Modern Russian sights for small arms
Small weapon - This is the main type of weapons of any army in the world. It is used in armed conflicts of any degree of intensity. At the same time, the effectiveness of its use depends not only on the characteristics of the weapon itself and the level of training of military personnel, but also on the aiming devices installed on it. Today, the Russian industry produces a full range of sights for small arms: optical, collimator, night and thermal imaging, which greatly facilitate the life of the shooter.
When using standard mechanical sights, the shooter always experiences certain inconveniences, his eyes get tired pretty quickly. The front sight or the slot of the front sight are visible vaguely, unsharply, so the shooter is not always able to clearly observe the target, the slot, and the front sight, since they are not the same from him. Because of this, the eye is constantly tense, it rebuilds the visual effort for a clear fixation of these points. The longer the shooter looks, the more tired the eye, which may begin to water. It should not be forgotten that any inaccuracy can lead to poor shooting.
Optical sights are much more perfect. Their use can improve shooting accuracy by increasing the target and eliminating the re-accommodation of the eye. In optical sights - aiming mark and image of the target are combined in the focal plane of the lens of the optical system. In this case, optical sights have a number of features. In particular, they have a limited field of view (which can make it difficult to search for a target), as well as a constant exit pupil diameter, which, depending on the observation conditions, can vary from 2 to 8 mm. In addition, when observing a target through an optical sight, the eye pupil must be combined with the exit pupil of the device, otherwise errors in aiming may occur. These flaws devoid collimator sights. And night and thermal sights, as you might guess from the name, allow you to conduct aimed fire at night and in conditions of insufficient visibility.
Sniper rifle PSO-1М2
PSO-1 stands for optical sniper scope. This is one of the main sights of the Russian and Soviet sniper weapons. It was created back in 1963, especially for the new sniper rifle - SVD. Since then, these sights have been used in almost all local wars and conflicts, including in the CIS. Its design feature was a very successful aiming net, which allows the sniper to quickly determine the distance to the target and take the corresponding horizontal corrections during firing, without rotating the flywheels. The PSO sight is sealed, it is filled with nitrogen, which eliminates misting of the optics of the sight with significant temperature differences. It remains operable in temperatures ranging from -50 to + 50 ° C.
PSO-1М2
The production of these sights is handled by the Novosibirsk Instrument-Making Plant, which is part of the Shvabe - Defense and Protection holding. Currently, the company produces two upgraded versions of the PSO-1 sight - these are the PSO-1М2 and PSO-1М2-1 sights. The first of them is used together with the Dragunov sniper rifle (SVD) caliber 7,62-mm. The aiming scales are designed for firing at a distance from 100 to 1300 meters. The second sight is designed for use in conjunction with a special sniper rifle (threaded) BCC "Vintorez" caliber 9 mm, as well as a special sniper automatic machine AS "Val" caliber 9 mm. The aiming scales of these scopes are designed for firing from 100 to 400 meters. For firing at dusk, they are equipped with an illuminated reticle. The power supply is a standard AA battery.
Characteristics of the PSO-1М2 sight:
Overall dimensions - 375x70x132 mm.
Increase, fold - 4.
The resolution limit, angular seconds, is 12.
The field of view is 6 °.
The exit pupil diameter is 6 mm.
Removal of the exit pupil - 68 mm.
Weight - 0,6 kg.
Sniper riflescopes "Hyperon"
The developer of the Hyperon sights is the chief designer B. P. Maikov. Designer and manufacturer of the sights of the Krasnogorsk Plant named after them. S.A. Zvereva (Krasnogorsk, Moscow region), the plant is part of the holding company Shvabe - Defense and Defense. Sniper pankraticheskie sights of the series "Hyperon" are intended for conducting aimed shooting and reconnaissance of targets from sniper rifles. Sights provide automatic entry of the aiming angle in the process of measuring the distance to the target and provide high accuracy of firing at a distance from 100 to 1000 meters both in daylight and at dusk. The sight was adopted by the Russian army in 2001 year.
