The development of domestic hypersound is a reality

37


Dmitry Rogozin 19 September 2012 of the year in Tula at the visiting session of the military-industrial commission made a statement that in the very near future we can expect the creation of a Russian holding company that will be engaged in the development of hypersonic technologies.

Vice Prime Minister named the enterprises that will be included in its composition. So, in particular, it will be attended by such developers weapons, as NPO Mashinostroyenia (which is to withdraw from Roskosmos) and Tactical Missiles Corporation. The newly formed holding is supposed to be located in the structure of the Ministry of Trade and Industry. According to Rogozin, such an industrial association took shape a long time ago, the problem consisted only in certain legal problems that are currently being resolved. In addition, the Almaz-Antey concern, which is currently engaged in aerospace and missile defense systems, will actively take part in the cooperation.

As the Deputy Prime Minister stated, at the time when the idea of ​​creating a holding had just appeared, the leadership of Roskosmos was against the release of MIC NPO Mashinostroyenia OJSC, because this company was integrated into the rocket industry. However, later, during the preparation of the reform of The NGO dropped out of Roscosmos. Previously, the association was engaged in the creation of coastal missile systems "Bastion", but later it specialized only in the creation of the Condor E remote sensing system. This system will be completed, NGOs will specialize exclusively in combat components, but no longer part of Roskosmos. It is the merger of enterprises, not their absorption, which, in the end, according to Rogozin, will create prospects for the development of hypersonic technologies.

The ideas of Rogozin are supported by Igor Korotchenko, who is the chairman of the Public Council under the Ministry of Defense of Russia, a military expert, the editor-in-chief of the National Defense publication and the director of the Center for Analysis of the World Arms Trade. According to him, the merger of enterprises into a single holding will provide an opportunity to concentrate funding on the most promising programs to create new types of weapons, including those based on hypersound principles. The holding may become the main center for the development of tactical and strategic weapons in the country. In addition, Korotchenko said, both enterprises that will be included in the holding have very great potential, which will allow them to focus their main efforts on developing the most priority programs aimed at developing promising new weapons, which in turn will create new prospects for the development of the national defense complex. .

It is assumed that Boris Obnosov, who currently holds the position of Director General of Tactical Missile Weapons - a person who has vast experience in the military-missile system, a competent qualified engineer, will head the holding.

It should also be noted that Rogozin is not the first time interested in the development and possibilities of using hypersonic technologies. So, in particular, in May of this year, he made a statement that the successes of the Americans, which they can achieve before the 2015 year, will become a real threat to Russia. He stressed that Russia in this area lags far behind the United States of America, since research in the field of hypersonic technology in Russia was resumed only in 2009 year. In his opinion, this lag was caused primarily by the wrong decisions of the Soviet leadership in the late 80-s of the XX century, which decided to stop research. Therefore, the Deputy Prime Minister made a proposal to raise the development of hypersonic weapons to the highest state level.

Meanwhile, according to experts, it is the Americans who are currently leaders in the development of hypersonic technology. Over the past decade in America, about 2 billions of dollars have been spent on programs for creating hypersonic aircraft. And more recently, tests were conducted hypersonic American missile WaveRider X-51, which, however, ended in failure. This rocket can reach speeds of up to 6900 kilometers per hour, that is, several times higher than the speed of sound. According to the designers' plans, this drone should be an alternative system to ballistic intercontinental missiles with nuclear warheads. Well, they still have time to correct mistakes and miscalculations.

And finally, I would like to remind you of some achievements in the development of hypersonic technologies.

The first developments in this area were the development of Soviet designers, which began in the 50-ies of the twentieth century. The speed of hypersonic devices of that time was five times the speed of sound. The first experience in the field of hypersound was “Spiral” - an aerospace system that was an orbital plane that was launched at a height of about 30 kilometers from a hypersonic plane. According to the researchers, its speed was 6 times the speed of sound (about seven thousand kilometers per hour). But then the “Spiral”, which was created, as a response to the Americans on the X-20 Dyna Soar, could not fly (as did the American version).

More real-world tests of hypersonic technology were conducted at the very end of the existence of the Soviet Union. At the end of November 1991, the first flight of the “Cold” took place - a flying laboratory that was created on the basis of the 5В28 C-200 anti-aircraft missile, which was outdated by that time. The tests were conducted at the Sary-Shagan test site. The choice of the C-200 as the basis was dictated primarily by the technical and flight characteristics of the complex, as well as the fact that it began to be massively decommissioned and replaced with the C-300.

