Gun with radial guides. "Russian arc" against stereotypes. Innovation and reality
foreword
"There are no analogues!" - so they usually say when it comes to something completely new and progressive.
In a previous article “Pistol concept. A look from a new perspective"acquainting readers with a completely new principle of pistol design - radial valve guides (RNZ), it was said just the opposite - there are analogues. Active! And a lot...
And on the basis of the above analogues, in the most understandable form - by the "method of analogies" - it was intelligibly and convincingly shown that this paradoxical and extremely simple principle, which provides no less significant superiority over all classic pistols, is quite feasible and workable.
A pistol, if you consider it not just as a "compact weapon close combat, but as an engineering and technical task, it is a kind of Fermat's theorem in weapons mechanics, a fundamental object for development, on which the edge of design thought is honed to the degree of "razor sharpening".
The totality of conflicting, sometimes mutually exclusive requirements creates a complex, but all the more interesting for the design search, a tangle of problems.
In such "search for breakthrough solutions to problematic technical problems" for the designer, first of all, it comes to the fore developer's main problem - the ability to overcome deeply rooted stereotypes of thinking.
It was precisely this problem of problems that had to be faced closely in the study of a new, extremely paradoxical and at the same time extremely simple idea - the principle of the radial guides of the pistol shutter.
The novelty and paradoxicality of radial guides (hereinafter - RN), made along the curve, at the first acquaintance imposes additional complexity in understanding this idea. The psychological factors of stereotypes and inertia of thinking, the difficulty of overcoming ingrained cliches and patterns affect. Such ideas are often perceived by people with a conservative mindset as "outrageous blasphemy", as "an unheard-of attack on some sacred ideals." And to allow some miserable intellectual half-witted inventors to imagine themselves as “geniuses of mankind” ... Well, no! These strict guardians are by no means “... not funny when a buffoon dishonoring Alighieri with a despicable parody” ...
Rice. 1. Gun with radial guides
However, upon closer examination, a pistol with radial guides turns out to be by no means a “morbid fantasy of an inflamed mind” of another unfortunate inventor. And the validity and logicality of the use of guides, made along a gentle arc of a circle of large radius, becomes obvious due to a number of achieved significant advantages.
Such is the move stories. The process of breaking old stereotypes.
At the end of the nineteenth century, two prominent people from Germany were also ostracized and ridiculed for a number of years for daring to attach an internal combustion engine to a horse-drawn carriage. Their names were Karl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler. Now it is impossible to imagine modern civilization without a car! And where are all those rabid "ridicule" now?
Principle
The physical meaning of the launch vehicle lies in the fact that, as in the case of rectilinear guides (PN), each point of the guides of the shutter, when it moves along the radius, is mated with the mating surface of the frame guides. This is a consequence of the fundamental and natural geometric property of the circle, as a collection of points equidistant from the center. There are no other similar lines corresponding to this property, which is quite obvious.
Due to this property, the contact of the guides occurs over the entire surface, in contrast, for example, to broken guides (XRB-88 pistol of 0.22LR caliber), where, when they are mutually moved, in any case, only point contact occurs, which, with a sufficiently powerful ammunition, can lead to riveting of the surface of the guides and reduce their survivability.
As follows from the theory, the movement of the shutter is determined primarily by the movement of its center of mass.
It is also known that with an accuracy sufficient for engineering calculations, movement of the body at an angle up to 10 ° in certain cases, it can be equated to movement in a straight line. This is justified by the fact that the cosine of 10° is equal to 0,985, which means a decrease in the axial force (recoil) by only 1,5%, and the sine of 10°, which determines the occurrence of an additional (transverse) force that causes friction on the guides, is equal to 0,17, i.e. 17%. If we multiply this figure by the coefficient of dry friction "steel on steel" f ~ 0,1, we get only 1,7% of the recoil force, which is negligible. Figuratively speaking, it's like ruble without two kopecks.
In the context of this article, it is very appropriate to recall this concept, taken from the elementary foundations of the institute course.
And to remind about it not only to other "sofa connoisseurs-experts" who have even forgotten the tangent of 45 °, but also to individual professional specialists, it seems, who have not been attached to the data "holy academic truths". And therefore, sometimes unable to distinguish a rare diamond from a fragment of a simple glass, throwing it into the nearest puddle ...
It is in this concept that lies one of the main keys to understanding the principle.
