How the predatory American empire was created
The Monroe Doctrine promises: Uncle Sam, under the slogan “America for Americans,” will protect neighbors in the Western Hemisphere from European colonialists
Enslavement and extermination of the Indians
Within 75 years after the first English colony of Virginia appeared in 1607, 12 more colonies arose: New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia. By the 1770s, the population of the 13 British colonies along the Atlantic coast east of the Appalachians was 2,5 million.
From the very beginning, the future United States was created on the bones of the local indigenous population - Indians, as well as imported slaves. The lands of America were taken over by deceit, bribery and force. The indigenous population was subjected to genocide - with the help of infectious diseases from which the Indians, having no immunity, died out. “Fire water”, so the moonshine still became more effective weaponsthan a gun, since it killed entire generations and led to their degeneration and degradation.
Pitting tribes against each other. And obvious force, when there were many colonists, and they were able to forcefully dictate their terms to the natives, driving them out to barren, desert lands (reservations), dooming them to slow and painful extinction and killing those who had the courage to resist. It was then that the terrible proverb was born: “a good Indian is a dead Indian.”
Gangs of migrants, deported and fugitive criminals, seekers of profit, gold, adventurers and religious fanatics-radicals rushed to America, who were ready to deceive and kill, seize foreign lands, mercilessly destroying, expelling and enslaving the natives, who were not considered people at all.
What’s interesting is that at the first stage, Dutch and English religious fanatics (“Pilgrim Fathers”), fugitive and deported criminals, and adventurers arrived in America in a very deplorable state - their ships needed major repairs, they were hungry, sick, did not know local conditions and they were barely able to get a foothold on the new continent.
Local warlike and numerous Indian tribes could easily kill and throw the first wave of colonists into the sea. But the Indians (remember Pocahontas) did the opposite - they supported strangers, helped build houses, taught them how to get food and supported the settlers in every possible way. As a result, the colonists were allowed to gain a foothold, settle in, and wait for help.
Soon the aliens moved on to the systematic genocide of their Indian benefactors. The natives were persecuted cynically, with fanaticism and sadism, like rabid animals. It was white headhunters who taught Indian warriors how to collect scalps when the British and French fought for dominance on the continent. At first, for example, in New England, the legislature set the price for an Indian scalp at 50 pounds. Regardless - men's, women's or children's. Still - 50 pounds. Brought the scalp of a woman and her children - and you have initial capital, you are a wealthy person.
That is, the most brutal murders were encouraged from above, by law. Entire brigades of “headhunters” arose. The massacres were massive. Bring a bag of ears to the local authorities and get money (later the price for a scalp dropped to 3–5 dollars).
Indian hunting was a completely normal business. It must be remembered that it was mainly Protestants who arrived in North America. For them, the Indians were not people in our understanding. The Indians were considered semi-intelligent animals, so generally accepted moral standards did not apply to them. Future Americans exterminated hundreds of thousands, millions of Native Americans (real Americans).
Often the Indians were killed and driven deep into the continent, into barren wastelands, legally, on the basis of those “treaties” under which the natives “sold” their lands, completely not understanding their meaning. These “treaties” allowed not only private settlers to destroy and drive Indians from their lands, but also a professional army to legally exterminate them.
Only the large number of Indian tribes allowed them to avoid complete destruction. A small proportion of Aboriginal people (about one percent) survived on reserves. Downtrodden, drunken aborigines, descendants of once free and powerful warrior tribes and farmers were driven into exotic reservations to entertain local residents and tourists.
The Mayflower ship that transported the Pilgrims to the New World. American artist William Formby Halsall
Slave Empire
Also, black and white slaves came to America - indentured “servants”, essentially slaves - disenfranchised Irish, Scots, Germans, Slavs, Scandinavians, etc. This is an unpopular, but documented fact. They began to be imported even before the final solution to the “Indian question”, since labor was needed.
The parasitic predators themselves did not want to work. The supply of blacks was just getting better. Raids on the Indians could not solve this problem, since the freedom-loving Indians preferred death to slavery; in captivity they quickly fell ill and died. That's why they came up with the idea of importing white slaves. They were recruited in Europe by hook or by crook and transported overseas, selling them to English and Dutch parasitic masters.
Many white slaves died on the road, but those who survived brought enormous profits to the slave traders (one of the articles of the so-called “primitive accumulation of capital”). At the same time, the owners tried to multiply the slaves. If the blacks were imported mainly by men, since women simply could not withstand the terrible road, in which up to half or more of the slaves initially loaded onto merchant ships died. There were many women among the white slaves. Therefore, the masters engaged in "crossbreeding" to increase the population of slaves.
