Air defense and air force armament - 64L6 mobile radar "Gamma-С1"

64Л6 "Gamma C1" is 3-x coordinate, centimeter range of the radar of the review type. This radar was built to replace the range-altimeter complex with a radar P-37, and altimeter PRV - (13 / 16). The creation of a mobile Gamma-С1 was entrusted to the Gorky Scientific-Research Institute of Radio and Television. According to the project, the radar station was to be used as a BR station for interspecific use in air defense units and air forces. When creating a mobile radar station model participated in the course of the air defense exercises. Gamma-С1 comes to the defense of the fatherland in 2003, the radar went into mass production. Make "Gamma C1" at the Murom plant radio metering equipment. OJSC PZRA and VNIIRT are involved in the production. Pilot operation radar 64L6 successfully held in the Moscow branch of RTV. Designers laid in the radar a large reserve for modernization. Some sources in 90 called this radar -96H6E "Gamma-C1E". According to the results of tests carried out before the mass production of the radar, it showed that it fully complies with the specified characteristics:
- detects and measures the three coordinates of air objects;
- quickly determines the nationality of the detected objects;
- accurately recognizes targets by class;
- determines the goniometric and azimuth bearings on objects of active interference;
- provides digital information to information display devices.

The antenna component of the radar is mounted on an M-1 vehicle and is a flat phased antenna array (PAR), which performs electronic scanning of transmitting and receiving beams according to the radiation pattern in the vertical plane. The implementation of a sequential review allows the radar to control the radiated energy using a software method. The transmitting device uses a modern Russian electrovacuum device - a broadband multipath klystron, which has a high output power and a high degree of reliability. According to the main characteristics it is not inferior to the best world analogues. All equipment "Gamma-С1" has a high automation of the detection of air objects and the choice of operating mode. The mode of operation is selected based on the processed situation data by the operator or automatically.

Digital data processing takes place in the equipment installed on the M2 car. Digital processing equipment provides:
- detection of air objects in the automatic mode;
- tracking or capturing objects in automatic or semi-automatic modes;
- selection of operating modes using automatic or semi-automatic control;
- autodetermination of state property;
- collection and issuance of data on information display devices.

All active and passive interference is suppressed by radar equipment automatically. Radar has a high adaptability and selectivity in terms of setting various types of interference. Such efficiency is ensured by:
- small in power, but a longer in duration emitted pulse;
- low level of side-lobe pattern;
- by changing the frequency of repetitions and the duration of the emitted signal when scanning space by an elevation method;
- auto gain control;
- auto dynamic range;
- stabilization of false alarms;
- work of the equipment of autocompensation with ACP;
- the use of preset modes for protection against special interference;
- application of Doppler type filtering;

The radar has an automated performance monitoring system for continuous diagnostics (95% accuracy) and providing information on the performance of all radar elements. The equipment has a block-modular construction, which facilitates repair - block-by-block replacement of the necessary elements occurs. Modes of operation of the radar can be launched from the sets of means of calculation or at the request of the operator. It is possible to control the radar from a remote secured operator's seat, at a distance of up to 1000 meters via optical fiber and at a distance of up to 15 000 meters along a radio link. The radar is based on car chassis.

The composition of the complex Gamma СХNUMX:
- car M1, equipped with an antenna and a turning device, receiving and transmitting equipment and radio inquiry equipment;
- car M2, equipped with radar control systems, data processing, information display and transmission of received data;
- car М3, with zip, KIA and additional equipment;
- trailers with power supply systems (ES 99X6) cling to cars М1, М2.
Cars М1 and М2 are made on the KrAZ-260Г chassis. The speed of the highway / ground - 50 / 30 km / h.

The main characteristics of the HEADLIGHTS:
- range from 10 to 300 kilometers, special mode to 400 kilometers;
- azimuth review - circular;
- Angle view - from 30 to -2 degrees;
- altitude range - 30 kilometers;
- range accuracy - 50 meters;
- azimuthal accuracy - 15 minutes;
- the accuracy of the elevation angle - 10 -15 minutes;
- accuracy in height - 400 meters;
- range resolution - 250 meters;
- azimuth resolution - 1.4 degrees;
- simultaneously accompanied targets - up to 100 units;
- data refresh rate - 10 seconds;
- output data - coordinate, trace.
Operation possibilities:
- permissible air temperature - ± 50 degrees;
- OVV at an average temperature of up to 98 percent;
- location above sea level to 2 kilometers;

Modifications radar:
- 64Л6 called “Gamma-С1” - the main radar;
- 64Л6Е called “Gamma-С1Е” - the first modification, the layout of the main radar, was created for demonstration performances;
- 64Л6-1 called “Gamma-С1”, the following modification, the main difference is the automobile chassis BAZ-69092-013;

- 64Л6М called “Gamma СХNUMXМ” is the last modification for today. According to sources from the military department of the Russian Federation, it is known about the commissioning of the updated 1 units of these complexes by the Air Force RTV until the end of the 20 year.

