Tank T-55AGM. Ukraine
Kharkiv offered at once several options for modernization, which is called, in order to satisfy any desires of customers.
So y tank a deep modernization of the combat compartment has been carried out allowing, at the request of customers, the installation of a 125 mm KBM1 gun or 120 mm KBM2 (upgraded KBM1 for NATO ammunition). This cannon can fire both conventional shells and ATGMs, which makes it possible to confidently hit modern MBTs at distances up to 5000 meters.
By car at the rear of the turret, an automatic loader was installed in the armored compartment. Due to this, the number of crew members in the tank was reduced to 3 people. The automatic loader also made it possible to increase the rate of fire of the car to 8 shots per minute. Machine gun armament is standard, 7,62 mm coaxial machine gun and 12,7 mm - anti-aircraft, however, depending on the order of machine guns can be set our or NATO.
On the modernized Tankt-55AGM, a modern fire control system is installed, which ensures that the gunner and commander conduct firing at fixed and moving targets from the spot and in motion with a high probability of hitting the first shot.
The fire control system consists of a gunner's 1K14 day sight, a PTT-M thermal sight designed by the SAMG thermal imaging temperetor company SAGEM, a PNN-4C commander-of-sight complex, an NNXXC anti-aircraft sight, an 7 anti-aircraft powering system, an 1 anti-aircraft installation control system, and the 29 anti-aircraft installation. -In with sensors input information, weapon stabilizer 2E42 and other devices. The gunner's 1K14 day sight has a line of sight stabilized in two planes, an integrated laser range finder and a guided missile control channel. It implements an automated offsetting gyroscopes. The field of view of the sight has an increase in 10x.
The built-in laser rangefinder provides distance measurement to the target to 9990 meters and has an accuracy of up to 10 meters. The measured range is displayed along with the ready-to-fire signal and the type of ammunition in the lower part of the field of view of the gunner’s sight.
The PTT-M thermal sight includes a gunner optoelectronic device, a monitor and a commander’s remote control. The thermal sight allows the gunner and the commander to detect targets and fire (commander in the mode of duplicated fire control) at them in almost any weather conditions at long distances and with high accuracy, which is a great advantage when working in poor visibility conditions, as well as in the dark days. The thermal sight also makes it possible to ignore the presence of some common obstructions, such as smoke characteristic of the battlefield.
The sighting and observation complex of the commander PNK-4С consists of the combined day-night sight of the commander TKN-4С and the gun position sensor.
The commander's combined sight TKN-4С has a vertical line of sight and three channels: a day single channel, a day multiple channel with magnification 7,6x and a night channel with a magnification 5,8х.
The anti-aircraft sight allows the commander to fire at aerial targets from an anti-aircraft machine gun, while being protected by the turret armor.
The digital ballistic computer LIO-V for the calculation of ballistic corrections automatically takes into account the signals from the following sensors:
* tank speed
* target angular velocity
* roll angle of gun axles
* transverse component of wind speed
* target range
* heading angle
Additionally, the following parameters are entered for manual calculation: ambient air temperature, charge temperature, barrel bore wear, ambient air pressure, etc.
The turret drive is electric, and the gun drive is hydraulic. In case of emergency, hand-operated guns and turret guidance drives are provided.
A feature of the tank is the presence of guided weapons, which allows firing from the gun with guided missiles with laser guidance and hitting targets with a probability of at least 0,8 at ranges up to 5000 m. Guided weapons also provide the tank with the ability to hit helicopters hovering over the battlefield, firing from inaccessible for normal tank armament distance.
Shooting a rocket can be carried out in motion on a moving target. The missile has a tandem warhead, which allows it to hit targets equipped with dynamic protection, as well as modern multi-layered armor, which has improved protection characteristics against cumulative ammunition.
Shooting from a machine gun paired with a cannon can be fired from the gunner’s seat or commander at stationary targets, such as buildings and bunkers.