1P59 on SVD
Currently, the enterprise produces 3 data type scopes: 1P59 for the SVD sniper rifle, 1P69 for the SV-98 sniper rifle and 1P71-1 for the NBC AXWK large-caliber sniper rifle (12,7 mm). The use of the 1P59 “Hyperon” sniper scope with SVDs allows you to increase the effectiveness of a sniper rifle, which uses standard PSO-1, right 1,3-2 times (depending on the size of the target and the distance to it) aiming and measuring the distance to the target, a more accurate rangefinder, as well as the location of the scale for entering aiming angles in the field of view of the sight.
1P69 on CB-98
Due to the use of a pancratic change of magnification, a method of measuring the distance to a target of known dimensions is used, which is based on smoothly changing the magnification to completely fit the visible target into the rangefinder mark of the instrument. The range mark of the “Hyperon” sight is made in the form of strokes (the length of the strokes and the gaps between the strokes correspond to the width of the person’s shoulders at the appropriate distance). In addition, the rangefinder mark allows the shooter to accurately determine the distance to targets that have basic dimensions - 1,7 meter (height figure), 0,75 meter (chest figure), and also simultaneously enter aiming angles. The 1P59 and 1P69 sights provide aimed shooting from 100 to 1300 meters, the 1P71-1 sight from 100 to 1500 meters. The sight is able to work in the temperature range from -50 to + 50 ° C, it uses ER6P lithium cells to illuminate the target.
1P71-1
Characteristics of "Hyperon":
Increase, fold - 3-10.
Angular field of view - 7,6-2,5 °.
Limit of resolution, angular seconds - 3 fold: 20; 10 short: 6.
The exit pupil diameter is 10-4 mm.
Removal of the exit pupil - 70 mm.
Length with hood and eyecup - 410 mm.
Weight with bracket 1P59 - 1300 g, 1P69 and 1P71-1 - 1350 g.
1P76, 1P77 and 1P78 riflescopes
These sights are developed by JSC “Novosibirsk Instrument-Making Plant” and are intended for installation on various types of automatic small arms: automatic rifles and machine guns. Sights are designed to monitor the battlefield, select the target and determine the distance to it, conduct aimed fire from machine guns and machine guns during the day, as well as at dusk and at night on the illuminated or luminous targets. All sights have small dimensions and a large field of view. All of them are able to work at temperatures from -50 to + 50 ° C.
1P76
The 1P76 sight was developed at the Tochpribor Central Design Bureau in the city of Novosibirsk, the chief designer of the sight is A. A. Petrov. The sight is designed for installation on AKM, AK-74, AK-100 series, as well as the AH-94 and RPK-74М, RPK-74Н and RPKN light machine guns. The sight has a wide field of view and a one-time increase, which allows the soldier in a dynamic battlefield to quickly monitor the area simultaneously through the sight and with the naked eye without loss of visibility. In order to minimize the dimensions and weight of the sight, it used a reconciliation mechanism with lens movement and an inverting system on the Pekhan prism. The aiming grid is illuminated by a tritium light element. The color of the reticle by day is black, at night it is green.
Technical characteristics of 1P76:
Overall dimensions - 110x60x190 mm.
Increase, fold - 1.
The field of view is 13 °.
The resolution limit, angular seconds, is 60.
The exit pupil diameter is 20 mm.
Removal of the exit pupil - 100 mm.
Weight - 0,3 kg.
The 1P77 day sight was created by order of the Russian Ministry of Defense in the 2005 year. The sight is based on the optical schemes of E. G. Popov by a team of developers consisting of Kuznetsova, T. A., Mikhalenko, S. I. and Sinitsyna, T. K. The sight is intended for installation on Pecheneg and PKMN light machine guns. The main requirement for its development was to ensure the increase at the level of the sniper scope PSO-1. In the 1P77 sight, an optical scheme with a prism turning system is used, which is implemented on the Pekhan prism, with the introduction of aiming angles by moving the sight grid. In this case, the entered range is displayed in the lower part of the field of view of the arrow. Alignment of weapons by moving the lens. The illumination, as in 1P76, is implemented using a tritium light element. This scope provides a range of 400-1200 meters.
