Before 2030, Roscosmos plans to land astronauts on the moon
According to the strategy of space activity of the Russian Federation, developed by Roscosmos, it is planned to fly around the moon and land on its surface astronauts from Russia before 2030, reports Newsru.com.
The document posted on the agency’s website states that during this period it is planned to operate the lunar orbital base “in the visited mode”, as well as work on the maintenance and repair of large spacecraft.
In accordance with the draft Strategy, there are three frontiers for the development of the national space industry. The first one, presented as a “frontier of restoration of capabilities” and calculated up to 2015 of the year, involves the creation of the first stage of the Vostochny cosmodrome and ensuring readiness for the launch of automatic spacecraft from it, the creation of a scientific and technical reserve with the aim of implementing major projects in subsequent periods aimed at the exploration and development of deep space.
The second frontier, implying a “consolidation of opportunities,” is supposed to be achieved by the 2020 year. Prior to this, it is planned to create the necessary conditions for independent access of the Russian Federation into space from its territory, the completion of the operation of the ISS (International Space Station) and the implementation of measures related to its preparation for a controlled descent from orbit. In addition, the specialists will be engaged in the creation and preparation of flight tests, which will have to pass a heavy manned ship of the new generation.
At the second line, the department also plans to take part as part of an international team in activities related to the launch of research stations to Jupiter, Venus, Mars and asteroids.
Recall that quite recently, the Marsan project of Rosaviakosmos worth five billion ended in a grand failure. On November 9, last year, the Phobos-Grunt vehicle was launched to the Mars satellite Phobos. After the separation from the Zenit launch vehicle, the device did not appear in the launching orbit. After repeated unsuccessful efforts to restore the 15 connection with him this January, fragments of "Phobos-Grunt", not burned down in the atmosphere, fell into the waters of the Pacific Ocean. And in April, Roscosmos experts announced that the project associated with the launch of Phobos-Grunt would be repeated.
Overcoming the main "breakthrough line" in the Strategy is planned to be implemented by 2030. Prior to this, it is planned to create a space rocket complex of a super heavy class, develop the means necessary for contact research and further exploration of the Moon, implement a demonstration manned flyby of the Earth satellite with the subsequent landing of Russian cosmonauts on its surface and return to Earth.
In addition, within the framework of this program, specialists plan to conduct activities related to the deployment and maintenance of orbital groups of spacecraft, which ensure the formation and satisfaction of the needs of science, the socio-economic sphere, defense and security of Russia in the results of space activities. It is also planned to create advanced technologies related to the maintenance, refueling and repair of aircraft in near-Earth space.
As you know, for the first time, a man landed on the moon 21 July 1969 of the year in the framework of the program of the United States of America under the name Apollo. The first man to step onto the surface of the moon is astronaut Neil Armstrong, the second is Edwin Aldrin. Michael Collins, the third member of the crew, was at that time in the orbital module.
The Soviet Union in the 70 of the 20 of the century was engaged in research on the lunar surface using two radio-controlled self-propelled vehicles (Lunokhod-1 and Lunokhod-2). In 1976, the program ended. In 90, the moon was explored using the Japanese Hiten satellite, the American Lunar Prospector and Clementine spacecraft.
Note that in the 2004 year, US President George W. Bush announced that Washington was planning to create new manned spacecraft in the next ten years, capable of carrying people to the Moon and the lunar rover, and laying the first lunar bases for the 2020 year.
Since 2007, China has officially announced its entry into the moon race, and in 2008, India. In 2009, the planned fall of the Moon into the crater Kabeus of the American LCROSS spacecraft and the upper stage Centaurus was made. Shortly thereafter, NASA officials reported finding water on the moon.
The strategy also assumes that Russia will be engaged in the development of technical means of protecting Russian spacecraft, including the use of the right to self-defense. The document also states that for the implementation of strategic interests in space, our country needs independent access to space, which eliminates the risks of "unfriendly actions on the part of other countries."
The document emphasizes that Russia will continue to strive for consistently upholding the fundamental right of any state to independent access to space. However, this should take into account the unconditional fulfillment of obligations related to the non-proliferation of missile technologies.
The draft program also indicates that in order to ensure the necessary level of the country's national security and the status of the Russian Federation as a leading space power, it is necessary to fully develop the Russian rocket and space industry, which is able to develop and manufacture world-class space technology in all major areas of space technology. activities.
At the same time, the Strategy states that the Russian Federation will observe the principle of “the priority of international space law over national law”.
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