For the accumulation of manpower of nationalists: volumetric detonating bomb ODAB-500

ODAB-500PM Russian army

infernal machines

Volumetric detonating ammunition (ODB) is quite rightly attributed to the last step of the conventional weapons - only tactical nuclear weapons and ballistic missiles are higher in lethal power. It is no coincidence that in 1976 the UN declared such weapons "an inhumane means of warfare, causing undue suffering to people." This does not prevent the leading world powers from thoroughly arming themselves with such cunning combat systems. A little about the specifics of the action of volumetric detonating weapons, which some amateurs also call vacuum ammunition.

The main lethal arguments are the blast wave and thermal radiation. The fragmentation field is formed insignificant and mainly consists of secondary fragments that come across in the path of the blast wave. Despite the fact that some call ODB an inhumane weapon, a small amount of fragments during the explosion allows you to work on targets located near settlements.

To call bombs and rockets of a volumetric explosion a high-precision weapon does not turn the tongue, but the area of ​​​​destruction is really limited to several tens of meters. There are no fragments of ammunition flying hundreds of meters, which means that non-combatants who accidentally find themselves near the explosion will only be shocked.

For reference, standard high-explosive fragmentation ammunition throws fragments of the projectile body at a speed of up to 1 m / s at a distance of 500 km or more. And this is a completely indiscriminate weapon - a person can stay alive, being 1-10 meters from the explosion, or he can die from a random fragment at a distance of 20-500 meters. In general, the question of the humanity of the ODB is not yet closed.

ODB is convenient to work on the enemy, located in the immediate vicinity of the trenches of their own forces. By the way, trenches and dugouts do not protect against volumetric detonation at all, unlike high-explosive fragmentation ammunition. In addition, the fragmentation field of the projectile is formed extremely unevenly - for the greatest efficiency, the ammunition must enter the ground vertically down, and this is very difficult.

The most powerful shock wave from the OBD explosion flows into trenches, crevices of dugouts and other fortifications. And if an aerosol cloud managed to slip into the room or shelter before the explosion, then the ammunition will arrange a real hell there. As mentioned above, first of all, the human body suffers from a shock wave and thermal effects. Particularly susceptible are air-saturated organs - the intestines, lungs, respiratory and auditory canals, which are simply torn from the shock wave.

This is the so-called pressure explosion effect. A powerful shock wave is generally an extremely fatal substance. Tissues, due to their different density, elasticity and strength, react differently to pressure, which causes displacement of organs and rupture of the integument. It is also important to remember the inevitable combustion of oxygen at the epicenter of the ODB explosion. This is especially dangerous in a confined space - survivors of the detonation will inevitably suffer from asphyxia (suffocation).

To date, there is no accurate data on all the consequences of the impact of the ODB explosion. There was simply no suitable testing ground for this. It is only known that barotrauma causes pathologies at the neurological and biochemical levels. There is no doubt about the nature of the thermal effect, suffice it to say that in the affected area the temperature can vary from 1 to 200 degrees. They do not save, or rather, they even harm, when meeting with the ODB, bulletproof vests. Heavy plates, which should protect against fragments, increase the effect of the blast wave, and also additionally injure a person thrown by the explosion.

Experience of application

Initially, ODB was planned to be used as a demining tool. The first in this case in 1969 were the Americans with the CBU-55 / B cluster bomb, which made passages in minefields and cleared thickets for a helicopter landing. Each cassette consisted of three BLU-73 ammunition filled with 32,6 kg of liquid ethylene oxide. The bomb created an aerosol cloud on the surface with a diameter of up to 17 meters and a height of up to 3 meters. Each ammunition was equipped with a parachute - a helicopter or carrier aircraft had to leave a sufficient distance from the infernal machine.

In addition, parachutes reduced the speed of barrels with liquid explosives to the required 33 m / s. After the explosion, a platform with a diameter of 30 meters was cleared, which was later used either for the passage of infantry or for landing a helicopter. There were no survivors in the affected area, and those who were lucky enough to observe the explosion at a safe distance were in a state of deep psychological shock.

Often, powerful ODBs are confused with tactical nuclear weapons. This happened during Desert Storm, when, in front of the eyes of British special forces, the Americans fired a volumetric detonating bomb at the location of Iraqi troops. The fighters broke radio silence and started talking live about a nuclear attack by the allied forces. Russia also has spectacular cases of using ODB.

