British automatic rifle №9 Mk.1 7-mm caliber
History create
2MB showed the benefits of automatic weapons and its end, was marked by the growth of the creation of various types of automatic weapons. In the middle of 45, the main armament of the British infantry units was the non-autonomous rifle SMLE No.4 Mk.1, as well as several modifications of the STEN submachine gun. Using the experience of German designers who were able to develop fairly good samples of automatic personal weapons, which were successfully used during the 2MB, under the cartridge 7.92X33-mm, the British designers began their own development of a single weapon to replace the rifle and submachine gun. To create such a weapon was needed ammunition with intermediate power between the ammunition rifle and submachine gun. Developed a cartridge pretty quickly. By the end of 45, the .280 British intermediate ammunition was ready for production. The bullet of the cartridge is made of a pointed caliber 7-mm, the sleeve had a bottle shape, without edges of the length 43-mm.
The tests showed the initial speed in 745 m / s with a bullet weight in 9 grams. Under the ammunition began design work on the creation of an assault rifle type. Developed rifles were named EM-1 and EM-2. Both automatic rifles, as part of the program to create a single weapon, were created at the Royal Enfield-Locke plant. Canadians and Belgians showed interest in ammunition of the new assault rifle. The Belgians also created several prototypes of the FN automatic rifle for this cartridge. The management of the creation of the English AB was carried out by Lieutenant Colonel E. Kent-Lemon, the chief designer of the projects S. Jason. The test results are recognized as successful, and the EM-2 machine gun with the new cartridge in 51 is accepted into service by the British Army. Receives the official name - automatic rifle №9 Mk.1 caliber 7-mm. But the new government headed by England in the 51 year, almost immediately abandoned its own machine guns and ammunition, due to the desire to have a weapon under the American patron. This cartridge is now known to all as the NATO-style cartridge 7.62x51-mm. Due to the high costs of modifying its own automatic rifle No.9 Mk.1 7-mm, the British are adopting the Belgian automatic rifle "FN FAL".
The Belgians were able to easily remake their rifle under the American cartridge. The British copy of FN FAL is named L1 SLR. It took the British almost 30 years to get back to the ideas of creating their own machine gun under their own cartridge. The story of the rather successful AB sample ended before it began in 51. Excellent combat characteristics, easy to use, unpretentious to use and high ballistic data of the ammunition were ruined by political decisions, which often happens with good examples of any inventions.
The device and the principle of action of AV caliber 7-mm
Rifle №9 Mk.1 sample Enfield EM-2 created by the layout of the scheme «bullpup». Automatics is based on the operation of a vapor engine with a large piston stroke. The piston and gas chamber are located above the barrel. The shutter has a cylindrical shape. Locking occurs by diluting 2-x symmetrical lugs, made on the sides of the bolt, to the side, for the slot in the wall of the barrel box. The locking knot is similar to the German knot “Gew.43”, or the knot of the domestic DP-27 standing on the contrary. After the shot, the powder gases squeeze the gas piston in the rear position than compress the spring return stroke. The first time the shutter is in a fixed and locked state, the back movement produces only USM, more precisely its body. Moving back, the body retracts the lugs to the starting position, back to the bolt, which unlocks the bolt, and it begins its movement back. Shot production begins with a closed shutter. USM - shock type, together with the sear and the combat twisted spring are located in the same housing inside the gate. Have reliable protection against ingress of pollution. The protrusion of the trigger type, through the window in the gate, stands down, and when the shutter is locked, interacts with the trigger lever, which is connected with the trigger. The shutter handle for the production of cocking, performed on the right, on the rod from the gas piston in the head part. The manual translation fuse is made in the head part of the trigger guard, the translator of the fire (single fire / fire in bursts) is executed as a transverse button and is located above the pistol grip. Handguard with pistol grip completely wooden. Sighting devices consist of an optical sight, which is mounted on the handle of the integral type and backup folding front sight and rear sight. At the sight of a grid marked with marks that allow you to enter amendments in the firing at different distances. The automatic rifle has a sling for the belt. Providing a rifle with a bayonet is not provided.
Key Features:
- weight 3.4 kilogram;
- length 89 centimeters;
- The length of the barrel 62.3 centimeter;
- rate of fire to 600 rds / min;
- aiming distance to 650 meters;
- ammunition - box type magazine on 20 ammunition.
