Prospects and opportunities for anti-ship missiles "Snake"

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Prospects and opportunities for anti-ship missiles "Snake"
Launch of an experimental rocket "Zircon" by a surface ship


A year ago, it became known that the Russian defense industry was developing a promising missile system with hypersonic munition "Zmeevik". Only the most general information was disclosed, and new information has not yet been received. However, such a project is still of great interest. In addition, judging by the known data, it can be expected that work on this complex will be completed in the near future, and in addition, new data will appear.



Big news


The first and, in fact, the only information about the project with the cipher "Snake" (probably referring to the mineral serpentinite) was published on July 12, 2022 by the TASS news agency. They were received from two unnamed sources close to the Ministry of Defense and the military-industrial complex. At the same time, the organization that can deal with the new project refrained from commenting.

According to TASS sources, the development of the Serpentine project began a long time ago. Its goal is to create an anti-ship complex armed with a ballistic missile with hypersonic combat equipment. Such anti-ship missiles can enter service with missile units of the coastal troops of the Navy. Whether surface ships or submarines will be able to receive it is not specified.

The performance characteristics of the complex, even approximate ones, are not named. However, the sources mentioned that in terms of its parameters, the Russian “Zmeevik” will be similar to similar Chinese systems DF-21D and DF-26, for which a flight range of up to 4 thousand km is declared. The warhead will be able to hit large surface targets, up to aircraft carriers.


Sources did not name the organization that developed the new project. At the same time, the TASS agency tried to get a comment about the project from the Reutov NPO Mashinostroeniya (part of the Tactical Missiles Corporation), which plays a key role in the Russian hypersonic program. The company declined to comment.

The only source of


News about the development of a promising missile system with hypersonic equipment and special characteristics naturally attracted the attention of the public and specialists. Attempts have been made to analyze, as well as assumptions and forecasts. It is possible that some of the versions expressed then were close to the truth, but, for obvious reasons, it was not possible to find out about this.

It is curious that last year's note from TASS remained the only source of information about the Serpentine project. In the future, new messages about this project, official or from anonymous sources, have not been received. Apparently, this is due to the general secrecy of work and other aspects of the creation of advanced weapons. Accordingly, new information should appear only after the project reaches the appropriate stage.


It should be noted that a whole year has already passed since the first mention of the Serpentine. During this time, a promising project could seriously move forward - especially considering that TASS sources mentioned its long-standing start. Judging by the pace of development of modern domestic hypersonic weapons, work on the Serpentine is in an active stage. Already in the foreseeable future, the project will show the first serious successes that can be shared with the public.

According to known data


Little is known about the Serpentine project, but the available data allow us to paint a rough picture. In addition, one can imagine what advantages such a missile system will have and why it is of interest to our Navy.

It is reported that the basis of the Zmeevik complex will be a ballistic missile with hypersonic combat equipment. At the same time, the architecture of such a missile, the flight profile, as well as the method for obtaining and using hypersonic flight speed are unknown. Its tactical and technical characteristics and the combat potential of the complex as a whole depend on such features of the product. However, all possible architectures and variants of such a complex have their advantages and allow you to effectively deal with surface targets.

It could be a "conventional" medium-range or shorter-range ballistic missile. With the usual trajectory for such equipment, the warhead develops hypersonic speed in the descending section. The warhead can be controlled and have the ability to actively maneuver. In this case, the rocket will become quasi-ballistic and will receive additional capabilities.


Coastal missile system "Bastion" with the missile "Onyx"

As far as is known, the Chinese projects of the Dongfeng series, which TASS sources recalled, use precisely such principles and flight profiles. At the same time, high range characteristics were achieved and the accuracy corresponding to the tasks set was declared. The warheads of such missiles are capable of hitting even moving surface targets from the upper hemisphere.

A missile system of this kind needs a guided or gliding warhead. Russian industry has the technology and know-how to create such a product, and samples of this class are already being put into service. It can be assumed that borrowing a finished block in other projects is impossible or impractical, and the Serpentine will receive its own combat load.

Regardless of the exact technical characteristics of the flight profile, hypersonic equipment will be distinguished by high combat qualities. So, it will reduce the time of attack and hitting the target, incl. at maximum range. In addition, the kinetic energy of the warhead with a speed of more than 5 M is sufficient to cause serious damage to the target. A warhead in the size of a modern Russian anti-ship missile is capable of damaging and incapacitating even a large ship, up to an aircraft carrier. At the same time, it can carry a warhead that enhances the effect on the target.

