Ukrainian modernization of the MLRS BM-21 “Grad” - BM-21U “Grad-M”

This modernization of RZSO "Grad" was developed by Ukrainian designers in the variant of the system of jet volley fire "GRAD" and in the version of RZSO "GRAD-M". The basis of the reactive volley fire system is an inertial impulse which gives the module with the warhead a high speed at which it moves straight to the target, as part of the volley.

Ukrainian RZSO made on the basis of KrAZ. The new chassis made it possible to provide the combat system with doubled ammunition. Dozens of jet ammunition can hit area targets at a distance of 20 kilometers. In addition, RZSO "Grad-M" can destroy enemy’s Communist Party of Ukraine / PU, military bases and airfields, various positions of missile weapons and systems. The main chassis for Grad-M is KrAZ-6322, however, the installation options for the KrAZ-6322-120-82 are known.

BM-21U
Artillery launcher unit is designed to launch rocket engines of missiles and telling them the angle of guidance to destroy area targets. It consists of forty tubular guides. They make up an artblock - a package consisting of four rows of ten guides. Package length - 3 meter, the diameter of each guide on the internal channel - 122.4mm. Rotation of jet ammunition gives u-shaped screw groove, which gets and then slides protrusion (pin) of ammunition. For targeting the package with the PC vertically / horizontally, an electric drive is used, for various unforeseen situations, there is also a manual guidance. The lift itself is made in the center, the main gear has a hook with the toothed base of the cradle. The electric drive (manual control) gives the gear an effort by which it rotates the gear base and the swinging part receives vertical pointing angles. The turning mechanism is made on the left side of the base. Gear mechanism has a hitch with an inner fixed ring shoulder strap. The electric drive (manual control) informs the gear of the force with which it rotates around the shoulder strap, indicating the rotation of the turning part. With the help of pointing mechanisms, guides can get vertical angles 0-55 degrees, horizontal angles: 102 degrees on the left side and 70 degrees on the right side.

9М22
For the system of multiple launch rocket BM-21 at one time develop jet ammunition caliber 122mm. It is a high-explosive fragmentation missile of unmanaged type. Received the name 9М22 or М-21-ОФ. Equipped with an 9E210 MRV fuse. The applied RS design was revolutionary for its time. The PC case is made not by a sharp steel bar, but by rolling and drawing out of steel sheets. This method is typical for the production of shells of artillery shells. Use some technology of rocket armament - RS gets a stabilizer with collapsible planes. When installed in the guide planes, they are folded and held by a special ring in this position, the stabilizer opens up after the PC is started. In addition to the stabilizer, flight stabilization provides acquired RS rotation around the longitudinal axis. The stabilizer blades received an 1 degree angle to the longitudinal axis. The stabilizer and rotation support the stabilization of the RS throughout the flight to the target. The length of the jet ammunition 2.87 meter, curb weight 66 kilogram. The warhead is made in the head, which has a weight 18.4 kilogram, the weight of the explosive 6.4 kilogram. For comparison: 9М22 is almost twice as powerful as the RS M-14-OB, both in fragmentation and high-explosive action.

One complex Grad-M:
- car command control;
- transport-charging vehicle;
- launcher on the KrAZ-6322 chassis.

Modifications:
Three modifications on the KRAZ chassis were created; they are distinguished by the cab design - double, one-and-a-half and single.

Key Features:
- calculation of BM-21U - 4 person;
- launch caliber - 122.4mm;
- Length - 9.8 meters;
- width - 3.65 meters;
- height - 2.8 meters;
- engine - HP 520;
- speed up to 85 km / h;
- range on the highway to 1400 kilometers;
- number of guides - 40 units;
- PC weight - 66.4 kilogram;
- The range of destruction 1.6-20.7 kilometers;
- salvo time - 20 seconds;
- recharge - 7 minutes.

Information sources:
http://gods-of-war.pp.ua/?p=301
http://military-informer.narod.ru/KrAZ.html
http://www.arms-expo.ru/049050052054124051057056049.html
http://military-informer.narod.ru/rszo-bm21u.html

Comments

[grizzlir]

Ukrainian RZSO made on the basis of KrAZ. The new chassis made it possible to provide the combat system with doubled ammunition.
It is not clear that the number of guides is the same, 40. Perhaps, in addition to 40 in the guides, the machine takes another 40 PCs to recharge. The question is where are they located?
But in general, this is a classic, a good reliable installation, proven ammunition proven over the years, an excellent maneuverable high-passable chassis. There were rumors that the Russian army may refuse such systems. If so, we make a mistake.

[tronin.maxim]

I am happy for Ukraine! Quietly by league, koishto turns out! If this equipment hadn’t gone to Georgia, otherwise it would do things there!

[Flooding]

Quote: grizzlir

It is not clear that the number of guides is the same, 40. Perhaps, in addition to 40 in the guides, the machine takes another 40 PCs to recharge. The question is where are they located?

In theory, they should be located in the same place as at BelGrad

But the picture does not notice that there was enough free space for this.
In fact, everyone is familiar with the "Grad" on a new wheelbase.

