122 mm howitzer M-30 (52-G-463)

The 122 millimeter howitzer M-30, which is known in the West as M1938, is a persistent veteran. The howitzer was developed back in 1938, and a year later its mass industrial production began. Produced in large quantities and widely used during World War II, the M-30 howitzer, practically unchanged, is still widespread in the CIS and other countries, although today many armies use it only for training purposes or transferred to the reserve. Although in the CIS countries the production of M-30 was stopped several years ago, the howitzer is still produced in China under the designation 122-mm howitzer Type 54 and Type 54-1. Modification Type 54-1 has a number of design differences, which are caused by features of local technologies.

The 122-millimeter M-30 as a whole has a classical construction: a reliable, durable two-sided carriage, a shield having a raised central sheet that is rigidly fixed, and a barrel without a muzzle brake of 23 length. The gun was equipped with the same gun as the X-NUMX mm howitzer D-152 (M1). Wheels with a large diameter are equipped with solid ramps, to fill in which sponge rubber was used, but the Bulgarian modification M-1943 has wheels of excellent design. Each implement has two types of coulters - for hard and soft soil.

The calculation of the Soviet 122-mm howitzer M-30 in the battle against the German tanks. In the foreground is the dead gunner. 3rd Belorussian Front

122-mm howitzer M-30 Senior Sergeant G.E. Makeeva on Gutenberg Strasse (Gutenberg) in the city of Breslau, Silesia. 1-th Ukrainian Front

Soviet artillery guardsman rests at his 122-mm howitzer M-30 after a battle with German tanks near Kaunas. 3-th Belarusian Front. Author's title of the work - “After the cruel battle”

Soviet self-propelled guns SU-122 are walking across Leningrad to the front, returning from repair

The M-30 howitzer at one time was the main armament of the SU-122 self-propelled guns, which was created on the basis of the T-34 chassis, but at present there are no more units left in any army. In China, this ACS is currently being manufactured: a howitzer Type 54-1 mounted on an BTR chassis Type 531.

The main type of M-30 ammunition is a highly effective fragmentation projectile weighing 21,76 a kilogram, having a range of up to 11,8 thousand m. millimeter armor, but such ammunition is now practically not used.

Until now, it is in service with the armies of many countries of the world, used in almost all significant wars and armed conflicts of the middle and late XX century.

Tactical and technical data122-millimeter howitzer M-30:
The first prototype - 1938 g .;
Beginning of serial production - 1939 g .;
The countries currently in service are the former member countries of the Warsaw Pact, the countries with which the Soviet Union provided military aid, China;
Calculation - 8 people;
The length in the stowed position - 5900 mm;
Width in the stowed position - 1975 mm;
Caliber - 121,92 mm;
The initial velocity of the projectile - 515 meters per second;
Projectile weight - 21,76 kg;
Mass full charge - 2,1 kg;
The maximum pressure of powder gases - 2350 kgf / cm;
Maximum firing range - 11800 m;
Barrel length (without gate) - 2800 mm (22,7 caliber);
The number of grooves - 36;
The length of the threaded part of the barrel - 2278 mm (18,3 gauges);
Cutting width - 7,6 mm;
Cutting depth - 1,01 mm;
The width of the rim fields - 3,04 mm;
The volume of the chamber when using long-range projectile - 3,77 dm3;
Chamber length - 392 mm (3,2 caliber);
Declination angle - -3 °;
Maximum elevation angle - 63 °;
Angle of horizontal fire - 49 °;
Vertical guidance speed (one turn of the flywheel) - approximately 1,1 °;
Horizontal guidance speed (one turn of the flywheel) - approximately 1.5 °;
The height of the line of fire - 1200 mm;
The maximum length of the rollback - 1100 mm;
The recoil length for firing a full charge - from 960 to 1005 mm;
Normal pressure in the tensioner - З8 kgf / cm2;
The amount of fluid in the nakatnik - from 7,1 to 7,2 l;
The volume of fluid in the brake rollback - 10 l;
The height of the gun (elevation angle 0 °) - 1820 mm;
Stroke width - 1600 mm;
Clearance - 330-357 mm;
Wheel diameter - 1205 mm;
Barrel weight with bolt - 725 kg;
Pipe weight - 322 kg;
Casing weight - 203 kg;
Breech weight - 161 kg;
Shutter weight - 33 kg;
Weight of sliding parts - 800 kg;
The weight of the cradle is 135 kg;
The weight of the swinging part - 1000 kg;
The weight of the carriage is 1675 kg;
The weight of the upper machine - 132 kg;
Wheel weight with hub - 179 kg;
Weight of the lower machine - 147 kg;
The weight of the bed (two) - 395 kg;
Weight in the fighting position - 2450 kg;
Weight without chuck in the stowed position - 2500 kg;
Weight ski set LO-4 - 237 kg;
Transfer time between marching and martial law - 1-1,5 min;
Rate of fire - up to 6 shots per minute;
Maximum speed on good roads - 50 km / h;
The pressure of the trunk on the coupling hook - 240 kgf.

