Russia creates an anti-pro system
In early October, the sensational news - “New Russian sea-based cruise missiles, the deployment of which Putin announced at a recent meeting in Novorossiysk,“ nullify ”American power and nullify Washington’s military superiority in the huge geopolitical region from Warsaw to Kabul, from Rome to Baghdad.” The article was called "Putin's rocket surprise"and its content really pleasantly surprised. We will not quote the entire article, we will pay attention only to those facts that led the author to such sensational conclusions. The first and main fact is based on the statement of the commander of the Black Sea fleet Navy of the Russian Federation, Admiral Alexander Vitko, that the new missiles that will be armed with the new submarines for the Black Sea Fleet have a range of over 1,5 thousand kilometers. At the same time, the admiral answered Putin’s question and, naturally, that the information that reached the ears of the correspondents was specially intended for them. Admirals do not pronounce military secrets. That is, it was a signal. The signal, which was given in a certain context, which spoke about the need for a breakthrough of the Russian military-industrial complex in the field of high-precision weaponsand also about new threats related to the development of the missile defense system and the approach of its structures to the borders of Russia. At the conclusion of the author, the new Russian missiles will nullify these threats. Such important conclusions need to be checked and at the same time to check all the initial data for them. And it is possible to draw other conclusions ...
So. About rocket and submarine. Of course, we are talking about the famous "Varshavyanka" - a diesel submarine of the 636 project, but rather thoroughly modernized - the project received the number 636.3:
In total, the Russian Navy plans to build six diesel-electric submarines of the 636.3 project at the Admiralty shipyards for the Black Sea Fleet. Three are already under construction - the head submarine B-261 "Novorossiysk" (factory number 01670), the second - B-237 "Rostov-on-Don" (01671) and B-262 "Old Oskol" (01672). Rear Admiral Vladimir Zakharov, retired, noted that “six Varshavyanok can be a good start to retool the Black Sea Fleet, and then, you see, Lada will be brought to mind.” According to the Black Sea Fleet Commander Rear Admiral Alexander Fedotenkov, this union will take six 2017 boats into service by the 636 year: “We will get the first three hulls in 2014, one boat - in 2015, and two - in 2016, to form a full-fledged brigade. They will be based on the naval base Sevastopol and Novorossiysk.
So it was planned, and today the head submarine “Novorossiysk” has been in the fleet since August, this was reported in the media. Submarines of the 636.3 "Varshavyanka" project belong to the third generation, have a tonnage of 3,95 thousands of tons, a speed of 20 knots, a depth of 300 meters, and a crew of 52 people. The boats are very quiet, for their secretiveness the boats of this project have received the name "black hole" in NATO. They are armed with torpedoes of the 533 caliber of millimeter (six vehicles), mines, the Caliber missile, which is considered the highlight of the project (in the export version, this complex is called "Club-S"). A torpedo tube is used to launch rockets; no special launchers are needed. By itself, the boat is very good, significantly exceeds Western counterparts in performance and is indispensable for the defense of the coastal zone. But here the rocket complex with the new rocket gives the boat a completely new status. Since the claimed range in 1,5 thousands of kilometers makes it a very powerful weapon greatly expanding the range of its application. Previously, such weapons were placed only on multi-purpose nuclear submarine cruisers - a very expensive and powerful weapon, significantly affecting the overall balance of the armed forces and strategic plans. Now, however, conventional diesel-electric submarines began to possess strategic weapons. Suffice it to say that being in the waters of the Black Sea, such boats can hit targets in the Mediterranean. Including such large ones as an aircraft carrier. But that's not all, the Caliber missiles are universal and can hit targets on land. That is, the whole of Europe can be under the gun of rockets from this sea platform. This, in fact, was discussed in the article that I quoted from the beginning. And it’s not just limited to new submarines; such launch platforms are the small missile ships of the 21631 “Buyan-M” project, being built for the Caspian flotilla.
Rocket launch from the ship "Grad Sviyazhsk"
Before 2018, nine such ships are planned to be deployed in the Caspian flotilla of the Russian Federation, but so far only three have entered. The ships are small, with a small draft, which allows walking along the Volga, but the designer managed to fit vertical launchers for 8 missiles longer than 6 meters into their superstructure. For the Caspian flotilla, the ships look quite harmonious, but there is the same incident - there are no targets in the Caspian Sea for their missiles, but rockets can reach the Black Sea and its coast. The ships have a displacement of just 950 tons, but carry as many 8 Calibers. Which greatly increases their status as a weapon. The ships themselves are also quite good, made with the latest stealth technology, with a new remarkable gun mount and air defense systems. But the highlight again become rockets "Caliber", reaching out to many countries in the Middle East and Europe. The Black Sea Fleet is also planned to be replenished with such ships, and this will significantly affect the overall distribution of forces in the region - again, because of the new missile weapons.
