Why did the Cold War start
J.V. Stalin, G. Truman and W. Churchill shake hands at the Potsdam Conference. July 25, 1945
"Russian threat"
Washington and London, organizing the Second World War and using Germany and Japan as battering rams (Origins of World War II: USA vs. All), they planned that Russia-USSR would be destroyed. The Soviet Union was going to be dismembered and robbed, creating the Anglo-Saxon “eternal Reich”. Only at the head of the world slave-owning civilization (new world order) there should have been not Berlin, as Hitler wanted, but Washington and London.
However, the Soviet Union not only survived, but also emerged from the war not greatly weakened, which would have allowed Moscow to dictate the terms of the new world order, but, on the contrary, strengthened. With the best ground army in the world, which passed the terrible test that the Wehrmacht gave the Russians. With advanced science and technology, efficient economy. A people ready for any achievement. It was incredible, it was a real miracle! Despite the devastation and terrible human and material losses, the Union became a new superpower.
At the same time, Russia has strengthened itself not with wealth, not with capital, not with an increase in the standard of living. No, Russia during the war and for some time after it lived from hand to mouth, the country and people tightened their belts, denying themselves minimal pleasures. But Russia at that time was at the peak of the power of the spirit, the unity of civil society and the Stalinist elite, the people and the real leader. It was an amazing climb that allowed us to overcome any difficulties. Society and people were full of energy, dynamism, creation and creativity. The new society of knowledge, service and creation was bearing fruit.
Russia was striving for the stars, literally opening up a unique opportunity for humanity with a leap. This was a challenge to the Western project of a global slave-owning civilization (then under the guise of capitalism). The USSR was creating a new solar civilization, a world of the future, where man is not a slave, but a creator.
Thus, the plan to bring the United States to global, absolute dominance failed. Although The United States was able to accomplish a number of important strategic tasks:
1) Germany is destroyed, robbed and subjugated. But not all of it. Eastern part under Russians;
2) Western Europe is destroyed and subjugated. But the eastern part of Europe was moving into the sphere of influence of the USSR;
3) The Japanese Empire was destroyed, robbed, turned into a semi-colony, and then into the “unsinkable aircraft carrier” of the United States;
4) Chinese civilization has been drained of blood, robbed, and there is a bloody civil war going on. But in the end, the United States will lose the Celestial Empire. Stalin will outplay the Anglo-Saxons. This will be a blow to the West;
5) The British Empire is weakened and has become a junior partner of the United States;
6) the most important thing is Russia resisted and became even stronger. There were now two superpowers on the planet. The Russians gave the world an alternative to the Western global project of enslaving humanity. At the same time, the Red (Russian) project was very popular then. Social justice and ethics of conscience against the parasitism of the “chosen” slave owners. Many advanced, progressive people then supported the Soviet Union.
Allied forces parade in Berlin on September 7, 1945, marking the end of World War II. Column of 52 Soviet heavy tanks An IS-3 from the 2nd Guards Tank Army passes along the Charlottenburg Highway.
Saving the scientific and technical potential of the “black civilization”
Therefore, the USA and England delayed the opening of a second front in France until the last minute (The UK and US will wait "until Germany is mortally wounded by the Russian offensive"). So that the Russians and Germans bleed each other as much as possible.
The dying Third Reich brought gold and other valuables to Switzerland. In the spring of 1945, a few weeks before the collapse of Germany, the vice-president of the Reichsbank, Emil Puhl, went to Switzerland and negotiated with bankers about the fate of Nazi treasures that had been transferred to the country of banks. He reported to Berlin that the Swiss partners maintained their independence in matters of gold reserves. Another 3 tons of gold were transported to Switzerland. After the war, Swiss authorities announced a freeze on Nazi deposits. However, the secret of the deposits was maintained. This is the basis of the material and financial well-being of Switzerland.
The Nazis, with the support of British and American intelligence services and the Roman Catholic Church, established “rat trails.” Many escaped to the United States, Latin America and the Middle East. The masters of the West, and primarily the United States, could not abandon the valuable personnel of the Third Reich to arbitrariness and death. The Americans needed them for their world domination. What was needed was the invaluable experience of employees of the German special services, the SS, the Wehrmacht, scientific, technical, and ideological personnel (Why did the US cover up Nazi criminals?).
At the end of the war, the functionaries of the Third Reich themselves, the SS men, the military, collaborators, etc., rushed to the West, to territories that fell under the control of British and American troops. They considered themselves fighters against the Bolsheviks and wanted to avoid deserved punishment for the crimes they had committed. And many turned out to be right.
The Americans themselves also sought to seize the military and technical secrets of the Reich, and to acquire leading military scientists and engineers. Even before the defeat of Nazi Germany, the United States, with the help of German physicists, significantly accelerated its atomic program. After the defeat of Germany, American intelligence conducted Operation Paperclip. In 1945–1959 As part of this special operation, the Americans transported 1 Nazi scientists, physicists and rocket scientists to the United States.
German scientists who worked in the military-industrial complex, in Himmler’s “Ahnenerbe” system (German: Ahnenerbe - “Heritage of the Ancestors”), managed to get into the western zones of occupation in time. Their research went to the Americans and the British.