So In America, a terrible hierarchy of predators, parasites and victims initially developed. At the top are white gentlemen, Anglo-Saxon landowners, planters, shipowners, moneylenders-bankers, large speculators and the lawyers serving them. They control the military force - unprincipled bandit fighters, ready to do anything for gold, who exterminate the Indians and keep the main disenfranchised mass of white and black slaves under control. Plus a layer of semi-free farmers, hunters who are small predators, parasitizing on the lands of the Indians. However, they are kept under control with the help of laws, lawyers, and driven into bondage by larger predators.
On the basis of slave labor - white and black, the masters of America began to create industry. Moreover, if in the North they mainly used the slave labor of poor white people, then in the South they mainly imported black slaves, who were used in more primitive agriculture.
Thus, initially the American economy and most of the usury-banking “houses” and companies stand on the blood and bones of black and white slaves. Millions of people were exterminated, sold into slavery and perished in inhumane conditions so that America would gain the foundation for its future prosperity.
It's not customary to talk about this, but The slave trade and the brutal extermination of Indian peoples became the basis of a “free” America. Without the merciless exploitation of slaves, the clans of American parasitic predators would not be able to exist and grow rich. In general, the essence of Western civilization is slavery, the parasitism of a select few on slaves, even if the chains have now become invisible.
US Cavalry Pursuing Indians, 1899 color lithograph. Artist Charles Schreyvogel
The beginning of US expansion
Legally, the States arose when the English and American elites (clans of parasitic predators) quarreled over money. American clans wanted the metropolis to moderate its appetites. But London did not want to take into account the interests of the colonies.
When the colonies began to make demands, England began an economic war, threatening military force. The thirteen English colonies quickly united in the face of a common threat. England tried to restore order in the colonies by force.
In 1773, the American Revolution began. In the spring of 1775, the Revolutionary War began. In July 1776, Congress voted to declare American independence and adopted the Declaration of Independence, which formed the basis of the constitution of the new federal state. On September 9, 1776, the Continental Congress approved a new name for America - “United States of America.”
It is understood that the American colonies, without a strong industry, a professional army and fleet, were doomed to failure. England did not crush such opponents. However, here the higher levels of the Western project entered the Great Game - the Freemasons, the owners of the Protestant churches and the Vatican. The separatists were led by Freemason D. Washington. It’s not for nothing that the United States is simply imbued with the Masonic spirit and symbolism. America, according to their plan, was to become the new center of the West, the “New Rome”. Therefore, the American colonies were supported by France and Spain.
Russia also made a strategic mistake when it took a favorable position towards the United States. And in 1780, Russia headed the so-called. The League of Neutrals was an association of states that opposed Britain's intention to oppose trade between its opponents and countries not involved in the conflict. That is, in essence, an anti-British bloc led by Russia was created. In fact, Russia helped the birth of the United States. England had to let go of its overseas colonies and yield to pressure from the then international community.
As a result, a new predator appeared on the planet, a parasitic, slave-owning state that exists at the expense of other people's resources. The formation of the American empire began, which quite quickly, historically, surpassed its mother country - Britain.
The first 13 states immediately began to plunder and occupy neighboring lands. First, the lands of the Indian tribes came under attack. From 1792 to 1803 Americans drove out or drove out almost all the Indians on their lands in the future states of Ohio, Tennessee and Kentucky.
Boston Tea Party. Nathaniel Curry
Conflict with France
At the same time, American traders, taking advantage of the struggle of the great powers in Europe at the end of the XNUMXth - XNUMXth centuries, the struggle of England and France for dominance in Europe and the world, began regional and even global expansion. The Americans quickly seize the trade of France with its West Indian colonies and the trade of England and France with other countries. American ships from New York, then from Boston and other ports, appear in China and Kronstadt. Trade ties between the United States and Russia across the Pacific Ocean are established.
During this period, relations between the United States and France deteriorated sharply. Paris was dissatisfied with the rapprochement between the United States and England, not counting the expansion of American merchants. Therefore, French ships began to seize American merchant ships under the pretext of “military smuggling.” In fact, military operations at sea began between the United States and France. Congress ordered American warships and merchant ships to attack French shipping in the western Atlantic and Caribbean Sea. The United States actively built warships, created a naval department and a “provisional” army in addition to the regular one. In the war at sea in 1798–1801. More than 50 warships and about 1 armed merchant ships (“private” privateers) participated.
However, this conflict did not develop into a full-fledged war. France was tied to Britain, and all its strength and resources were spent fighting against it. Then Russia also entered the fight against revolutionary France; France had no time for the colonial empire. Therefore, the Americans could easily expand trade in Europe and the East and pinch the French.
