Stalin in Livadia
JV Stalin born December 21 1879 of the year
Wonderful in the Crimea in the fall. The annoying tourists left on their way, the distant mountains were covered with snow, but here the golden autumn lingered in all its glory. Forests and vineyards strike with a riot of colors - from bright yellow to dark green, from purple to purple. The streams that dry up in summer fill up and merrily from the plateau to the sea on steep slopes, forming waterfalls. Steep mountain roads are slippery and dangerous.
Not without fear and effort, I overcame the road to the snow-white luxurious Livadia Palace. This palace, built for the last Russian Tsar Nicholas II, who often visited here, stands on a rather steep slope amid a vast park, going down to the Black Sea itself. From here there is an excellent view of the whole Yalta bay - and the serene sea reflects the mountains touched by the autumn purple, and several ships in the harbor.
Now the whole palace was for me alone! And I answered the call from Washington (albeit from a mobile phone) in a bedroom with oak panels, once reserved for Roosevelt!
In this palace in February 1945 was held historical Yalta Conference; a round table has survived to this day, at which Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin shared military booty and established the post-war order, which lasted almost half a century. My guide Lonely Planet writes about Livadia as the place where Stalin "intimidated Churchill."
What really happened between Stalin and Churchill? We know that soon after the war in Fulton’s speech, Churchill gave the go-ahead to the beginning of the “cold war”, but not everyone knows that the “cold war” was only a necessary measure from his point of view - but Churchill preferred a real war against the USSR, with the stated goal “ to impose on Russia the will of the United States and the British Empire. "
Some discoveries in the field of history must be constantly reminded, because they were not included in our generally accepted description of the world. One such find cannot be forgotten, because it is a well-hidden story of the colossal betrayal planned in 1945. After four difficult years of the war, the Allies barely had time to defeat Hitler, when British Prime Minister Winston Churchill prepared an unexpected attack on allied Russia with the participation of Nazi Wehrmacht troops. The treacherous attack was planned for July 1 1945 near Dresden. Churchill was going to use, in addition to 47 English and American divisions, 10 German, which he did not dissolve in order to send them again to the eastern front to fight against the “Russian savages”. Churchill was ready to attack the Soviet army without declaring war, as treacherously as Hitler in 1941. Sir Allen Brook, the highest rank in the British army, said Churchill "was eager to start a new war."
Stalin found out about this plan; this confirmed his worst suspicions about the intentions of the British, strengthened his grip in Eastern Europe and, perhaps, made him even less inclined to compromise.
After thinking a bit, US President Harry Truman refused to support Churchill: the war with Japan was far from over, the atomic bomb was not yet ready, and he needed the help of the Russians. (Perhaps Roosevelt would have refused more quickly, but he died shortly after the Yalta Conference.)
Operation "Unthinkable" was suspended, postponed, and the archived folder with the signature "Top Secret" lay on the shelf for many years in the state archive until it was made public in 1998.
In May 1945, the British did not disband military units consisting of about 700 000 German soldiers and officers. Those folded weapon, but it was not destroyed, but stockpiled on the personal order of Churchill, who intended to arm the Germans again and send them against the Russians. The commandant of the English occupation zone of Montgomery explained in his “Notes on the occupation of Germany” that the German military units were not disbanded because “we had no place to put them if we had disbanded them; and we could not guard them. " Worse, the British would not be able to use their slave labor and starve them if the Germans were declared prisoners of war (“We would have to supply them with rations of fairly high standards”).
