Back in the USSR: you do not go there, you go here - the ideal will fall into your head, you will not be a pragmatist at all!
Thanks to the constructive responses of a number of members of the Military Review forum, this task turned out to be lifting and solvable, although in a more extensible time than was originally supposed. First of all, I consider it my duty to give the names (nicknames) of site visitors who contributed to this project: Asgard, Nikolai Gavrilyuk, Gardamir, Igor39, Engineer74, Sour, Neslukh, “Minesweeper”, “Aleksey Strelov”, “Bairat”, “BigRiver”, “Lk17619”, “Nursultan”, “SAAG”, “SAG”, “SPLV” and “vladsolo56”. These are the people thanks to whom we have material for further discussion of the topic raised.
RESULTS OF SWOT ANALYSIS
A few preliminary notes. With the systematization of the array of information received regarding the strengths and weaknesses of the USSR and the Russian Federation, some hierarchical pattern in the characteristics and features indicated by the participants of the SWOT analysis. Upon closer inspection, this hierarchical structure resembles the one proposed by Abraham Maslow when studying human needs. According to Maslow, the whole diversity of human needs can be represented as a hierarchical pyramid. It is based on lower physiological needs (food, drink, air, sex, etc.) and security needs (clothing, housing, comfortable conditions). The top of the pyramid is made up of the highest spiritual needs (cognition, self-actualization, self-identification, realization of abilities, personal development).
It is clear that the pyramid of the needs of society is far from identical to the pyramid of the “desires” of an individual. Therefore, the task arose to deal with its content and determine what levels exist there? Based on systematic data, as a working hypothesis, we propose the following framework describing the strengths and weaknesses of the two societies (in top-down order):
2. The strength of the state. His ability to pursue and defend the interests of citizens in domestic and foreign policy.
3. Equality of members of society. Uniform and transparent "rules of the game" that apply to all members of society, regardless of their status. State legislation.
4. Self-realization of members of society, their physical, intellectual and spiritual development.
5. Security of the citizens of the society. Responsibility of the state for social protection and social guarantees.
Having designated the analysis framework, we will proceed directly to examining the strengths and weaknesses of the two societies, and the corresponding opportunities, risks / threats to their citizens.
SOVIET UNION (SOCIETY 70-80-x years)
A) strengths of society and opportunities for citizens
The official presence of a people-unifying goal and a corresponding humanistic super-ideology about a just society, where man is a friend, comrade and brother. Predominant pride in society.
Economically and politically strong state, protecting its citizens from external threats and internal risks, and, at the same time, itself representing a threat to external and internal enemies. The ability to cope with the separatist sentiments on a national basis. High public prestige of the Armed Forces.
Social homogeneity and unity of society. Lack of stratification for the rich and the poor. Equality, collectivism, support and mutual assistance among people. Equal rights of citizens to the natural and material and raw material resources of the country. Strict but fair legislation that applies to all members of society.
Any person, regardless of the starting conditions, had the opportunity to choose the path for personal fulfillment. The widest opportunities for citizens within the state, while respecting political loyalty. Affordable, free and quality education. Opportunities for professional growth and career advancement. Equal access to "social elevators", unlimited opportunities with the presence of abilities. Sophisticated youth policy, high mobility of young people.
Confidence of people in the future. The ability to have any number of children. Guaranteed work and housing. Free medicine, spa treatment, rest homes, etc. Taking care of children, free nurseries, gardens, schools, hobby groups, sports clubs. Natural food.
B) Weaknesses of society and risks / threats to citizens
Party, political and ideological dogmatism. The stagnation of the party-Soviet apparatus. The ideological stagnation, the lack of creative development of the theory and practice of socialism. Split the life of society on the official and the shadow.
Party monopoly on power. The lack of control over power by society, the self-reproduction of power. Strong censorship in all areas of life. Political repression, persecution of dissent. The bureaucratic party-soviet apparatus.
Bulky, inert economy, inefficient use of public funds. Spent huge amounts of money to support national liberation movements and socialism around the world. Distortions in the provision of the republics. Deficiencies in the development of light and food industries. Lack of individual / private entrepreneurship and a free market.
Lack of freedom of speech and religion. Insufficient awareness of the population, narrow-mindedness. Closed borders, lack of freedom of movement. Leveling Complete passivity of the masses, lack of initiative, inertia, stagnation. No sense of personal responsibility. The lack of interest of the team and the individual in the results of work. The system has created a human child who is unable to act individually and responsibly (pronounced paternalism of the state in relation to its citizens). Widespread drunkenness and alcoholism.
