Where are 70% of modern weapons in the troops?
Photo Sputnik / Grigory Sysoev
July 2021, in his speech at Rosvertol, Minister of Defense S.K. Shoigu said historical the words:
Not new - modern. Today, many people talk about this topic and many make mistakes. What is "new"? It's not used, is it? That is, an AK-74, manufactured in 1980, taken out of the factory grease - it is definitely new. And "Ural-4320", the same year of manufacture, removed from state storage with a range of 82 km - it is also new.
Dealt with one.
Now another question is whether these two types of weapons and equipment will be modern? It really is more difficult. Certainly not in 40 years. Although modernization work can somewhat modernize any fossil. Replacing the forearm, butt, installing a collimator sight - and here you are, you can fight.
It looks quite normal to itself, given that there are places where they still fight with Mosin rifles.
Let's go in order. It is difficult to play with numbers now, because the war. Equipment, of course, breaks down, and often even destroyed or abandoned. Therefore, it will be necessary to operate exclusively with pre-war figures relating to the Ground Forces. Here it must be understood that some air defense and electronic warfare systems belong to the aerospace forces and do not take part in this consideration.
Photo wikipedia.org
Tanks
According to our tank expert Alexei Kuznetsov, modern tanks in the Russian army, T-80BVM and T-90 / T-90M can be considered. A modern tank is indeed a very complex concept, and so, it is really complex, like a combat vehicle. And it is capable of performing many combat missions with high efficiency.
What can you dance from, comparing our tanks with imported counterparts? Well, first of all, this is the Merkava.
After the Israeli tank, it is quite possible to consider the French Leclerc and the South Korean Black Panther modern.
The rest is so-so. Modernized, pulled up to the level and so on.
What about quantity? Well, at the beginning of the SVO, the Russian army had 220 T-80BVMs and 117 T-90s of all modifications. With a total number of three and a half thousand tanks - about 10%.
Definitely a modern tank would be the T-14 "Armata", if it were. But since it does not exist, we will leave our concept behind the scenes. As well as all the upgrades of the T-72 and T-62.
Photo wikipedia.org
Artillery
Of the more than two thousand self-propelled howitzers, only the Msta-S of the second modernization, with digital fire control and navigation, can be considered modern. That is, 2S19M2, of which there were about 350 pieces. That is - 15% and no more.
All other self-propelled guns (“Peony”, “Malka”, “Hyacinth”, “Acacia”, “Carnation” and further down the list) cannot be considered modern, since the most important thing for artillery today is missing: the possibility of high-precision shooting. There are no modern guidance systems, no modern control systems, no guided and corrected munitions. It is impossible to call a modern gun mount, the only function of which is shooting at squares.
Yes, we have the same concept as in tanks - "Coalition-SV". Our answer to many foreign samples. But foreign samples are quietly participating in the war in Ukraine on the side of the enemy, but our answer is still at the stage of parade calculation.
Non-self-propelled artillery
Yes, we do not have an analogue of the American M777, but it cannot be said that the “three axes” are such a breakthrough thing. Together with Excalibur - yes, this is serious. However, the main problem of towed artillery today is frankly low mobility and security. In this regard, there is no modern towed artillery in the Russian army - and there is especially nothing to worry about, the future is clearly for self-propelled.
Photo by the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation
MLRS
Rocket artillery systems do not shine here either, because most of them were made in the USSR fifty years ago.
What can be called really modern? 9K512 "Hurricane-1M" and 9K515 "Tornado-S". The total number of these complexes did not exceed 30 pieces in February. The rest - alas, the Soviet legacy, from which it is simply unrealistic to demand anything other than shooting at squares.
The small-caliber system "Tornado-G", of course, somewhat improves the statistics, but in the best scenario, the number of modern MLRS cannot exceed 20%.
Light armored vehicles
Unfortunately, here we can state the fact that all light armored infantry support vehicles in the Russian army are still from the USSR. BMP-1 BMP-2 BMP-3 BTR-80 BTR-82A fight.
If we take world analogues, then they (German "Lynx" and "Puma", Korean K-21, Swiss "Piranha") demonstrate an increase in size and thickening of armor. Of course, in our concepts we have the BMP "Kurganets", which is in no way inferior, but again - in concepts.
To say that Russian infantry support armored vehicles are modern today is somewhat imprudent for many reasons.
Anti-tank systems
Here, too, everything is not very beautiful. What can be said about modern anti-tank systems? First of all - "shot and forgot", that is, the operator after launch can quickly begin to change position, while maintaining the possibility of further participation in the battle.
