Combat awards of the Russian Federation. Leadership Orders
With the collapse of the USSR and the formation of the Russian Federation, the new state required its own military awards. At the same time, some orders and medals that existed in the Soviet Union were preserved in the award system, and even their appearance did not undergo major changes in some cases. By a decree of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation on March 20 of the year 1992, the orders of Suvorov, Kutuzov, Alexander Nevsky, Nakhimov, Ushakov were preserved in the award system of Russia. At the same time, the orders were inactive for a long time, the statutes to them and the official descriptions were adopted only on September 7 on the basis of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation.
In many ways, the fact that for a long time the “commander” orders were asleep was due to the fact that in Russia there was simply no need to reward them with someone. Compared with the Soviet counterparts updated orders have changed greatly. At the same time, these orders combine history Tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union. Thus, the basis of the orders of Suvorov, Ushakov, Kutuzov and Nakhimov is the cross, but the central part repeats the medallions, which were used in the Soviet awards of the same name, with almost no changes. In this case, the Order of Suvorov became "General" and the Order of Ushakov "Admiral." In turn, the orders of Kutuzov and Nakhimov became officers, that is, intended for delivery to the average commanding staff.
At the same time, the Order of Alexander Nevsky, which has changed dramatically, stands apart. It was based on the award of the same name of the tsarist era, and now it is mostly awarded to civilians. The statute of the order says that it is no longer a military reward, as it was in the USSR. On 26 of August, 69 is aware of the cases of awarding this order, of which 22 is under unpublished award orders. The overwhelming majority of those awarded with this order are civil servants and cultural officials.
Vladimir Putin presented the Order of Suvorov to the Ryazan Higher Airborne Command School
Order of Suvorov
The Order of Suvorov is awarded to commanders of associations, as well as their deputies, heads of operational departments and divisions, heads of branches of troops and special forces of the Armed Forces, as well as individual military units and foreign citizens - allied military personnel from the top officers. Awarding the order can be made posthumously.
The award is given for the skillful organization of operations and the management of groups of troops, associations and military units. And also for the skillful organization and leadership of the armed forces of the Russian Federation in the implementation of measures of strategic deterrence of a forceful nature, which ensure the prevention (de-escalation) of aggression (armed conflict) against the Russian Federation and (or) its allies. Separate military units can be awarded for participation in operations on land and in the air, as well as for high performance in combat training, courage and dedication, which were manifested in the course of the fulfillment of the assigned combat training tasks.
Currently, only two cases of awarding the Order of Suvorov are known. November 14 2013 was awarded this order by the Ryazan Higher Airborne Command School. The school was awarded for services to strengthen Russia's defense, as well as the training of highly qualified military personnel. Ryazan School was the first military institution in the country, starting with the 1991 year, which was awarded the state award. Russian President Vladimir Putin personally attached the order to the banner of the school. The second case of awarding the order happened just the other day. On August 18, the president signed a decree awarding the 76 Guards airborne assault division of the Airborne Forces the Order of Suvorov "for the successful fulfillment of combat missions." On August 22, Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu arrived in Pskov and presented the unit with a high award. “This year, you honorably fulfilled special tasks for the return of the Republic of Crimea to the Russian Federation,” noted Sergey Shoigu.
The badge of the order is a four-pointed gold-plated straight cross, with flared ends. There are silver fines between the ends of the cross. In the center of the cross is a medallion with a convex border, made of silver. In the medallion field there is a bust gilded portrait of Generalissimo A.V. Suvorov in profile. It is turned to the left side and rests at the bottom of the medallion on crossed oak and laurel branches, which are intertwined with ribbon. Along the circumference of the medallion in the upper part there is an inscription "Alexander Suvorov", made in direct capital relief letters, the letters are covered with red enamel.
The distance between the opposite ends of the cross is 40 mm, and between the opposite penalties - 35 mm. On the reverse side of the award is the number of the badge of the order. With the help of a ring and an ear, the badge of the order is attached to a standard pentagonal block, which is covered with silk moire ribbon 24 mm wide, the color of the ribbon is green. In the center of the tape is an orange stripe width 5 mm. The width of the tape that is attached to the Combat Flag of a military unit is 100 mm.
