SAO 2S43 "Malva" after state tests and before deliveries to the troops
2C43 "Malva" on trials. Photo by Central Research Institute "Burevestnik"
The Russian defense industry, represented by the relevant enterprises from the state corporation Rostec, has completed the development of a promising self-propelled gun 2S43 Malva. The new product has successfully passed all the necessary tests, and now preparations are underway for full-fledged mass production. In the near future, self-propelled guns of a new type will have to get into the troops.
Project results
Recall that the existence of the project with the code "Malva" became known in 2019. It was developed by the Nizhny Novgorod Central Research Institute "Burevestnik" from the NPK "Uralvagonzavod" of the Rostec Corporation. Not later than 2020, the project reached the stage of building a prototype, which was then presented to the customer at a private event. Soon, the experimental CAO entered field tests. All stages of inspections, including state tests, were planned to be carried out over several years.
In mid-May 2023, UVZ General Director Alexander Potapov, as part of the Belarusian exhibition MILEX-2023, announced that the 2S43 Malva product had recently successfully passed state tests. The gun has confirmed the design characteristics, and now the issues of its production are being resolved. The general director of UVZ did not specify the timing of the receipt of equipment in the troops, but indicated that this would happen soon.
On July 27, the Rostec press service confirmed previously disclosed information about the completion of state tests and preparations for future deliveries of finished equipment to the army. Also in the official message, they recalled the main features of the new model, and also pointed out its advantages over systems of other classes.
So, it is again noted that the main advantages of "Malva" are associated with the use of a wheeled chassis with the formula 8x8 from the Bryansk Automobile Plant. Due to this, the new SAO compares favorably with the existing caterpillar self-propelled guns with increased mobility on the roads and improved running and operational characteristics. In addition, the chassis provides obvious advantages over towed guns of the same caliber.
Fire tests of the SAO, 2021. Photo by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
The press service of "Rostec" quotes the words of the industrial director of the cluster of weapons, ammunition and special chemicals Bekhan Ozdoev. He recalled that the development of "Malva" focused on increasing mobility. In the conditions of modern conflict, the safety of the calculation depends on such characteristics.
On the way to the troops
In the latter the news about "Malva" it was reported that guns of this type would soon go to the troops, where their development would begin. More exact terms are not called, but, probably, we are talking about several months. The possibility of fulfilling such plans and promises is confirmed by the news of the recent past.
In mid-August 2022, on the eve of the opening of the military-technical forum "Army", the press service of Rostec spoke about the latest achievements of the corporation, incl. within the framework of the 2S43 project. By that time, a prototype self-propelled gun had been submitted for testing. In addition, NPK UVZ prepared production facilities and started manufacturing a pilot batch of Malv. The size and timing of the completion of the construction of such a batch were not reported.
Pilot batches of equipment and armaments in domestic practice do not differ in large volumes, which to a certain extent speeds up their production. In addition, the relative technical simplicity of the 2S43 project, made on the basis of ready-made components and assemblies, should have a positive effect on the speed of construction.
Thus, it can be expected that a pilot batch of CAO 2S43 will go to the troops in the coming months, for example, before the end of this year. Then, taking into account the experience of testing a prototype, as well as the production and operation of the first batch of equipment, manufacturing organizations will finalize the production lines and establish full-fledged mass production.
"Malva" at the parade, 2021. Photo by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
New solutions
The 2S43 Malva project was built on the basis of a rather simple and curious concept, which, however, until recently has not been developed in our country. In general, we are talking about the installation of an artillery unit and auxiliary systems on a car chassis with sufficient characteristics. Due to this, you can get noticeable technical and operational advantages over towed and self-propelled tracked artillery, but at the cost of some restrictions.
"Malva" is being built on a four-axle all-wheel drive chassis BAZ-6610-027 "Voshchina" with a two-row cab. Such a machine is equipped with a YaMZ-8424.10 diesel engine with a power of 470 hp, due to which it can reach speeds of up to 80 km / h; cruising range on the highway - 1000 km. The chassis allows you to move both on the highway and off-road.
An artillery mount with a 152-mm rifled howitzer 2A64 is mounted in the rear of the chassis - a gun from self-propelled guns 2S19 "Msta-S". The howitzer has a 47 klb barrel with a developed muzzle brake and a semi-automatic wedge breech. Loading - separate-sleeve using a chambering mechanism. The howitzer is placed on the machine with the possibility of horizontal guidance within 30° to the right and left at elevation angles from -3° to +70°. The recoil momentum is transmitted to the ground by means of a lowered base plate.
The SAO is equipped with a modern fire control system that provides fast and accurate topographical positioning, calculation of data for firing and aiming. There are different shooting modes, including the so-called. fire attack. Preparing the guns in position and folding before leaving take minimal time.
The 2A64 howitzer allows the Malva to use the entire range of 152-mm rounds for the Msta-S/B. 30 shots are transported in stowage on the chassis. Also, a self-propelled gun can be accompanied by an ammunition transporter. Shells and shells are fed from the stowage to the gun manually.
Modern means
In the foreseeable future, Rostec will launch a full-fledged serial production of Malva products for delivery to the army. Together with the new equipment, the rocket troops and artillery of the ground forces will receive some new opportunities and advantages. They will be provided by the uncharacteristic for our artillery architecture of the combat vehicle.
The design image of the self-propelled gun is the first known image of "Malva" from 2019. Graphics Russianarms.ru
As the development organizations have repeatedly noted, the CAO 2S43 compares favorably with the existing self-propelled and towed systems by its increased mobility. The advantages over towed artillery are obvious - "Malva" moves independently and does not need a tractor. Tracked self-propelled guns, in turn, lose to wheeled self-propelled guns in mobility on highways and roads, as well as in matters of operation and maintenance.
At the same time, any "traditional" self-propelled guns of our army are superior to the "Malva" in some aspects. So, caterpillar self-propelled guns are distinguished by better off-road and rough terrain, and also have reservations and constantly protect the crew.
In general, the 2S43 wheeled self-propelled guns should not be considered as a competitor to existing caterpillar self-propelled guns. Such a sample is actually a replacement for towed guns. A separate tractor is replaced by a carrier vehicle, which provides an increase in part of the characteristics at a reasonable project cost.
Also, "Malva" can be considered as an intermediate link between self-propelled guns and towed guns. Combining the features and characteristics of these two classes, 2S43 can take on some of the combat missions, the solution of which with the help of existing artillery is difficult or impractical.
near perspective
Thus, the Russian defense industry continues to develop promising artillery systems of various kinds and develops new directions for itself. For the first time in domestic practice, the project of a wheeled self-propelled gun has successfully passed through all stages of development and testing, and in the near future new equipment is expected in the troops.
Combat vehicles of the new model 2S43 "Malva" will have a positive impact on the overall capabilities and potential of the artillery formations of our army. In addition, with their help, it will be possible to gain experience in the use of such equipment and evaluate it in conditions as close as possible to real ones - or even as part of a military operation. Based on the results of these events, the army will be able to draw conclusions and determine ways for the further development of self-propelled artillery, including the wheeled direction.
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