1P77 on the Pecheneg machine gun
Technical characteristics of 1P77:
Overall dimensions - 205x95x171 mm.
Increase, fold - 4.
The field of view is 10 °.
The resolution limit, angular seconds, is 12.
The exit pupil diameter is 6 mm.
Removal of the exit pupil - 32 mm.
Weight - 0,95 kg.
The 1P78 sight was created in Novosibirsk at the Tochpribor Central Design Bureau under the supervision of Chief Designer S. I. Mikhalenko. This day sight is available in 4 versions: 1P78 for AKMN; 1P78-1 for AK-74М, AK-74Н, АКС74Н and АН94 automata; 1П-78-2 for RPK 74М and RPK 74Н light machine guns; 1P-78-3 for the RPKN light machine gun. Sights differ from each other by reticle and mounting brackets on the weapon. All sights use an optical circuit that is similar to that used on the 1П77 sight. The shooting range with an 1P78 sight is 300-600 meters, with the rest - 400-700 meters.
Technical characteristics of 1P78:
Overall dimensions - mm 175х85х165; 1P78-1 - 200x90x170 mm; 1P78-2 - 190x85x165 mm; 1P78-3 - 170x90x170 mm.
Increase, fold - 2,8.
The field of view is 13 °.
The resolution limit, angular seconds, is 19.
The exit pupil diameter is 6 mm.
Removal of the exit pupil - 32 mm.
Mass - 1P78 and 1P78-3 - 0,7 kg; 1P78-1 and 1P78-2 - 0,75 kg.
Reflex Sight 1P63
The X-NUMXP1 collimator sight for AK-63, AKMN, AN-74, Kalashnikov hundredth series machine guns and RPK 94M, RPK 74H and RPKN machine guns was created in Novosibirsk at the Tochpribor Central Design Bureau by designer S. I. Mikhalenko. At present, the sight is being manufactured by JSC Novosibirsk Instrument-Making Plant. It is intended for aiming fire in the afternoon, at dusk and at night on the highlighted purposes from the automatic weapon having a lateral seat for its installation. Aiming is performed using the aiming grid sign, the image of which is located at infinity. It can be used at a direct shot range at visible moving and stationary targets. Able to work at temperature variations from -74 to + 50 ° C.
1P63
The use of this sight provides simplicity and convenience of aiming, which during the mobile phase of the battle, as well as in conditions of limited time to open fire from unstable positions and when shooting from automatic weapons, significantly increases the effectiveness of shooting by reducing aiming errors and aiming time. During the daytime, the aiming mark is a triangle, two horizontal strokes and one vertical bar of white color, at night the strokes change color to green. At dusk, both a triangle and strokes are visible. In the daytime, the sight grid is illuminated by sunlight, at night and at dusk - using a radio-luminescent source. The sight stands out for its small size.
Technical characteristics of 1P63:
Overall dimensions - 133x152x68 mm.
Increase, fold - 1.
The field of view is 13 °.
Weight - 0,6 kg.
Night sights 1PN-93 "Magnus"
The 1PN-93 series sights were created at the Tochpribor Central Design Bureau in Novosibirsk under the supervision of the chief designer P. G. Golubev. Currently produced JSC "Novosibirsk instrument-making plant." The first device of this group was designed and released in 1995 year. In the future, due to the implementation of modularity of the design, its individual elements were used to create a whole range of small-sized night sights of the new generation: 1P93-1, 1П-93-2, 1П-93-3 and 1П-93-4. These sights were adopted by the Russian army. In this case, the products of this group cover all types of modern Russian weapons from machine guns to grenade launchers and sniper rifles. All sights have successfully passed troop exploitation, including during anti-terrorist operations in Chechnya.