Footage of the alleged use of ODAB-500 in Syria. Source: youtube.com

As far as we know, this technique is not yet used in Ukraine. For reference, TOS "Solntsepyok" and "Pinocchio" work on targets not with ODB, but with thermobaric ammunition, and this is a slightly different weapon. But more about that another time.

Let's get back to the experience of using domestic explosive munitions. The most famous was the main character of the story - the ODAB-500PM bomb, dropped on a cluster of Chechen fighters in the Dagestan village of Tando in 1999.

In mountainous conditions, the ODB manifests itself in all its glory - the shock wave is amplified by multiple reflections from rocks, focuses in gorges and flows into all shelters. After the strike, little was left of the terrorists, and the survivors for a long time passed from mouth to mouth stories about the terrible power of the ODAB-500. This is how the term "Tando effect" was born - panic when a single Su-25 appeared over terrorist nests in villages.

Series ODAB-500

Now about the main character of today's story - volume-detonating aviation bomb ODAB-500, which is known in four modifications: the classic ODAB-500 and improved ODAB-500P, ODAB-500PM and ODAB-500PMV. The bomb was developed at the Bazalt National Research and Production Enterprise and was put into service in the late 80s. Purpose of ammunition according to the instructions:

“The defeat of lightly armored and vulnerable equipment, fuel depots, manpower (including those hidden in trenches, trenches, engineering structures), aircraft, helicopters, air defense systems, missile and radar launchers, mortar and artillery weapons due to the combined impact of high-explosive, fragmentation and thermal fields.

As with any ODB, the Russian bomb has its limitations. For example, a bomb cannot work normally in water and underground, as well as in hurricane winds and heavy rain. However, the last restrictions are rather theoretical - aviation is not used in such weather conditions.

Series ODAB-500 in various versions. Author - Vitaly Kuzmin

ODAB-500 is a thin-walled bomb filled with ethylene oxide - this is the main fuel of the ammunition. Ammunition diameter - 450 mm, length - 2 mm, stabilizer span - 385 mm, weight - 685 kg. In this case, the TNT equivalent reaches one ton. The bomb can be dropped by both attack aircraft and helicopters. Application heights - from 500 to 200 meters. From maximum heights, only the most modern FDA modification, which is somewhat longer than the earlier versions, can be used.

The bomb consists of a container for filling with fuel (ODAB-500P is filled with piperylene), a parachute in the tail and a radio altimeter, or a leader on a leash, in the head. Ammunition with two explosive charges. The first is necessary for spraying liquid fuel, and the second for undermining the resulting aerosol.

The scenario for using the ODAB-500 series is quite simple. After being ejected from the carrier, the bomb flies in free flight for some time, and a parachute opens at an altitude of 30–50 meters. Then a radio altimeter (on the latest modifications) or a leader thrown forward comes into play. At a height of 7–9 meters, this entire system touches the surface and gives an impulse to detonate a charge that sprays an energy carrier or bomb fuel. So far, only spraying, no detonation. In 100–140 ms, the contents of the ODAB are mixed with an oxidizing agent, that is, atmospheric oxygen, and are undermined by an initiating secondary charge located in the tail of the bomb, next to the parachute.

This is the so-called two-stroke principle of operation of volumetric detonating ammunition. The first step is fuel atomization, the second is the explosion of the resulting mixture with air. The cloud of the air-fuel mixture has a disk-like shape, therefore, after detonation, the shock wave diverges from the center of the explosion mainly to the sides, increasing the effectiveness of the bomb.

At the moment, the ODAB-500 series is the only domestic two-stroke volume explosion ammunition. With the exception of the yet unnamed heavy-duty bomb, which received the unofficial name ODAB-9000. This "father of all bombs" was shown in action for the first time on September 11, 2007 on the central Russian television.

The bomb itself, which looked more like a barrel or a gas cylinder, was shown briefly, but they demonstrated an impressive explosion at the training ground. The carrier of the ammunition was the T-160. Only a specialist can distinguish between a superbomb explosion and a nuclear strike. According to estimates from open sources, the TNT equivalent of the ammunition is at least 44 tons of TNT. Since then, nothing has been known about the bomb.

Russia, as you know, has not yet started “nothing seriously” in Ukraine - it is quite likely that volumetric detonating bombs will be included in the pool of serious arguments of the allied forces.

Comments

[tTshka]

Mdaaa ... I was already delighted ...

[dauria]

Mdaaa ... I was already delighted ...

