China will defeat the US in an air war over Taiwan
This material is a kind of generalization of what I read on American resources such as National Interest, The Drive, Air & Space Power Journal, Air Force Magazine, that is, resources where there are many authors and experts who have actually flown.
And on these resources, from time to time, discussions begin on questions like “Who will win, when the time comes?” and stuff like that. And, I must say, the Americans look very soberly at aviation things. And the end result was quite interesting, although somewhat one-sided. It is clear that due to the fact that no analogues could be found on the Chinese side.
So, the Americans are 101% sure that over the past 20 years China has simply been bending over backwards in order to achieve some kind of theoretical parity with the US Air Force. Here we will immediately agree that the US Air Force means both the US Air Force and the naval aviation of the US Navy, since it is with naval aviation that we will have to deal first.
Nevertheless, the Pentagon seriously considers the PLA Air Force to be a very real competitor to the US Air Force.
If we consider a hypothetical battle in the skies over Taiwan, then indeed, the PLA Air Force has many chances to defeat the Americans. Mainly due to a larger number of aircraft.
Now someone will think: the United States has more aircraft than China could ever dream of. Yes it is. If we take and count fighter-bombers, then:
- Boeing F/A-18 of all modifications: 765 pcs. (Fleet)
- F-15 of all modifications: 283 pcs. (BBC)
- F-16 of all modifications: 578 pcs. (BBC)
- F-22A: 165 pcs. (BBC)
- F-35A: 334 pcs. (BBC)
It turns out 2 125 airplanes. Fighter-bombers. Armada, however...
What's up with China? Everything is a little more modest there:
- Chengdu J-10: 24 pcs. (Fleet)
- Shenyang J-11: 72 pcs. (Fleet)
- Shenyang J-15: 24 pcs. (Fleet)
- Xian JH-7: 124 pcs. (Fleet)
- Su-30MKK: 24 pcs. (Fleet)
- Chengdu J-20: 150 pcs. (BBC)
- Su-30MKK: 72 pcs. (BBC)
- Su-35: 24 pcs. (BBC)
- Shenyang J-11: 225 pcs. (BBC)
- Shenyang J-16: 250 pcs. (BBC)
- Chengdu J-10: 565 pcs. (BBC)
Total: 1 554 PC. without taking into account the frankly old models of aircraft based on the MiG-21, of which another three hundred, no less, can be collected.
And here it becomes clear that China actually has more aircraft. Really, how many numbers can the US allocate? So, on paper, their armada is simply terrifying, but here’s the problem: from the shores of the USA to Taiwan, 11 km in a straight line, from China – 500 km.
That is, China, if it presses, will be able to raise 70% of its quantity. Even 1 aircraft is a lot. And the USA? But the USA won’t be able to!
Of course, the Americans have a certain number of aircraft in the region at air bases in South Korea and Japan. The bases of Misawa, Yokota and Kadena (Japan) plus Osan and Kunsan in South Korea are the concentration of forces in the region.
But not many aircraft are stationed there. Separate squadrons and parts of air wings, and an air wing (3 squadrons) - in our case this is not really that much.
The mighty and terrible American navy with its aircraft carriers is also a relative matter.
Let’s take the average to make it easier to calculate: one aircraft carrier takes a hundred aircraft. Exactly half of the US aircraft carriers, that is, five units, operate on the Pacific coast. But who ever saw all five ready for a hike? Some are undergoing repairs, some are undergoing testing after repairs, in general, in the best case scenario - 3 aircraft carriers. And you need to leave something in reserve just in case, right?
In general, if you prepare (and here everything always happens unexpectedly), then the United States could prepare five hundred aircraft. Not more. On the decks of aircraft carriers, at airfields in Taiwan, Japan, and Korea.
Therefore we confirm first American conclusion: China could surpass the US with more aircraft.
Many American sources of various kinds circulated rumors about plans developed by Chinese generals. An air war that brings Taiwan to its knees in 96 hours and cuts down its military structure to the roots - have you heard? It was, yes.
Let me quote from one respected American magazine:
That is, the Pentagon is seriously considering a “probable military response” against Chinese territory? Of course not. The United States really doesn’t have enough planes for this, and without them any operation against China looks frivolous. Suffice it to remember what forces were brought in against Iraq and Libya, and there neither air defense nor air force could hold a candle to the PLA.
A special point: military manufacturers from China have not only built a sufficient number of aircraft, but also expanded their technological prowess. China has built a series of fifth-generation combat aircraft that aim to compete with the American F-22 and F-35. Many analysts argue that Chinese fifth-generation military aircraft are not as good and stealth as American ones, but...
But it's not that. China does not need to build perfect and ideal ones. It’s enough to just build good enough planes, which is what the Chinese are doing.
And here we must remember the old doctrine, which was once voiced by the Great Helmsman Mao: “quantity has its own quality”. This applies here in full and I don’t even want to argue. Historical examples are through the roof.