The 1PN-93 night sights are designed for observation, reconnaissance of the terrain and aiming fire at night in the light of the moon and stars. The sights are equipped with adjustment mechanisms for height and direction, the introduction of aiming angles and have a backlight grid with two positions to adjust the brightness of the glow. They can be used at air temperatures from -50 to + 50 ° C. In the first three sights, the image intensifier is used - the optoelectronic converter of the 2 + generation, in the 1PN-93-4 sight, the 3 generation EOP is installed. For work in daylight hours sights are completed with the removable filter or a diaphragm. The sights use an 1 AA power source, the operating time on one AA battery is 10 hours.
1P93-4
The 1PN93-1 sight can be used with AK-74, AK-74M, AK 100th series, AN-94, BCC and Val (350 meters) automatic rifles. The 1PN93-2 sight is used with AK-74, AK-74М, AK of the 100th series, AN-94 and RPG-7В grenade launcher (moonlight vision range - 400 meters). The 1PN93-3 sight can be mounted on the SVD and PKM light machine gun (the viewing range in moonlight is 500 meters). The 1PN-93-4 sight is mounted only on a Dragunov sniper rifle (the viewing range in moonlight is 600 meters).
Technical characteristics of 1P93:
Overall dimensions - 1P93-1 - 207x176x79 mm; 1P93-2 - 207x193x90 mm; 1P93-3 - 220x198x100 mm; 1P93-4 - 250x190x81 mm.
Increase, fold - 1P93-1, 1P93-2 and 1P93-4 - 4; 1P93-3 - 5.
Field of view - 1P93-1 and 1P93-2 - 7 °; 1P93-3 - 5 °; 1P93-4 - 10 °.
The exit pupil diameter is 6 mm.
Weight - 1P93-1 - kg 0,95; 1P93-2 - kg 1,2; 1P93-3 and 1P93-4 - 1,25 kg.
Thermal Sight "Shahin"
The optical device “Shaheen” (white falcon or a peregrine falcon) is the only uncooled thermal sight of all domestic development and production. This thermal imaging sight was created at the Central Research Institute "Cyclone" (Moscow), which is part of the Ruselectronics holding. The sight is able to work at temperatures from -40 to + 50 ° C. It can be used as part of various small arms from assault rifles, rifles and carbines to light and heavy machine guns. The sight provides round-the-clock target detection and aiming from various positions: standing, lying, with a knee in any combat situation (dust, smoke, etc.). At the same time, “Shahin” is a passive device that does not require any artificial light sources. The sight is mounted on a weapon using a special bracket and takes only a few minutes.
This sight is part of the combat equipment of the new generation "Warrior". In the Shahin lens, objects can be distinguished by color, even if the difference in their temperatures will not exceed a tenth of a degree. At room temperature, the scope can work up to 6 hours. It requires no more than 10 seconds to enable and pre-calibrate it. In this case, with the help of this sight, you can detect a person at a distance of 2 kilometers, and from one and a half kilometers distance you can already open aimed fire. In the sight implemented a special program that allows you to take into account the ballistics of ammunition. At the same time, ballistic for 4 of various types of weapons (ammunition) can be stored in the memory of “Shahin” simultaneously.
Currently, there is information about three types of sight, which differ in mass and capabilities. The minimum mass of the sight is 1,2 kg. On the heaviest version of the sight set matrix with a resolution of 640x480 pixels. This sight is equipped with a special connector, which is designed to transmit the image to the helmet mounted display arrow or recorder. The transfer of the image from “Sahin” takes place by cable. Thanks to the realization of this possibility, a soldier can put a weapon around the corner on an outstretched arm and, remaining safe, see what is happening around the corner.
Technical characteristics of "Shaheen-3":
Overall dimensions - 290x130x130 mm.
Matrix resolution, pixels - 640х480.
Increase, fold - 2,2.
Digital zoom - 2.
GHB field of view - 7 ° x5,5 °.
Focus range - 15 m - ∞.
Weight - 1,4 kg.