The main characteristics of the complex 64Л6-1:
- time to deploy-collapse radar - 40 minutes;
- power supply - industrial or independent;
- guaranteed uptime - 500 hours;
- time to restore work after failure 30 minutes;
- continuity up to 72 hours;
- the inclusion of 5 radar minutes, the possibility of an emergency start in three minutes.

Comments

[grizzlir]

I read it with interest. I can’t judge the performance characteristics of the system, but it’s annoying in one detail. In anti-radar missiles of NATO, balls are used as destructive elements. Most often, the detonation takes place at some distance and not only the antenna itself but also the equipment located nearby is hit. Why not machines and containers with armored equipment.

[Dimitrxnumx]

Perhaps because they do not fit their dimensions on the existing armored platform, and if you make the car itself and the containers armored, then it (the car) will not meet the necessary mobility and cross-country ability.

[neri73-r]

It is possible to control the radar from a remote protected operator’s location, at a distance of up to 1000 meters via optical fiber and at a distance of up to 15 meters via radio.
Here is the answer! Why make a reservation, get out of the operators' attack and that's it, storm if you can (not far in the bushes the Shell, Tunguska, OKA AKM and others).

[Komsomolets]

What kind of PRR do you mean?

[grizzlir]

At least HARM AGM-88. Regarding the balls as PRR striking elements, I was mistaken, such ammunition is used to strike conventional radar ammunition.

[Stealth]

To protect the radar, as you have already correctly answered, various short-range air defense systems can be used, but I also want to mention the Gazetchik system, created specifically for combating PRR, which, by fixing the approach of the PRR, automatically turns off the radar and simulates its operation using remote emitters (false targets) , also provides protection against missiles with IR seeker, active radar seeker, laser seeker.

[Норд]

I will allow myself to note that all GOS modern PPRs have the functions of "memorizing" the coordinates of the emitting radar and turning off the main transmitters and turning on the remote emitters (posts) for radiation today is a useless task - the rocket is guided to the "clogged" coordinates, i.e. to the main radar. By the way, the principle of remote posts was used back in the S-75 air defense system in the 80s and at experimental firing in Ashuluk in 1984 showed zero efficiency (delivering a lot of hemorrhoids to the calculations). So, that this "appendage" in the composition of a modern radar, in my opinion, is highly doubtful.
In addition, I am very annoyed by two factors:
1. The time to deploy-collapse the radar is 40 minutes (what kind of mobility can we talk about here)
2. The composition of the complex - 3 cars and 2 trailers (we already went through this in P-18, somewhere 40 years ago)
Well, today you will not surprise anyone with a FAR, especially since the technical specifications given are no different.
Maybe I don’t understand nichrome, but there is a run-in radar with the same headlamp as part of the S-300 air defense system (deployment and deployment time of 5 minutes on the basis of one machine, not 5) by the way with good modernization potential, why bother with the garden .
If anyone exploited this station - share your opinion.

[mox]

It is possible that this is an aerodrome option.

[Kyrgyz]

why is she at the edge? 10 second update is not a lot?

[gregor6549]

Guys, both Gamma and the Newspaper and all their other chips were created 30 years ago and are now decently outdated. Now the position of the radar station is elementarily detected from afar, then its coordinates are entered into the navigation system of the same Tomahawk or similar rubbish, then inertial guidance takes place with the inclusion of the radio altimeter KR only at the control points of the route. Well, after the Tomahawk destroys everything that it can at the radar position, if necessary, the PRS "control shot" follows. Further. Back in the 70s, the Americans developed one-time direction finders that can be thrown into the intended area of ​​the radar by various means (from artillery guns to aircraft, etc.). And it is very difficult to detect these direction finders on the ground, since they are almost completely buried in the ground, operate in a passive direction finding mode and transmit the accumulated information upward in a compressed form, i.e. in a matter of milliseconds. And if they find any of a dozen direction finders, then it self-destructs and even can tear off the arms of the legs of the trackers.
More interesting from the point of view of protection against ORS could be separated radars in which, say, one transmitter and several receivers remote from it. Even with the defeat of the transmitter, the receiving device, the system for processing, transmitting and displaying information remain intact. And that means people. Moreover, at the current processor power, it is not a problem to do all the calculations / recalculations of coordinates in real time. But how are we used to? Round drag, square roll.