Along the way, archives, traces of crimes, and the transfer of Reich treasures looted from Europe and Russia to the West were destroyed. Almost all documents related to the financing of the Nazi Party disappeared without a trace, and the main archive of the Nazi Treasury, headed by Reichsleiter Franz-Xaver Schwarz, disappeared. The archive of the Economic Assistance Fund named after. A. Hitler." The tracks were covered.
Ends in the water
Westerners also tried to avoid a full investigation stories formation and crimes of the Third Reich. Thus, Nuremberg in the American zone of occupation was chosen for the meeting of the International Tribunal, created to punish the main perpetrators of the war. The Americans were the masters, organizers and controllers of the process. To carry it out, the norms of Anglo-American judicial law were adopted. The Westerners introduced a clause into the tribunal's charter that prohibited touching on issues that could discredit the winners. Soviet representatives had to agree.
therefore the involvement of the then collective West in the creation of the “Third Reich” project - Hitler, remained behind the scenes. Connections between German industry and American and Western companies and banks too. The defendants also followed the “rules of the game.” The main banker of the Hitler regime and the father of the mobilization economy of the Reich, Hjalmar Schacht, could joke with the prison psychiatrist that Americans “must judge ourselves.” But at the trial itself, he did not allow himself such revelations. Therefore, he was acquitted, as were the leading Nazi propagandist Hans Fritsche and the prominent politician and diplomat Franz von Papen.
It is interesting that the new German authorities had already opened cases against Schacht, Fritsche and Papen and wanted to arrest them and put them on trial. But the Americans took them out under their protection. The US did not surrender its people. Subsequently, Fritsche, like Schacht and von Papen, were convicted of other crimes by the German denazification commission. They received 8–9 years each, but were soon released. Schacht founded the banking house Schacht GmbH (Dusseldorf).
Hitler's chief banker, Kurt von Schroeder, was also handed over to the German court. And he received three months in prison for “crimes against humanity”! He spent this time under investigation and therefore immediately received his freedom.
Also, the leaders of German concerns were to be tried at the Nuremberg Tribunal. They were to be represented in the dock by Gustav Krupp. This German industrialist and financial tycoon provided significant material support to the Nazi movement. However, the international medical commission that examined Krupp found that for health reasons he could not stand trial. The patient was released without trial.
They decided to separate the charges against industrialists into a special trial. Then, instead of one process, carry out a series across different concerns. And make it not international, but only American. Washington instructed its tribunals: “Take as a precedent the verdict by which Schacht was acquitted.”
However, it was difficult to get rid of the criminals. For example, his son Alfred and 9 directors were responsible for the Krupp concern. Not to mention the militarization of the Third Reich, the concern widely used the labor of prisoners of war and other concentration camp prisoners. On July 31, 1948, the American military tribunal in Nuremberg (“Krupp Case”) found Alfred Krupp guilty of plundering industrial enterprises of other states and using slave labor. He was sentenced to 12 years in prison with confiscation of property. They planned to dismember the concern. In 1951, Krupp was pardoned and his property was returned. The concern was saved.
The affairs of other concerns ended in a similar way.
On the whole, large German capital was not particularly affected. Now the United States needed the industrial and other resources of West Germany to fight the USSR.
Operation Unthinkable
Already in the spring of 1945, the Western allies began preparations for confrontation with the USSR. The head of Britain, Winston Churchill, concluded:
“The destruction of Germany's military power entailed a fundamental change in relations between communist Russia and Western democracies. They lost their common enemy, the war against which was almost the only link connecting their alliance. From now on, Russian imperialism and the communist doctrine did not see or set a limit to their advancement and desire for final domination.”
Churchill believed that
"Soviet Russia has become a mortal threat to the free world."
Therefore, it is necessary to create a new front against it, including the remnants of the German armies. Occupy Berlin, Prague and Vienna ourselves. Churchill instructs the War Cabinet's Joint Planning Staff to present its views on a possible military campaign against the USSR, codenamed Operation Unthinkable (How the “allies” of the USSR in the Anti-Hitler Coalition wanted to do the “Unthinkable”). The start of hostilities was planned for July 1, 1945.
The project was ready on May 22, 1945. The plan for the land campaign envisaged two main attacks in North-Eastern Europe in the direction of Poland. The rest of the front was supposed to be defended. Despite the fact that the Allies were numerically inferior to the Russian forces, they have hope of achieving success thanks to the factor of surprise and superior command and control aviation. In this case, the Anglo-Americans could reach the common Danzig-Breslau line.
The plan was sent by Churchill for consideration by Britain's highest staff body, the Joint Chiefs of Staff. On June 8, the latter’s conclusion was drawn up. The British military wisely noted that rapid military success was extremely doubtful due to the superiority of Russian forces (except fleet and strategic aviation). The operation will lead to a new long-term total war. Britain was not ready for it.
As a result, the British military, at Churchill’s suggestion, prepared a new, defensive plan that retained the old code name “Unthinkable.” It was ready on July 11th. The Allies were about to retreat from Europe, concentrating their forces to defend the British Isles.
Winston Churchill shows the "V" sign. 1943
To be continued ...
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