Information sources:
http://www.npzoptics.ru (ОАО НПЗ)
http://www.zenit-foto.ru (ОАО Красногорский завод им. Зверева)
http://www.cyclone-jsc.ru (ОАО ЦНИИ «Циклон»)
http://rostec.ru (Госкорпорация «Ростех»)
http://gunsru.ru
http://russianguns.ru
When using standard mechanical sights, the shooter always experiences certain inconveniences, his eyes get tired pretty quickly. The front sight or the slot of the front sight are visible vaguely, unsharply, so the shooter is not always able to clearly observe the target, the slot, and the front sight, since they are not the same from him. Because of this, the eye is constantly tense, it rebuilds the visual effort for a clear fixation of these points. The longer the shooter looks, the more tired the eye, which may begin to water. It should not be forgotten that any inaccuracy can lead to poor shooting.
Optical sights are much more perfect. Their use can improve shooting accuracy by increasing the target and eliminating the re-accommodation of the eye. In optical sights - aiming mark and image of the target are combined in the focal plane of the lens of the optical system. In this case, optical sights have a number of features. In particular, they have a limited field of view (which can make it difficult to search for a target), as well as a constant exit pupil diameter, which, depending on the observation conditions, can vary from 2 to 8 mm. In addition, when observing a target through an optical sight, the eye pupil must be combined with the exit pupil of the device, otherwise errors in aiming may occur. These flaws devoid collimator sights. And night and thermal sights, as you might guess from the name, allow you to conduct aimed fire at night and in conditions of insufficient visibility.
Sniper rifle PSO-1М2
PSO-1 stands for optical sniper scope. This is one of the main sights of the Russian and Soviet sniper weapons. It was created back in 1963, especially for the new sniper rifle - SVD. Since then, these sights have been used in almost all local wars and conflicts, including in the CIS. Its design feature was a very successful aiming net, which allows the sniper to quickly determine the distance to the target and take the corresponding horizontal corrections during firing, without rotating the flywheels. The PSO sight is sealed, it is filled with nitrogen, which eliminates misting of the optics of the sight with significant temperature differences. It remains operable in temperatures ranging from -50 to + 50 ° C.
PSO-1М2
The production of these sights is handled by the Novosibirsk Instrument-Making Plant, which is part of the Shvabe - Defense and Protection holding. Currently, the company produces two upgraded versions of the PSO-1 sight - these are the PSO-1М2 and PSO-1М2-1 sights. The first of them is used together with the Dragunov sniper rifle (SVD) caliber 7,62-mm. The aiming scales are designed for firing at a distance from 100 to 1300 meters. The second sight is designed for use in conjunction with a special sniper rifle (threaded) BCC "Vintorez" caliber 9 mm, as well as a special sniper automatic machine AS "Val" caliber 9 mm. The aiming scales of these scopes are designed for firing from 100 to 400 meters. For firing at dusk, they are equipped with an illuminated reticle. The power supply is a standard AA battery.
Characteristics of the PSO-1М2 sight:
Overall dimensions - 375x70x132 mm.
Increase, fold - 4.
The resolution limit, angular seconds, is 12.
The field of view is 6 °.
The exit pupil diameter is 6 mm.
Removal of the exit pupil - 68 mm.
Weight - 0,6 kg.
Sniper riflescopes "Hyperon"
The developer of the Hyperon sights is the chief designer B. P. Maikov. Designer and manufacturer of the sights of the Krasnogorsk Plant named after them. S.A. Zvereva (Krasnogorsk, Moscow region), the plant is part of the holding company Shvabe - Defense and Defense. Sniper pankraticheskie sights of the series "Hyperon" are intended for conducting aimed shooting and reconnaissance of targets from sniper rifles. Sights provide automatic entry of the aiming angle in the process of measuring the distance to the target and provide high accuracy of firing at a distance from 100 to 1000 meters both in daylight and at dusk. The sight was adopted by the Russian army in 2001 year.