The propulsion unit proposed for installation in upgraded tanks was developed on the basis of the 5TDFM engine with 850l.s power. This power plant is structurally and technologically made in the form of a separate module, welded instead of the aft part of the hull being cut off. The specified engine is a two-stroke multi-fuel diesel engine with a direct-flow purge, liquid cooling, with horizontally spaced cylinders and anti-moving pistons.
The engine runs on various types of fuel: diesel, gasoline, kerosene, jet fuel or a mixture of them in any proportion.
Removal of power is carried out from two sides of the crankshaft. The engine is mounted using two cylindrical supports (yoke), coaxially with the power shaft and located at the ends of the engine, and the front support located on the lower surface of the engine. This method of mounting the engine does not require adjustment and alignment operation when installing the engine in the logging system, unlike the standard version of the tank.
The main feature of a power plant with an 5TDFM engine is an ejection cooling system, a highly efficient system for cleaning the air entering the engine, the presence of a special air intake device to overcome the ford to a depth of 1,8 m and high tightness of the MTO.
Cooling system - liquid, closed, forced, ejection type. The cooling system ejector runs on the engine exhaust. The absence of a fan and a drive reducer significantly reduces the mass of the cooling system, provides a high level of reliability and self-regulation and ensures the operation of the tank without restrictions at high temperatures. Highly efficient cyclone cassette air cleaner provides air cleaning from dust by 99,8%.
After modernization, the following tank parameters are provided:
increase in average speed on a dirt road by 22%;
ensuring operation at ambient temperatures up to + 55 0С;
ensuring the operation of tanks in dusty conditions before servicing the 35 cassette motochas or 1000 km;
providing ford without preparation to 1,8 m.
These differences ensured an increase in the mobility and controllability parameters of the T-55 AGM tank in comparison with the T-55:
* The maximum forward speed on paved roads increased to 70 km / h instead of 50 km / h (by 40%)
* 5 reverse gears allowed to increase the rollback speed over 30 km / h instead of 6 km / h (5 times)
* Unlike the T-55 tank, which provides the minimum turning radius on the 1 transmission only around the braked track, the T-55-AGM tank motion control system allows turning both around the braked track and around the tank axis, depending on the amount of movement of the steering control .
The complex of additional protection of the T-55AGM (KDZ) tank is designed to increase the level of protection of the tank against cumulative and kinetic (armor-piercing sub-caliber shells - BPS) of damaging means with the smallest possible increase in tank mass. KDZ consists of passive armor protection and built-in dynamic protection (VDZ).
A removable module is installed on the nose of the tank hull.
On the sides of the installed power screens and rubber cloths.
Along the outer perimeter of the frontal and side portions of the tower are placed modular sections, as well as containers mounted on the roof of the tower. The elements of dynamic protection of the new generation of the “Knife” type are installed inside each VDZ section and each container.
The protective effect of the VDZ on the cumulative means is based on the destruction, crushing and change of the direction of the cumulative jet due to the impact of EDS parts and detonation products of the explosive inside the EDS and initiated by the cumulative jet.
The protective effect of the VDZ on the kinetic projectile is based on the destruction of its body and changing the direction of its introduction due to the impact of the detonation products of an explosive that is inside the Dynamic Protection Element (EHD) and is initiated by the kinetic energy of the projectile. The VDZ installation increases the level of protection of the T-55AGM tank:
* from cumulative damaging means - in 2,3 ... 2,6 times;
* from kinetic damaging means - in 3,5 ... 4,3 times.
The elements of dynamic protection (EDS), which are part of the VDZ, do not detonate when they hit the bullets of small and automatic weapons caliber 7,62 mm, 12,7 mm, and projectiles of automatic guns caliber to 30 mm, as well as from the effects of incendiary mixtures of the Napalm type and the damaging factors of a volume explosion.
In order to improve the protective characteristics of the T-55AGM tank, it is proposed to use an aerosol curtain formulation system (SPAZ) in its composition.
The aerosol screening system is designed to suppress ATGM control systems using laser illumination of targets and heads with semi-active laser homing, as well as artillery systems with laser rangefinders, by detecting laser radiation, determining its direction and remotely deploying high-speed aerosol curtains.
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