This explanation is bad in itself, but in a preserved handwritten note, he cites an even worse reason: “Churchill ordered me (Montgomery. - Avt.) Not to destroy the weapons of two million Germans who had surrendered in the Lüneburg Heathland 4my. Everything was ordered to be kept in case of a possible war against the Russians with German help. ”
The whole story was entirely published by David Reynolds in his work on the Second World War (he noticed that Churchill missed this episode in his memoirs). The original documents were published in the English National Archives and can be found on the network (http://howitreallywas.typepad.com/). But still, these events did not become public knowledge and are known far less than the accusations against the Soviets, which are an integral part of historical knowledge. Everyone knows that Stalin made a deal with Hitler on the eve of the war and took control of Eastern Europe after the war. But usually nothing is said about circumstances. Even those who have heard of Operation Unthinkable usually suspect that this is nothing more than Stalinist propaganda or the invention of the scriptwriters of Seventeen Moments of Spring. Churchill's heirs succeeded in glossing over this story and inflating Suvorov’s fictional Icebreaker.
But The Unthinkable explains why Stalin considered Churchill in 30-egg. more sworn enemy of the USSR than Hitler, and why he agreed to the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. Stalin understood Churchill better than many contemporaries, and knew about his pathological anti-communism.
After the end of World War I in November, Churchill proposed a new policy: “Kill the Reds, kiss the Fritz”. (These words are quoted by Churchill’s apologist Sir Martin Gilbert.) In April, Churchill spoke on 1918 about the “subhuman goals” of Moscow communists, especially Trotsky and his “Asian hordes”. The coming to power of the fascists did not affect his views. In 1919, when the Nuremberg racial laws had already been passed, Churchill declared in Parliament: “I don’t intend to pretend that if I have to choose between communism and Nazism, I would choose communism.” The communists were "baboons", and Adolf Hitler "will go down in history as a man who restored honor and peace in the soul of the great German nation."
In 1943, Churchill praised Benito Mussolini for saving Italy from the communists and said that his "grand roads will remain a monument to his personal power and long years of rule." The last statement was kindly kept for eternity in the fifth volume of its multivolume history of the Second World War.
Churchill considered communism a "Jewish conspiracy"; his love of Zionism was partly based on the belief that the Zionists would be able to distract the Jews from communism. In 1920, long before Henry Ford, he already spoke of “international Jew”: “This movement of the Jews is not new. From the time of Spartacus-Weishaupt (the founder of the Illuminati. - Auth.) To Karl Marx, then to Trotsky in Russia, Bela Kun in Hungary, Rosa Luxemburg in Germany and Emma Goldman in the USA ... this worldwide conspiracy to overthrow civilization and remake societies based on retarded development, malicious envy and impossible equality are constantly expanding. They became almost unconditional owners of a huge empire (Russia. - Auth.). ” Hitler was nothing more than Churchill's plagiarist.
If Churchill managed to implement his plan, who knows how it would all end and how many people would die. The Soviet Army had four times as many soldiers and twice as many tanksthan in English and American combined. She was tested in battle, well equipped and rested for two months. Perhaps the Russians could have repeated 1815 and liberated France with the support of a strong communist movement. Or, perhaps, the Soviets would be pushed back to the border, and Poland would join NATO in 1945, and not in 1995. The US President rejected Churchill's plan; Truman was a mass murderer in Hiroshima, but not a suicide.
In 1945, Churchill was worried that the Russians would continue their march west to France and on to the English Channel. So he explained the operation "Unthinkable." However, Stalin was scrupulous in his relations with the West: he not only did not send tanks to the West, he never crossed the line held in the Livadia Palace at the Yalta conference in February of 1945.
He did not support the Greek Communists, who were very close to victory and would have won if it had not been for the intervention of England. The Greeks turned to Stalin for help, but he replied that he had promised Churchill: "The Russians will get 90% influence in Romania, the British 90% in Greece and 50 / 50 in Yugoslavia." Stalin did not support the French and Italian Communists and withdrew troops from Iran. He was the most reliable ally, even for those who were not at all reliable. He was not a supporter of parliamentary democracy, but neither were the leaders of England and the USA. They agreed with democracy only if they were satisfied with the results. They did not allow the Communists to win by force of arms. He did not let the anti-communists defeat the same methods.