1P59 on SVD
Currently, the enterprise produces 3 data type scopes: 1P59 for the SVD sniper rifle, 1P69 for the SV-98 sniper rifle and 1P71-1 for the NBC AXWK large-caliber sniper rifle (12,7 mm). The use of the 1P59 “Hyperon” sniper scope with SVDs allows you to increase the effectiveness of a sniper rifle, which uses standard PSO-1, right 1,3-2 times (depending on the size of the target and the distance to it) aiming and measuring the distance to the target, a more accurate rangefinder, as well as the location of the scale for entering aiming angles in the field of view of the sight.
1P69 on CB-98
Due to the use of a pancratic change of magnification, a method of measuring the distance to a target of known dimensions is used, which is based on smoothly changing the magnification to completely fit the visible target into the rangefinder mark of the instrument. The range mark of the “Hyperon” sight is made in the form of strokes (the length of the strokes and the gaps between the strokes correspond to the width of the person’s shoulders at the appropriate distance). In addition, the rangefinder mark allows the shooter to accurately determine the distance to targets that have basic dimensions - 1,7 meter (height figure), 0,75 meter (chest figure), and also simultaneously enter aiming angles. The 1P59 and 1P69 sights provide aimed shooting from 100 to 1300 meters, the 1P71-1 sight from 100 to 1500 meters. The sight is able to work in the temperature range from -50 to + 50 ° C, it uses ER6P lithium cells to illuminate the target.
1P71-1
Characteristics of "Hyperon":
Increase, fold - 3-10.
Angular field of view - 7,6-2,5 °.
Limit of resolution, angular seconds - 3 fold: 20; 10 short: 6.
The exit pupil diameter is 10-4 mm.
Removal of the exit pupil - 70 mm.
Length with hood and eyecup - 410 mm.
Weight with bracket 1P59 - 1300 g, 1P69 and 1P71-1 - 1350 g.
1P76, 1P77 and 1P78 riflescopes
These sights are developed by JSC “Novosibirsk Instrument-Making Plant” and are intended for installation on various types of automatic small arms: automatic rifles and machine guns. Sights are designed to monitor the battlefield, select the target and determine the distance to it, conduct aimed fire from machine guns and machine guns during the day, as well as at dusk and at night on the illuminated or luminous targets. All sights have small dimensions and a large field of view. All of them are able to work at temperatures from -50 to + 50 ° C.
1P76
The 1P76 sight was developed at the Tochpribor Central Design Bureau in the city of Novosibirsk, the chief designer of the sight is A. A. Petrov. The sight is designed for installation on AKM, AK-74, AK-100 series, as well as the AH-94 and RPK-74М, RPK-74Н and RPKN light machine guns. The sight has a wide field of view and a one-time increase, which allows the soldier in a dynamic battlefield to quickly monitor the area simultaneously through the sight and with the naked eye without loss of visibility. In order to minimize the dimensions and weight of the sight, it used a reconciliation mechanism with lens movement and an inverting system on the Pekhan prism. The aiming grid is illuminated by a tritium light element. The color of the reticle by day is black, at night it is green.
Technical characteristics of 1P76:
Overall dimensions - 110x60x190 mm.
Increase, fold - 1.
The field of view is 13 °.
The resolution limit, angular seconds, is 60.
The exit pupil diameter is 20 mm.
Removal of the exit pupil - 100 mm.
Weight - 0,3 kg.
The 1P77 day sight was created by order of the Russian Ministry of Defense in the 2005 year. The sight is based on the optical schemes of E. G. Popov by a team of developers consisting of Kuznetsova, T. A., Mikhalenko, S. I. and Sinitsyna, T. K. The sight is intended for installation on Pecheneg and PKMN light machine guns. The main requirement for its development was to ensure the increase at the level of the sniper scope PSO-1. In the 1P77 sight, an optical scheme with a prism turning system is used, which is implemented on the Pekhan prism, with the introduction of aiming angles by moving the sight grid. In this case, the entered range is displayed in the lower part of the field of view of the arrow. Alignment of weapons by moving the lens. The illumination, as in 1P76, is implemented using a tritium light element. This scope provides a range of 400-1200 meters.