The main component of the laboratory is a straight-through hypersonic jet-air engine capable of accelerating the carrier up to a speed exceeding the speed of sound several times at a height of the order of 20-35 kilometers. Before 1999, a number of tests were carried out, which proved to be very successful. At the same time, it was possible to reach speeds of about 1900 kilometers per hour. But then all further developments of hypersonic technologies were curtailed due to the economic crisis of 1998.

The fact of what actually happened in Russia during the 2000-2010 period is not known for certain. But, according to the information that is publicly available, you can identify several main directions of development of hypersound. These are, first of all, combat maneuvering blocks for ballistic intercontinental land-based and sea-based missiles. They have much larger dimensions and weight, but they are capable of maneuvering in the atmosphere, which makes it impossible to intercept them with missile defense systems. In addition to these blocks, the Zirkon anti-ship missile complex with a hypersonic rocket, which is engaged in by the NPO Mashinostroyenia, is in the process of development. It is based on the Yakhont / Onyx supersonic anti-aircraft complex, and it should also serve as the basis for a hypersonic rocket, which is being developed by the efforts of Russia and India.

In addition to these projects, there is also an air base missile system, the name of which is still unknown. The rocket of this complex should reach speed, more than the speed of sound in 13 times. Its development is also involved in the corporation "TRV".

Thus, if all these projects are combined into a single holding, the result can be much more efficient, because a ship-based, airborne, and perhaps land-based, hypersonic missile can be created. Indeed, today, according to experts, the main problem for Russia is the creation of hypersonic vehicles in America as part of the Prompt Global Strike project - a high-precision non-nuclear weapon system with which you can hit any point on the globe within one hour. And if such a system is created, Russia will be able to respond only with intercontinental ballistic missiles ...

Materials used:
http://www.odnako.org/blogs/show_21134/
http://smart-lab.ru/print/79981.php
http://gunm.ru/news/russkij_giperzvuk/2012-04-17-1009
http://www.golosscience.com/?p=3105
37 comments
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  1. nickname 1 and 2
    +1
    7 November 2012 09: 09
    **** The main problem for Russia is the creation of hypersonic devices in America as part of the Prompt Global Strike project, a high-precision non-nuclear weapon system that can be used to hit anywhere in the world within one hour. ****

    Yes - the powder must be kept dry !!!! Rest only in our dreams! am

    There is a suspicion that they will fly (at least in the beginning) anywhere! So, is the time for dugouts coming?
    1. 0
      7 November 2012 16: 26
      Surely it will work out if you combine it, the main thing is not to start figuring out "who is more important" ...
  2. snek
    +5
    7 November 2012 09: 33
    The first experience in the field of hypersound was the Spiral, an aerospace system that consisted of an orbital plane, which launched at an altitude of about 30 kilometers from a hypersonic aircraft.