There is nothing to rejoice. It was an attempt to increase power with the same weight of ammunition. In order not to drag the second component in the bomb, they decided to use air oxygen during detonation. The result was nonsense, as with super-heavy bombs of 3 and 5 tons. The blast radius drops rapidly (cubic root of power). According to a dispersed enemy, zero sense, it is better to throw a trifle, but a lot.
That is, the sense is only for "super-strong" targets, which cannot be destroyed by smaller ones. And the cat wept for such goals. .

[garri-lin]

That is why such bombs are not widely used and are used only where their capabilities can be fully realized.
The fact that five one-ton bombs were more useful than one five-ton bomb was found out in the middle of World War II.

[Turtle]

Do you mean the cat cried? Don't get mad at me, I'm a civilian and I don't really understand weapons, but here people often get upset because bridges are difficult to disable even after several accurate missile strikes.

[Vladimir Vladimirovich Vorontsov]

Russia, as you know, has not yet started “nothing seriously” in Ukraine -

***

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[Dilettante grandfather]

I think this ammunition is waiting in the wings. Maybe - a direct clash with NATO forces.

[iouris]

For NATO forces, completely different ammunition should be prepared.

[Hypertension]

Quote: Grandfather is an amateur

Maybe - a direct clash with NATO forces.

The shattered air defense of the Armed Forces of Ukraine does not make it possible to use free-falling bombs, but with NATO forces this will suddenly become possible?

[Letun]

Quote: Hyperion

The shattered air defense of the Armed Forces of Ukraine does not make it possible to use free-falling bombs, but with NATO forces this will suddenly become possible?

So they are "Well, dumb-s-s." (FROM)

[Mar.Tirah]

Well, yes, the fighting has been going on for six months, there are losses and retreats, and we "haven't started anything yet." And when will we start, when all of NATO, led by the United States, will gather in Ukraine or when the enemy will be at the Kremlin walls? Maybe enough agitation to read To drop such a bomb, you need a bomber carrier, but this had to be done at the beginning of a special operation after suppressing enemy air defenses. Now we are gradually losing the advantage of a sudden strike. The Pentagon is pumping Ukraine with NASAMS air defense systems and electronic intelligence. all over again and fight in a new way. And this article is just your Wishlist.

[Lech from Android.]

In Avdiivka, such bombs would be useful, according to the fortified area of ​​the enemy.
But things are there.

[novel66]

to drop such a bomb, you need to suppress air defense, but somehow it didn’t work out with that

[musketon64]

to drop such a bomb, you need to suppress air defense, but somehow it didn’t work out with that

The article says:

The bomb can be dropped by both attack aircraft and helicopters. Application heights - from 200 to 12 meters.

That is, for example, to use ammunition at night from low altitudes, when MANPADS do not see anything. And against the air defense system, use additional cabling and throw a bomb at the positions of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Or, as they have already written here, it is high time to develop a planning version.

[Demon_is_ada]

We have wonderful shahids, so they let them climb under the air defense. Cheap and cheerful, he has a carrying capacity of about that.
And then you won’t get enough of the pilots, our dear ones, in the literal and figurative sense.

[neworange88]

To drop such a bomb, a bomber carrier is needed, but this had to be done at the beginning of a special operation after suppressing enemy air defenses.

Attack aircraft and helicopters can also drop it. Quote from the article.

ODAB-500 is a thin-walled bomb filled with ethylene oxide - this is the main fuel of the ammunition. Ammunition diameter - 450 mm, length - 2 mm, stabilizer span - 385 mm, weight - 685 kg. At the same time, the TNT equivalent reaches one ton. The bomb can be dropped by both attack aircraft and helicopters.

[KVIRTU]

He did not appear, but when taxiing out, he began negotiations on the radio with the flight director.
Plus optical satellite, plus undercover intelligence.
Let's go without slogans.

[topol717]

Quote: KVIRTU

and when taxiing out, he started negotiations on the radio with the flight director.

I assure you, all communications there are encrypted.
Yeah, from a satellite, detect a plane that flies. Well, yes, just like 2 fingers to absss.
Well, I can probably agree with the agent, but it’s impossible to understand where he will fly, and if he rises by 6-7K, then you can’t see him with your eyes.
And I repeat once again, there are a lot of different missiles against radars. and Aviation must apply them.

[topol717]

Quote: Mar. Tira

The raised carrier is immediately fixed and followed.

