"The new ship in the old case", what is happening?
The capabilities of the Ministry of Defense and the shipbuilding industry do not yet allow building the necessary ships that meet modern requirements quickly and in large quantities. The way out of this situation is the modernization of existing ships and submarines, providing for the installation of new airborne equipment and weapons. In recent years, a number of combat units have undergone such an update, and the repair program with simultaneous modernization continues. In the very near future, it will produce new results, but for the time being it is possible to become familiar with the successes achieved and plans for the future.
Surface upgrade
Perhaps the most interesting projects currently are the modernization of the aircraft-carrying cruiser Admiral fleet Soviet Union Kuznetsov "and heavy nuclear missile cruisers of the project 1144" Orlan ". Repair and updating of the only Russian aircraft carrier began just a few months ago and, for obvious reasons, has not yet been completed. Ship with new systems and weapons will be back in operation only at the beginning of the next decade. At the same time, the missile cruiser “Admiral Nakhimov”, which is currently in the dock of the Sevmash enterprise, is expected to surrender to the fleet. Only after the completion of work on this ship will begin the modernization of the other two "Orlans".
The cruiser "Admiral Nakhimov" at the plant "Sevmash"
In 2011, the overhaul of the Marshal Ustinov missile cruiser (1164 Atlant project) was launched. The Zvezdochka plant has restored the technical readiness of hull structures, the main power plant, the steering wheel, general ship systems, etc. The existing electronic devices were replaced with modern ones. For several reasons, the deadlines for completing the work have been shifted several times. As a result, in the fall of 2016, Marshal Ustinov was tested, and a few months later returned to the combat squadron of the Northern Fleet.
In 2018, the modernization of another “Atlanta” - the cruiser “Moscow” should begin. According to known data, according to the results of these works, the ship will restore the technical readiness of all major systems, as well as receive modern radio-electronic means. Also reported a partial upgrade of the weapons complex. Instead of the existing C-300F anti-aircraft missile system, the latest C-400 will be installed.
Ambiguous situation with the destroyers of the project 956 "Sarich." In the middle of the last decade, when the repair program was launched, there were eight such ships in the ranks. Currently, only two destroyers are serving - Quick and Admiral Ushakov. Four more were written off, one of them was going to make a museum. Two ships were to be repaired and upgraded.
In 2005, the destroyer Sturny arrived at Dalzavod. Due to technical and technological reasons, the repair of this ship was seriously delayed. So, it was only at the beginning of this decade that the process of repairing the main power plant was started, which had to be dismantled from a ship and sent to one of the adjacent factories. Repair "stormy" has not yet been completed. According to the latest reports from last year, proposals were being considered for the continuation of repairs or for the conservation of the ship.
In 2013, the repair of the destroyer "Insistent" started. According to published data, the restoration of the power plant and some updating of general ship systems was required. Replacement of weapons was not offered. In the foreseeable future, modernization of the 956 project ships remaining in service may begin. It also does not exclude the possibility of repairing the destroyer "Fearless", in reserve from the 1999 year.
The current situation with the modernization of the large anti-submarine ship Admiral Chabanenko, the only representative of the 1155.1 project, can be a cause for concern. In the spring of 2014, the 35-y ship repair yard accepted this ship for medium repairs. Soon it was decided to conduct a major upgrade with the replacement of a significant part of the onboard equipment. According to the following news, all work and tests will be completed only in 2022-23, and only after that the Northern Fleet will continue to operate the ship.
At the end of last year, after a number of years of repair, the large landing ship Orsk of the 1171 project Tapir returned to the Black Sea Fleet. In 2016, repair of the Olenegorsky Miner BDK of the 775 project began in Baltiysk. According to known data, the projects for the repair and modernization of amphibious ships provide for the replacement of electronic equipment, but do not affect the weapons complex.
Scuba update
The principle of repair with the restoration of technical readiness and the replacement of certain systems with modern samples is also used in updating the submarine fleet. In recent years, a number of similar projects have been launched, as a result of which existing submarines should receive new weapons, and with it new combat capabilities.
Submarine "Tula", recently upgraded
At the beginning of 2014, the K-266 “Eagle” submarine of the 949A “Antey” project from the Northern Fleet went to the Zvyozdochka enterprise dock for modernization. The 949AM update project provided for the replacement of a number of systems and the installation of new weapons. Instead of anti-ship missiles P-700 "Granit" is now proposed to use the newer P-800 "Onyx". Among other things, this rearmament led to a threefold increase in ammunition. Despite all the measures taken, the repair of the boat was delayed. Its completion was announced only in October last year.