So Churchill's betrayal was not required for his stated purpose. Perhaps the British and American soldiers would not understand why they should fight against the Russians, for whose victory they prayed only a few weeks ago, the very Russians who saved them from the German counteroffensive in the Ardennes, from a repetition of the Dunkirk disaster. Fortunately, this did not have to be checked: the British in the elections voted against the old instigator of the war.
However, the plan to use the military power of Nazi Germany against the USSR did not disappear. In a provocatively titled article: “How the Nazis defeated,” Noam Chomsky wrote: “... The US State Department and British intelligence took over and used some of the worst Nazi criminals, first in Europe. For example, Klaus Barbier - "Lyon butcher" was taken under the wing of US intelligence and again put into operation. " “General Reinhard Gehlen was the head of Hitler’s military counterintelligence on the eastern front. It was there that real war crimes were committed. It is about Auschwitz and other extermination camps. Gehlen, with his network of pins and terrorists, was quickly received by the American special services and received practically the same roles. ” This was a violation of the agreements in Yalta. Only one of many committed by the West.
"Rescue and then the use of Hitler war criminals was bad in itself, but repeating their actions was even worse." The goal of the United States and England, Chomsky writes, was "the destruction of the anti-fascist resistance and the restoration of the old, essentially fascist, order."
“In Korea, the restoration of the old order meant killing around 100000 people only at the end of 40's, before the outbreak of the war in Korea. In Greece, this meant the destruction of the anti-fascist resistance and the return of power to the former servants of the Nazis. When the troops of England and then the USA entered southern Italy, they simply returned to power those who were under the fascists - the capitalists. But problems began in the north of Italy, which the Italian Resistance had already freed. Everything was in order - the industry worked. We had to dismantle all of this and restore the old order. ”
“Then we, the USA, began to destroy the democratic process. The left obviously should have won the election; they gained influence during the resistance, and the traditional order was discredited. The US was not going to put up with it. At the very first meeting in 1947, the US National Security Council decided to cut off food supplies and use other types of pressure to undermine the elections. ”
“But what if the Communists still win?” In its first report to the NSC 1, the Council proposed plans against such an emergency: the US had to declare a state of emergency, put the Sixth Fleet in the Mediterranean on alert, and support armed forces to overthrow the Italian government. That was the usual course of action. Look at France, Germany or Japan — it was almost the same there. ”
According to Chomsky, the United States and Britain were primarily opponents of communism. The fascists among their enemies were assigned the second role. Although racism has gone out of fashion these days, there is no reason to believe that Hitler Germany was more racist than England or the USA. In the USA, interracial marriages were considered criminal only relatively recently; black lynching was commonplace. England conducted ethnic cleansing around the world, from Ireland to India. The USSR was the only non-racist state that was ruled, in addition to Russians, by Georgians, Jews, Armenians, Poles ... Mixed marriages were encouraged, and the current ideology was a kind of multiculturalism. But it was communism that was the main enemy of the liberal West.
Although Churchill did not send the Wehrmacht to fight against the Russians in 1945, the transition to the Cold War was by no means bloodless. In Ukraine, the United States for years supported and armed the pro-Hitler nationalists. And even the destruction of Hiroshima was essentially the first shot of the Cold War, writes New Scientist magazine (www.newscientist.com). "The decision of the United States to throw an atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 meant the beginning of the Cold War, and not the end of World War II, according to two atomic weapon historians who write that there was new evidence to support this theory causing such disputes . The killing of more than 200 000 people 60 years ago was committed to intimidate the USSR, and not to defeat Japan, they say. And US President Harry Truman, who made this decision, is guilty, ”they add. *
* For further evidence that Hiroshima was destroyed to impress Russians, see www.globalresearch.ca [/ right]
The danger of an attack on Russia did not go away in 1945. Already in 1946, plans were made for an Anglo-American nuclear attack on Soviet Russia, and with Churchill's return to Downing Street, 10 made these plans operational. The gigantic construction of the new heavy Vickers Valiant jet bomber began. They were covered with thick white paint to transfer the thermal radiation of a thermonuclear explosion. In total, in the impoverished, hungry England of the early fifties (there were cards when they were already canceled in the USSR), these aircraft were built 107, aimed at Moscow and other industrial centers of Russia. Lawrence James writes about this in detail in the now classic work of The British Empire (The Rise and Fall of the British Empire).