Order of Ushakov
The Order of Ushakov is awarded to senior officers from the command of associations and formations of the Russian Navy, military units and ships of the forces fleet, as well as foreign citizens - military personnel of the Allied forces also from among the top command staff. Awarding the order may be made posthumously. Over the entire period of the existence of the Russian Federation, not a single award was awarded with the Ushakov Order.
To this order, senior officers can be represented for the skillful conduct and organization of operations, combat operations of fleet forces, skillfully carried out maneuver, and success in destroying fleet forces and enemy coastal targets. In addition, warships and military units can be awarded with the Order for participation in ensuring a successful naval operation, as well as for high performance in combat training, dedication, and courage, which were displayed in the course of performing the combat training tasks set by the command.
The badge of the order is a silver four-pointed straight cross with flared ends, enameled in blue. Along the edges of the cross there is a convex narrow welt. Silver fines are located between the ends of the cross. A silver anchor with a medallion, which is framed with an anchor chain, is superimposed on the cross. The medallion is also covered with blue enamel. In the field of the medallion there is a billowed gilded portrait of Admiral F. F. Ushakov, which is depicted half-turn to the left. Under this medallion on the paws of the anchor are gilded oak and laurel branches, which are intertwined with ribbon. In the upper part, along the circumference of the medallion, the inscription “Admiral Ushakov” is made, the inscription is made in capital direct relief letters, the letters are gilded.
The distance between the opposite ends of the four-pointed cross is 40 mm, between the opposite penalties - 45 mm. On the back of the sign is its serial number. With the help of a ring and an ear, the sign is connected to a standard pentagonal pad, which is covered with a moire silk silk tape of white color 24 mm wide. Along the edges of this tape is a blue border (2 mm), and in the center is a blue stripe (4 mm). The width of the tape that is attached to the combat banner of a military unit is 100 mm.
Order of Kutuzov
The order of Kutuzov can be awarded to the commanders of military units, as well as their deputies, commanders of battalions, companies, individual military units, as well as foreign citizens - military personnel of the Allied troops from among the officers. Awards can be made posthumously. Also the order can be awarded military units. During the existence of the Russian Federation, only three awards were made by the Order of Kutuzov - all awards of military units.
The Order of Kutuzov can be obtained for the skillful organization and conduct of military operations, as well as for the skillful conduct of the battle on land and in the air, for the successful fulfillment of the combat mission set by the command, shown during its execution personal courage. Military units can be awarded for the successful conduct of combat operations, during which the objectives of the operation were achieved with preservation of combat effectiveness, as well as for high performance in combat training, dedication and courage shown in the performance of command and training combat missions.
To date, three awards have been given to this order. On February 9, 2011, the Order of Kutuzov was awarded to the 45th Separate Guards Order of Alexander Nevsky Special Forces Regiment of the Airborne Forces. On June 12, 2012, the 393rd received the award aviation Russian Army Air Force Base. The last award took place on February 1, 2014. The 74th Separate Guards Zvenigorod-Berlin Order of Suvorov, XNUMXnd class, motorized rifle brigade was presented for the award.
The badge of the Order is a four-pointed silver straight cross, with flared ends. Between the ends of this cross are gilded penalties. In the very center of the cross there is a silver medallion with a wide gilded border, covered with white enamel. In the medallion there is an oak-laurel wreath. On the inside, there is a ribbon on the border, which is painted with white enamel. In the field of the medallion there is a portrait in profile of Field Marshal M. I. Kutuzov. At the bottom of the medallion, behind the portrait of the field marshal there is an image of the Kremlin wall. The inscription “Mikhail Kutuzov” is in a circle in the ribbon, the inscription is made in embossed capital letters, the letters are gilded.
The distance between the opposite ends of the cross is 40 mm, while the distance between the opposite fines, unlike the two orders listed earlier, is also equal to 40 mm. On the back of the badge of the order is its serial number. The Order of Kutuzov is attached to a standard pentagonal shoe with a ring and an ear. The pad is covered with moire silk ribbon 24 mm wide. The color of the tape is dark blue; in the center of the tape there is an orange strip 5 mm wide. The width of the tape that is attached to the banner of the military unit is 100 mm.