According to the latest plans of the Ministry of Defense, in the foreseeable future, a total of four submarines will be updated for the 949AM project. Now the ships K-132 "Irkutsk", K-442 "Chelyabinsk" and K-186 "Omsk" are being rebuilt in different factories. It is expected that all the required work will be completed in the first years of the next decade. Several other submarines of the 949A project will have to retain the existing complete set and armament complex based on the Granit missile.
The Navy has two nuclear submarines of the 945 "Barracuda" project. They are also planned to be updated and improved. Since 2013, the ship K-239 "Karp" is under repair. Due to the great age of the equipment, it takes a lot of time and effort to restore it. In addition, the project provides for the replacement of part of the on-board equipment and ensuring compatibility with the Kaliber-PL missile system. As a consequence, the work on the "Carp" should be completed only by the end of the decade. Soon after, the second submarine of the 945 project, the K-276 Kostroma, will arrive at the Zvezdochka plant. Its modernization will continue, at least until the mid-twenties.
Almost all of the 11 available nuclear submarines with cruise missiles of the 971 Shchuka-B project will have to be repaired and upgraded. The 971M project provides for the upgrade of radio-electronic equipment and the installation of the Caliber-PL missile system. The presence of missiles significantly increase the combat potential of the boats.
Currently, immediately seven "Schuk" undergo upgrades. Works are carried out at the Zvezda and Zvezdochka factories. The first representative of the updated project was to be the boat K-328 "Leopard", put to repair in 2011 year. Initially, the delivery of this ship was planned for 2014-15 years, but the work was noticeably delayed. The head submarine of the 971M project, as well as other ships, still remain in the workshops and are not ready for continuation of service. However, the first upgraded submarines are planned to be returned to the customer already in 2018-19.
At the end of December 2017, the Northern Fleet received the upgraded strategic submarine cruiser K-114 “Tula” of the project 667БДРМ. At the moment, this is the last submarine of the type “Dolphin”, which has been repaired In the course of recent work, she, like several ships of the same type, received new equipment. The ship was re-equipped and can now use modern ballistic missiles "Sineva" or "Liner". A few weeks ago, the Zvezdochka company began similar work on the Krynan-117 Bryansk nuclear submarine. Thus, all the submarines of the project 667BDRM, built in the eighties of the last century, were restored and updated.
A few years ago, a large-scale modernization program for diesel-electric submarines of the 877 "Halibus" project began. In accordance with the adopted plans, nearly a dozen and a half of such ships were to receive new equipment, including the Caliber-PL missile system. According to known data, in the 2012-17 years, three submarines have undergone the necessary re-equipment and were returned to the fleet. A few more ships are in shipyards and receive the required equipment. Other "Halibuses" while you have to continue to serve in the existing configuration. According to various data and estimates, the upgrade of the 14 submarines can continue until at least the mid-twenties.
Terms and problems
The idea of deep modernization of ships and submarines with the installation of new equipment and weapons in itself looks very interesting and promising. This technique does not require the construction of large and complex hull structures, power plants, etc. As a result, it is possible to save time and money. However, as practice shows, it is not always possible to obtain the desired savings and the expected benefits.
The submarine "Eagle" during the repair
Considering the recent and current projects of modernization of technology, you can see that almost always ships return to the system with some delay regarding the original plans. However, it cannot be denied that - with all the delays and problems - the equipment, with very few exceptions, still proceeds to service and makes its contribution to the combat capability of the navy.
Such phenomena that have a negative impact on the development of the fleet have their own reasons. In the past, the main prerequisite for delaying the work was the limited financial capacity of the customer. Later, the state found the opportunity to allocate the necessary money to the Navy in time for the construction of new ships or the modernization of existing ones. Thus, one of the main problems was almost completely solved.
However, as it turned out, even increased defense spending does not allow for construction or modernization in the shortest possible time and in the desired volumes. Now, the reasons for the failure to meet the deadlines are the lack of production capacity, their limited capabilities and organizational problems. Also a prerequisite for the difficulty of work on military projects may be the presence of other orders, for which you want to distribute the existing forces.
Undoubtedly, the programs of construction and modernization of ships, auxiliary vessels and submarines are faced with various problems. Often these problems are manifested in the breakdown of deadlines and the later transfer of the ordered equipment. Unfortunately, all this has a certain negative impact on the development of the Navy and its combat capability. In general, the fleet and in the current situation retains the required performance and is able to make the necessary contribution to the country's defense. However, it should be noted that in the absence of characteristic problems, the indicators of the Navy would have been significantly higher.
And yet the process of updating existing ships and submarines continues. Several orders are scheduled for delivery this year, with the result that a number of combat units of the surface and submarine fleets will receive new capabilities that distinguish them favorably from other models. The ships and submarines that have undergone modernization, together with the equipment of the new construction, will nevertheless bring the fleet into the desired form and will ensure the protection of the country's sea borders.