1P77 on the Pecheneg machine gun
Technical characteristics of 1P77:
Overall dimensions - 205x95x171 mm.
Increase, fold - 4.
The field of view is 10 °.
The resolution limit, angular seconds, is 12.
The exit pupil diameter is 6 mm.
Removal of the exit pupil - 32 mm.
Weight - 0,95 kg.
The 1P78 sight was created in Novosibirsk at the Tochpribor Central Design Bureau under the supervision of Chief Designer S. I. Mikhalenko. This day sight is available in 4 versions: 1P78 for AKMN; 1P78-1 for AK-74М, AK-74Н, АКС74Н and АН94 automata; 1П-78-2 for RPK 74М and RPK 74Н light machine guns; 1P-78-3 for the RPKN light machine gun. Sights differ from each other by reticle and mounting brackets on the weapon. All sights use an optical circuit that is similar to that used on the 1П77 sight. The shooting range with an 1P78 sight is 300-600 meters, with the rest - 400-700 meters.
Technical characteristics of 1P78:
Overall dimensions - mm 175х85х165; 1P78-1 - 200x90x170 mm; 1P78-2 - 190x85x165 mm; 1P78-3 - 170x90x170 mm.
Increase, fold - 2,8.
The field of view is 13 °.
The resolution limit, angular seconds, is 19.
The exit pupil diameter is 6 mm.
Removal of the exit pupil - 32 mm.
Mass - 1P78 and 1P78-3 - 0,7 kg; 1P78-1 and 1P78-2 - 0,75 kg.
Reflex Sight 1P63
The X-NUMXP1 collimator sight for AK-63, AKMN, AN-74, Kalashnikov hundredth series machine guns and RPK 94M, RPK 74H and RPKN machine guns was created in Novosibirsk at the Tochpribor Central Design Bureau by designer S. I. Mikhalenko. At present, the sight is being manufactured by JSC Novosibirsk Instrument-Making Plant. It is intended for aiming fire in the afternoon, at dusk and at night on the highlighted purposes from the automatic weapon having a lateral seat for its installation. Aiming is performed using the aiming grid sign, the image of which is located at infinity. It can be used at a direct shot range at visible moving and stationary targets. Able to work at temperature variations from -74 to + 50 ° C.
1P63
The use of this sight provides simplicity and convenience of aiming, which during the mobile phase of the battle, as well as in conditions of limited time to open fire from unstable positions and when shooting from automatic weapons, significantly increases the effectiveness of shooting by reducing aiming errors and aiming time. During the daytime, the aiming mark is a triangle, two horizontal strokes and one vertical bar of white color, at night the strokes change color to green. At dusk, both a triangle and strokes are visible. In the daytime, the sight grid is illuminated by sunlight, at night and at dusk - using a radio-luminescent source. The sight stands out for its small size.
Technical characteristics of 1P63:
Overall dimensions - 133x152x68 mm.
Increase, fold - 1.
The field of view is 13 °.
Weight - 0,6 kg.
Night sights 1PN-93 "Magnus"
The 1PN-93 series sights were created at the Tochpribor Central Design Bureau in Novosibirsk under the supervision of the chief designer P. G. Golubev. Currently produced JSC "Novosibirsk instrument-making plant." The first device of this group was designed and released in 1995 year. In the future, due to the implementation of modularity of the design, its individual elements were used to create a whole range of small-sized night sights of the new generation: 1P93-1, 1П-93-2, 1П-93-3 and 1П-93-4. These sights were adopted by the Russian army. In this case, the products of this group cover all types of modern Russian weapons from machine guns to grenade launchers and sniper rifles. All sights have successfully passed troop exploitation, including during anti-terrorist operations in Chechnya.
The 1PN-93 night sights are designed for observation, reconnaissance of the terrain and aiming fire at night in the light of the moon and stars. The sights are equipped with adjustment mechanisms for height and direction, the introduction of aiming angles and have a backlight grid with two positions to adjust the brightness of the glow. They can be used at air temperatures from -50 to + 50 ° C. In the first three sights, the image intensifier is used - the optoelectronic converter of the 2 + generation, in the 1PN-93-4 sight, the 3 generation EOP is installed. For work in daylight hours sights are completed with the removable filter or a diaphragm. The sights use an 1 AA power source, the operating time on one AA battery is 10 hours.