Accommodation questions


It is mentioned that "Zmeevik" can be a coastal missile system. This option for placing a new anti-ship missile is of great interest. Thanks to him, a defense system with special combat characteristics will appear at the disposal of the coastal troops of the Navy. In key parameters, the Zmeevik surpasses modern coastal complexes, including the most advanced Bastion with the Onyx missile. The presence of several different missile defense systems and missiles will make it possible to create a more effective layered defense system capable of holding the enemy at a great distance from the coast.


The combat unit of the Avangard complex is possibly an analogue of the future Serpentine

It is noteworthy that TASS sources did not mention the possibility of deploying the new anti-ship missiles on other platforms, but did not reject it either. This may indicate the fundamental possibility of deploying the missile on surface ships or even submarines. However, the development of such a missile system may not be feasible - the surface forces already have the Zircon hypersonic missile, and the submarine fleet will receive it in the near future.

However, it cannot be ruled out that in the end the Serpentine will be placed on the platforms of all major classes. In this case, both coastal troops and pennants will receive echeloned strike capabilities. fleet. This will significantly improve the combat potential of the Navy as a whole and create a serious reserve for the distant future.

Secret prospects


For a long time, Russian scientific and design organizations have been dealing with hypersonic topics. Several models of weapons of this kind have already been developed, and they are entering the troops. Obviously, work continues, and new projects are being created that will allow for rearmament in the distant future.

Among the promising developments, there may be the Zmeevik project, which was mentioned only once last year. Very little is known about it yet, but the available information shows that such a complex is important and necessary for our fleet. And the value of such weapons fully justifies the current secrecy.
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  1. 0
    5 July 2023 04: 34
    It is interesting how the problem of guidance in the final section of the trajectory will be solved. All the same, high temperatures and ionization create serious problems for the seeker. Unless there will be a correction from the satellite. But he immediately becomes a weak link in the system.
    1. +2
      5 July 2023 05: 31
      In Russia, plasma antenna technology has long been developed. If it was brought to mind, then the hypersonic unit sees everything perfectly. But they brought it or not - everything is silent.
    2. +7
      5 July 2023 07: 22
      Quote: scientist
      All the same, high temperatures and ionization create serious problems for the seeker.

      The coil is only effective if there is good cooling. wink
      1. -1
        5 July 2023 11: 14
        Anti-ship missiles Serpentine with a range of 4000 km further evolution and replacement of anti-ship missiles P-1000 Vulkan in the same dimensions
        BOD pr.1155 (8 pcs.), Destroyer pr. 956 (2 pcs.), Cruisers pr.1164 (2 pcs.) with inclined launchers - will still serve
        1. +1
          5 July 2023 12: 28
          It is high time to write off these ships, because. their combat effectiveness is near zero. This is especially true for Project 956 destroyers, which spent 80% of their service under repair due to the "brilliant" decision of the developers - to install an antediluvian and capricious KTU instead of a GTU. Only BOD 1151.1 "Admiral Chabanenko" can be considered more or less combat-ready after modernization and overhaul.
          As for the Vulkan missiles, their remnants can be used as part of the NMD for strikes against critical infrastructure and important military facilities.
          1. +1
            6 July 2023 04: 24
            Quote from Red Hunter
            Only BOD 1151.1 "Admiral Chabanenko" can be considered more or less combat-ready after modernization and overhaul.

            Why only? And why did the modernized "Shaposhnikov" not please you? For both ships, only air defense remained a weak point, but considerable strike capabilities appeared, while very good anti-submarine ones remained.
            1. 0
              6 July 2023 14: 03
              Anti-ship missiles Serpentine will breathe new life into the BOD pr.1155 and Destroyers pr.956
              and over time, we will replace air defense with them:
              4 AK-630s for 2 ZRPK Pantsir-M = 64 missiles with a range of 20 km
              8 launchers of the Kinzhal air defense system for 64 missiles with a range of 12 km for 4 or 8 launchers of the Redoubt air defense system for 32/64 missiles with a range of 200 km
              1. +1
                7 July 2023 00: 26
                Quote: Romario_Argo
                Anti-ship missiles Serpentine will breathe new life into the BOD pr.1155 and Destroyers pr.956