What is fixed and accompanied?
anti-radar missiles were invented for these escorts a long time ago.
So no one and no one accompanies there.

[Amateur]

Only a specialist can distinguish between a superbomb explosion and a nuclear strike. According to estimates from open sources, the TNT equivalent of the ammunition is at least 44 tons of TNT.

Note to the author: 1 kiloton is the equivalent of 1000 (thousand) tons of TNT. 44 tons is 0.044 kilotons.
Sorry to all readers for the platitudes.

[Monar]

To call bombs and missiles of a volumetric explosion a precision weapon does not turn the tongue,

Strange conclusion. A rocket, bomb, projectile or bullet flying "through the window" is, in my understanding, a precision weapon. And the lead core or core inside the carrier is already secondary.

[Vadmir]

Russia, as you know, has not yet started “nothing seriously” in Ukraine - it is quite likely that volumetric detonating bombs will be included in the pool of serious arguments of the allied forces.

And the sooner the "serious stage" of the war begins, the better.

[AlexVas44]

...survivors for a long time passed from mouth to mouth stories about the terrible power of the ODAB-500.

The Afghan dushmans could also tell about the terrible power, but, probably, there were no survivors left.

[dauria]

Afghan dushmans could also tell about the terrible power,

No, there they tried to use ordinary land mines from 3 tons. Well disappointed.
And ODAB -500 were lying around in a bunch next to the PPR, nafig not needed. It is much more efficient to pour small things up to 250 kg onto the village, it would be desirable to generally "weave" the same total weight. But there were only 6 suspension points - so they hung 6 pieces of 250-k on helicopters or 500-k on airplanes.
The size of the bomb must first of all correspond to the security of the target. Nothing more. It is better to drag a couple of pieces of "corresponding" than one "fool" with twice as much weight.
In general, the conclusion is simple - you need to increase the accuracy (or quantity), and not the power. Power should only be "sufficient" with a spare.

[Urs]

Along the way, you are a respected witness or participant in the events in the DRA.
The author is right, I observed the effect of using this ammunition, even from a distance of a couple of kilos it was clear that this was a nightmare and hell combined .
Maybe someone in the subject, the withdrawal of our specialists from the Kandahar power plant seems to be 88 years old.
At that time, this was the only way to clear the passage to the town of specialists.
General Andreev requested air support, so two of them arrived.

[Revolver]

I would like to look at the use of the "dad of all bombs" ... No, I'm not demanding, I prefer to watch the Olympics in recordings, and even more so. And in the immediate vicinity and in real time, let Zelensky watch.

[Shark Lover]

DRA, Aliheil Fortress, 3 kilometers to Pakistan in the mountains. I don’t remember the year, 86 maybe the beginning of 87. We are deblocking the local regiment of Afghans (greens). A fortress in a small valley to which a narrow gorge leads a couple of kilometers with a river, the valley is surrounded by mountains completely covered with coniferous forests. They urinate from everything they can, eres even get into individual vehicles with ammunition. DShK mortars, some other garbage, in short, a lot, a lot, often. We are in the mountains along the perimeter, the fortress below. What I saw myself. SS 25 comes in, low, with traps, 3-4 km from the fortress in the valley closer to Pakistan, right in front of me, comes in and abruptly goes up. The effect is zero, on the opposite course, after a while another SU, but not so low. After the second, I then looked at the map, somewhere a square kilometer per kilometer gave. That's who saw the military shake out the blanket, together up and down sharply, a cloud of dust. And just like that, it banged and the feeling that the whole square was thrown up like a blanket and lowered. I don’t know what it was, only then they went down, they found small bombs, where 50 mm with a letter. Apparently part did not work, maybe lost. If this thing is like that, then someone will get sick a lot.

[Urs]

Here is another witness , everything is as you described near Kandahar at the conclusion of the town of specialists from the Kandahar power plant. Yeah, the spirits must have been transmitting that nightmare for generations. I watched through binoculars, even that was creepy.

[Dedok]

Quote: Lech from Android.

In Avdiivka, such bombs would be useful, according to the fortified area of ​​the enemy.
But things are there.

Yes, it is precisely along the fortifications, but civilians still live in Avdiivka, and they are not on the side of the Armed Forces of Ukraine

[Diverter]

sure? video from Raisins shows the opposite.

[Dmitry Karabanov]

Even according to the official statement of Ukrovermacht: "Avdiivka is an impregnable fortified area" - not a word about the civilian population.