On the materials of the sites:
http://mil.ru/
http://aoosk.ru/
http://sevmash.ru/
http://tass.ru/
http://ria.ru/
https://vz.ru/
http://flotprom.ru/
http://flot.ru/
http://korabel.ru/
Surface upgrade
Perhaps the most interesting projects currently are the modernization of the aircraft-carrying cruiser Admiral fleet Soviet Union Kuznetsov "and heavy nuclear missile cruisers of the project 1144" Orlan ". Repair and updating of the only Russian aircraft carrier began just a few months ago and, for obvious reasons, has not yet been completed. Ship with new systems and weapons will be back in operation only at the beginning of the next decade. At the same time, the missile cruiser “Admiral Nakhimov”, which is currently in the dock of the Sevmash enterprise, is expected to surrender to the fleet. Only after the completion of work on this ship will begin the modernization of the other two "Orlans".
The cruiser "Admiral Nakhimov" at the plant "Sevmash"
In 2011, the overhaul of the Marshal Ustinov missile cruiser (1164 Atlant project) was launched. The Zvezdochka plant has restored the technical readiness of hull structures, the main power plant, the steering wheel, general ship systems, etc. The existing electronic devices were replaced with modern ones. For several reasons, the deadlines for completing the work have been shifted several times. As a result, in the fall of 2016, Marshal Ustinov was tested, and a few months later returned to the combat squadron of the Northern Fleet.
In 2018, the modernization of another “Atlanta” - the cruiser “Moscow” should begin. According to known data, according to the results of these works, the ship will restore the technical readiness of all major systems, as well as receive modern radio-electronic means. Also reported a partial upgrade of the weapons complex. Instead of the existing C-300F anti-aircraft missile system, the latest C-400 will be installed.
Ambiguous situation with the destroyers of the project 956 "Sarich." In the middle of the last decade, when the repair program was launched, there were eight such ships in the ranks. Currently, only two destroyers are serving - Quick and Admiral Ushakov. Four more were written off, one of them was going to make a museum. Two ships were to be repaired and upgraded.
In 2005, the destroyer Sturny arrived at Dalzavod. Due to technical and technological reasons, the repair of this ship was seriously delayed. So, it was only at the beginning of this decade that the process of repairing the main power plant was started, which had to be dismantled from a ship and sent to one of the adjacent factories. Repair "stormy" has not yet been completed. According to the latest reports from last year, proposals were being considered for the continuation of repairs or for the conservation of the ship.
In 2013, the repair of the destroyer "Insistent" started. According to published data, the restoration of the power plant and some updating of general ship systems was required. Replacement of weapons was not offered. In the foreseeable future, modernization of the 956 project ships remaining in service may begin. It also does not exclude the possibility of repairing the destroyer "Fearless", in reserve from the 1999 year.
The current situation with the modernization of the large anti-submarine ship Admiral Chabanenko, the only representative of the 1155.1 project, can be a cause for concern. In the spring of 2014, the 35-y ship repair yard accepted this ship for medium repairs. Soon it was decided to conduct a major upgrade with the replacement of a significant part of the onboard equipment. According to the following news, all work and tests will be completed only in 2022-23, and only after that the Northern Fleet will continue to operate the ship.
At the end of last year, after a number of years of repair, the large landing ship Orsk of the 1171 project Tapir returned to the Black Sea Fleet. In 2016, repair of the Olenegorsky Miner BDK of the 775 project began in Baltiysk. According to known data, the projects for the repair and modernization of amphibious ships provide for the replacement of electronic equipment, but do not affect the weapons complex.
Scuba update
The principle of repair with the restoration of technical readiness and the replacement of certain systems with modern samples is also used in updating the submarine fleet. In recent years, a number of similar projects have been launched, as a result of which existing submarines should receive new weapons, and with it new combat capabilities.
Submarine "Tula", recently upgraded
At the beginning of 2014, the K-266 “Eagle” submarine of the 949A “Antey” project from the Northern Fleet went to the Zvyozdochka enterprise dock for modernization. The 949AM update project provided for the replacement of a number of systems and the installation of new weapons. Instead of anti-ship missiles P-700 "Granit" is now proposed to use the newer P-800 "Onyx". Among other things, this rearmament led to a threefold increase in ammunition. Despite all the measures taken, the repair of the boat was delayed. Its completion was announced only in October last year.
According to the latest plans of the Ministry of Defense, in the foreseeable future, a total of four submarines will be updated for the 949AM project. Now the ships K-132 "Irkutsk", K-442 "Chelyabinsk" and K-186 "Omsk" are being rebuilt in different factories. It is expected that all the required work will be completed in the first years of the next decade. Several other submarines of the 949A project will have to retain the existing complete set and armament complex based on the Granit missile.