                That is unlikely .
                Quote: Romario_Argo
                and over time, we will replace air defense with them:

                These ships of the resource, even after overhaul, for 10 years, at most - 15. No one will start such a deep modernization for the sake of this. However, instead of part of the Kinzhal launcher, the Shtilya launcher can be installed on the second pair of upgraded BODs and the number of UKKS will be increased to 4 pcs. (32 cells) . Instead of the "Meteli" launchers, the Kh-35 launchers will stand, and another pair of Kh-35 launchers in place of the old TAs. "Package-NK".
                And no "Pantsir-M" - they are heavy and there is nowhere to put them.
                Quote: Romario_Argo
                Pantsir-M = 64 missiles with a range of 20 km

                Pantsir-M has a maximum missile range of up to 40 km. There are three types of missiles with ranges of 40, 20 and 10 km. And if there are "Nails" in the BC, then the total number of missiles in the BC will be seriously larger.
                And if you put two "Pantsir-M" on the BOD, say above / behind the helicopter hangar and in place of the "Dagger" launcher on the tank, then all the other "Dagger" launchers can be safely picked out as unnecessary.
                Quote: Romario_Argo
                8 PU SAM Redoubt

                For the "Redoubt" with SD missiles, the "Polyment" radar is needed, and this is a radical alteration of the ship, which, together with everything else, will pull 70 - 80% of the cost of the new ship. For the sake of extending the resource for 10-15 years, no one will pay for this. By the way, the modernization period will be approximately equal to the construction period of a new ship.
                Quote: Romario_Argo
                SAM Redoubt with a range of 200 km

                The "Redoubt" has a range of medium-range missiles up to 120 - 150 km.
                They can put "Shtil" on the BOD, because for it the radar is cheaper and can be installed without a radical restructuring of the mast.
          2. NKT
            +1
            6 July 2023 09: 34
            the "brilliant" decision of the developers - to put an antediluvian and capricious KTU instead of a gas turbine.

            This was not a development decision, but Gorshkov himself, perhaps the most optimal solution at that time.
            1. +1
              7 July 2023 00: 34
              Quote: NKT
              Gorshkov himself, it is possible that at that time the most optimal solution.

              It's just that at that time "Zarya-Mashproekt" could not provide all the GTU ships under construction, so they decided to build destroyers at KTU. True, that KTU was designed for such steam temperatures ... as in a nuclear power plant, so the requirements for cleaning and preparing water were very high. And the maintenance of KTU required a very qualified and responsible attitude. And here, after the collapse of the USSR, conscripts in the Navy began to serve for 1 year !! Instead of 3 years under the USSR. These Arkharovites ruined excellent KTUs on destroyers. The Chinese still have them like cucumbers, they modernized them, and KTUs serve wonderfully.
              But this created crap when supplying ships at sea. When, as part of one KUG, ships with GTU, KTU and diesel engines ... very convenient.
        2. +1
          6 July 2023 04: 22
          Quote: Romario_Argo
          Anti-ship missiles Serpentine with a range of 4000 km further evolution and replacement of anti-ship missiles P-1000 Vulkan in the same dimensions

          Do you want to say that this is just a larger version of the Zircon?
          Do you know this for sure?
          And then in the article the author presses precisely on its ballistic nature.
          Quote: Romario_Argo
          BOD project 1155 (8 pcs.)

          There are already 7 of them. and at the same time, two have already undergone modernization, two more have gone into modernization, and after the modernization they have no inclined launchers, except for the Kh-35 anti-ship missiles.
          Quote: Romario_Argo
          Destroyer project 956 (2 pcs.)