None of the ATGMs (with a single exception) of the Russian army can be called modern, because the maximum that is available is the Kornet ATGM guided by a laser beam. This is not modern, this is the last century. The laser beam has long ceased to be something prohibitively difficult to suppress, and if we take the same Javelin for modernity, there are no questions for the Cornet.
The only pleasant exception is 9P157 Chrysanthemum. This anti-tank complex cannot, but must be considered modern, since dual control (laser + radio channel) allows you not to depend on the situation on the battlefield and weather conditions. Many (including myself) consider Chrysanthemum to be a very strong complex with great potential.
However, the presence of only 28 units in the Russian army (there are more in the Azerbaijani army!) Puts the number of modern anti-tank systems on the brink of statistical error.
“Bassoons”, “Mestizos”, “Cornets”, “Competitions”, no matter how they are pulled up to the level of modern anti-tank missiles, are still aliens from the last century with all the ensuing consequences. No matter how good anti-tank systems are for their time, which “tie” the operator to the target with a laser beam or wires, this definitely does not make them modern, and the soldiers are hostages of the situation.
Photo wikipedia.org
Army air defense
Just a few words about the radar. Everything is sad with the radar, since again the Soviet models, at best with a replaced element base. This applies to all stations, with the exception of Sky. But not everything is going smoothly with the "Sky" either, because there is a fairly decent number of "Nebo" radars from there, and there are "Sky-SV" and "Sky-SVU", which are just quite modern without reservations.
The question of quantity, but with this in any way, there is no data.
As for anti-aircraft missile systems, everything is simple here: we are sitting hard on the Soviet backlog, modernizing the old S-300, Buk and Tor systems. But here is just the case when modernization successfully allows you to "keep everyone in sight." You can argue for a very long time whether the S-300V4 air defense system is relevant - it is relevant, but I don’t even want to raise the question of obsolescence or inconsistency of the Buk-M3, because even in earlier upgrades of the Buk-M2 and Buk-M1-2 » the complex is deadly for any type of aircraft in its radius of action.
But the main majority of air defense systems in the ground forces are completely outdated Soviet air defense systems 9K33 Osa and 9K35 Strela-10, of which there are so many that modern Buks and Tors, at best, can be about 20% of their number .
Electronic intelligence
There are several components here. Separately, it is worth mentioning the artillery, where the Leopard, Panther, Zoo, Argus are Soviet heritage, and not much modernized. At present, the fleet of artillery and counter-battery radars is a sad picture.
The situation is somewhat better (much) in the field of short-range radars.
The Tula software "Strela" has developed and supplies the army with a decent amount (according to the nomenclature) of really modern radars such as "Aistenok", "Fara", "Credo", "Sobolyatnik", which are quite modern means of reconnaissance and target designation.
I would venture to say that it is in this type of weapons that the percentage of new and modern products is the highest in the Russian army.
Weapon
Pistols The Makarov pistol, of course, can hardly be called modern. Yarygin's pistol, which replaced him, can hardly be called combat. A tribute to modernity is observed (plastic in the design, an enlarged store, etc.) to the detriment of reliability and convenience.
Machines The main armament of a soldier of the Russian army is the AK-74M. This machine gun was new more than forty years ago, today (which has already been mentioned on our pages more than once) its cartridge does not ensure the proper defeat of enemy manpower.
AK-12 / AK-15 is a variant of the future, but for some reason the promotion of this weapons proceeds at an extremely slow pace. And if we take the latest examples from the SVO, then there were cases of refusals mobilized in favor of the AK-74 as a more well-known weapon.
Sniper rifles Neither the SVD, nor the SVDM, nor the SV-98 can be considered modern weapons. The fact that today single copies of new rifles fall into the troops does not change the role. High-precision infantry weapons today are 95% outdated and out of date.
Machine guns Here, of course, there are as many people as there are opinions, but the fact that the 6P41 Pecheneg, made on the basis of a very solid PKM, is a good thing, you can argue here, but it’s difficult. The machine gun is really quite and meets all modern requirements. Yes, it is not without flaws, but it is really a modern machine gun.
As for the large-caliber 6P50 "Kord", it's just a very good 12,7-mm machine gun, with virtually no flaws. When compared with the main competitor M2NV, the American is generally archaic.
Photo wikipedia.org
So with machine guns, everything is fine with us, without interest. They are.