A battery of Soviet 122-mm howitzer model 1938 of the year (M-30) firing in Berlin

A column of Soviet half-track tractor ZIS-42 with 122-mm howitzers of model 1938 of the year M-30 on a trailer passes by a light T-60 tank. Leningrad front

Calculation of Soviet 122-mm howitzer model 1938 of the year M-30 behind shield shield

Calculation of the Soviet 122-mm howitzer M-30 in battle against German tanks. In the foreground a dead gunner. 3 Belarusian Front

Soviet soldiers ship an 122-mm howitzer model 1938 of the year M-30 across the Sivash Bay (Rotten Sea) on a pontoon

After the war

Comments

[Brother Sarych]

Yes, it served faithfully to the country and the people!

[Vadivak]

Grandfather at 41 was a political instructor of the same battery, here is an excerpt from the description of the battle with their tanks 141 GAP, 55 SD them. Voroshilov,

German tanks left the forest and rushed to the crossing, this was by noon on June 24, 1941.
Volleys of artillery divisions were aimed, losing tanks, the Germans went into the forest, from where a more powerful wave of tanks went on the offensive, but the enemy tanks could not break through the barrage of artillery.
The division did not have air cover.
Having scouted the location of the batteries, German aviation began massed processing of our battle formations, inflicting losses on personnel and equipment. The attacks of the Germans in cooperation with aviation intensified. By 15 hours a critical situation was created, the enemy tanks were approaching the bridge. An order was issued to direct part of the howitzers to direct fire. Having suffered significant losses in tanks, the enemy for some time left the battlefield.
The German command realized that tanks would not pass the defense of our troops without strengthening air support. The air of fascist German troops began to be continuously in the air, intensively processing the positions of 55 SD. The positions of our regiment were subjected to especially bombing and machine-gun fire

[Evil Tatar]

He served in such a division in Kamchatka ...
M-30 howitzer barrel, model 1902

[uncle gosh]

I served in the Lenin Regiment in Petropavlovsk.

[Alexander Sokolov_6]

Evil Tatar and part not 74013,75 plot, Solnechnaya street. 821 art division????? He served there from 70 to 72, art reconnaissance, surveyor.

[borisst64]

Do not forget the chief designer of the Motovilikhinsky plant - F.F. Petrov

[admiral993]

Yeah .. here he is a real "long-liver" - several wars passed with honor. An excellent weapon!

[vik71]

Yes, there are no words .... And my contribution to that -OUR VICTORY was probably made by at least 34. Universal, simple and effective.

[wasjasibirjac]

and Transbaikalia, in headphones such still stand in warehouses. we were trained at 92 at such training camps, there were also pre-war graduations. worked fine

[berserk1967]

Back in 96, I served in the Skovorodino artillery regiment, where two M-30 divisions were in service, and I myself commanded the D-1 battery, which was created on the basis of the M-30. And these guns not only stood in storage, but at least once every two months conducted live firing.

[Argonaut]

Glorious and fighting pawza.

[nnz226]

Glory to the Soviet gunners !!! Fighting from a howitzer with advancing German tanks is HEROISM !!! HEAVY DUTY WEAPONS AND DO NOT CHANGE THE MANUAL POSITION, as in 45-ki or ZiS-3. That is, they stood to death !!!

[Alf]

The tool in a purely Soviet system is simple, reliable, cheap, DEADLY!

[Chern]

In the old days I had a chance to study this howitzer. And even bang out of it a dozen times. A great tool - as simple as a glass of vodka, and just as reliable. And surprisingly accurate.

[Sergl]

Thanks to the author for the photos.

But the gun has an interesting fate and history. M-30 has incorporated a lot of already worked out design solutions and mechanisms. So, the barrel structure is identical to the barrel structure of the 122 mm howitzer, developed by Krupp on the order of the imperial army. This decision is primarily due to the desire to give the army an instrument that can quickly be quickly mastered by industry and enlisted in large numbers.

[banz]

We are still in service in Moldova.

[ampere]

At 12-00 I have such a fuss every day. On the mountain stands, near the chapel. I still can’t get used to it.

[olezenka1]

Quote: amper

At 12-00 I have such a fuss every day. On the mountain stands, near the chapel. I still can’t get used to it.

This is in Krasnoyarsk. And you don’t need to get used to it, you just have to accept and be proud !.