The Navy has two nuclear submarines of the 945 "Barracuda" project. They are also planned to be updated and improved. Since 2013, the ship K-239 "Karp" is under repair. Due to the great age of the equipment, it takes a lot of time and effort to restore it. In addition, the project provides for the replacement of part of the on-board equipment and ensuring compatibility with the Kaliber-PL missile system. As a consequence, the work on the "Carp" should be completed only by the end of the decade. Soon after, the second submarine of the 945 project, the K-276 Kostroma, will arrive at the Zvezdochka plant. Its modernization will continue, at least until the mid-twenties.
Almost all of the 11 available nuclear submarines with cruise missiles of the 971 Shchuka-B project will have to be repaired and upgraded. The 971M project provides for the upgrade of radio-electronic equipment and the installation of the Caliber-PL missile system. The presence of missiles significantly increase the combat potential of the boats.
Currently, immediately seven "Schuk" undergo upgrades. Works are carried out at the Zvezda and Zvezdochka factories. The first representative of the updated project was to be the boat K-328 "Leopard", put to repair in 2011 year. Initially, the delivery of this ship was planned for 2014-15 years, but the work was noticeably delayed. The head submarine of the 971M project, as well as other ships, still remain in the workshops and are not ready for continuation of service. However, the first upgraded submarines are planned to be returned to the customer already in 2018-19.
At the end of December 2017, the Northern Fleet received the upgraded strategic submarine cruiser K-114 “Tula” of the project 667БДРМ. At the moment, this is the last submarine of the type “Dolphin”, which has been repaired In the course of recent work, she, like several ships of the same type, received new equipment. The ship was re-equipped and can now use modern ballistic missiles "Sineva" or "Liner". A few weeks ago, the Zvezdochka company began similar work on the Krynan-117 Bryansk nuclear submarine. Thus, all the submarines of the project 667BDRM, built in the eighties of the last century, were restored and updated.
A few years ago, a large-scale modernization program for diesel-electric submarines of the 877 "Halibus" project began. In accordance with the adopted plans, nearly a dozen and a half of such ships were to receive new equipment, including the Caliber-PL missile system. According to known data, in the 2012-17 years, three submarines have undergone the necessary re-equipment and were returned to the fleet. A few more ships are in shipyards and receive the required equipment. Other "Halibuses" while you have to continue to serve in the existing configuration. According to various data and estimates, the upgrade of the 14 submarines can continue until at least the mid-twenties.
Terms and problems
The idea of deep modernization of ships and submarines with the installation of new equipment and weapons in itself looks very interesting and promising. This technique does not require the construction of large and complex hull structures, power plants, etc. As a result, it is possible to save time and money. However, as practice shows, it is not always possible to obtain the desired savings and the expected benefits.
The submarine "Eagle" during the repair
Considering the recent and current projects of modernization of technology, you can see that almost always ships return to the system with some delay regarding the original plans. However, it cannot be denied that - with all the delays and problems - the equipment, with very few exceptions, still proceeds to service and makes its contribution to the combat capability of the navy.
Such phenomena that have a negative impact on the development of the fleet have their own reasons. In the past, the main prerequisite for delaying the work was the limited financial capacity of the customer. Later, the state found the opportunity to allocate the necessary money to the Navy in time for the construction of new ships or the modernization of existing ones. Thus, one of the main problems was almost completely solved.
However, as it turned out, even increased defense spending does not allow for construction or modernization in the shortest possible time and in the desired volumes. Now, the reasons for the failure to meet the deadlines are the lack of production capacity, their limited capabilities and organizational problems. Also a prerequisite for the difficulty of work on military projects may be the presence of other orders, for which you want to distribute the existing forces.
Undoubtedly, the programs of construction and modernization of ships, auxiliary vessels and submarines are faced with various problems. Often these problems are manifested in the breakdown of deadlines and the later transfer of the ordered equipment. Unfortunately, all this has a certain negative impact on the development of the Navy and its combat capability. In general, the fleet and in the current situation retains the required performance and is able to make the necessary contribution to the country's defense. However, it should be noted that in the absence of characteristic problems, the indicators of the Navy would have been significantly higher.
And yet the process of updating existing ships and submarines continues. Several orders are scheduled for delivery this year, with the result that a number of combat units of the surface and submarine fleets will receive new capabilities that distinguish them favorably from other models. The ships and submarines that have undergone modernization, together with the equipment of the new construction, will nevertheless bring the fleet into the desired form and will ensure the protection of the country's sea borders.
On the materials of the sites:
http://mil.ru/
http://aoosk.ru/
http://sevmash.ru/
http://tass.ru/
http://ria.ru/
https://vz.ru/
http://flotprom.ru/
http://flot.ru/
http://korabel.ru/
Information