On fig. 1 shows the layout of the pistol with PH.
In this scheme, specifically to minimize the transverse component of the recoil force, the radius of the guides is increased so much that the angle of the tangent to the radius arc at the point of the shutter CM (see Fig. 1) is only 2,35 °, i.e., it is taken very flat.
Its sine is sin 2,35° = 0,04, i.e., only 4%, which in the practice of technical calculations is considered to be negligible. In addition, according to the formula for the friction force, the sine, relatively speaking, is multiplied by the friction coefficient f ~ 0,1 (without lubrication).
The friction force in the transverse projection will then average only approx. 0,4% of the kickback force, reaching a maximum of 1,2% with heavy dirt (f ~ 0,3).
As you know, the coefficient of friction, depending on the conditions of lubrication or the degree of contamination of the weapon, can vary. from 0,02 to 0,3, i.e. by 1%. Whether such a small change matters against this background is rather a rhetorical question.
And here we are talking only about the force of friction, arising during the movement of a bullet through the bore, i.e. when the shutter is moved by about 3 mm. Further, the shutter moves purely by inertia, similar to conventional pistols, moving along conventional rail-type guides, proven in practice and operable, including in difficult operating conditions.
On fig. 2 also shows that the total angle of rotation of the shutter during rollback is negligible and is only 1,6°.
Rice. 2. Shutter in recoil position
Close analogues are systems with shutter movement along inclined guides (hereinafter NN), which are described in the article “Pistol concept. A look from a new perspective" have the following parameters:
- for PP MAS-38, the angle of inclination of the guides is 4,2 ° (sin 4,2 ° = 0,07);
– at the Yati-Matic BCP – more than 5° (sin 5° = 0,09);
- for the experimental pistol Randy Neroni - 10 ° (sin 10 ° = 0,17).
At the same time, these systems, primarily the Yati-Matic and MAS-38 software, have passed official tests and, most importantly, have proven their performance over many decades.
In the PH version, the shutter movement is on average almost twice as gentle, and, therefore, the feasibility and performance should not be in doubt.
It is also important to note that the front part of the barrel, passing in the muzzle of the shutter, makes minimal vertical vibrations along the arc of the launch vehicle. With inclined guides (HH), the picture is less favorable.
Conclusion: in this version, the PH in comparison with both straight guides (RL) and inclined guides (NN) have a minimal difference, which can be reasonably neglected. The transverse forces increase by no more than 4%, so the launch vehicles are feasible and efficient, there is no reason to expect a significant decrease in reliability, including in conditions of heavy dusting compared to conventional pistols.
Advantages of RNZ. Quality and consumer properties that are superior to analogues available on the market
The use of PH in the design of the pistol allows you to raise the butt plate of the handle significantly higher than that of classic pistols. Due to this change in the form factor, a number of qualitatively important significant advantages are simultaneously achieved over analogues available on the market.
1. The most important advantage of the launch vehicle is the reduction in the height of the weapon by an average of 20 mm compared to existing analogues.
In this case, a full grip of the handle is ensured (Fig. 6).
Rice. 3. Height dimension and handle size
This advantage is combined with the ergonomic advantage of the handle according to 3 below, which greatly complements it. Jumping ahead a bit, let's take a look at it: "... due to the raised butt plate, the shape of the handle becomes similar to sports pistols and is anatomically most convenient when holding and aiming."
This ensures competitive edge above all classic pistols and especially important for compact concealed carry pistols, which represent a critical market segment.
As evidence, in Fig. 4. The advantage in height of the overall ergonomic model of a pistol with RNZ in comparison with the TT pistol is clearly shown.
Rice. 4. Height advantage. Comparison of the height dimensions of the MMG TT and the overall layout of the pistol with RNZ
An example is the Glock-19 pistol of the compact class, which has a height of 128 mm, and the Glock-26 of the subcompact class, 106 mm high.
For the sake of compactness in height, the Glock-26 handle is shortened by 22 mm, even to the detriment of ease of holding.
In contrast to these models, which are the most popular in the global CSR market, the compact pistol with RNZ (see Fig. 3) has a height subcompact pistol equal to 105 mm with full grip.
Conclusion: thus, in compactness in height, a pistol with RNZ has clear superiority over the market leader Glock-19 pistol on 20%.