[John Nameless]

attach an active steering module to it so that it hits a 10 by 10m square

[2112vda]

There are single-stroke thermobaric munitions, in which the spraying of a cloud of fuel occurs simultaneously with the detonation of the air-fuel mixture, this is the so-called active method of mixture formation.

[_Dad_]

During the storming of Mariupol, a vacuum was used.

[couch]

It's high time to show the "kuzkina mother" to Bandera and there is nothing to feel sorry for them. If these non-humans kill civilians almost every day (including small children), then there is nothing to stand on ceremony with them (in war as in war)

[Zaurbek]

It is very interesting why satellite correction is not used on such bombs? or CU?
As I understand it, there is a concreted opornik ... nst its coordinates, scored the coordinates in the GOS and dropped 10-15 ODAB from 500-1500 km .... there is no opornik and there is no threat of damage to the carrier.
And great accuracy is not really needed.

[takeshi]

Video undermining ODAB-9000 dropped from Tu-160

[spirit]

To drop such bombs in Ukraine, the B2 or the future (probably) PAK-DA would be ideal. The enemy has air defense, but not so perfect, just for bombing serious fortifications in the frontline zone, the low RCS of the bomber would just be enough to work on the "edge"

[Alexander_Dneprovsky]

These bombs are applicable only to barmaley. Now planning KABs are more relevant, for use in conditions of unsuppressed enemy air defense.

[TEX-50]

Exactly. And where are they. these kabs? Are there enough?

[Alexander_Dneprovsky]

That's it. This is what articles should be written about.

[TEX-50]

Don't they know about it at the very top? With the same success, you can write, for example, in Sportloto.

We don’t even need KABs (they are expensive), we need cheap JDAM analogues. And massively.

[Alexander_Dneprovsky]

You can do nothing at all. Be silent.
JDAM is the planning KAB. The cost of KABs largely depends on the method of adjustment. The cheapest is GLONASS, more expensive remote-controlled and semi-active with laser target illumination. And JDAM analogues have been developed. THIS is the IPC (Planning and Correction Module) from GNPO "Basalt". But in the end, the MO was not interested in the IPC.

[TEX-50]

JAIDAM, these are not planning CABs. Gliding KABs are GBU-39s, which have developed surfaces for long-term planning and a large drop distance.

I have no doubt that analogs have been developed. But in the USA, almost all cast iron has been converted to JADE.

[matsur]

Serious weapon. What about bridges? Powerful and accurate? In order not to make holes with expensive rockets, trying to hit the support.

[TEX-50]

I love ranting about "humane" weapons. That's soman - it's inhumane. Cluster munition is inhumane. But a piece of cast iron-FAB that tore off someone's balls, or gouged out an eye and half a face - this will do, humanely. Well, or a torn off hand, will also do. This is by the way, despite the fact that when poisoned by the same soman, in almost 100% of cases (if the dose is lethal), the affected person falls into a coma after a few minutes and does not feel anything until death. And if he was pumped out, then he practically does not remember anything (this applies to beginners to a greater extent).

ODAB-500 is a thin-walled bomb filled with ethylene oxide - this is the main fuel of the ammunition

There is no ethylene oxide there, not even close for several decades now. ODAB-500P was equipped with piperylene instead of ethylene oxide, although ethylene oxide is better. But piperylene is much safer.

And in ODAB-500PM, piperylene was replaced with something else, IMHO secret to this day. Although if you look at the color of the explosion cloud, it seems to me that these are mixtures like those used in RPO, organic nitrate, such as isopropyl nitrate, finely divided magnesium and hexogen.

https://ww

[NG inform]

(rhbz-troll he)
But the British said that they creaked (a man and a woman of different weights), scratched the door handle smeared with Novichok, and then shied away somewhere for 4 hours, had dinner, drank beer and so on - and only then they got sick. It’s good that some nurse was nearby, who immediately realized that this was a beginner and he had an antidote with him.
You are lying about a few minutes, the British government, which said that this is clearly the work of Russian hands, because. the substance was ultra-pure - which is available only in the best laboratories, was delivered by Russian agents, who stuffed it in the station toilet.
True true.

[TEX-50]

The man and woman are the same weight. It was not a nurse who appeared, but a nurse, the chief nurse of the British army. With daughter. There is nothing more important than little things!

