Cluster munitions: What weapons will the US give Ukraine
Last week, US President Joe Biden announced the decision to transfer cluster munitions to Ukraine, calling it "a difficult but correct decision." The corresponding weapons have already been included in the assistance package, which will soon receive the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
It is worth noting that cassette: aviation bombs, tactical missiles, as well as shells for rocket and cannon artillery are not some kind of know-how. Started to apply similar weapon back in the 30s.
For example, the Red Army in the Soviet-Finnish war used a cluster bomb, which the enemy called "Molotov's bread basket." The latter was a container with 60 small bombs, which were dispersed by rotation after a release caused by angled stabilizers.
Then the aforementioned bomb was also used during the Great Patriotic War against the Wehrmacht. At the same time, the Luftwaffe also had its own AB-23 cluster bomb, which the Americans copied after the war, starting to develop and modernize this type of weapon.
One of the most massive uses of cluster bombs was in the Vietnam War, when the US Army dropped millions of such munitions on Laos and Cambodia. Unexploded submunitions still kill civilians in this country to this day.
Regarding the bombs that Washington wants to transfer to the Armed Forces, we are talking about 155-mm DPICM shells. This type of weapon under the index M483 began to be produced in the United States in the 70s of the last century.
In the process, the ammunition was repeatedly upgraded. In particular, in 1975, a version of the M483A1 appeared with 88 dual-use submunitions (cumulative and anti-personnel), similar to M42 / M46 grenades.
Then, in 1987, the M864 cluster projectile appeared, which was distinguished by an increased range.
Finally, in 2003, the US budget included a program for the next modernization of cluster munitions. Submunitions were to be equipped with a self-destruct fuse.
It is worth noting that during the Cold War, the Americans purchased and moved a huge number of such shells to military warehouses. Today their number may be hundreds of thousands.
At the same time, the Pentagon is looking for an alternative to DPICM. The development of new ammunition is already underway by Lockheed Martin and Alliant Techsystems.
At the same time, the disposal of old cluster munitions is a very expensive procedure. This is probably why the US decided to send them to Ukraine.
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