Soviet Russia stood for years on the edge of the abyss, because Churchill, worshiped by the current Russian liberals, was ready to kill millions and "burn out the red plague". With Churchill gone, the hatred of communism did not go away. In 1991, the hatred of communism, which drove the henchmen of the West - Yeltsin, Chubais, Gaidar, led to the mass impoverishment of the Russians and put the country on the verge of death. NATO’s 1999 war against Yugoslavia was one of the last wars against the remnants of communism; and in Syria we see almost the last, because the regime of Syria is partly socialist.
However, I must tell you that among modern Russian historians this theory — that Western policy is completely based on anti-communism — is being questioned or even denied, and not without reason: just sixty miles from Livadia is the hero-city of Sevastopol, where British and French troops tried to defeat completely non-Soviet, but royal soldiers in 1850's, and NATO military ships entered 2008 in Yalta Bay during a clash between pro-western Georgia and completely non-communist Putin Russia. How can this be explained: whether it is a geopolitical clash on Mackinder; Is the heretics attacking the Orthodox from a theological point of view, or according to Chomsky, the center against the periphery? We can not answer this question in this article.
In recalcitrant Russia, there are always opponents, be it the struggle of the communists against the capitalists, the Orthodox with the Catholics, the continent against the sea, because they do not want to submit to the center. Then Stalin was in power - a tough man, but he also solved a difficult task, and dealt with cool people. The snow-white palace of Livadia is a good place to think about these fateful historical events.
[right] Authorized translation from English by Kati Rakhmetova
Wonderful in the Crimea in the fall. The annoying tourists left on their way, the distant mountains were covered with snow, but here the golden autumn lingered in all its glory. Forests and vineyards strike with a riot of colors - from bright yellow to dark green, from purple to purple. The streams that dry up in summer fill up and merrily from the plateau to the sea on steep slopes, forming waterfalls. Steep mountain roads are slippery and dangerous.
Not without fear and effort, I overcame the road to the snow-white luxurious Livadia Palace. This palace, built for the last Russian Tsar Nicholas II, who often visited here, stands on a rather steep slope amid a vast park, going down to the Black Sea itself. From here there is an excellent view of the whole Yalta bay - and the serene sea reflects the mountains touched by the autumn purple, and several ships in the harbor.
Now the whole palace was for me alone! And I answered the call from Washington (albeit from a mobile phone) in a bedroom with oak panels, once reserved for Roosevelt!
In this palace in February 1945 was held historical Yalta Conference; a round table has survived to this day, at which Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin shared military booty and established the post-war order, which lasted almost half a century. My guide Lonely Planet writes about Livadia as the place where Stalin "intimidated Churchill."
What really happened between Stalin and Churchill? We know that soon after the war in Fulton’s speech, Churchill gave the go-ahead to the beginning of the “cold war”, but not everyone knows that the “cold war” was only a necessary measure from his point of view - but Churchill preferred a real war against the USSR, with the stated goal “ to impose on Russia the will of the United States and the British Empire. "
Some discoveries in the field of history must be constantly reminded, because they were not included in our generally accepted description of the world. One such find cannot be forgotten, because it is a well-hidden story of the colossal betrayal planned in 1945. After four difficult years of the war, the Allies barely had time to defeat Hitler, when British Prime Minister Winston Churchill prepared an unexpected attack on allied Russia with the participation of Nazi Wehrmacht troops. The treacherous attack was planned for July 1 1945 near Dresden. Churchill was going to use, in addition to 47 English and American divisions, 10 German, which he did not dissolve in order to send them again to the eastern front to fight against the “Russian savages”. Churchill was ready to attack the Soviet army without declaring war, as treacherously as Hitler in 1941. Sir Allen Brook, the highest rank in the British army, said Churchill "was eager to start a new war."