The logic of the deployment of such weapons is understandable - since NATO places missile defense bases near the borders of Russia, these bases also need to be kept under the gun. And it would be easy if Gorbachev had not signed an agreement on medium and short range missiles:
On December 8, 1987, a Soviet-American summit was held in Washington, during which Mikhail Gorbachev and Ronald Reagan signed the indefinite Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF), which entered into force on June 1, 1988. The parties to the treaty pledged not to produce, test or deploy ground-based ballistic and cruise missiles of medium (1000 to 5500 kilometers) and short (500 to 1000 kilometers) range. It should be noted, however, that this classification was finally introduced only by the 1987 treaty. Prior to its signing in the United States, ballistic missiles were divided into intercontinental (over 5000 kilometers), medium (from 500 to 5000 kilometers) and shorter (from 150 to 500 kilometers) ranges. In the USSR, until the mid-1980s, operational-tactical missiles (from 1 to 500 kilometers) were also allocated. In the United States, tactical (operational-tactical) missiles had a flight range of 1 to 150 kilometers. In 1987, a new classification was finally established. Therefore, as applied to the period up to the mid-1980s in historical works, it is legitimate to use both classifications.
Under the contract, we destroyed 1846 missile systems, the US - 846 complexes. What makes doubt the equivalence of such an exchange. Medium-range missiles held the whole of Europe at gunpoint. Now they are not there, that is, we can not threaten Europe. And while Europe did not threaten us, everything was in order. The situation has changed with the deployment of missile defense bases in Europe. Although they are formally defensive in nature, they devalue the Russian nuclear potential, which was balanced with the American one. And this is getting a one-sided advantage, Russia is forced to react. Since the negotiations fail, here is the answer that Europe received. New missiles. At the same time, Russia did not violate the INF Treaty - new sea carriers. The United States, when they signed the INF Treaty, had a significant advantage in precisely such carriers and therefore took them outside the treaty. Today, Russia is trying to turn this situation around. So the conclusions of the author of the article about the "rocket surprise", although they look too sensational, still have a logical basis. But to somewhat disappoint readers - because the author was based on only one "proverb" Admiral. A "proverb" about the technical data of the new Russian missiles were before. And the range indicated is completely different:
The Yevsen-class 885 class Severodvinsk nuclear submarine nuclear submarine will be equipped with Kaliber supersonic cruise missiles with a maximum range of over 2,5 thousand km, which are unparalleled in the world, a source in the Russian military-industrial complex said on Tuesday.
And this “proverb” was noticed by everyone’s beloved Wikipedia, which often distorts information on political and historical issues, but with regard to Russian weapons it tries to be as accurate and complete as possible. A sort of spy database, updated by all informed people. So the characteristics of the new rocket may be different. But in order for disappointment to come more and stronger, I’ll add fire to the gasoline:
X-101 cruise missile
TTX new air-launched cruise missile X-101 I specifically copied from the documentary film shown on TV. After all, no one will accuse me of divulging military secrets? You ask - what have the X-101? There, the engine is the same - DTRD RD-95TM-300 with kgN weight 500 (according to Wikipedia). For people who did not skip physics at school, comparing the weight and fuel, it becomes clear that the "Caliber" should have a similar range ... Of course, there is a difference - if you run from a height of 10 thousand, the rocket will fly farther than if you run from under the water, from Varshavyanka ... As a physicist, I understand that the range will be different. Part of the fuel will go to climb. What part? Let the 20 rocket minutes rise in height from the 5 flight hours ... We subtract this part from the range. Let it be 4500-5000 km ... Such an "disappointment" will get an educated reader from the published data. Agree, it gives even more urgency of the situation? The rocket did not reach the level of strategic ones. A nuclear warhead there is quite appropriate.
Launcher 9В2413 for the soil complex PK-55
But we’ll add more details that will give a completely specific taste to the cooked “dish”. "Caliber" is the development of the Soviet still missile system C-10 "Grenade", the development of which was carried out by the SMKB "Novator" under the leadership of the chief designer L. V. Lyulyev (the history of this design bureau can be found in the site library). Even then, his KS-122 rocket (Navy URAV Index: 3М10) had a range of 2500 km, it entered service in the 1984 year. It had the ability to start from a torpedo tube (underwater launch). She was the Soviet response to the American Tomahawks - cruise missiles with a range of up to 1600 km. The latest modification of the “Tomahawk” has a range of more than 2500km, so talking about the range of the descendants of the “Pomegranate” stands precisely in the direction of more long-range options. The C-10 complex also had a mobile ground version of the launcher - 9В2413 for the RK-55 “Relief” soil complex.
These launchers were destroyed as a result of the Treaty that Gorbachev signed. But the marine types of the missile complex continued to exist - they were armed with multi-purpose nuclear submarines of the 971 “Shchuka-B” project, 6 from this series of boats still in service. And most likely they are armed with the already modernized versions of the Grenade, that is, the Caliber.