And what did you want to say? And when do you think they should have gotten sick if they received an application on the palm (let's accept this version) of about 0,7-1 LD50 for the substance A-234? After what time? You are a professional, you should know what is the rate of resorption of different OM through the skin of different parts of the body in a different physiological state of the skin itself. After what time is equilibrium established, and after what time the transdermal flow is maximum. How much of the substance enters the bloodstream and how much has time to evaporate. For A-234, most likely you don’t know, but for VX, the 33rd you should know (as a professional).

You're lying about a few minutes

About the inhalation defeat with soman then? under normal conditions? At 25 *C, the volatility of soman will be approximately 3,8 g/m3. LD50 in breath - approximately 0,02 mg / kg. For a person weighing 70 kg, breathing rate 15 times / min, breathing volume 10 l / min, and an absorption coefficient of 0,8 and a cumulation coefficient of 1 (for ease of calculation), the semi-lethal dose (LD50) will be received by him in 3 seconds. those. in one breath. With such a concentration, this will cause an instant knockdown effect - the affected person will immediately lose their orientation, and after a few seconds, consciousness, but still have time to take at least 2-4 more breaths and receive an absolutely lethal dose into the body. If he is not given an antidote within 5 minutes and is not connected to a ventilator, the affected person will die.

In practice, such a concentration is difficult to achieve, and you can roughly calculate its decrease by the time required to get the LD50 into the body. Soman concentration of 0,07 g/m3 (i.e. 50 times less than described above) for 2-3 minutes is absolutely lethal.

This is about soman. As for the Skripals, I personally do not believe in the story of the defeat through the skin of the palm. 4 - hours - too little time for resorption of 1LD50 even for V-gases (and beginners go through the skin more slowly). Or you need to apply more, but then the person will feel the OM in the palm of his hand, thoroughly wash it off and sound the alarm. There are a lot of other "little things" that you don't know or don't pay attention to, but it's a long story. I believe more in the inhalation defeat of both Skripals outside the home.

[NG inform]

>It was not a nurse who appeared, but a nurse, the head nurse
Soryan, I read it in English and did not mark the gender.

>At the expense of weight, I don’t know, the man looked more massive. However, women and men have different skin textures. The difference is important.
Further so: we are talking about 1. microscopic doses, 2. that they got sick at about one moment after a few hours (not minutes and not a day). This is the combination that different people with different properties simultaneously received very similar specific microdoses when touched (where contact with the substance could easily fluctuate by several orders of magnitude), which led to a single time of defeat. This looks like an incredible coincidence. Most likely, the one who touched the pen first and actually grabbed a semi-lethal dose - felt unwell within a few hours, and the second - the next day. Either they both grabbed a noticeable dose and would not faint, but would be hooked in an hour (we do a lot of different things with our hands, touch our faces, for example).
>Skripals, then I personally do not believe in the story of the defeat through the skin of the palm
There is no evidence at all that they were poisoned by something like that. It is not known what happened to them, as well as with Navalny.

[TEX-50]

Soryan, I read it in English and did not mark the gender.

Well, of course, yes.

The difference is important.

What? Humans have different permeability of the skin in different parts of the body and in a different physiological state of this same skin. It practically does not depend on gender. A standard (30 µl) drop of VX placed on the palm of both a man and a woman, if not washed off immediately, will kill both within 10 hours.

we are talking about 1. microscopic doses

I don't know what you're talking about, I'm not talking about "microscopic", but about quite definite doses, expressed in numbers.

specific microdoses

What is this set of words? Where did you dig it up?

This looks like an incredible coincidence.

The probability of this coincidence will immediately soar by an order of magnitude, if we assume that one of them touched other parts of the body with contaminated hands, for example, rubbed his eyes. To talk about probability, you need to know every second what happened to each of them from the moment of application. And this is unknown.

took a significant dose

Then you have a "microscopic" dose. Now a "noticeable" dose. You decide for yourself what you want to say!

where contact with matter could easily fluctuate by several orders of magnitude

If you try to think about the meaning of this phrase, you can go crazy.

There is no evidence at all that they were poisoned by something like that.

"Something like that" - what is it? Who doesn't have the facts? You? What "facts" do you need? So as you do not provide, you will repeat: "And you prove it!". This is called the game "Bring a stone from the pile." There is no evidence that they were poisoned by "something like that." There are facts that they were poisoned by something like that!

.It is not known what happened to them, as well as to Navalny.