2. Gain in reducing the recoil shoulder (hereinafter referred to as RO).
The Glock-19 pistol has a recoil shoulder of PO = 20 mm. However, this is only a conditional software, equal to the distance from the upper part of the butt plate of the handle to the axis of the barrel.
The true recoil shoulder (RPO), which affects the toss of the weapon, is measured from the middle of the wrist joint, and it is approximately 60 mm more than the conventional one.
T. arr. IPO "Glock" will be equal to 60 + 20 \u80d XNUMX mm.
For pistols with RNZ PO = 3 ... 0 mm. Consequently, the IPO will be less by 17 ... 20 mm and will be from 63 to 60 mm.
From this it follows that pistol with RNZ surpasses the Glock-19 pistol in terms of IPO from 27 to 33%, [u]which is significant.
In proportion to these figures, the toss of the weapon during firing also decreases, reducing the time to produce the next accurate shot.
The pistol "Strizh" (Strike One) has a recoil shoulder of 12 mm, and the IPO, respectively, is 72 mm. In this case superiority is from 14 to 20%, which is also significant.
3. Improved handle ergonomics. Due to the raised butt plate, the shape of the handle becomes similar to sports pistols and is anatomically most convenient when holding and aiming.
This ergonomic advantage is also essential.
4. Low line of sights on the slide (Fig. 5).
As the study of the overall ergonomic layout showed, this property is approximately by 20…25% reduces the amplitude of lateral vibrations of sighting devices when aiming and makes pointing and aiming noticeably more convenient and faster.
The gun feels more rigid in the hand. Presumably, this can somewhat speed up the first shot and improve the accuracy of the pistol.
Probably an improvement in intuitive shooting, which requires additional verification.
This advantage is also proposed to be attributed to the essentials.
Rice. 5. View in sight. Low line sights. Comparison of the overall layout and MMG of the TT pistol
5. A significant improvement in the balancing of weapons due to the low location of its center of gravity, due to the lowering of the “bolt-barrel” group of parts weighing about 400 g approximately 20 mm lower, which is unattainable for classic pistols.
This can have some positive effect on the convenience of aiming and manipulating weapons, including when shifting the aiming point sideways (in sports pistols, serious attention is paid to balancing and the low position of the center of gravity).
This property was revealed during the study of the overall ergonomic layout and is not obvious to specialists, since there are no similar analogues among classic pistols (exception - some sporting pistols).
Rice. 5 indirectly gives some idea that the bolt together with the barrel does not rise above the hand as an “inertial mass”, but is sunk down as much as possible. The mass of the shutter is 300 g, the barrel is more than 100 g.
This advantage is also proposed to be attributed to significant.
Rice. 6. Holding in hand the overall layout of the pistol with RNZ. Full grip on the handle
6. High cartridge feed into the chamber. Due to the movement of the ramming lug of the bolt along an arc with some rise upwards, an almost direct supply of the cartridge from the magazine to the chamber is achieved, since the bottom of the upper cartridge in the magazine can be positioned 2 ... 3 mm higher without the risk of double feed, and the front end of the cartridge has an inclination up to the chamber. The reliability of sending cartridges with any types of bullets is increased.
This advantage is also proposed to be attributed to significant.
7. Additional reduction in pistol toss. In a LV pistol, the center of gravity of the bolt is shifted noticeably higher (Fig. 2), and at the moment of firing, not only the recoil force along the barrel axis occurs, but also the rotational moment on the shoulder 5,8 mm (see in the figure) between the axis of the barrel and the center of gravity of the shutter, additionally preventing the muzzle of the pistol from being thrown up.
This property requires experimental verification.
8. The angle of rotation of the shutter during the rollback (Fig. 3), which is 1,6 °, further reduces the amount of toss of sights, since it is subtracted from the total angle of toss of the muzzle. This property is not essential, but plays some positive role.
Some of these properties, namely 4, 5, 6, were not obvious and became clear only as a result of studying the overall ergonomic model of a pistol with RNZ made by the author.
In addition to the above advantages identified in the process of studying the RNZ principle, in the format of a 3D computer model, taking into account the specific features of the application of the RNZ principle the design and layout of a number of common mechanisms and options have been worked out pistol at the level of the most modern requirements for short-barreled weapons.
Hack and predictor Aviator
Based on the analysis of the advantages presented, it can be concluded about the merits of the principle and the significant superiority of the new concept of radial bolt guides over pistols based on the concept of the Glock pistol.
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