"First" and "most": record submarines
The atomic missile cruisers of the 667 family are the most massive strategic submarines.
Sevmash is not just a shipyard where submarines are built. This enterprise is the forge of record-breaking submarines, for which the epithets “first” and “most” are often used. A number of records of these submarines are not beaten to this day. It is unlikely that they will be surpassed in the foreseeable future. Recall them.
First in the world with ballistic missiles. In 1955, on Sevmash, according to the B611 “Wave” project, developed by TsKB-16 (from 1974 - as a part of the Malakhit SPMBM), the world's first submarine, which received ballistic missiles, was re-equipped. 16 September 1955 in the White Sea from the board of the submarine B-67 launched a ballistic missile R-11FM, which hit the battlefield at the range.
The launch of a ballistic missile from a submarine B-67.The world's first serial rocket. In 1957-1958 at Sevmash, 4 submarines were completed or re-equipped (the fifth was being converted at Dalzavod) according to the AB611 project (Zulu V - according to the NATO classification). They became the world's first serial submarines with ballistic missiles. They have two missiles
R-11FM in the stowed position was located in vertical shafts inside a sturdy hull and fencing fence. The missiles were launched from the water position from the launch pad, raised to the upper section of the mine. In 1957, on the North navy the first strategic submarine crew was formed under the command of Captain 1st Rank S.S. Khomchik.
The most massive strategic. In the middle of 60-s in Severodvinsk, construction of strategic nuclear-powered submarine cruisers (SSBN) of the 667A project (Yankee - according to NATO classification) developed by TsKB-18 (now TsDB MT Rubin) began. The plant handed over to the Navy 24 such nuclear-powered ships (including the Soviet fleet received 34 submarines built at the Amur Shipbuilding Plant), the main weapons which became the 16 ballistic missile complex D-5. Putting them into operation allowed the USSR to establish nuclear parity with the United States of America. Boats of this type are the most popular among strategic submarine missile carriers. They served as the prototype for SSBN 667B «Moray» (18 units, including 10 built at Sevmash) 667BD "Murena-M» (4 - all at Sevmash) 667BDR "Kalmar» (14 - all at Sevmash) and 667BDRM "Dolphin" (7 - all on Sevmash). Thus, in Severodvinsk, 59 (!) Was built from 77 SSBNs of this family.
The R-11FM rocket is launched from the submarine of the AB611 project.
The submarine K-162 of the 661 project is the fastest submarine in the world.
The world's first titanium and the fastest. In 1958, the TsKB-16 embarked on the creation of the nuclear submarine of the 661 project (Papa - according to NATO classification). In December, the X-NUMX K-1963 submarine was laid at the Northern Machine-Building Enterprise in Severodvinsk, and it was launched on the 162 in December. Such significant periods were due to a number of circumstances. It was the world's first titanium alloy submarine armed with the Amethyst anti-ship missile system - the first in the world with an underwater launch. That is why the design and construction of K-1968 was accompanied by the implementation of a large amount of scientific and experimental design work. The submarine project 162 - the fastest in the world. On tests, she showed the speed of the full submerged 661 node. Until now, this record is not broken by anyone.
The world's first fully automated nuclear submarine fighter. From 1959 in SKB-143 (from 1974 - as part of the Malakhit SPMBM), work began on designing a small atomic, highly automated, high-speed, anti-submarine defense submarine, later designated the “705 project” (Alfa - according to the NATO classification). In total, the fleet received 7 boats of this type, including the revised project 705K, three of which were built on Sevmash. These submarine fighters with a normal displacement 2250 t had a body made of titanium alloy, reactors with liquid metal coolant, the full speed of the submersible 38 nodes (according to this indicator, the project 705 submarines were inferior only to the 661 submarine). Their weapons included 18 torpedoes and rocket-torpedoes. Due to the introduction of integrated automation systems, the crew size was to be 18 people. However, at the insistence of the command of the Navy, it was increased to 32 people. Until today, submarines of the 705 project have no analogues.
Submarine fighter project 705K.
The K-278 is the deepest submarine of the 685 project.
The deepest. In 1983, an experienced nuclear submarine K-278 of the 685 project (Mike - according to the NATO classification) developed by LMBF (now TsBB MT Rubin) and built by Sevmash became part of the Northern Fleet. This titanium alloy submarine was unique not only because it could dive to depths greater than 1000 m, where it was inaccessible to the enemy’s anti-submarine weapons, but also because it could fire torpedoes at great depths thanks to the special torpedo tubes with pneumatic-hydraulic power units. type
The nuclear submarine K-278, called Komsomolets, was successfully operated for several years. Unfortunately, this unparalleled boat died on April 7 1989 in the Norwegian Sea due to fire.
The biggest in the world. In December, the Sevmash 1981 handed over to the Northern Fleet the heavy nuclear-powered strategic missile cruiser TK-208, the world's largest submarine in the world. Its length is 172 m, and its width is more than 23 m. The submerged displacement of the atomic Leviathan reaches 48000 T. The 941 “Shark” project (Typhoon - according to NATO classification) of heavy SSBN was developed by LMBP (TsKB MT Rubin) for a solid propellant intercontinental ballistic missile MS -52, having 10 100 CT unit warheads each. 941 submarines of the 20 are armed with such missiles. The mines of the launchers are located between two parallel sturdy hulls. Despite its cyclopean dimensions, the submarines of the 941 project are among the lowest-noise among Soviet nuclear-powered submarines. A total of 6 boats of this type were built. The head TK-208, which received the name Dmitry Donskoy in the Russian Navy, was re-equipped according to the 941U project and is now used as a platform for testing the latest strategic missile complex Bulava. It is expected that the remaining two "Sharks" in the Navy will be equipped with new weapon systems.
The first strategic fourth generation. 15 in April 2007 from the 55 workshop of Sevmash was solemnly launched the head submarine "Yuri Dolgoruky" of the 955 "Borey" project - the first rocket strategic submarine of the fourth generation. She is now undergoing a comprehensive test cycle.
The 941 “Shark” submarine is the largest submarine in the world.
The submarine "Yuri Dolgoruky" project 955 "Borey" - the first strategic-purpose submarine of the fourth generation.
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