Let's not go far, just remember the wonderful German Tanks from the Second World War Pz-V "Panther" and Pz-VI "Tiger". The pinnacle of German tank building, excellent optics, simply magnificent guns, armor from Krupp - so what? And nothing. 1500 Tigers and 6000 Panthers were nothing compared to 35 T-000s. The best illustration, in my opinion, of Mao Zedong’s principle.
The fact that Chinese planes are not as sophisticated as American ones is also an advantage for China. Unfortunately for Americans. Their aircraft can be replaced at a much faster rate and at lower material cost than the US can produce, repair and replace its own aircraft.
Take the F-22 Raptor for example.
In every war games scenario the Pentagon pursues, the appearance of even a small number of Raptors could tip a potential battle with Chinese aircraft in America's favor. In theory.
The catch is that the number of these aircraft is limited. And while these planes can do more than previous generations of warplanes, if they encounter significantly more Chinese fighters, they will eventually be shot down. Moreover, China's stockpile of stealth military aircraft will surpass America's. No, not tomorrow, not right away, but the battle for Taiwan is not planned for next year.
As for the F-35, which is supposed to replace the aging fleet of fourth-generation combat aircraft, there are many problems with this machine.
First, the US still believes that the F-35 is an open aircraft, as China stole detailed blueprints for the aircraft back in 2005 during a cyber operation known as “Titan Rain.” Accordingly, the Chinese had enough time to study the aircraft in detail, as well as develop measures to counter it.
Second, the F-35 is not nearly as good an air-to-air fighter as the F-22.
However, former US President Barack Obama stopped production of the F-2009 in 22 “to save costs.” But the F-35 is a much more expensive aircraft than most Chinese aircraft to produce and maintain. If airplanes are lost faster than America's industrial capacity can replace them in wartime, then, alas, the airplanes disappear and strategic vulnerabilities are created in American defenses.
Second conclusion: China has "home field advantage".
The same Comrade Mao once said: "geography is destiny". China's targets, be it northern India, the South China Sea, the East China Sea, or Taiwan, are close to China's shores. And at the same time, these areas are remote from America.
It turns out that the U.S. military must deploy its strike power over vast distances and rely on regional partners for basing and refueling rights to get its forces into conflict zones with China without interference. Beijing has advantages on its territory over the Americans and enormous industrial capacity that allows it to churn out military aircraft like iPhones. And transfer them to the theater of military operations as quickly as possible. Logistics in general is more important today than ever.
But there’s nothing to be done here; this problem has plagued the United States since the country’s entry into World War II. Who is to blame for the fact that the United States, as a self-proclaimed superpower, has extensive interests in almost all regions of the world, while China's main strategic interests remain close to Chinese territory?
Of course, this means that a possible war with the West will most likely be fought closer to China's borders.
But it does mean China can easily concentrate its regional forces to deliver a more powerful strike against distracted, stretched, and stretched U.S. and allied forces.
Unfortunately, logistics imbalances and inefficiencies plague the American military supply chain. In fact, the president of leading US defense contractor Raytheon chided US politicians over the summer for risking war with China.
This is because much of the American defense supply chain runs through China. Will Beijing allow the US military open access to wartime supplies in the event of a conflict between the United States and China? Do not make me laugh. China keeps America on a very short leash in this regard. And all that remains is to place bets on what will happen to supplies in the event of a conflict over Taiwan, will China cut off oxygen to the Americans or will it, like its northern neighbor, pose as a “reliable supplier”?
But China has no such problems. Yes, there are undoubtedly vulnerabilities. But in our particular case with a decent air force fleet China and the proximity of targets to Chinese bases and airfields, China could defeat the US alliance in an air war over Taiwan. With America's possible loss of air dominance over Taiwan, China will have a free hand to do whatever it wants against Taiwan's defenders, and Taiwan will be isolated from its Western allies for the duration of the invasion unless America attempts to significantly escalate the situation with China . Which is actually quite unlikely.
It is clear that all this is nothing more than theoretical calculations. China is not going to resolve the issue with Taiwan by force. This has been stated repeatedly. Although, let’s be honest, many politicians in our world made similar statements, but in reality everything was completely different.
But in the event of a collision between two air forces, the advantage will really be on the Chinese side. Yes, Chinese planes are not as good as American ones in terms of engines and weapons. Yes, American aircraft are more technically advanced and, in general, the Americans built good combat vehicles when Chinese aviation engineers simply did not exist as a class.
However, China has on its side a large number of, albeit not the most modern, aircraft and human resources that can compensate for combat losses. It is clear that the pilot to replace the deceased F-35 pilot will take months to train. And the Chinese can (and probably do) train hundreds, if not thousands, of pilots for licensed Su-27s. And produce airplanes in much the same way.
A couple of tough American F-35 pilots can do a lot. Even a lot. But ten J-20s will definitely be taken by numbers and skill. And twenty J-10s will be taken in number.
In general, there is something to think about before promising any US assistance to Taiwan. And it’s quite good that the guys on the other side of the ocean understand what they can get themselves into.
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