    The development of the spiral began in the 66th (the general idea was considered in 63-64) and the x-15 already flew into the 59th, and reached a speed of 61 km / h at 5.585, so that about the primacy of the spiral in hypersound is a moot point .
    And if the X-20 really did not fly space, then the X-23 was launched (the machine, like our Bor was unmanned)
    1. Edya
      0
      11 November 2012 17: 55
      I wonder if they reached the current stealth, as in the comics, what will they do?))
  3. Lavrik
    +2
    7 November 2012 10: 09
    "The tactical and technical assignment for the construction of modernized Kazan-class submarines includes the requirement to equip them with high-precision ultra-high-speed missile weapons."
    Military Review, News "Events," Project 885M Kazan nuclear submarine will be the first 4th generation submarine of the Russian Navy with completely new technical equipment "
    9.09.12g
  4. +2
    7 November 2012 10: 13
    As far as I know in the USSR, hypersound was a reality. The tests were carried out and very successfully (X-90 flight). It's just that one traitor named Gorbachev closed this topic. By the way, the Soviet project on hypersonic systems for our "potential partners" was called "Koala". There are many very interesting discoveries and developments, including those on controlled plasma; flights in the stratosphere, etc.
  5. 0
    7 November 2012 10: 13
    touched the Soviet scientists there is a basis for the creation of modern weapons, where did those minds that almost always held the palm have gone
  6. FID
    +4
    7 November 2012 10: 40
    The development of domestic hypersound is a reality. What is the author’s confidence based on? At the merger, acquisition, collaboration ..... of several enterprises in the rocket industry? So in this industry is not so good. There are no personnel, no modern equipment, technology has been lost (I hope not quite). There are not so many scientists working in the field of hypersound, engineers - most likely very few. The creation of a single holding, according to the author, is a panacea for all ills. But such a holding, even a corporation, called UAC, is already there. The results are the result of all kinds of departments, sub-departments, centers of competencies, etc. etc. The work is not visible, but the corporation exists. Wouldn't it be the same?
  7. +8
    7 November 2012 10: 56
    If we evaluate the work in this area by open sources, we can distinguish the following areas.
    1Development of a hypersonic missile for an air defense system . Within the framework of the program “Cold” (the study of supersonic combustion), a flying laboratory based on 5V28 missiles was created. At start up. a speed of 1830 m / s (M = 6,5) was achieved with a maximum flight altitude of 27,1 km, and the scramjet operation time was 77 s;
    2.development of hypersonic missiles for aircraft interception systems. For testing, the MiG-31D (previously developed as a carrier of an anti-satellite missile) and the hypersonic laboratory VLL-AS (GLL-31) are used. Developers LII, ICB "Fakel". Flight tests were conducted in 2004. These tests are closed. There is indirect evidence of the success of the tests based on Putin's statements.
    3.Development of a strategic missile system, which is able to hit targets at intercontinental depth with hypersonic speed and high accuracy, with the possibility of deep maneuver both in height and course. Project "Needle" includes ICBMs and hypersonic aircraft, the speed of which exceeds the speed of sound by 10-15 times. In 2004, reports appeared in the press about the tests of the Topol-M with such a GLA;
    4Development of a hypersonic cruise missile for long-range aviation... In the early 1990s, a new class system was developed at the Raduga Design Bureau - a hypersonic experimental aircraft, also known as the AS-19 Koala (Kh-90) cruise missile. The device is about 12 m long and is equipped with a hypersonic jet engine that uses hydrocarbon fuel. It is launched from the Tu-95 carrier aircraft. After dropping the GELA, the triangular folding wing and vertical tail are opened, a solid-propellant engine located in the scramjet combustion chamber and accelerating the apparatus to supersonic speed is started. Then the main engine is put into operation, providing cruising hypersonic flight at M = 4 ... 5.
    There is another option that can be mentioned. Hypersonic experimental laboratory based on the X-22 from the Raduga Design Bureau and the Tu-22M3 carrier aircraft. In the simulated (scientific) version, the X-22 flies at an altitude of 25 - 35 kilometers at a speed of 6-8 M and is in this hypersonic mode for as long as 450 seconds - seven and a half minutes.
    NPOmash corporation is also doing something in this direction, and not only Bramos is finalizing it. If we raise and effectively use the remaining Soviet developments, organize a clear scientific and production system.
    This holding, which the article refers to in the article, is only the first step to concentrate all the remaining few personnel who were defeated by the Gorbachev Research Institute and Design Bureau, then after 5 years it is quite possible to reach a level comparable to the Americans, and the scientific and design groundwork is such that allows them to be left behind in the future.

    1. FID
      +3
      7 November 2012 11: 12
      Quote: Ascetic
      then after 5 years it’s quite possible to reach a level comparable to the Americans, and the scientific and design groundwork is such that it allows them to be left behind in the future.

      Greetings, Stanislav! 5 years - not too bold? At our level of funding, however, after the removal of Serdyukov, something may change for the better, but doubts, doubts, doubts ... Is the scientific potential lost? Indeed, so far, everything is based on SOVIET developments, and those scientific personnel have already been in great years.
      1. +6
        7 November 2012 12: 35
        FID,