Growth of US territory 1800–1810
Mining Louisiana and Florida
The war in Europe allowed the Americans to calmly prepare for the capture of Spanish Louisiana and both Floridas, East and West. In 1800, the Treaty of San Ildefonso gave Spain control of Louisiana to France. Napoleon prepared a fleet and army to land in Louisiana in 1802–1803 to suppress the rebellion in Saint-Domingue. But in 1803, the war with Britain resumed, and Paris had no time for its overseas colonies.
In 1803, the States forced France, which was in a difficult situation, at war with almost all of Europe, to sell the huge Louisiana for a pittance (for $15 million). Almost for nothing, the Americans got a huge land and its riches, on which the lands of 15 US states are now located. The Americans received the Mississippi River, a major transportation artery that had previously been a frontier river.
In 1810, Americans infiltrated western Florida, which belonged to Spain, and captured it. In 1812, the Americans tried to bite off the territory of England - they encroached on huge Canada. But the regular English army crushes the American gangs, and they flee. Canada remained within the sphere of influence of the British Empire.
In 1819, the Americans captured eastern Florida. On the peninsula, the Americans commit genocide against the Seminole Indian people. The genocide of Indians in the occupied territory continues systematically and at full speed, without diverting attention from the seizure of new lands.
Ceremony for the transfer of Louisiana from France to the United States. Louisiana State Museum, New Orleans
The struggle of the great European powers for America
During this period, the young American state was still wary of the European powers, which had their own interests in North and South America.
After the overthrow of Napoleon's power, a revolution broke out in Spain, and the Spanish colonies in South America also rebelled. The revolt was led by the local Latin American elite (the same Spaniards who had just taken root in America), since the metropolitan authorities prohibited the colonies from trading with other countries, which allowed Spanish traders to inflate prices for their goods. That is, the rebellion was based on an economic reason - control over trade and cash flows.
Britain, which wanted to occupy the Latin American market and sought freedom of trade in the Spanish colonies (the “world workshop” had an economic advantage over other powers), supported the national liberation movement in South America. The British also had their eyes on Russian possessions in America (Alaska, California). Russia had a weak military-economic position in North America, and Britain wanted to compensate for the losses of the North American colonies (USA).
The British provoked tribes of local natives into conflict with the Russians and the tribes subordinate to them, and armed the natives. Russian diplomat Nikolai Rezanov, who visited Alaska on an inspection trip in 1805, noted that the Indians “have English guns, but we have Okhotsk guns, which are never used anywhere because they are unusable.”
France sought to re-establish a colonial presence in the New World and openly discussed transforming the colonies into small puppet kingdoms, each ruled by a relative of the Bourbons.
There was a question about the border between the United States and Russia. The Russians already had large holdings in North America and were conducting exploration further south and deep into the Pacific coast. At the same time, St. Petersburg wanted to take advantage of the differences between the United States and England. Support the weaker side - the States - to limit Britain's appetites. Alexander Pavlovich wanted to fix the status quo on the American continent. Russia had no interests in Latin America. The independence of the former Spanish colonies did not threaten Russia.
The Americans and British had their own plans for this resource-rich region, and were wary of Russia. England and the United States reacted with hostility to the Russian decree of 1821, which recalled sovereignty over the Pacific Northwest and established shipping rules.
England approached President Monroe with a proposal to negotiate a multilateral agreement to keep France and other European competitors away from South America. US Secretary of State John Quincy Adams advised the president not to enter into too close cooperation with London. He argued that following this pattern would make the United States a junior partner in matters directly affecting its interests, “a boat to follow the British warship.”
It is worth noting that Adams was an expert on the Russian question. He served as US Ambassador to Russia from 1809 to 1814, and established good relations with Finance Minister Dmitry Guryev, Chancellor Rumyantsev, and even Tsar Alexander I.
American politician and statesman, diplomat, 6th President of the United States (1825–1829). The eldest son of the second US President John Adams, the main author of the Monroe Doctrine, John Quincy Adams. Artist D. S. Copley
Adams advised Monroe to tell Congress that the United States should make a unilateral declaration of primacy in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere, promising, on the one hand, to oppose all future attempts by Europeans to recolonize North or South America, and on the other, to maintain neutrality in European affairs.
Monroe did just that, setting out these principles first in a message sent to British Secretary of State George Canning and then to Congress.
“We have not interfered and will not interfere with the existing colonies or dependencies of any European power,”
– noted in the message. Thus was born the US foreign policy strategy, later called the Monroe Doctrine.