          It’s not funny, they have “Mosquitoes”, which, during the overhaul of the “Sarych” of the Northern Fleet, can also be replaced with Kh-35 launchers.
          Quote: Romario_Argo
          Cruisers pr.1164 (2 pcs.) With inclined launchers - they will still serve

          They would stand the day, but hold out the night. Namely, until the end of this decade. And get 22350M to replace it.
          Quote: Romario_Argo
          range of 4000 km

          On hypersonic?
          There are no exact data. If an analogue of the Chinese DF-21D and DF-26 is being created (and their missiles were created on the basis of Soviet developments), then they will simply take the IRBM as a basis, say, developed, tested, but not launched into the "Frontier" series and add a controlled or planning unit to it . Yes, and in a nuclear version, because it is better to hit the enemy’s AUG and KUG in bulk. And for ground targets, such a missile may seem more interesting than just a ballistic one - maneuvering in the last section of the trajectory will make it very difficult to intercept it by missile defense systems.
    3. 0
      5 July 2023 09: 31
      The speed of the warhead in the lower atmosphere is significantly reduced, so the plasma cloud around it disappears. Target designation can be carried out from a satellite, aircraft and over-the-horizon radar
  2. +15
    5 July 2023 05: 07
    Reading Ryabov's articles without a gram of specifics, Blotkashka is always remembered - "Yes, I can do that."
  3. +4
    5 July 2023 05: 47
    However, the sources mentioned that in terms of its parameters, the Russian “Zmeevik” will be similar to similar Chinese systems DF-21D and DF-26,

    Since when did Russian missile systems start to look like Chinese ones? It has always been and will continue to be the other way around.
    It looks like the author just copied someone's foreign writings.
    ps VO administration! Please return "-" to mark articles!
    1. -1
      5 July 2023 09: 03
      Since when did Russian missile systems start to look like Chinese ones?

      Russian pride wounded?
      Please let me heal you - this is not China.

      Pancakes, or frogs, is an entertainment that consists in throwing flat stones (or other objects) into the water in such a way that the stone bounces (bounces off the surface of the water) several times before sinking. The more jumps the stone makes, the more successful the launch. Each jump of the stone is called a "pancake". In English, entertainment is called "stone skipping" (English stone skipping).

      You should not give up this practice just because we do it in China. In fact, it is also your childhood life, which is not exclusive to us Chinese.
    2. +2
      5 July 2023 09: 38
      Once the USSR was a pioneer in the creation of anti-ship ballistic missiles. Half a century ago, the R-27K missile was created, capable of destroying surface targets with a direct hit. For some reason, this topic died out in our country, but the Chinese took over the baton. Now the PLA has many missiles in service, which are sharpened to destroy large surface targets.
      1. +3
        5 July 2023 23: 18
        Quote from Red Hunter
        Half a century ago, the R-27K missile was created, capable of destroying surface targets with a direct hit.

        Could not. The last stage of targeting is from space, passive radar. That is, a direct hit even on a target standing still was not guaranteed (taking into account the QUO).
        Quote from Red Hunter
        For some reason, this topic has died out for us.

        Due to the unsuitability of the rocket.
        Quote from Red Hunter
        but the Chinese took over

        I have a suspicion, turning into a strong belief, that the Chinese made the rocket as a political weapon. And not a military one, and she really has a chance to get somewhere in a real battle ... Not from the word "absolutely".
        1. +1
          6 July 2023 04: 36
          Quote: Andrey from Chelyabinsk
          I could not.

          Quote: Andrey from Chelyabinsk
          Due to the unsuitability of the rocket.

          Quote: Andrey from Chelyabinsk
          she really has a chance to get somewhere in a real battle ... No from the word "completely

          This is indeed a technically very difficult task ... but you can also use a special warhead. And even a few, and dissolve them like a fan. Tea destruction of the AUG is worth it.
          Maybe the Chinese have thought of this before? But they keep quiet about special equipment?
          Maybe we are sculpting something similar in the light of the inevitability of war with the United States and NATO?
          1. +3
            6 July 2023 08: 20
            Good morning! hi
            Quote: bayard
            but you can also use a special warhead. And even a few, and dissolve them like a fan. Tea destruction of AUG is worth it