        There was a strong school at the Keldysh Center - liquidated in 95-98
        There was a strong school at TsIAM - separate scientific areas remained
        There was a strong school in TsAGI - the old people retired, whether there is anyone unknown from the young.
        There was a group in Novosibirsk, I don’t know what the situation is now, but I think they didn’t survive, their funding was cut off first of all in the 90s, and they had very interesting work on “wave flights”. Although it seems now they want to transfer the topic to TRV.
        The only design bureau specializing in the development of SPVRD ("Buri", "Cuba", "Onyx" in particular) and the GPVRD was liquidated in 2003, not without the participation of managers of the TRV corporation from Bolshev.
        The surviving design bureaus (Novator, NPOMash, KBM, "Raduga"), as far as I know, did not have specialists in SPVRD (GPVRD) development, apparently who remained in Bolshevo.
        We did not have a specialized design bureau to develop this area today. Again, if Obnosov is approved as the main one and there is sufficient funding for hope, there is. This, in principle, has always been the main topic of the TRV and not of NGOs (strategists work there on hyperlinked BB). We also need a specialized testing ground. That’s exactly where five years will go. The whole basic basis for creating products directly is, only brains are needed for money and a state approach, and not cut and theft, coupled with the ambitions of the leading fire companies, which of them are cooler and more important in mastering government orders. Just here the figure of the curator of the military-industrial complex is important, can Rogozin be able to effectively resolve these issues and direct cash flows wherever needed? Let's see ... As my father says in the Soviet era, there were giants and now the pygmies are alone
        1. FID
          +4
          7 November 2012 12: 43
          Yes, some pygmies remained!
          1. +7
            7 November 2012 13: 23
            Quote: SSI
            Yes, some pygmies remained!


            Compare the level of the same Ustinov and Rogozin. On the scale and are not nearby.
            At 38, Stalin appointed him Commissar of Arms of the USSR two weeks before the war.
            He rose from a locksmith to the director of the Bolshevik plant in Leningrad. Well, Rogozin is just a well-educated product of the golden youth of the Soviet party elite. By the way, the same Ivashov was Ustinov's adjutant when he was the Minister of Defense of the USSR.
            1. FID
              +4
              7 November 2012 13: 29
              I totally agree with you! Ustinov “in his gut” sensed what was needed and what could be delayed. You will not find such a minister for armaments and a minister of defense today. I don't know, Shoigu, will he be able to match him? These are difficult times.
            2. bobon_
              +2
              7 November 2012 14: 34
              Well, why so pessimistic? ... they consider chickens in the fall .... well, or simply - each era has its own heroes and cardinals ...
              1. FID
                +2
                7 November 2012 15: 24
                If it’s not difficult, except for Chubais, whom can you give as an example?
  8. Evil Tatar
    0
    7 November 2012 11: 18
    In addition to these projects, there is also an air base missile system, the name of which is still unknown. The rocket of this complex should reach speed, more than the speed of sound in 13 times. Its development is also involved in the corporation "TRV".

    The complex already exists ...
    Its speed will be 13 times more than the speed of sound, but ...

    do not get tired of saying that Russia is still cast on the backlog ...)))))))))))))

    Smiled ...

    And myself, I feel, hi-hiking in the fist ...
    1. FID
      +3
      7 November 2012 11: 31
      More than 13M is 5 km / s (approximately), it is already close to space speeds. What materials are able to withstand the temperatures that arise when rubbing against air? Duration of flight at this speed? What engine (most likely ramjet), its operating time? There are a lot of questions, are there any answers?
      1. 0
        7 November 2012 15: 26
        If we suddenly don’t have such equipment, we will find out. Is it only from probable friends ... They say that for the disclosure of state secrets now sit longer and more fines.
      2. -2
        7 November 2012 15: 47
        The first space - this is 8km / s - is practically the speed of descent from the orbit of the Buran (Space Shuttle), so the question is:
        Quote: SSI
        What materials are able to withstand the temperatures that arise when rubbing against air?

        disappears.
        If a coolant is pumped under the skin of the same Buran, then the process is stable and not limited in time, so the question is:
        Quote: SSI
        Duration of flight at such a speed?

        disappears.
        The question remains (of yours):
        Quote: SSI
        What engine (most likely ramjet), its operating time?

        They already wrote about the Cold on the basis of the S-200, but it wasn’t brought to mind, but there were prospects, which means we are resolving this issue (but not resolved).