Lack of goods and services, queues, speculation.
RUSSIAN FEDERATION (MODERN SOCIETY)
A) strengths of society and opportunities for citizens
Freedom of speech and religion. Open borders, the ability to navigate the world. Freedom to receive, share and create information. Non-interference of the state in private life. The possibility of obtaining education and treatment abroad.
The possibility of individual and private entrepreneurship. The possibility of commercialization of ideas. The competition of people, goods and services. Free labor market. Great interest in the end results of labor.
Dynamism. Opportunities for capable and active people. Nomination for the first roles of people with penetrative character and business acumen. The ability to earn to the best of ability, the ability to rest to the best of their earnings.
Huge selection of products of light and food industry from different countries and manufacturers. No shortage of products, consumer goods and services. The acquisition of any benefits according to the financial situation.
B) Weaknesses of society and risks / threats to citizens
Lack of a unifying goal, national idea, long-term motivation and altruistic promise. Lack of clear guidelines for society. The absence of ideology opens society for alien ideological and cultural infections.
Weak state. Lack of economic and financial sovereignty. Separatism, ethnic conflicts, terrorism, sectarianism.
Illegal privatization, units of national wealth unreasonably use. Giant social stratification of society. Social inequality. Affinity and cronyism. Lack of quality dialogue power-society. Liberal Criminal Code, a lot of stupid laws. The absence of law for all. Low prestige of military service. Corruption at all levels of government and government. Kickbacks, bribery, legal fraud, speculation on anything. Bureaucratic chaos, bureaucracy. Raiding, lawlessness of law enforcement.
The collapse of the education system, low education and, as a result, awareness of the loss of the future. Lack of childhood - the child immediately joins an adult society. Abandoned youth. Everyone for himself, mass egoism, the principle of "saving the drowning is the work of the drowning themselves." Search for personal gain in any situation. Greed, anger, selfishness, psychosis. Extreme selfishness and intolerance of each other. Promotion of consumer values, sex and violence through TV and media. Uncontrolled rampant religions and sects. Zombie citizens through primitive advertising.
No confidence in the future. Very uncertain degree of protection of a citizen by the state. Lack of state support and social guarantees. The complete vulnerability of the ordinary citizen from the arbitrariness of private and officials. Rampant crime, prostitution, drug trafficking and drug addiction, trafficking in people and their organs. Impoverishment of vulnerable groups. Unemployment. Unavailability of housing. Paid medicine. Counterfeit medicines, GMO products.
* * *
Such is the generalized and systematic picture of the “Pro” and “Contra” of the two societies - the Soviet Union and the Russian Federation. Now you can return to the question raised in the first article: “What motivation are driven by people in their desire to return to the USSR - the motivation to leave the“ OT ”of the reality of modern society, or the desire for the realities of the Soviet Union?”. Obviously, people want to get rid of from the negative modern society and rejoin to positive the past of the Soviet Union. But then another question arises - what about the positive of today, with the freedoms that we now have and cherish? Take them with you, "back to the USSR"? But there they will definitely come into conflict with the harsh totalitarian restrictions of the Soviet system ...
And why enter the same river twice - let's combine the strengths and capabilities of the Soviet Union with modern “pluses”, at the same time get rid of the shortcomings of both formations and get the image of the desired society! Such an obvious move suggests itself after getting acquainted with the results of the SWOT analysis.
And it would be quite feasible if this synthesis took place on the platform of the USSR, relying on its strengths and opportunities that are open to people by Soviet society. Maybe this is the path our history would take in the 20th century, if during the perestroika period exactly what was written on its slogans was done. But the tragedy of that time consisted precisely in the fact that the people accustomed to trust the authorities were told one thing from the high tribunes, but in fact, quite conspiratorially, something else was done. This is pure deception and betrayal by the power of their people. As a result, instead of renewed socialism, we got what we have - a home-grown form of an oligarchic-clan society with a modest list of strengths and a substantial baggage of shortcomings, risks and threats for ordinary citizens.
WHAT DOES DETERMINE WE DO?