2MB showed the benefits of automatic weapons and its end, was marked by the growth of the creation of various types of automatic weapons. In the middle of 45, the main armament of the British infantry units was the non-autonomous rifle SMLE No.4 Mk.1, as well as several modifications of the STEN submachine gun. Using the experience of German designers who were able to develop fairly good samples of automatic personal weapons, which were successfully used during the 2MB, under the cartridge 7.92X33-mm, the British designers began their own development of a single weapon to replace the rifle and submachine gun. To create such a weapon was needed ammunition with intermediate power between the ammunition rifle and submachine gun. Developed a cartridge pretty quickly. By the end of 45, the .280 British intermediate ammunition was ready for production. The bullet of the cartridge is made of a pointed caliber 7-mm, the sleeve had a bottle shape, without edges of the length 43-mm.
The tests showed the initial speed in 745 m / s with a bullet weight in 9 grams. Under the ammunition began design work on the creation of an assault rifle type. Developed rifles were named EM-1 and EM-2. Both automatic rifles, as part of the program to create a single weapon, were created at the Royal Enfield-Locke plant. Canadians and Belgians showed interest in ammunition of the new assault rifle. The Belgians also created several prototypes of the FN automatic rifle for this cartridge. The management of the creation of the English AB was carried out by Lieutenant Colonel E. Kent-Lemon, the chief designer of the projects S. Jason. The test results are recognized as successful, and the EM-2 machine gun with the new cartridge in 51 is accepted into service by the British Army. Receives the official name - automatic rifle №9 Mk.1 caliber 7-mm. But the new government headed by England in the 51 year, almost immediately abandoned its own machine guns and ammunition, due to the desire to have a weapon under the American patron. This cartridge is now known to all as the NATO-style cartridge 7.62x51-mm. Due to the high costs of modifying its own automatic rifle No.9 Mk.1 7-mm, the British are adopting the Belgian automatic rifle "FN FAL".
The Belgians were able to easily remake their rifle under the American cartridge. The British copy of FN FAL is named L1 SLR. It took the British almost 30 years to get back to the ideas of creating their own machine gun under their own cartridge. The story of the rather successful AB sample ended before it began in 51. Excellent combat characteristics, easy to use, unpretentious to use and high ballistic data of the ammunition were ruined by political decisions, which often happens with good examples of any inventions.
The device and the principle of action of AV caliber 7-mm
Rifle №9 Mk.1 sample Enfield EM-2 created by the layout of the scheme «bullpup». Automatics is based on the operation of a vapor engine with a large piston stroke. The piston and gas chamber are located above the barrel. The shutter has a cylindrical shape. Locking occurs by diluting 2-x symmetrical lugs, made on the sides of the bolt, to the side, for the slot in the wall of the barrel box. The locking knot is similar to the German knot “Gew.43”, or the knot of the domestic DP-27 standing on the contrary. After the shot, the powder gases squeeze the gas piston in the rear position than compress the spring return stroke. The first time the shutter is in a fixed and locked state, the back movement produces only USM, more precisely its body. Moving back, the body retracts the lugs to the starting position, back to the bolt, which unlocks the bolt, and it begins its movement back. Shot production begins with a closed shutter. USM - shock type, together with the sear and the combat twisted spring are located in the same housing inside the gate. Have reliable protection against ingress of pollution. The protrusion of the trigger type, through the window in the gate, stands down, and when the shutter is locked, interacts with the trigger lever, which is connected with the trigger. The shutter handle for the production of cocking, performed on the right, on the rod from the gas piston in the head part. The manual translation fuse is made in the head part of the trigger guard, the translator of the fire (single fire / fire in bursts) is executed as a transverse button and is located above the pistol grip. Handguard with pistol grip completely wooden. Sighting devices consist of an optical sight, which is mounted on the handle of the integral type and backup folding front sight and rear sight. At the sight of a grid marked with marks that allow you to enter amendments in the firing at different distances. The automatic rifle has a sling for the belt. Providing a rifle with a bayonet is not provided.
Key Features:
- weight 3.4 kilogram;
- length 89 centimeters;
- The length of the barrel 62.3 centimeter;
- rate of fire to 600 rds / min;
- aiming distance to 650 meters;
- ammunition - box type magazine on 20 ammunition.
Information