices. The UK has already blocked direct shipments of Gripen from SAAB assembly plants to Argentina. For example, Argentina is unlikely to be able to get a modification of the “Gripen NG” with the new AFAR-radar Selex Galileo Raven ES-05, which is produced in Scottish Edinburgh, but it can get more advanced versions of radars such as NORA or other radars that can be unified with LMS “Gripena”.
But the Argentine Jas-39, unfortunately the British, will not be deprived of the CDL-39 tactics exchange system, created by Ericsson on the basis of the American digital radio station Fr90, which uses the most sophisticated radio channel scrambling algorithm and frequency interpolation. The tactical data exchange system CDL-39 is approximately 2 times ahead of the eminent Link-16 in data transfer speed and has two-way data transfer, without any hierarchical system characteristic of Link-16.
An important feature of the future Air Force of Argentina is the possibility of using the “Kfirov” with the new EL / M-2052 radar as a “mini-ARLO”, as is practiced in the MiG-31BM - Su-27, Su-30CM - Su-27, etc. series. d. The only question that remains open is the supply of long-range air-to-air missiles, which could outrun such products as the MBDA Meteor or AIM-120C-7 / 8, which sooner or later will find its solution. After all, the current geopolitical situation in Asia is now playing in favor of Argentina.
Israel, which is the main supplier of combat aircraft to Argentina over the past 40 years, is not satisfied with the lifting of most of the sanctions against Iran by the EU and the US, and therefore, regardless of possible pressure from Britain and its European partners, it will continue to provide technical and logistical support for Argentine defense contracts, playing a primary role in the situation around the dispute about the ownership of the Falkland Islands.
Argentines have a plan "B". The Chinese corporations "Shenyang" and "Chengdu" have long ago switched over to the production of aircraft equipment of an entirely new "variety". If until the middle of 90, these companies specialized only in the production of such 3 generation machines as the J-8IIM and J-8III, developed on the basis of the latest versions of the MiG-21, taking into account the design of the Su-15, by the year 1998 had occurred technology leap of the Chinese military industrial complex, - the first flight was made by a light MFI J-10. The appearance on the world stage of such multi-role fighters and bombers like the Su-27, Su-30, F-22A and Su-34 forced the Celestial to hurry, because the "decrepit" fleet from a heap of modified copies of the MiG-17 / 19 / 21 already has , and the country was already positioned as a young superpower.
Now the range of promising tactical aviation for export from the PRC is huge. And “Chengdu” has long been considering Argentina as a buyer of a very popular and advanced machine FC-1 (JF-17), which in terms of impact qualities is not inferior to the same “Gripen”. The hope was also expressed for the conclusion of a deal with the Argentines on the latest unobtrusive fighter from the "Shenyang" J-31. Incidentally, this would be the most appropriate solution for the latter, because after equipping the Israeli radar with AFAR, the Chinese "stealth" would have become much more formidable 5 generation machines than the British F-35B (J-31 sounded in 1,5 times exceeds the indicators of "Lightning" with KVVP).
But a number of difficulties associated with the weak air defense of the Argentine air bases from the Tomahawks missile strikes of the British Astute and Trafalgar submarines, as well as with the deployment of coastal long-range PKRCs to support strike aircraft, do not allow any attempts to war for the islands. Argentina has neither a proper anti-submarine defense, nor modern diesel-electric submarines for submarine warfare with technological Britain. And only after solving these problems will it be possible to seriously think about the revenge of Argentina in the centuries-old territorial dispute.
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