Stalin found out about this plan; this confirmed his worst suspicions about the intentions of the British, strengthened his grip in Eastern Europe and, perhaps, made him even less inclined to compromise.
After thinking a bit, US President Harry Truman refused to support Churchill: the war with Japan was far from over, the atomic bomb was not yet ready, and he needed the help of the Russians. (Perhaps Roosevelt would have refused more quickly, but he died shortly after the Yalta Conference.)
Operation "Unthinkable" was suspended, postponed, and the archived folder with the signature "Top Secret" lay on the shelf for many years in the state archive until it was made public in 1998.
In May 1945, the British did not disband military units consisting of about 700 000 German soldiers and officers. Those folded weapon, but it was not destroyed, but stockpiled on the personal order of Churchill, who intended to arm the Germans again and send them against the Russians. The commandant of the English occupation zone of Montgomery explained in his “Notes on the occupation of Germany” that the German military units were not disbanded because “we had no place to put them if we had disbanded them; and we could not guard them. " Worse, the British would not be able to use their slave labor and starve them if the Germans were declared prisoners of war (“We would have to supply them with rations of fairly high standards”).
This explanation is bad in itself, but in a preserved handwritten note, he cites an even worse reason: “Churchill ordered me (Montgomery. - Avt.) Not to destroy the weapons of two million Germans who had surrendered in the Lüneburg Heathland 4my. Everything was ordered to be kept in case of a possible war against the Russians with German help. ”
The whole story was entirely published by David Reynolds in his work on the Second World War (he noticed that Churchill missed this episode in his memoirs). The original documents were published in the English National Archives and can be found on the network (http://howitreallywas.typepad.com/). But still, these events did not become public knowledge and are known far less than the accusations against the Soviets, which are an integral part of historical knowledge. Everyone knows that Stalin made a deal with Hitler on the eve of the war and took control of Eastern Europe after the war. But usually nothing is said about circumstances. Even those who have heard of Operation Unthinkable usually suspect that this is nothing more than Stalinist propaganda or the invention of the scriptwriters of Seventeen Moments of Spring. Churchill's heirs succeeded in glossing over this story and inflating Suvorov’s fictional Icebreaker.
But The Unthinkable explains why Stalin considered Churchill in 30-egg. more sworn enemy of the USSR than Hitler, and why he agreed to the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. Stalin understood Churchill better than many contemporaries, and knew about his pathological anti-communism.
After the end of World War I in November, Churchill proposed a new policy: “Kill the Reds, kiss the Fritz”. (These words are quoted by Churchill’s apologist Sir Martin Gilbert.) In April, Churchill spoke on 1918 about the “subhuman goals” of Moscow communists, especially Trotsky and his “Asian hordes”. The coming to power of the fascists did not affect his views. In 1919, when the Nuremberg racial laws had already been passed, Churchill declared in Parliament: “I don’t intend to pretend that if I have to choose between communism and Nazism, I would choose communism.” The communists were "baboons", and Adolf Hitler "will go down in history as a man who restored honor and peace in the soul of the great German nation."
In 1943, Churchill praised Benito Mussolini for saving Italy from the communists and said that his "grand roads will remain a monument to his personal power and long years of rule." The last statement was kindly kept for eternity in the fifth volume of its multivolume history of the Second World War.