What else may differ new missiles from its predecessor in addition to increased range? The Novator design bureau, which developed the rocket, has long been selling an export version of the complex for a variety of versions: "Club-U" is a modular complex for installation on ships, ensuring defeat of surface and ground targets, "Club-S" is an option for submarines launched from torpedo tubes, "Club-M" - mobile coastal complex and "Club-K" - container performance of the complex. The latter has a remarkable masking effect - the complex can not be distinguished from the standard container for sea and rail transport. There are many thousands of them on the roads, container ships carrying hundreds of such containers aboard. How to detect such a goal? All intelligence "on the ears stand." And there is one more remarkable innovation seen from the export version of the rocket.
Rocket 3М54E rocket complex Club
The new 3М54E rocket retains dimensions, wing plumage, launch and propulsion engines, part of the control system, part of the body from the old 3М10, but a new combat stage, taken from the 9М82 anti-aircraft missile, was converted from conical to cylindrical. As a result, the rocket became supersonic in the final part of the trajectory! The main part of its path, the rocket flies in an economical mode at a subsonic speed of 800-900 km / h, and for 20 km before the target, an anti-aircraft missile with a powder accelerator breaks out of the hull, which accelerates the rocket to 3000 km / h. As a result, it is almost no chance to knock it down.
Mobile coastal complex Club-M
And the export version differs from the version for the native armed forces only in a strongly shortened range - up to 300 km. Imagine how offensive it is to the Chinese who buy boats and ships with such a complex, but with rockets only 300 km away? Ten times worse. But 300 km are not only shown here for export ... After all, if you load a missile with a range of 4,5 thousand kilometers into a coastal mobile complex, it will violate the terms of the INF Treaty! And I will ask - what's stopping the “non-export” version of the missile from being loaded into the launcher of the “export version”? And we can formally adopt the "Club-M" with a range of 300 km? But who will check the real range of his missiles? I believe that Western experts already puzzled over such a prospect. And we will soon receive the appropriate accusation - Russia is violating the INF Treaty.
However, its violation has long been logically justified - since the United States has withdrawn from the missile defense treaty unilaterally and surrounded Russia with missile defense bases, Russia's withdrawal from the INF Treaty is the natural answer - it is a weapon against missile defense bases and their floating variant - the destroyers Aegis. Russia, in the event of war, will be forced first to destroy the medium-missile defense system of the United States with medium-range missiles, and then launch strategic ballistic missiles. This is an obvious logic, and it is fully justified by the aggressive actions of the United States. And it is clear that Russia did not immediately reach such a decision - negotiations on missile defense went a long time ago. It has long been preparing such an answer. Is he completely unexpected? Yes, Russia does not yet advertise such a decision, while the naval deployment options for missiles allow for a formal compliance with the agreement. But the next step will be obvious, especially since it will not significantly change anything in the scenario - Russia de facto has medium-range missiles, which are completely universal and can be placed even in a container. And no one can be sure what missiles are located in it.
Club-K - container version of the launcher
And the masking effect of the container performance "Calibrov" is another special plus. After all, Cuba can already be stuffed with such containers! What did Putin agree on when he traveled to Cuba? Rosneft will start producing oil there, Russia will supply the 4 power unit for thermal power plants and all sorts of little things ... But the main thing is that "Russia is interested in building ground centers for its GLONASS system." And not only in Cuba. They are in Nicaragua put. Let me remind you that the primary task for such navigation systems is a guidance system for precision weapons. Including for the same "Caliber". And it will be completely unsurprising if there will be a dozen containers near these stations. With the "equipment". And besides such stations, we are talking about the creation of large transport hubs on the island, first of all, air links. In practice, these are air bases, airfields, which will be able to receive the same Tu-160 for refueling and rest. And again, there will be containers with "equipment".
In fact, these Latin American countries can now be used as launching pads for hundreds of Calibrov. Which, I note, can be controlled from the outside. From the satellite. In Moscow, they pressed a button, and in Cuba, a couple of dozen containers would open the lids and raise launchers. And in a minute there are already hundreds of rockets in the air capable of achieving any targets in the eastern half of the United States. This threat of the United States can not be avoided. No for this arrangements. Start a war with Cuba and Nicaragua? To as a result of their occupation get the opportunity to check all the containers? But containers with missiles can be in the port of New York. On the Singapore cargo ship, but with a Russian team. Problem? Trouble For the first time since the Caribbean crisis, the United States was under such a serious threat. And, apparently, they still have not fully realized this. Although Putin gives absolutely transparent hints. Many consider this as ordinary political demagogy, but Putin very rarely talks in vain. You need to listen to him very carefully. For any reason, he gives very important and clear signals. We do not want war. But for the answer do not worry ...
In general, the surprise was a success here, and a bit more ambitious than the author of the corresponding article described. However, the emphasis here should be set differently. This is not a new threat from Putin. This is the natural response of Russia to the deployment of a missile defense system near the borders of Russia. Russia is creating its own anti-missile defense. The main target of the new missiles will be not the cities of Europe, but the destroyers Aegis from a naval missile defense system and ground-based missile defense bases in Europe.
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