        Something like this.
        1. FID
          +2
          7 November 2012 18: 58
          Buran ... yes. Can you imagine him? This is the question of pumping the refrigerant, and not the coolant, I think so. What motors should be in order to disperse the Buran to hyper. Or is it just a matter of stalling from orbit? And by the way, up to 30% of the ceramic tiles of the shuttle lining changed after the flight, this is about the duration of the flight. Cold based S-200 .... Dimensions, dimensions ..
        2. 0
          7 November 2012 20: 05
          Quote: El13
          If the coolant is pumped under the skin of the same Buran, the process is stable and not limited in time

          And this coolant, where will the heat be removed? In a liquid vacuum? The clown is Wikipedia, learn physics in the school of Vali. laughing
          1. FID
            +1
            7 November 2012 20: 46
            Strongly you him, but essentially true, not only eat your head! +
          2. Dasha
            +2
            8 November 2012 11: 59
            Quote: yanus
            The clown is Wikipedia, learn physics in the school of Vali.

            You are so vain.
            The person (probably) had the following:
            The "coolant" removes 5000-6000k from the end, then heats up the working fluid (at such T, the metal can be used), it (the body) flows out of the nozzle.
            IMHO, the faster it moves, more resistance, more heat, more traction .... and so on to infinity.
            if only the atmosphere was, it is possible to give 20 and 30M.
            here a breakthrough - the perpetual motion machine of the second kind, in metal (chat)
            and you teach him physics. here is a breakthrough, everything
            Quote: yanus
            disappears.
            1. -2
              8 November 2012 19: 05
              Of course, I laughed at your meeting, but I stuck minuses ... By the way, I have a higher education in liquid rocket engines ... Good luck to you, clowns.

              PS At first there was a rush to write a serious answer, but then I wondered if there was anything superfluous, because the idea had been a breakthrough in its time, but now it might be from the category of state secrets. Yes, and the proverb about the beads remembered.
      3. Evil Tatar
        0
        8 November 2012 11: 18
        Quote: SSI
        More than 13M is 5 km / s (approximately), it is already close to space speeds. What materials are able to withstand the temperatures that arise when rubbing against air?

        Some variants of the S-300, S-400 missiles, not to mention the future S-500 missiles, have the ability to hit targets at speeds of up to 10 km / s ...
        And nothing, the materials were found.
        In addition, the article mentions the conditions for the movement of racket in a plasma field. Perhaps this effect can be compared with vacuum conditions?
  9. rolik
    +2
    7 November 2012 11: 47
    this speed is achieved by creating a plasma bubble around the object. Here we are the first. The mattress covers have taken a different path, they make the flight easier due to the "air lance", a rod attached to the nose of the device. By the way, the air spear, fat-ass, slammed again with us. In order to completely cover the object with plasma, information from the design bureau 2 years ago, it took 2 years)))) so that I think it is already on the way. Then the speed of 13-17 M. is quite real + invisibility (full) for enemy radars.
    1. +4
      7 November 2012 11: 51
      Quote: rolik
      Then the speed in the 13-17 M. is very real + stealth (complete) for enemy radars.

      From these words of yours I already have an imperial march (which is from Lucas' Star Wars) in my soul
      1. FID
        +1
        7 November 2012 11: 57
        If only they didn’t get to ~ 21M (this is already the 1st space), but let’s play the march, but only loudly.
        1. +2
          7 November 2012 12: 07
          And he plays so loud :)))
      2. rolik
        -1
        7 November 2012 15: 55
        Well then, who's stopping, get up and purr him out loud)))))
    2. +6
      7 November 2012 13: 39
      Quote: rolik
      By the way, the air spear, thick-assed, slammed again with us.


      The scramjet engine was slammed onto its X-51 and everything wasn’t on the line. Last year and this year they tested, both failed. They are planning another one in 2013, following which a decision will be made whether or not to continue this program.
      We conducted a similar test of a hypersonic missile in the late 80s, and then successfully Humpbacked closed everything for the sake of American friends, because the people being destroyed should not have any missiles.Americans are now simply repeating the path that our scientists and engineers took 20 years ago. Again, on our slammy developments.

