KAZ "Arena-M" at the stage of testing and modifications

Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu inspects the components of the Arena-M KAZ. Equipment units, radar and protective ammunition are visible. Photo by the Russian Ministry of Defense
Russian industry continues work on the Arena family of active protection systems for armored vehicles. The latest product in this line is currently being tested and is approaching adoption, while an improved version is being developed at the same time. Based on the results of ongoing work, the Arena-M KAZ will confirm the calculated tactical and technical characteristics, and will also receive new capabilities that correspond to the situation on the modern battlefield.
Consistent development
The development of the first KAZ of the future Arena family started in the late eighties and was carried out by the Mechanical Engineering Design Bureau (Kolomna). The goal of the project was to create a promising complex capable of automatically monitoring the situation around tank, detect and then destroy dangerous objects – missiles and grenades.
Work on the first version of the KAZ was completed in the second half of the nineties, and at the same time its export version was developed. Soon the Arena was shown to the public for the first time. In the 2012s, work to improve the existing design continued. Based on their results, in XNUMX they showed a new version of the KAZ layout, optimized for placement on modern tanks.
In January 2017, KBM management announced testing of the Arena-M active protection complex. Under this name was hidden a product with an updated layout, first presented several years ago. The timing of the tests was not specified at that time, but it was clear that their success would open the way to the troops for the new KAZ. In 2021, KBM and the Ministry of Defense again spoke about testing the promising KAZ, and also showed its operation.

The first version of "Arena", created in the 90s. Photo by the Russian Ministry of Defense
The latest reports on the progress of work on the Arena appeared just the other day. Thus, on February 14, Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu visited the KBM Research and Production Corporation and checked the progress of work on the implementation of the state defense order. The company prepared a small exhibition, during which it showed the minister all the main modern developments, incl. product "Arena-M".
General designer of NPK KBM Valery Kashin reported to the minister the current situation with the Arena-M project. According to him, the product in its basic configuration has entered qualification tests. In addition, the company is working to improve the complex. The purpose of these measures is to expand the range of targets detected and hit - now the KAZ will be able to work against attack unmanned aerial vehicles.
The Minister of Defense commented on the work on Arena-M briefly and clearly: “we need to do it faster.” These words can be considered as a transparent hint at the desire of the Ministry of Defense to quickly complete all activities on the new KAZ, bring it to production and introduce it into the troops.
Technical features
KAZ "Arena-M", like previous products of the family, is a means of additional protection of armored vehicles from incoming anti-tank ammunition of the main classes. The complex is compatible with different media, operates automatically and shows high efficiency for typical purposes. At the same time, as follows from the latest News, it has potential for further development.

KAZ "Arena-M" being tested as part of the equipment of the T-72B3 tank. Photo: Bmpd.livejournal.com
The complex is compatible with various carriers, primarily with domestically produced main tanks - T-2, T-90 and T-80. Its installation does not require any significant modification of the media, but at the same time provides an increase in the overall level of protection. It was reported that Arena-M was tested on the BMP-3 infantry fighting vehicle. In theory, the KAZ can be carried by any armored combat vehicle that has sufficient carrying capacity and space for installing its elements.
Structurally, the Arena-M complex is divided into several parts. It includes a control unit, several small-sized radar stations and launchers with protective ammunition. Control devices are mounted inside the protected tank and controlled by the crew. All other elements of the KAZ are located outside the protected volume. So, on tanks, radars are distributed around the perimeter of the tower, and launchers are located on its rear.
The complex includes a special protective ammunition. This is a compact rectangular product with a directional fragmentation warhead and a remote fuse. Ammunition is placed in launcher shafts and fired in specified directions according to automatic control commands. The configuration of the two launching devices and the shafts in them is determined taking into account the possibility of firing in any direction.
The operating principle of Arena-M is quite simple. The complex operates in automatic mode and, using radar, constantly monitors the situation around the carrier. All-round visibility in azimuth is provided, while visibility in elevation is limited to the sector from which incoming missiles or grenades are expected. Automation detects small air targets, determines their trajectory and flight parameters.

Tank T-90M with KAZ "Arena-M" during testing. The moment of detonation of protective ammunition. Still from a report by Channel One
If the object flies towards the carrier armored vehicle and its parameters correspond to known threats, the KAZ makes the necessary calculations and launches protective ammunition at the right time. At a given distance from the launcher, the ammunition is detonated and creates a stream of fragments directed towards the approaching target. Anti-tank ammunition is destroyed and/or detonates at a safe distance from the combat vehicle and does not harm it.
It was previously reported that Arena-M could be modified to take into account modern threats. Thus, the complex was able to detect and hit missiles flying along a high trajectory and hitting a tank from the upper hemisphere. Now NPK KBM reports the possibility of combating incoming light UAVs. Apparently, these design problems are solved in a similar way - by increasing the viewing angles of the radar, as well as changing the range of characteristics of objects to which the KAZ must respond.
The long-awaited complex
The first version of the Arena was created a quarter of a century ago and, for various reasons, did not enter service. The export version of the complex, as far as is known, also did not go beyond the boundaries of training grounds and exhibitions. Later, a deeply modernized KAZ Arena-M was developed with an updated layout and improved instruments. Now it is undergoing the necessary tests, and at the same time it is being improved in order to improve its basic characteristics.
It should be recalled that the need to equip tanks with active protection systems arose several decades ago due to the proliferation of anti-tank grenade launchers and missiles in armies and various armed formations. However, the process of introducing domestic KAZ into practice has been delayed, and our tanks still do not have such equipment. As a result, instead of convenient and effective automatic systems, it is necessary to use various kinds of additional protection, often homemade.

The moment of destruction of the incoming ammunition. Still from a report by Channel One
Judging by the latest news, the situation has changed. The Ministry of Defense is ready to accept the modern domestic KAZ into service, but only after completing the necessary modifications and ensuring work against all types of expected threats. Having confirmed its characteristics and capabilities in tests, Arena-M will be able to enter service and go into production.
As a result of this, the tanks of the Russian army - and in the future, armored vehicles of other classes and types - will improve their protection against all typical threats. The risks associated with grenade launchers, ATGMs and UAVs will be sharply reduced, and the overall combat effectiveness of armored units will correspondingly increase.
Threat Response
Thus, the protracted epic with the creation and adoption of the KAZ into service by the Russian army seems to be approaching its end. The fighting once again demonstrated the need for such complexes, and also indicated the ways for their further development. This time, the Ministry of Defense and industry are showing full readiness to complete work on the current project and bring Arena-M into operation.
It should be noted that difficulties with the creation and implementation of KAZ concern only tanks and equipment of older types. Promising armored platforms were initially designed taking into account the use of such equipment. For example, the T-14 tank, like other products of the Armata family, immediately received the Afghanit KAZ. We can expect that the next generation of KAZ will be more successful and will enter service together with the carriers without any difficulties. In addition, before this it can be improved to combat new types of threats.
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