In the absence of stamp paper, write on idle. So we, in an attempt to outline the contours of the future, will start from the realities of modern society, dance not from the Soviet, but from the Russian stove. Let us once again turn to the pyramid of the needs of society, noted above. It is easy to see that most of the strengths and advantages of Russian society are located in this pyramid or on the lower floors (consumer abundance), or on the middle (a wide range of freedoms, opportunities for self-realization of citizens). At the same time, the upper levels of the hierarchy (strategic goals, national idea, ideology, power of the state, its ability to defend the interests of the people) are filled with a vacuum or have a negative connotation.
With the fact that Russia, apart from bread and circuses, is in dire need of a strategic goal, many people will agree on the national idea and ideology. But they are not, since the collapse of the Soviet Union. Perhaps, bright heads, capable of developing them in relation to present-day conditions, have disappeared in Russia? Far from it, no need to go far for an example, just look at the site of the Izborsky Club and get acquainted with "STRATEGY OF GREAT LEAP"fully responsive to the needs of the country. “Strategy” was published in October 2012. Its authors regarded their work as a helping hand extended to the President in his struggle with the liberal and clan environment. All that was needed was political will to accept this hand. A year and a half has passed since the publication of the Strategy, but the outstretched helping hand still remains unclaimed ...
To be fair, it should be noted that some shifts in the ideological plan have nevertheless occurred recently. In the past 2013, the President of Russia announced "PRAGMATIC CONSERVATISM", as the ideological basis of modern Russian society. At the same time, he explained his choice with a quote from the Russian philosopher Nikolai Berdyaev: "The meaning of conservatism is not that it impedes movement forward and upward, but that it interferes with movement backwards and downwards." The philosophical thought expressed in the 1918 year obviously needs to be deciphered in the context of today's realities.
So, what state of affairs is going to “preserve”, i.e. to preserve the President in Russian society, and beyond what historical milestone does he not want to move back and down? For a number of signs and evidence, this is the beginning of 2000-x (see, for example, Khodorkovsky’s memories of Putin’s meeting with representatives of big business, or Putin’s opinion about Chubais and his activities, or his call to get rid of "ideological garbage" in textbooks stories). What is remarkable about this date - the beginning of 2000's? The barrier, set at the turn of the century, is designed to preserve the status quo that has developed in society after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the first wave of state property privatization in the 90s. He is the guarantor of the fact that the processes of the death of the socialist state and the division of property have IRREVERSIBLE CHARACTER.
Having decided on the rear lines, beyond which it is impossible to leave, let us try to understand what “forward and upward” means from the point of view of pragmatic conservatism. It is not pragmatic to set strategic goals for the development of society and formulate a national idea, much less to give them publicity! Whether it is not enough how the map will fall ... It is much more pragmatic to manipulate the concepts of operational-tactical scale. For example, a borrowing term from a Western political vocabulary, such as "ROAD MAP". A very convenient term, especially if it means an “for official use” card, which only its approximate and dedicated people know about. For example, the point marked on the map is the “second wave of privatization”. We approached this point, alerted whom we should, created the most favored regime for them, they prepared, successfully privatized the delicious state assets, we go further ... Further, other points, many and different - various reforms, ranging from the Armed Forces to the Academy of Sciences, the Olympiad in Sochi, development of the Far Eastern region and, of course, such a bold item as the state defense order-2020. Of course, for the “development” of each of these points, the “road gamblers” allocate considerable sums from the state budget. Only what proportion of these amounts really goes to work?
Probably, it is possible to move the country “forward and upward” anyway - without a strategic goal and a national idea, along the road map, step by step, from point to point. But this card has one peculiarity - it passes through land contaminated with corruption and in territories divided between various near-power clans. What great pragmatic-conservative sense is hidden in the movement of such a locality? Without prior disinfection and terraforming? And what does the country expect behind the outline of the "road map"? What is there, the federal highway or "brick"? SWOT analysis does not provide answers to these questions. Maybe they will be among the readers?
Materials on the topic:
1. The article "Back to the USSR", part 1: http://topwar.ru/37094-nazad-v-sssr-motivaciya-ot-ili-motivaciya-k.html
2. Concept of SWOT analysis: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWOT- analysis
3. Needs needs pyramid by A. Maslow: http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peramid_requirements_ by_Maslow
4. The Big Bang Strategy: http://www.dynacon.ru/content/articles/975/
5. Khodorkovsky on Putin's agreement with oligarchs: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5Kg0gO7G3F0
6. Putin about Chubais and his activities: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V74ZWAJbx-Y
7. Putin about the case of Oboronservis: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNpcPAT2u8Q
8. Putin on “ideological rubbish” in history books: http://globalist.org.ua/shorts/111987.html
Information