Interestingly, former US Presidents Jefferson and Madison strongly objected to the Monroe Doctrine. They were afraid to oppose Great Britain. USA after its recent defeat in the Anglo-American War of 1812–1815. were humiliated and drained of blood. In this war, the British even captured and burned the American capital, Washington. President James Madison, his entire administration and his wife had to flee. After 8 years, the US was still too weak and did not have a strong army and navy to enter into conflict with the great European powers.
Clyde De Land's painting "The Birth of the Monroe Doctrine"
The Monroe Doctrine
On December 2, 1823, US President James Monroe made a speech against the interference of European powers in the affairs of the countries of the Western Hemisphere. This became the first declaration of principles that later formed the basis of the so-called Monroe Doctrine.
Monroe essentially divided the world into two spheres of influence. He stated that the United States would consider any aggressive actions of European powers towards the states of the Western Hemisphere a threat to its security. At the same time, America, for its part, pledged not to interfere in the internal affairs of European states.
International reaction was mixed. England calmly accepted the change in US foreign policy, content to remain neutral on the high seas. Spain and France also accepted their loss of dominance in the Western Hemisphere.
There were other opinions. Austrian diplomat Prince Clemens von Metternich accused the United States of "pressure and insubordination." But the Austrian Empire did not care about America; its interests were concentrated in Europe, primarily in Germany, Italy and the Balkans.
Russia de facto supported the United States to weaken the British Empire. Already at the beginning of the next 1824, the Russian-American Convention “on friendly relations, trade, navigation and fishing” was signed in St. Petersburg. The Russian side even softened the provisions of the 1821 decree. Russia refused to advance south of latitude 54° 40' north in the direction of Oregon.
In 1841, the Ross fortress was sold to the American entrepreneur John Sutter for 42 thousand silver rubles. Russia has lost its foothold in California.
The response in Latin America was also not uniform. Many leaders of the various local independence uprisings appreciated US support. While others believed that the States did not have the opportunity and did not have the right to extend their power to the entire Western Hemisphere. Chilean politician Diego Portales presciently wrote that “for the Americans of the North, the only Americans are themselves.”
As the United States gained ground, late XNUMXth-century statesmen such as Theodore Roosevelt turned the "United States Guarantor of Freedom in the Western Hemisphere" doctrine on its head, using it to justify countless interventions in Latin America, Hawaii, and elsewhere. regions, ushering in the era of “America as world hegemon.”
In this way, The Americans brazenly declared that only they had rights to all the lands of the Western Hemisphere. Moreover, this cynical doctrine, which showed the right of might, was disguised by “humane and democratic” ideas of protecting America from “external interference.” The United States has freed its hands and shown the whole world that it is above laws and morals, that the United States is taking upon itself the role of ruler of the entire Western Hemisphere.
James Monroe (1758–1831) – American politician and statesman, fifth President of the United States (1817–1825); lawyer, diplomat, one of the founding fathers of the United States. Artist Samuel Morse
The appetites of the American beast are growing
Already in 1824, the Americans landed troops in Cuba. The appetites of the American beast are growing. This beast is greedy and merciless.
The great Russian genius Alexander Pushkin notes:
“For some time now, the North American States have been drawing attention to themselves in Europe... They saw with amazement democracy in its disgusting cynicism, in its cruel prejudices, in its intolerant tyranny.”
In 1845, the Americans capture Texas, part of Mexico, which had recently achieved independence from Spain. The capture of Texas was presented as a "voluntary annexation." In 1846, the United States provoked a war with Mexico and took away almost half of its territory - New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, California, etc.
Subsequently, America continued its expansion, sometimes by force, sometimes by cunning, “by agreement”, occupying new lands: Hawaii, Guam, Puerto Rico, the Philippines, Cuba, etc.
In 1867, the Americans deceive the Russians and buy Alaska. Russian America is destroyed.
Expansion continues in the future.
Following the First World War, the United States became one of the leading great powers and a global creditor. As a result of the Second World War, they became a superpower, displacing the hegemon of the Western project - Britain.
With the outbreak of the Cold War (which essentially became the third world war), Washington, under the slogans of the Monroe Doctrine, initiated a series of interventions in Latin American countries such as Guatemala, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Chile and Grenada ("Flash of Fury" How the US crushed socialism in Grenada). According to various sources, in the 80th century, American intelligence services were involved in more than XNUMX coups in Latin America alone.
Starting with Korea and Vietnam, the United States has been interfering most actively in the affairs of states and the Eastern Hemisphere. A network of US military bases is being created across the planet. After the collapse of the USSR in 1991, the United States became the only superpower, a position that continues to this day.
US Iraq campaign. 1991
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