1P93-4
The 1PN93-1 sight can be used with AK-74, AK-74M, AK 100th series, AN-94, BCC and Val (350 meters) automatic rifles. The 1PN93-2 sight is used with AK-74, AK-74М, AK of the 100th series, AN-94 and RPG-7В grenade launcher (moonlight vision range - 400 meters). The 1PN93-3 sight can be mounted on the SVD and PKM light machine gun (the viewing range in moonlight is 500 meters). The 1PN-93-4 sight is mounted only on a Dragunov sniper rifle (the viewing range in moonlight is 600 meters).
Technical characteristics of 1P93:
Overall dimensions - 1P93-1 - 207x176x79 mm; 1P93-2 - 207x193x90 mm; 1P93-3 - 220x198x100 mm; 1P93-4 - 250x190x81 mm.
Increase, fold - 1P93-1, 1P93-2 and 1P93-4 - 4; 1P93-3 - 5.
Field of view - 1P93-1 and 1P93-2 - 7 °; 1P93-3 - 5 °; 1P93-4 - 10 °.
The exit pupil diameter is 6 mm.
Weight - 1P93-1 - kg 0,95; 1P93-2 - kg 1,2; 1P93-3 and 1P93-4 - 1,25 kg.
Thermal Sight "Shahin"
The optical device “Shaheen” (white falcon or a peregrine falcon) is the only uncooled thermal sight of all domestic development and production. This thermal imaging sight was created at the Central Research Institute "Cyclone" (Moscow), which is part of the Ruselectronics holding. The sight is able to work at temperatures from -40 to + 50 ° C. It can be used as part of various small arms from assault rifles, rifles and carbines to light and heavy machine guns. The sight provides round-the-clock target detection and aiming from various positions: standing, lying, with a knee in any combat situation (dust, smoke, etc.). At the same time, “Shahin” is a passive device that does not require any artificial light sources. The sight is mounted on a weapon using a special bracket and takes only a few minutes.
This sight is part of the combat equipment of the new generation "Warrior". In the Shahin lens, objects can be distinguished by color, even if the difference in their temperatures will not exceed a tenth of a degree. At room temperature, the scope can work up to 6 hours. It requires no more than 10 seconds to enable and pre-calibrate it. In this case, with the help of this sight, you can detect a person at a distance of 2 kilometers, and from one and a half kilometers distance you can already open aimed fire. In the sight implemented a special program that allows you to take into account the ballistics of ammunition. At the same time, ballistic for 4 of various types of weapons (ammunition) can be stored in the memory of “Shahin” simultaneously.
Currently, there is information about three types of sight, which differ in mass and capabilities. The minimum mass of the sight is 1,2 kg. On the heaviest version of the sight set matrix with a resolution of 640x480 pixels. This sight is equipped with a special connector, which is designed to transmit the image to the helmet mounted display arrow or recorder. The transfer of the image from “Sahin” takes place by cable. Thanks to the realization of this possibility, a soldier can put a weapon around the corner on an outstretched arm and, remaining safe, see what is happening around the corner.
Technical characteristics of "Shaheen-3":
Overall dimensions - 290x130x130 mm.
Matrix resolution, pixels - 640х480.
Increase, fold - 2,2.
Digital zoom - 2.
GHB field of view - 7 ° x5,5 °.
Focus range - 15 m - ∞.
Weight - 1,4 kg.
Information sources:
http://www.npzoptics.ru (ОАО НПЗ)
http://www.zenit-foto.ru (ОАО Красногорский завод им. Зверева)
http://www.cyclone-jsc.ru (ОАО ЦНИИ «Циклон»)
http://rostec.ru (Госкорпорация «Ростех»)
http://gunsru.ru
http://russianguns.ru
Information