            But how to say? :))) It all depends on the control center and the data transfer rate. You yourself can see very well that the longer the reaction time, the less likely it is to hit the target. And with target designation at long distances, the Chinese are not bad, but very bad. Will a special warhead help here? Recall that there were not so rare cases when our MRA regiments struck "for nothing", like there was an AUG here, but it is no longer there, although the distances were not at all 4000 km, and the number of reconnaissance officers in the Pacific Fleet was .. . essential. And in the case of the R-27K missile with its passive radar, it’s generally difficult to catch something, the AUGs go in radio silence at the transition, at best they will aim at the patrol radar ship, or even not at all. Again, a drin flying 4000 km will detect the early warning system, and if the launch is massive, and even during the war, who will figure it out there, is this a local attack on AB, or has Armageddon begun?
            Ours just understood that for ballistic anti-ship missiles, nuclear weapons give only a shadow of a chance for success, it is necessary to target warheads in the final section of the trajectory + the inability to distinguish from the use of strategic nuclear forces, so they went into winged anti-ship missiles. Makeevtsy later worked on the topic of guidance through a plasma cocoon, but the matter stalled, as it is now - I don’t know, but I don’t think that the Chinese have resolved the issue.
            1. 0
              6 July 2023 23: 50
              Quote: Andrey from Chelyabinsk
              .And with target designation at long distances, the Chinese are not bad, but very bad.

              But they are making significant progress. Only a satellite, or rather their grouping, can help with guidance in the final section. With the transfer of data directly to the GOS of the rocket before it enters the dense layers of the atmosphere. A direct hit on a moving ship / AB is unlikely, but a nuclear warhead can completely fix things. And if there are several BBs, then you can cover the whole area, along with escort ships. But I’m already looking at it on a Soviet scale ... but now there’s no way without such an approach. AB and their AUG will need to be knocked out in the first phase, because after the destruction of the satellite constellations, there will be no one to indicate the targets. And the surviving AUGs in the second / third phase of blood can drink a lot.
              1. +2
                7 July 2023 12: 21
                Quote: bayard
                But they are making significant progress.

                Yes, everything is so, but so far I do not see the prerequisites for the creation by China of a constellation of satellites capable of detecting and giving control to AUS in the ocean in this way. It is clear that everything flows and everything changes, but so far they do not have this.
                Quote: bayard
                A direct hit on a moving ship / AB is unlikely, but a nuclear warhead can completely fix things. And if there are several BBs

                I agree with your reasoning, but, frankly, I don’t see much sense in this for China. A nuclear war is completely hopeless for them due to the extreme vulnerability of the infrastructure, and there are not so many nuclear weapons, here, as for me, it is necessary to invest in strategic nuclear forces in order to prevent it.
                1. 0
                  8 July 2023 11: 57
                  In your opinion, how promising are Lozinsky's Spiral-type spaceplanes, only simplified (unmanned, with modern electronics) as reconnaissance-target designators?
  4. +3
    5 July 2023 06: 11
    Perhaps this is the development of the Soviet ballistic anti-ship missile project. Although it asks for universalization in PU. In any case, a medium-range ballistic missile will appear.
  5. Eug
    +1
    5 July 2023 06: 12
    A song by A. Novikov comes to mind with the words

    "stone-cutters reaped glory
    and inhaling poison
    fitted to frame
    poisonous snake."

    Good luck to the "stone cutters", a high-quality "frame" and so that the "serpentine" becomes a potent poison for enemies. Seriously, I don’t really understand the difference between the principles and methods of guidance and target designation of the Serpentine and Zircon, the problems have been solved for the Zmeevik, I’m sure that for the Serpentine too.
    1. -2
      5 July 2023 09: 05
      On the issue of detection, indication and guidance, if a missile flies 4000 km along a ballistic trajectory, then in principle it itself can find large targets in the ocean from space and adjust the trajectory, that is, it can be launched into the square where enemy ships are supposed to be. If the warhead speed is high, then the fall time in the atmospheric layers will be tens of seconds, and the minimum aircraft carrier maneuver takes five minutes or more, which means that the aircraft carrier does not have time to maneuver and avoid being hit, so guidance in the final section may not be required.
      1. +4
        5 July 2023 15: 32
        Quote: agond
        the aircraft carrier does not have time to maneuver and avoid being hit, so guidance in the final section may not be required.