Churchill considered communism a "Jewish conspiracy"; his love of Zionism was partly based on the belief that the Zionists would be able to distract the Jews from communism. In 1920, long before Henry Ford, he already spoke of “international Jew”: “This movement of the Jews is not new. From the time of Spartacus-Weishaupt (the founder of the Illuminati. - Auth.) To Karl Marx, then to Trotsky in Russia, Bela Kun in Hungary, Rosa Luxemburg in Germany and Emma Goldman in the USA ... this worldwide conspiracy to overthrow civilization and remake societies based on retarded development, malicious envy and impossible equality are constantly expanding. They became almost unconditional owners of a huge empire (Russia. - Auth.). ” Hitler was nothing more than Churchill's plagiarist.
If Churchill managed to implement his plan, who knows how it would all end and how many people would die. The Soviet Army had four times as many soldiers and twice as many tanksthan in English and American combined. She was tested in battle, well equipped and rested for two months. Perhaps the Russians could have repeated 1815 and liberated France with the support of a strong communist movement. Or, perhaps, the Soviets would be pushed back to the border, and Poland would join NATO in 1945, and not in 1995. The US President rejected Churchill's plan; Truman was a mass murderer in Hiroshima, but not a suicide.
In 1945, Churchill was worried that the Russians would continue their march west to France and on to the English Channel. So he explained the operation "Unthinkable." However, Stalin was scrupulous in his relations with the West: he not only did not send tanks to the West, he never crossed the line held in the Livadia Palace at the Yalta conference in February of 1945.
He did not support the Greek Communists, who were very close to victory and would have won if it had not been for the intervention of England. The Greeks turned to Stalin for help, but he replied that he had promised Churchill: "The Russians will get 90% influence in Romania, the British 90% in Greece and 50 / 50 in Yugoslavia." Stalin did not support the French and Italian Communists and withdrew troops from Iran. He was the most reliable ally, even for those who were not at all reliable. He was not a supporter of parliamentary democracy, but neither were the leaders of England and the USA. They agreed with democracy only if they were satisfied with the results. They did not allow the Communists to win by force of arms. He did not let the anti-communists defeat the same methods.
So Churchill's betrayal was not required for his stated purpose. Perhaps the British and American soldiers would not understand why they should fight against the Russians, for whose victory they prayed only a few weeks ago, the very Russians who saved them from the German counteroffensive in the Ardennes, from a repetition of the Dunkirk disaster. Fortunately, this did not have to be checked: the British in the elections voted against the old instigator of the war.
However, the plan to use the military power of Nazi Germany against the USSR did not disappear. In a provocatively titled article: “How the Nazis defeated,” Noam Chomsky wrote: “... The US State Department and British intelligence took over and used some of the worst Nazi criminals, first in Europe. For example, Klaus Barbier - "Lyon butcher" was taken under the wing of US intelligence and again put into operation. " “General Reinhard Gehlen was the head of Hitler’s military counterintelligence on the eastern front. It was there that real war crimes were committed. It is about Auschwitz and other extermination camps. Gehlen, with his network of pins and terrorists, was quickly received by the American special services and received practically the same roles. ” This was a violation of the agreements in Yalta. Only one of many committed by the West.
"Rescue and then the use of Hitler war criminals was bad in itself, but repeating their actions was even worse." The goal of the United States and England, Chomsky writes, was "the destruction of the anti-fascist resistance and the restoration of the old, essentially fascist, order."