Photo wikipedia.org
Aviation. Aircraft
Fighter aviation The basis of our fighter aviation (the basis is when it is most quantitative) are the Su-27 and MiG-29 of various modifications. These are frankly obsolete aircraft that need to be changed both for moral and physical wear and tear. There are more than 200 of all types, and the time of these machines is over. It is difficult to say what, however, the MiG-29 light fighter will be replaced with, because the MiG-35 went down in history even earlier.
The Su-30 and Su-35 are quite modern aircraft capable of performing the entire range of today's missions. Yes, we admit that 4th generation aircraft are relevant today, the fifth is not yet ready to fully participate in battles due to both lack of knowledge and huge cost. For us, this is a real plus.
We have about an equal number of old and not very old aircraft, so we can say that with regard to fighter aircraft, yes, 50% of modern technology is available.
Specially left the MiG-31 apart. It’s not easy with them, the planes are really old, but the upgrades allow them to keep the sky in their wings. Indeed, in terms of fulfilling the task of “catching up and killing”, the 31st has no equal.
Photo wikipedia.org
Front Bombers The Su-25 attack aircraft is suitable for its tasks. We can say that the aircraft is outdated, but it irons the front line of the enemy’s defense, and it doesn’t need to do anything else.
Su-24 is frankly old. And no matter how you modernize it, this is the plane of yesterday, not today. There is a Su-34, which is a cut above the 24th, and there are sufficient quantities. But if you look at the entire front-line aviation, then the share of modern / new aircraft does not exceed 24-26%. And in aviation, the “new” aircraft is a more significant difference than, say, in tanks.
Strategic Aviation Modernity as a parameter here is very conditional, because aircraft are designed for a very narrow range of tasks. The reliability of strategists is determined, among other things, by novelty, and here we, like our opponents in principle, are in perfect order: aircraft from 40 years old. Yes, a new Tu-160 was released in Kazan. This can be said to be a breakthrough. But in essence, our strategic and long-range aviation is represented by Soviet aircraft that have gone through various stages of modernization.
It is difficult to say how modern and new they really are.
Photo wikipedia.org
Transport aircraft Here is the realm of Soviet-era aircraft. Unfortunately, the Russian aviation industry has not been able to establish the production of transport aircraft, so the fleet of this type of aviation is not only not modern - it is also not new.
The only "ray of light" is a ten-year-old contract for 39 Il-76 aircraft. The remaining TA aircraft were produced by the Antonov Design Bureau and there is nothing to replace them with.
Helicopters With combat helicopters, we are very, very decent. Mi-28 and Ka-52 attack helicopters of various modifications make up the attack helicopter fleet, and here the percentage of new and modern machines is really high. Mi-24s are still in service, but they are gradually being withdrawn, replacing them with Mi-35s, which is good news.
Transport aviation consists of Mi-8, Mi-38 and Mi-26 helicopters. You can’t call them modern, but the truck as a whole doesn’t really need it.
If you use a calculator, it turns out that the helicopter fleet consists of modern / new machines by more than 55%.
Photo wikipedia.org
Air Defense Forces subordinate to the VKS Here everything is more luxurious than in the air defense of the Ground Forces. Complexes S-400 Triumph, S-350 Vityaz, S-300V, Buk-M2, Buk-M1-2, Pantsir C1 and C2. The old ones include S-300P and S-300PS. In the Air Defense Forces of the Aerospace Forces, the level of modern technology does indeed reach 70% in terms of air defense systems.
Photo wikipedia.org
Radio engineering troops of the VKS As for radars for various purposes, there are a lot of them in the RTV VKS, but there are no clear data in terms of quantity. Therefore, the presence of modern stations such as Nebo-M, Podlet-K1, Gamma C1, Opponent-GE is given, but frankly old radar stations Desna, Terek, " Defense", "Sky-U".
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As you can see, for the most part, for various types, the figure of 70% regarding modern technology is simply unattainable. Perhaps they didn’t explain to us how to count correctly and where to get the numbers for calculations, but we have what we have: in very rare cases, it is possible to confirm the reality of the numbers.
And in this case, quite rightly, the question may arise: where then to look for these same 70% of modern technology?
Yes, in this analysis, the engineering troops were not touched at all, in which there is simply a huge amount of different equipment. And there is quite possible the presence of a large number of NEW cars. But NEW is not necessarily MODERN. Therefore, I would prefer to leave this very sensitive issue aside.
But as for tanks, artillery, MLRS, light armored vehicles - alas, the mentioned 70% are not even close there.
And what are we fighting then? And why should we be so surprised? Although, perhaps, the answer to the successes of the Russian army observed by us in the NMD lies, among other things, in this figure.
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