      .
  10. tambu
    -1
    7 November 2012 12: 09
    A technically impossible task with the set of materials and technological capabilities that are currently available ... it’s from the side of the mass product ... it’s very interesting as experiments and single copies ...
  11. Lucky
    -1
    7 November 2012 13: 42
    I have a familiar scientist who works on this topic, says there is such a vacuum technology around the plane, rockets are being created, it flies there at hyper speeds, but they got it and it’s not dealing with this topic anymore! accordingly if vakum then there is a minimum fuel consumption!
  12. +2
    7 November 2012 13: 53
    "At the same time, we managed to reach a speed of about 1900 kilometers per hour."
    After that I quit reading. The author does not understand what he writes about.
    1. Kir
      +1
      7 November 2012 18: 46
      I also noticed this, but by the way, similar "bloopers" are found in others (look at least "Hellfire" - Hellfaerto we are talking about 1,1M then 425 m / s = 1,3M) most likely there is a mistake by the author , or "blind" transfer from the source.
      And as for the failures of our "friends" in the STRVD, what is it always better to be surprised at, especially since the Yankees are used to being guided by templates in many cases! According to some rumors, they could not even "understand" the Chizhevsky chandelier with its voltage, and here there are more complex matters, especially since they believe that virtually everything can be "done" on a computer.
      And with regards to how the organization or "association" of these will be called, as many have correctly noted, just to clarify the "interpersonal relations" the topic itself is not lost. and so let at least be called a pot!
      1. +1
        7 November 2012 19: 13
        Mmmm .. I, of course, may have misunderstood you, but why write that the author does not understand?
        As far as I remember, the swing number depends primarily on the pressure (i.e. altitude). Something like: "At a pressure of 1 atm (at the ground at sea level), the speed corresponding to M = 1 will be 331 m / s, or approximately 1192 km / h. However, if, for example, the aircraft instruments show the true speed aircraft 1070 km / h at an altitude of 11000 m, such an aircraft moves at a speed M> 1, that is, at a supersonic speed. "
        But they don’t tell us at what exact heights measurements are taking?


        Quote: ATATA
        "At the same time, we managed to reach a speed of about 1900 kilometers per hour."
        After that I quit reading.
        Something I did not understand why?
        1. 0
          8 November 2012 18: 22
          1900 km / h, this is just supersonic, it does not reach several times hypersound. If an author writes an article about hypersound, he should know that! In addition, writing about a speed of 1900 km / h as an achievement in the 90s is simply ridiculous. Look at the maximum speed of the Mig-25 serial interceptor, and he made his first flight in 1964.
          Changes in the speed of sound from altitude are not so significant, in comparison with presenting a speed of 1900 km / h, as achievements. At such a speed, the ram engine will not even work. This is quite an ordinary speed for modern fighters, incl. and for the 90s of the 20th century.
  13. Edya
    0
    7 November 2012 17: 59
    Dmitry Rogozin on September 19, 2012 in Tula during a retreat of the military-industrial commission made a statement that in the very near future we can expect the creation of a Russian holding company that will develop hypersonic technologies. The Deputy Prime Minister named the enterprises that will be part of it . So, in particular, it will be attended by such weapons developers as NPO Mashinostroyeniya (which should leave the Russian Space Agency) and Tactical Missile Weapons Corporation. The newly formed holding is supposed to be located in the structure of the Ministry of Trade and Industry. According to Rogozin, such an industrial association has developed for a long time, the problem was only in certain legal problems that are currently being addressed. In addition, the Almaz-Antey concern, which is currently involved in aerospace and missile defense systems, will actively participate in the cooperation.
  14. Kshatriy
    0
    7 November 2012 20: 30
    Somehow, everything is interesting to get off the phone ..... the end of the eighties ... the project "koala" is prohibited from development (testing of a hypersonic rocket with a hydrogen engine on the principle of pyrolysis of heavy hydrocarbons and movement in a plasma "cavern" ... !!!! The fundamental theory of a "plasma cavity" by a vile scum with a birthmark on a vile skull (Gorbachev ... you know) was passed on to Pin-dos-am -Free of charge (for nothing) ...
  15. Antistaks
    -3
    8 November 2012 18: 32
    It would be better if they were engaged in agriculture and housing and communal services. And then while hypersound is already mastered, there will be SOME.
  16. 0
    8 November 2012 22: 04
    Quote: iCuD
    Mach number depends primarily on pressure (i.e. height).



    Colleague! A small mistake! The speed of sound primarily depends on temperature in proportion to the square root of absolute temperature. The effect of pressure is negligible - with increasing pressure from one to 50 atmospheres cc. The sound has changed by only a few percent!