[Splin]

Nearly. I don’t know how in the Belarusian version, in the Ukrainian Bastion-02 there is a chambering mechanism, due to which the reload speed has decreased from 7 to 4 minutes. But compared to the Czech MR-70 | 85, this is a lantern. There is a loading mechanism. Reload speed - 2 minutes. During the Perspective 2012 exercises, Bastion-01 and Bastion-03 (220 mm) with a digital guidance system were tested.

[Lucky]

Handsome men !!!)))

[Target]

Quote: grizzlir

There were rumors that the Russian army may abandon such systems. If so, we make a mistake.

There are BM-27 "Uragan" and BM-30 "Smerch". 2 BM-30s can clear as much territory as a whole BM-21 regiment is needed.

[DIMS]

I would not call it modernization. Rather, a change of base.

[borisst64]

Moreover, the carrying capacity of the "base" is clearly excessive. We took what we have, there is no choice in the Ukrainian truck industry.

[alex86]

Quote: borisst64

Moreover, the carrying capacity of the "base" is clearly excessive

But if on the same base there is another ammunition load (66kg x 40 pcs = 2640 kg plus the own weight of the rack), or maybe more than one, then it may not be redundant. And in general, the idea of ​​a portable BC is very sensible - autonomy is significantly increased. And both versions - Belarusian and Ukrainian - seem to me more sensible than "Tornado-G" (based on "Ural"), which, of course, received some additional qualities, but clearly did not deserve a new name.

[Flooding]

Quote: DIMS

I would not call it modernization. Rather, a change of base.

What can be read in the article - yes, the way it is.
But, apparently, there are more modern options that Splin mentioned above.

[Vladimir 70]

And yet, there is no need to "mold" an additional ammo on the BM (combat vehicle). There are no big pluses here. For this there is a TZM (transport and loading machine).

[Splin]

Consider how long the TZM takes to recharge the installation (even modern ones with a loading mechanism will drive up until they arrive (after all, they do not stand side by side at the firing position, while they adjust so that the ammunition rack fits exactly into the guides - this is even more than 10 minutes. 7 minutes is when additional eres lie And besides, it is still extra cars, increased staff, large logistics, etc. etc. This is an outdated system in modern war. Although the Ukrainian army buys more Bastion-01. So it is, in fact the usual "Grad" on the Kraz chassis.

[DIMS]

But is the MLRS in modern warfare loaded on fire?

[Splin]

Of course not. Although it depends on what enemy. But either strike at two areas from a firing position, or move to a reserve after each hall.

[DIMS]

When you can shoot with one fire, the need to hit two targets in a row is rare.

For me, modular loading is an order of magnitude more promising

[Splin]

I don’t know how the "guards" in our regiment were not at all on the old 375, when we were working out the ACCU then in 2 minutes the "Carnation" battery had time to inflict volleys at 3 different targets .... and leave. Moreover, you receive target designation on the march and the battery is deployed from the march (no prepared positions). No add. ammunition is a good solution. Poles on the second version of Langusta put a loading mechanism like the Czechs. What if TPM will be covered? or she dies on the way.

[DIMS]

Each cannon has 4 shells per target, and even without defeat control? What kind of goals were these?

And they can destroy the MLRS itself. And she will also be able to die on the go with her two bags.

[Kars]

Quote: DIMS

Yes, even without defeat control?

In our time, the control of defeat? Tired of living?

Quote: DIMS

And she will also be able to die along the way with her two bags

Well, then she’s dead, what can you do here.

Quote: DIMS

And they can destroy the MLRS itself

then TZM is also not particularly useful.
and a rs to a hail (122 mm), in theory, is the cheapest ammunition in its spectrum, cheaper than a shot to a 152 mm gun (it was like this in the transmission about MLRS - the body was thin-walled, seamless, a minimum of manual labor, etc.)

[Splin]

Quote: DIMS

Each cannon has 4 shells per target, and even without defeat control? What kind of goals were these?

I did not say that. In two minutes, they managed to make only three volleys, because we still need to manage to transfer the fire to other coordinates (all this was done manually). In addition, another battery of the battalion from another position, or a battery of "Akatsiy" or "Gradov", and besides, could simultaneously strike at this position. But this is all ideally. I say we worked out the rudiments, on a divisional scale, inherited from the Union, and then you yourself understand - devastation.
And control of the results is the problems of the platoon of art intelligence and not mine.

[DIMS]

Fire control to kill the direct responsibility of the battery commander.

[Splin]

Quote: DIMS

Fire control to kill the direct responsibility of the battery commander.

I don't need to quote the Soviet charter (though not a fig has changed since that time). - I already know that. But this is when there is KNP, and when it is not, you will control how. Only SNAR or Zoo, well, also PSNR-5 on board the BRM-1K. But this is all done "without getting off the horse"

[Kars]

There’s no reason to argue much, the normal idea is that the chassis allows. And if the song can still charge, the extra 40 shells will not hurt.
Especially to me the Chinese on the tracked chassis, and even the MLRS firing at 400 km - generally did not expect from the Chinese (although this is not the point)

[Kievan]

Quote: Splin

Although the Ukrainian army buys more Bastion-01.

Purchasing? ... In what quantities?

[Splin]

Quote: Kievite

In what quantities?

In scanty, but we are buying. I have a general suspicion that they are buying only an 8-meter chassis, and the "rocking chairs" are put in the trash "Ruslans".