Everything is well known with Navalny. He was poisoned with a highly toxic cholinesterase inhibitor. How exactly - it is not known exactly (but it is known with a very high probability). Less is known about the Skripals, but everything converges to the same thing - poisoning with a highly toxic cholinesterase inhibitor. And again, the number of substances suitable for this is measured by the largest number - 10.

Stop pretending to be a specialist. You don't know the subject you're talking about. It shows in every sentence you write.

[NG inform]

There is nothing to say - we hit the semantics? Without me.

[Boniface]

Oh! A chic "lollipop" ... and the photos of the explosion are simply amazing, it's scary to imagine it in real life!

[T.A.V.]

They won't use it. Not enough will. We will offend partners

[Sergey Pashchenko]

In fact, such bombs should have been used for a long time in Pesky, Avdeevka, Marinka in Donetsk, and most likely they would have already taken these fortified areas and freed Donetsk from shelling. But ... Our foreign commanders do not dare to tear their uniforms on Russian bayonets.

[smaug78]

Another cheer-horse ... suppress air defense first

[Vladimir Dmitrievich Burtsev]

Heavy-duty bombs are the most effective means for: cleaning the Donbass from Bandera, destroying Bandera fortifications. With the help of such bombs, in combination with Calibers and Iskanders, all military plants, energy supply to strategic facilities, military bases, communications, all large military facilities, headquarters and command posts can be destroyed. That's why the zaluzhny praises Gerasimov for the fact that he slows down the development of the NWO in Ukraine, allows peacefully killing civilians in Donbass, Zaporozhye and Kherson. Both Kyiv and Kharkov could have been cleared of Bandera long ago. They forgot Suvorov's instructions, the main thing: combat training, speed and onslaught.

[antiaircrafter]

it is quite likely that volumetric detonating bombs will enter the pool of serious arguments of the allied forces.

How will they enter if the planes do not fly over Ukraine?
But it wouldn't be bad.

[Prosha]

Quote: musketone64

That is, for example, to use ammunition at night from low altitudes, when MANPADS do not see anything.

And that thermal imagers and radars sleep at night? Or do electrons fly away to spend the winter in space?

[Dmitry Karabanov]

I would like to read not about what we have - but about the fact that these products are really and massively used against Ukroreich! And then in the Kherson region they flood the enemy with Soviet FABs. But these ODAB would be useful now in Kr. Liman!

[Romanenko]

It's high time, the situation is peaking in Liman, carry and cling
Photos may not be sent.

[bulgaria_]

Enough!!!! Why are the Armed Forces of Ukraine going to the Lyman if you have a FAB 500. I also hung up those who write such articles. It's not serious. Yes, they eat Fab and Fab and Fab, only where is the intelligence, why didn’t they immediately kill 10 tice from 15 fab? Still on the way, when they were gathering with air defense vehicles, etc. Why is Lvov still breathing, I can still write, but I don’t want to. For 7+ months I have been watching how the mood in Channel One is changing. And no one will say why?????????

[Mikhail3]

Apparently, the first task that the American tantrums about "the use of tactical nuclear weapons by Russia" is solving is our non-use of such ammunition. As always, due to the fact that the West, dear and beloved by our authorities, may misunderstand.

[meandr51]

When they need a pretext for intervention, they themselves will throw YaB and say that they are Russians. Haley Likely.

[Mikhail3]

I think you are absolutely right. Moreover, they will most likely be thrown at nuclear power plants.

[Starley66]

wow! finally remembered!
we urgently need to use this weapon in large numbers!
drive the fascists away from Donetsk!!!

[sgrabik]

It’s time to use this bomb in the NWO, I don’t understand why we are still embarrassed and do not dare to use it, all means are good to defeat the enemy.

[Putnik_16]

Not yet to be delivered, and air defense is not asleep ...

[Puper driver]

Well, why rejoice? We throw everything from the cabriolet. The Ukrainians have enough air defense, and there will be even more.

[Sergei N 58912062]

It would not be bad to teach ODAB-500 to plan, at least for 50 km.

[Zaurbek]

She descends on a parachute .... somehow you need to come up with a correction

[Zaurbek]

For some reason it's not widely used. ODAB 500 somehow flashed by. But there are also 1500 and 5000kg. It seems to me that it is better not to come up with conditions - urban development, trenches, normal altitude targets. Bakhmut, Ugledar - why not then?

[Dmitry Karabanov]

Well, almost a year later, the ODAB was finally noticed at the front.