Order of Nakhimov
Order of Nakhimov awarded officers of the fleet, as well as ships and military units, foreign citizens - Allied military personnel from the officer corps. Possible posthumous award. For all the time of existence of the Russian Federation, only one such order was awarded. On July 28, the President of Russia signed a decree awarding the Order of Nakhimov of the heavy nuclear missile cruiser Peter the Great. The award was presented to 10 on January 2013 of the year during Vladimir Putin’s visit to Severomorsk. On that day a flag with the image of the Order of Nakhimov was hoisted on the cruiser.
The Order of Nakhimov can be awarded to officers for the successes that have been shown in the design, support and conduct of operations, military operations of the Navy groups, for the successful performance of the combat missions assigned by the command, as well as personal bravery. Military units and individual ships can be awarded the Order of Nakhimov for participation in ensuring successful naval operations, as well as the high rates achieved in combat training, dedication and courage, which were manifested in the performance of command and control combat missions.
The Order of Nakhimov is a silver four-pointed straight cross, which is covered with blue enamel. At the edges of the cross there is a narrow convex welt. The cross of the award is imposed on a star with four rays, the rays of which extend between the ends of the cross and are completed with the paws of anchors that connect the ends of the cross. The rays of this star are covered with ruby enamel. A silver medallion, framed with an anchor chain and covered with blue enamel, is superimposed on the cross; the medallion has a narrow twisted convex welt. In the middle of the medallion there is a bosom image of Admiral P. S. Nakhimov, made in profile and facing to the left. The image is based on the oak-laurel branch. On the circumference of the medallion is the inscription "Admiral Nakhimov", all the letters are capital and embossed.
The distance between the opposite ends of the cross reward equals 40 mm, between the opposite rays of the star - 45 mm. On the back of the badge of the Order of Nakhimov is his serial number. The order is attached with a ring and an ear to a standard pentagonal block, which is covered with moire silk ribbon 24 mm wide. Along the edges of the orange ribbon is a black border (2 mm) in the center is a black stripe (4 mm). The width of the tape attached to the Combat Flag of a military unit is 100 mm.
Based on materials from open sources
In many ways, the fact that for a long time the “commander” orders were asleep was due to the fact that in Russia there was simply no need to reward them with someone. Compared with the Soviet counterparts updated orders have changed greatly. At the same time, these orders combine history Tsarist Russia and the Soviet Union. Thus, the basis of the orders of Suvorov, Ushakov, Kutuzov and Nakhimov is the cross, but the central part repeats the medallions, which were used in the Soviet awards of the same name, with almost no changes. In this case, the Order of Suvorov became "General" and the Order of Ushakov "Admiral." In turn, the orders of Kutuzov and Nakhimov became officers, that is, intended for delivery to the average commanding staff.
At the same time, the Order of Alexander Nevsky, which has changed dramatically, stands apart. It was based on the award of the same name of the tsarist era, and now it is mostly awarded to civilians. The statute of the order says that it is no longer a military reward, as it was in the USSR. On 26 of August, 69 is aware of the cases of awarding this order, of which 22 is under unpublished award orders. The overwhelming majority of those awarded with this order are civil servants and cultural officials.
Vladimir Putin presented the Order of Suvorov to the Ryazan Higher Airborne Command School
Order of Suvorov
The Order of Suvorov is awarded to commanders of associations, as well as their deputies, heads of operational departments and divisions, heads of branches of troops and special forces of the Armed Forces, as well as individual military units and foreign citizens - allied military personnel from the top officers. Awarding the order can be made posthumously.
The award is given for the skillful organization of operations and the management of groups of troops, associations and military units. And also for the skillful organization and leadership of the armed forces of the Russian Federation in the implementation of measures of strategic deterrence of a forceful nature, which ensure the prevention (de-escalation) of aggression (armed conflict) against the Russian Federation and (or) its allies. Separate military units can be awarded for participation in operations on land and in the air, as well as for high performance in combat training, courage and dedication, which were manifested in the course of the fulfillment of the assigned combat training tasks.