“In Korea, the restoration of the old order meant killing around 100000 people only at the end of 40's, before the outbreak of the war in Korea. In Greece, this meant the destruction of the anti-fascist resistance and the return of power to the former servants of the Nazis. When the troops of England and then the USA entered southern Italy, they simply returned to power those who were under the fascists - the capitalists. But problems began in the north of Italy, which the Italian Resistance had already freed. Everything was in order - the industry worked. We had to dismantle all of this and restore the old order. ”
“Then we, the USA, began to destroy the democratic process. The left obviously should have won the election; they gained influence during the resistance, and the traditional order was discredited. The US was not going to put up with it. At the very first meeting in 1947, the US National Security Council decided to cut off food supplies and use other types of pressure to undermine the elections. ”
“But what if the Communists still win?” In its first report to the NSC 1, the Council proposed plans against such an emergency: the US had to declare a state of emergency, put the Sixth Fleet in the Mediterranean on alert, and support armed forces to overthrow the Italian government. That was the usual course of action. Look at France, Germany or Japan — it was almost the same there. ”
According to Chomsky, the United States and Britain were primarily opponents of communism. The fascists among their enemies were assigned the second role. Although racism has gone out of fashion these days, there is no reason to believe that Hitler Germany was more racist than England or the USA. In the USA, interracial marriages were considered criminal only relatively recently; black lynching was commonplace. England conducted ethnic cleansing around the world, from Ireland to India. The USSR was the only non-racist state that was ruled, in addition to Russians, by Georgians, Jews, Armenians, Poles ... Mixed marriages were encouraged, and the current ideology was a kind of multiculturalism. But it was communism that was the main enemy of the liberal West.
Although Churchill did not send the Wehrmacht to fight against the Russians in 1945, the transition to the Cold War was by no means bloodless. In Ukraine, the United States for years supported and armed the pro-Hitler nationalists. And even the destruction of Hiroshima was essentially the first shot of the Cold War, writes New Scientist magazine (www.newscientist.com). "The decision of the United States to throw an atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 meant the beginning of the Cold War, and not the end of World War II, according to two atomic weapon historians who write that there was new evidence to support this theory causing such disputes . The killing of more than 200 000 people 60 years ago was committed to intimidate the USSR, and not to defeat Japan, they say. And US President Harry Truman, who made this decision, is guilty, ”they add. *
* For further evidence that Hiroshima was destroyed to impress Russians, see www.globalresearch.ca [/ right]
The danger of an attack on Russia did not go away in 1945. Already in 1946, plans were made for an Anglo-American nuclear attack on Soviet Russia, and with Churchill's return to Downing Street, 10 made these plans operational. The gigantic construction of the new heavy Vickers Valiant jet bomber began. They were covered with thick white paint to transfer the thermal radiation of a thermonuclear explosion. In total, in the impoverished, hungry England of the early fifties (there were cards when they were already canceled in the USSR), these aircraft were built 107, aimed at Moscow and other industrial centers of Russia. Lawrence James writes about this in detail in the now classic work of The British Empire (The Rise and Fall of the British Empire).
Soviet Russia stood for years on the edge of the abyss, because Churchill, worshiped by the current Russian liberals, was ready to kill millions and "burn out the red plague". With Churchill gone, the hatred of communism did not go away. In 1991, the hatred of communism, which drove the henchmen of the West - Yeltsin, Chubais, Gaidar, led to the mass impoverishment of the Russians and put the country on the verge of death. NATO’s 1999 war against Yugoslavia was one of the last wars against the remnants of communism; and in Syria we see almost the last, because the regime of Syria is partly socialist.
However, I must tell you that among modern Russian historians this theory — that Western policy is completely based on anti-communism — is being questioned or even denied, and not without reason: just sixty miles from Livadia is the hero-city of Sevastopol, where British and French troops tried to defeat completely non-Soviet, but royal soldiers in 1850's, and NATO military ships entered 2008 in Yalta Bay during a clash between pro-western Georgia and completely non-communist Putin Russia. How can this be explained: whether it is a geopolitical clash on Mackinder; Is the heretics attacking the Orthodox from a theological point of view, or according to Chomsky, the center against the periphery? We can not answer this question in this article.
In recalcitrant Russia, there are always opponents, be it the struggle of the communists against the capitalists, the Orthodox with the Catholics, the continent against the sea, because they do not want to submit to the center. Then Stalin was in power - a tough man, but he also solved a difficult task, and dealt with cool people. The snow-white palace of Livadia is a good place to think about these fateful historical events.
[right] Authorized translation from English by Kati Rakhmetova
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