55 years ago Russian man opened space
12 April 2016 marks 55 years since the Russian man flew to outer space. Great and exciting moment of ours stories! Even today you are watching these shots, and such a great feeling arises, greatness, joy, pride, I want to embrace the whole world! Thanks to all Soviet people who worked and worked in astronautics and other areas for the benefit of the Motherland!
Looking through the frames of the past decades, one wonders at the courage of people who knew about the existing probability of their death, but still went to this unprecedented feat in the history of mankind. You look at the shots of the past years, and the tears are wrapped in delight and pride, in a sense of belonging to the beautiful made by this sunny person.
In the soul of Yuri Gagarin lived the sun, its light illuminated everything around. When he was gone, many people, remembering Yuri, still feel their unconscious guilt. Is 12 celebrated around the world in April?
The special call signs of the radio station of the Soviet Union then were known to all people, and when they sounded, people threw their affairs and listened attentively to the greatness of Levitan’s voice, who seemed to repeat and betray the message about the first manned flight into outer space in a solemnly beautiful voice.
During 108 minutes of flight in space, Gagarin gained planetary glory. He even admitted to his wife that he had not expected anything like this: “Well, I fly, well, I will come back, but in order to do this.” When he first flew to Czechoslovakia, the passengers, recognizing him, rushed for autographs, and the pilot invited him to the cabin. Elizabeth II herself, having forgotten about royal etiquette, clung to him and took pictures, commenting on her impression, saying that he was not an ordinary person, but a heavenly one. For three years he traveled to thirty countries.
Journalists from all over the world sought to get an interview from him. One of them was published not so long ago. With surprise, one can state the fact that the American journalists from the Air Force thus asked questions that it seemed as if Gagarin flew after Alan Shepard.
- Your stay on the ship before the launch was similar in duration with the American astronaut? - asked his American journalist.
“I do not think that my stay in the cabin of a spacecraft is similar to Shepard’s stay on Mercury (the name of an American ship),” Yuri answered. A few hours of stay in the cabin of my spacecraft before the launch was not required. It was a rather short amount of time.
Yuriy with dignity withstood the "attack" of American media representatives. This inner dignity and confidence had been laid down since childhood by his mother and father.
Yura was born on the night of March 8 through March 9 on 1934 in the distant Smolensk village of Klushino (founded by her boyar with the strange nickname Klush) shortly before the war in the most ordinary peasant family. And although many historians and journalists for some reason think that this is a wilderness. This is not true. The village is located about 180 kilometers from Moscow. Interestingly, at this place in the distant 1610, the famous Klushinskaya battle took place, where the troops of Prince Shuisky were defeated by the Polish army.
Before the revolution, several public buildings were built here: a school, a large church, and flour mills. His mother moved here after marriage. And before that, she lived for many years in St. Petersburg, was raised in the family of a hereditary worker and was attached to the great cultural heritage of the past, which her mother brought up in her children. For many years, Yuri kept diary entries in which he described in the most detailed way his impressions of reading numerous books in a variety of ways in poetry and literature.
He had to continue the dynasty of his father and older brother - to become a metallurgist. But the Great Patriotic War forced to look at this world in a different way. During the German occupation, little Jura was only seven years old. He was lucky to be so small at that time, but the Germans took the older brother Valentine and sister Zoya to Germany for labor slavery. Gagarin's mother knelt before the Germans, begging not to take the children. And in the village itself was one of eight concentration camps organized by the Germans. A year and a half under the German occupation did not pass without a trace for the Jura. The researchers of his biography found two interesting facts about the life of a little boy when he saw the first Soviet plane shot down and the atrocities of one of the German guests, who drove the Gagarin family into a dugout and occupied their house. Subsequently, one of the Germans will write his autobiographical novel after he learns about the flight into space of a man whose childhood passed in the village of Klushino and whose childhood, however, like thousands of other children, ended forever during the war years.
Why did Gagarin have to continue flying after his space flight? Millions of people refused to believe in Yuri’s death. They could not accept the fact that the sky destroyed him. In early March, to defend a diploma at the Zhukovsky Academy, Gagarin was offered the post of head of the Air Force Center. He agreed, but made a condition that he needed to recover as a pilot. Few people know, but he was a polar pilot aviation, flew in the second class.
March 27 at the airfield Chkalovsky stood MiG-17 combat aircraft, whose work Seryogin tested in difficult conditions. The Su-15 interceptor was also tested at the aerodrome in Zhukovsky. This is confirmed by the documents and personal testimony of Stepan Anastasovich Mikoyan (son of Mikoyan). However, he was always of the opinion that the collision did not occur with the plane, but with the probe.
One of the official versions was that the plane Gagarin and Seryogin collided with a ball-umbrella, which was launched by meteorologists. These versions were based primarily on the fact that all knowledgeable people knew that an airplane collided with something in the sky, which caused a crash into a tailspin. But the version with a meteorological umbrella was known by the knowledgeable people at once because in this area they were the center of flight for crews working under test programs at several scientific institutes at once.
In official documents, one of the main reasons was the change in the flight situation. In an official TASS statement, it was announced that the plane had made a sharp maneuver associated with a lapel from an outside goal - it was a ball or a flock of geese - while there was a collision with the ground, the crew was killed.