        An error in the bearing to the target of 0,1 * at a distance of 4000 km will give such a lateral deviation that the BB (in the form of a GZ glider) runs the risk of not even getting into the area where the target is likely to be. Therefore, additional search for a target and correction of the aiming point with the help of the GOS are necessary! I'm not talking about errors in determining the EDC! They can "endure" the trajectory of the GZR flight so much that even with the help of correction you cannot choose an error in aiming. Therefore, only the GOS will be able to choose it. Without this, shooting at a moving target such as AVU even using SBP is a dubious pleasure, I will tell you!
        AHA.
  6. 0
    5 July 2023 19: 47
    It should be noted that a whole year has already passed since the first mention of the Serpentine. During this time, a promising project could seriously move forward - especially considering that TASS sources mentioned its long-standing start. Judging by the pace of development of modern domestic hypersonic weapons, work on the Serpentine is in an active stage. Already in the foreseeable future, the project will show the first serious successes that can be shared with the public.
    A set of assumptions, not facts ...
  7. 0
    5 July 2023 20: 26
    If we again make ballistic anti-ship missiles, then it’s not worth putting them on ships (there are few carriers, it’s hard to adapt, it’s also serviceable), but it’s worth increasing the range and placing them somewhere in Siberia, all the same, speed will allow you to reach the target area for half an hour, even at a speed of 30, the AUG catch will not particularly wash off anywhere. Naturally, the warhead is nuclear - here the savings can go sideways, plus the carrier itself is also not cheap. In addition to the actual missiles with warheads, we need a rocket with an additional reconnaissance unit, which would be launched first, slow down in the upper atmosphere, and itself carry a radar, REM facilities and a means of transmitting information to a "bus" / glider with a warhead. He must carry out additional reconnaissance and issue correction parameters to warheads. Even if some SM-3 destroys it later, it doesn't matter after the correction is issued. And you won’t be able to bring him down quickly - high. It would also be nice to provide a missile for objective control of the results, but it is difficult to imagine how to deliver information from it without using a repeater satellite. And you can't count on a satellite. Missiles with warheads must be launched with such an interval that nuclear explosions of the first do not disable subsequent ones. They may need to implement a data retransmission mechanism to correct the trajectory.
    1. 0
      7 July 2023 15: 10
      Quote: Boa constrictor KAA
      An error in the bearing to the target of 0,1 * at a distance of 4000 km will give such a lateral deviation that the BB (in the form of a GZ glider) runs the risk of not even getting into the area where the target is likely to be.

      Let's compare the angular dimensions of the target and everything will become clear
      --at a distance of 100m, you can hit a target with a diameter of 5cm from a rifle "with eye bearing determination", that is, the target (10000cm divided by 5cm = 2000) is 2000 times less than the distance
      --an aircraft carrier has a deck width of 80m, which means that at a distance of 80m x 2000=160 km the deck width will have the same angular size as the target in the first case. (The ideal case is if the aircraft carrier's heading is close to the plane of the warhead trajectory)
      Thus, the warhead can adjust its orbit to about 160 km and a little lower, then it flies without adjustments, if we assume a descent speed of 5 km / s, then it will take 30 s, this is very little for an aircraft carrier to maneuver.
  8. 0
    14 August 2023 07: 21
    here is the khan with a large nk. I wonder how the aircraft carrier sect them will now get out and deny the reality. Timokhin and other adherents of marine mri. tracking satellite constellations, hypersonic anti-ship missiles, many thousands of kilometers of range of destruction ... it was said a long time ago - an aircraft carrier in our time is a weapon of colonial wars, nothing more.
  9. 0
    27 September 2023 00: 45
    Who said that this is being built for the Navy? A medium-range quasi-ballistic missile... the warhead weighs at least a ton... and there are a lot of targets for it on land, from bridges, tunnels, bunkers on Bankovaya. So, this is a shadow on the fence with a bypass of the ban on medium-range weapons.
  10. 0
    2 December 2023 01: 58
    By common sense, the Serpentine is simply a smaller copy of the Vanguard.
    As for aiming, the Dagger hits the peg. And it was originally planned as an anti-ship missile. The range of the Dagger is 2 - 000 km. depending on the medium. So there is a guidance system.
    In the case of the Serpentine, the carrier is some kind of ballistic missile. So the range can be any. They could take any documentation on the RSD as a basis. There was time to create it and test it for a range of up to 500 km from land or more from the sea. Then put a GZ block on it. They could have stupidly used the Mace. It seems like they brought her to mind. The performance characteristics are not record-breaking, but for such a case - more than. You can put more than one GZ block on the Mace.
    If at the end it (like Vanguard) goes from Mach 20, then it is not necessary to put explosives in the warhead. You can pour half a ton of concrete. It will penetrate any trough from deck to bottom with a whistle. Just a joke, if anything.
    If used by land, then, of course, explosives.