Currently, only two cases of awarding the Order of Suvorov are known. November 14 2013 was awarded this order by the Ryazan Higher Airborne Command School. The school was awarded for services to strengthen Russia's defense, as well as the training of highly qualified military personnel. Ryazan School was the first military institution in the country, starting with the 1991 year, which was awarded the state award. Russian President Vladimir Putin personally attached the order to the banner of the school. The second case of awarding the order happened just the other day. On August 18, the president signed a decree awarding the 76 Guards airborne assault division of the Airborne Forces the Order of Suvorov "for the successful fulfillment of combat missions." On August 22, Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu arrived in Pskov and presented the unit with a high award. “This year, you honorably fulfilled special tasks for the return of the Republic of Crimea to the Russian Federation,” noted Sergey Shoigu.
The badge of the order is a four-pointed gold-plated straight cross, with flared ends. There are silver fines between the ends of the cross. In the center of the cross is a medallion with a convex border, made of silver. In the medallion field there is a bust gilded portrait of Generalissimo A.V. Suvorov in profile. It is turned to the left side and rests at the bottom of the medallion on crossed oak and laurel branches, which are intertwined with ribbon. Along the circumference of the medallion in the upper part there is an inscription "Alexander Suvorov", made in direct capital relief letters, the letters are covered with red enamel.
The distance between the opposite ends of the cross is 40 mm, and between the opposite penalties - 35 mm. On the reverse side of the award is the number of the badge of the order. With the help of a ring and an ear, the badge of the order is attached to a standard pentagonal block, which is covered with silk moire ribbon 24 mm wide, the color of the ribbon is green. In the center of the tape is an orange stripe width 5 mm. The width of the tape that is attached to the Combat Flag of a military unit is 100 mm.
Order of Ushakov
The Order of Ushakov is awarded to senior officers from the command of associations and formations of the Russian Navy, military units and ships of the forces fleet, as well as foreign citizens - military personnel of the Allied forces also from among the top command staff. Awarding the order may be made posthumously. Over the entire period of the existence of the Russian Federation, not a single award was awarded with the Ushakov Order.
To this order, senior officers can be represented for the skillful conduct and organization of operations, combat operations of fleet forces, skillfully carried out maneuver, and success in destroying fleet forces and enemy coastal targets. In addition, warships and military units can be awarded with the Order for participation in ensuring a successful naval operation, as well as for high performance in combat training, dedication, and courage, which were displayed in the course of performing the combat training tasks set by the command.
The badge of the order is a silver four-pointed straight cross with flared ends, enameled in blue. Along the edges of the cross there is a convex narrow welt. Silver fines are located between the ends of the cross. A silver anchor with a medallion, which is framed with an anchor chain, is superimposed on the cross. The medallion is also covered with blue enamel. In the field of the medallion there is a billowed gilded portrait of Admiral F. F. Ushakov, which is depicted half-turn to the left. Under this medallion on the paws of the anchor are gilded oak and laurel branches, which are intertwined with ribbon. In the upper part, along the circumference of the medallion, the inscription “Admiral Ushakov” is made, the inscription is made in capital direct relief letters, the letters are gilded.
The distance between the opposite ends of the four-pointed cross is 40 mm, between the opposite penalties - 45 mm. On the back of the sign is its serial number. With the help of a ring and an ear, the sign is connected to a standard pentagonal pad, which is covered with a moire silk silk tape of white color 24 mm wide. Along the edges of this tape is a blue border (2 mm), and in the center is a blue stripe (4 mm). The width of the tape that is attached to the combat banner of a military unit is 100 mm.
Order of Kutuzov
The order of Kutuzov can be awarded to the commanders of military units, as well as their deputies, commanders of battalions, companies, individual military units, as well as foreign citizens - military personnel of the Allied troops from among the officers. Awards can be made posthumously. Also the order can be awarded military units. During the existence of the Russian Federation, only three awards were made by the Order of Kutuzov - all awards of military units.