On that terrible Vladimirsky forest, on the day of the crash, the pilot Alexei Leonov was one of the first at the site of the tragedy. If it were not for the principled position of Alexei Leonov and the courage of the first cosmonaut detachment, that is probably the truth about the death of Yuri Alekseevich, we would not have known for many years. Around 2011, Leonov asked the country's leadership to declassify the archives for this case and, most importantly, answer the main question that no one answered: “Who forged the Leonov records?”. After all, Leonov was at that time at the aerodrome in Kerzhach, and he, as well as several people, heard the explosion and the subsequent super-sound in the interval of one and a half seconds. It is clear that these events are related. Su-15 flew that day, but he had to fly all the flights in the 10 echelon 000 meters, but for some reason he descended down to three kilometers, and then climbed up in the afterburner and flew nearby in the clouds, without seeing Seryogin and Gagarin, who was walking in the 3,5 echelon of a kilometer, touched him, who from a collision entered a deep spiral and flatly hit the ground.
Then the events developed as follows. A few minutes later Leonov received a command to fly to the Chkalovsky airfield. Arriving there, he received information that 45 minutes ago, the Gagarin's plane ran out of fuel, and he did not return to the base. From Kerzhach arrived helicopter. The commander, when circling the crash site, saw and reported that there are deep emissions from the earth, steam. Leonov arrived at the scene of the tragedy one of the first. Together with their comrades, they saw a pit, quickly filling with water, found pieces of Seryogin's leather jacket, a purse and a tablet remained from Yuri Gagarin. Thought he catapulted. All night they searched for him in the surrounding forest. Not found. And only on another day. It's hard to write about it! Yuri Gagarin had a beautiful velvet mole. It was this mole that Leonov remembered when, together with Yuri, they were at the barbershop and the barber, while shaving, carefully made a “brace” in order not to damage the mole. And when Leonov saw this mole, he became afraid - the irreparable happened. There was nothing more to search for.
The archive remained calculations Leonov. He wrote a special memorandum about this.
And then we went backstage games. Whether under the influence of the deputy chairman Stroyev, who headed the government commission, or under the influence of another high-ranking government man, but someone rewrote Leonov's calculations, according to which the distance between two planes - the counter and Gagarin and Seryogin - was not a half second measuring in fractions of centimeters, and 75 kilometers (sorry for comparing seconds and kilometers).
For several decades, Alexei Leonov sought the truth, and finally, after turning to Supreme Commander Vladimir Putin, he received his consent to report his version of what had happened.
The death of Gagarin became a grief for the whole country. Or rather, Yury Alekseevich’s father said: “Yes, they didn’t save Yuri”.
His fate became the fate of thousands of people, his life became the life of thousands of people. His name became invaluable, a legend in his lifetime. Paving the way to heaven, he became history.
It is surprising that the 55 anniversary from the date of the flight in 2016 is not celebrated too widely. Yes, simply - no way. I specifically typed in a search engine request for this day and found only information that the Central Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering announced a competition timed to that day. Also entered in Chita, announcing the contest "I'm in a spacesuit." Today, the Roskosmos State Corporation includes more than 50 of the various enterprises where this day will naturally be celebrated. In 2015, officials from the Federal Space Agency promised to coincide with the 55 anniversary launch of the first space rocket at the new Vostochny cosmodrome. We'll see. In the 2011 year, when the celebration of the 50 anniversary from the day of manned space flight took place, the daughter of Gagarin, Elena, offered to make Cosmonautics Day a day off. But it remains only a wish.
About the soul of a person can be judged by letters. One of them, written by Yuri Alekseevich on the eve of the launch of 10.04.1961, was first published in a special issue of the Pravda newspaper 08.04.1991 of the year: “Hello, my dear, beloved Lelechka, Helen and Tick! I decided to write you a few lines to share with you and share together the joy and happiness that I had today.
Today the government commission decided to send me into space first. You know, dear Valya, as I am glad, I want you to be happy with me.
An ordinary person was entrusted with such a large state task - to pave the first path into space!
Can you dream of more?
After all, this is a story, this is a new era.
One day I have to start. You at this time will already be engaged in the affairs. A very big task fell on my shoulders. I would like to be with you a little bit before that, to talk with you. But alas, you are far away. Nevertheless, I always feel you next to me.
In the technique I believe completely. She should not let down. But it happens because, out of the blue, a person falls and breaks his neck. Here, too, something can happen. But I still do not believe in it. Well, if something happens, then I ask you and first of all you, Valya, not to be killed with grief. After all, life is life, and no one is guaranteed that tomorrow the machine will not crush it.
Please take care of our girls, love them as I love.
To grow out of them is not a white-haired woman, not mother's daughters, but real people who would not be afraid of the bumps of life. Grow people worthy of a new society - communism.
The state will help you with this. Well, arrange your personal life, as your conscience will tell you, as you see fit. I do not impose any obligations on you, and I do not have the right to do this. Something too mournful letter turns out. I myself do not believe it.
I hope that this letter you will never see. And I will be ashamed of myself for this fleeting weakness. But if something happens, you should know everything to the end.
So far I have lived honestly, truthfully, with benefit for people, although it was small.
Once in my childhood I read the words of V.P. Chkalov: "If to be, then to be the first." But I try to be and will be until the end. I want, Valechka, to dedicate this flight to the people of the new society, communism, in which we are already entering, our great Motherland, our science.
I hope that in a few days we will be together again, we will be happy. Valechka, you, please, do not forget my parents, if there is an opportunity, then help them in something. Give them a big hello from me and let them forgive me for not knowing anything about it, and they were not supposed to know. Well, it seems that's all. Goodbye my family. Tightly hug you and kiss you, with greetings your dad and Jura.
10.4.61.g Gagarin ".
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