The Order of Kutuzov can be obtained for the skillful organization and conduct of military operations, as well as for the skillful conduct of the battle on land and in the air, for the successful fulfillment of the combat mission set by the command, shown during its execution personal courage. Military units can be awarded for the successful conduct of combat operations, during which the objectives of the operation were achieved with preservation of combat effectiveness, as well as for high performance in combat training, dedication and courage shown in the performance of command and training combat missions.
To date, three awards have been given to this order. On February 9, 2011, the Order of Kutuzov was awarded to the 45th Separate Guards Order of Alexander Nevsky Special Forces Regiment of the Airborne Forces. On June 12, 2012, the 393rd received the award aviation Russian Army Air Force Base. The last award took place on February 1, 2014. The 74th Separate Guards Zvenigorod-Berlin Order of Suvorov, XNUMXnd class, motorized rifle brigade was presented for the award.
The badge of the Order is a four-pointed silver straight cross, with flared ends. Between the ends of this cross are gilded penalties. In the very center of the cross there is a silver medallion with a wide gilded border, covered with white enamel. In the medallion there is an oak-laurel wreath. On the inside, there is a ribbon on the border, which is painted with white enamel. In the field of the medallion there is a portrait in profile of Field Marshal M. I. Kutuzov. At the bottom of the medallion, behind the portrait of the field marshal there is an image of the Kremlin wall. The inscription “Mikhail Kutuzov” is in a circle in the ribbon, the inscription is made in embossed capital letters, the letters are gilded.
The distance between the opposite ends of the cross is 40 mm, while the distance between the opposite fines, unlike the two orders listed earlier, is also equal to 40 mm. On the back of the badge of the order is its serial number. The Order of Kutuzov is attached to a standard pentagonal shoe with a ring and an ear. The pad is covered with moire silk ribbon 24 mm wide. The color of the tape is dark blue; in the center of the tape there is an orange strip 5 mm wide. The width of the tape that is attached to the banner of the military unit is 100 mm.
Order of Nakhimov
Order of Nakhimov awarded officers of the fleet, as well as ships and military units, foreign citizens - Allied military personnel from the officer corps. Possible posthumous award. For all the time of existence of the Russian Federation, only one such order was awarded. On July 28, the President of Russia signed a decree awarding the Order of Nakhimov of the heavy nuclear missile cruiser Peter the Great. The award was presented to 10 on January 2013 of the year during Vladimir Putin’s visit to Severomorsk. On that day a flag with the image of the Order of Nakhimov was hoisted on the cruiser.
The Order of Nakhimov can be awarded to officers for the successes that have been shown in the design, support and conduct of operations, military operations of the Navy groups, for the successful performance of the combat missions assigned by the command, as well as personal bravery. Military units and individual ships can be awarded the Order of Nakhimov for participation in ensuring successful naval operations, as well as the high rates achieved in combat training, dedication and courage, which were manifested in the performance of command and control combat missions.
The Order of Nakhimov is a silver four-pointed straight cross, which is covered with blue enamel. At the edges of the cross there is a narrow convex welt. The cross of the award is imposed on a star with four rays, the rays of which extend between the ends of the cross and are completed with the paws of anchors that connect the ends of the cross. The rays of this star are covered with ruby enamel. A silver medallion, framed with an anchor chain and covered with blue enamel, is superimposed on the cross; the medallion has a narrow twisted convex welt. In the middle of the medallion there is a bosom image of Admiral P. S. Nakhimov, made in profile and facing to the left. The image is based on the oak-laurel branch. On the circumference of the medallion is the inscription "Admiral Nakhimov", all the letters are capital and embossed.
The distance between the opposite ends of the cross reward equals 40 mm, between the opposite rays of the star - 45 mm. On the back of the badge of the Order of Nakhimov is his serial number. The order is attached with a ring and an ear to a standard pentagonal block, which is covered with moire silk ribbon 24 mm wide. Along the edges of the orange ribbon is a black border (2 mm) in the center is a black stripe (4 mm). The width of the tape attached to the Combat Flag of a military unit is 100 mm.
Based on materials from open sources
Information