Kalashnikov weapons: simplicity and reliability

The reliability of the Kalashnikov assault rifle does not raise questions either among experts or among amateurs armory subjects and assault firearms as such. There is no longer any point in demonstrating that the famous and legendary "Kalash" can shoot after being "wet", immersed in mud, dust and sand. He can shoot after falling from a height or in 50-degree frost.

At the same time, experts often ask the question of what other indisputable advantages the Kalashnikov assault rifle has, including its modern AK-12 model, which has recently begun to enter service with units and formations of the Russian army.

One of these advantages has always been that the Kalashnikov assault rifle is perfect for both an experienced soldier of a special unit and for a “green conscript” - a soldier who, for the first time in his life, takes up arms and fires shots at a given target.

The Military Acceptance program on the Zvezda TV channel provides an overview of Kalashnikov assault rifles. In particular, a unique comparison is made between different versions of the AK-12 assault rifle when shooting at targets in a special shooting range.

In the same issue, a comparison is made between 5,45 and 7,62 mm cartridges with the use of a special test weapon with interchangeable barrels.

Comments

[credo]

Prostate and reliability are the main conditions for the mass use of such products. It is a fact.

[Alien From]

I absolutely agree with you! Cover photo with a 5-plus case flying out!

[Ingenegr]

Quote: credo

Prostate

Prostate or prostate?
There is "simplicity" in the dictionary)

[Hiller]

Freudian slip

[Andrei from Chelyabinsk]

The reliability of the Kalashnikov assault rifle does not raise questions either among experts or among fans of weapons and assault firearms as such.

Wrong. There are no questions about the quality and reliability of AK made in the USSR. But the crafts that are made in the Russian Federation, including the AK-12, raise a LOT of questions. Judging by the photos that were posted on the VO, the term "reliability" in relation to the AK-12 can only be used in quotes ...

[Recon]

There are no questions about the quality and reliability of AK made in the USSR. But the crafts that are made in the Russian Federation, including the AK-12, raise a LOT of questions.

Quite right, the quality is disgusting, for this in the USSR they put up against the wall. The cover, fore-end and butt very soon begin to play, the survivability of the barrel is not even small - it is simply nonexistent. 3-4 thousand - and the "irons" flew. This not normal.

[Devyatomayets]

There is no longer any point in demonstrating that the famous and legendary "Kalash" can shoot after being "wet", immersed in mud, dust and sand.

[Velya]

Romanian, not Soviet / Russian, which is honestly stated in the video. And copies have always sinned in some way in terms of quality. the original has not been surpassed by anyone.

[Devyatomayets]

Quote: Velya

Romanian

Are Romanian Kalash made according to different drawings, with a different receiver filling?

[Constanty]

My brother has a Romanian Cugir rifle - we disassembled and compared it with the Soviet AKM. The only difference was that the "Romanian" was deprived of the opportunity to conduct continuous fire and lacked several elements - the rest were identical, including the springs.

[vl903]

Chinese products are also very similar to the original, but ...

[Velya]

In addition to drawings, there is such a thing as the grades of the steels used, the quality of the machining of the surfaces and the heat treatment of the steel. This is how it affects the quality.

[Devyatomayets]

Quote: Velya

In addition to drawings, there is such a thing as the grades of the steels used, the quality of the machining of the surfaces and the heat treatment of the steel.

And how exactly does "the grades of the steels used, the quality of the machining of the surfaces and the heat treatment of the steel" affect the seizure from dirt (ie the design-related clearances between the parts in the valve box?

[Velya]

Expansion coefficient when heated, ductility of steel. Resistant to shock loads. Resistant to abrasion by abrasives (sand is a powerful abrasive). Not???
Are you a humanist, judging by the questions?

[Devyatomayets]

Quote: Velya

Expansion coefficient when heated, ductility of steel. Resistant to shock loads. Resistant to abrasion by abrasives (sand is a powerful abrasive). Not???
Are you a humanist, judging by the questions?

Can you imagine how long it takes to be under the abrasive effect of sand for the internal parts of the machine to grind off and lose geometry to such an extent that it affects its operation?
You, judging by such inept attempts to "cut" (as according to Shukshin), are you a pseudo-technician with no practical experience, who graduated from a technical school under Brezhnev?

[Velya]

I can imagine it very well. The surface of the part is poorly processed, the spring is not sufficiently hardened - and voila, with a slight increase in the friction force (the same sand), the mechanism works in a completely different way.
And you once again forgot about heating, changing plasticity.
I process as many different alloys in a year that many have never even held in their hands in their entire life. It took a lot of work with weapons. Now I work with knives and with mechanical processing of various steels I come across all the time.

And again, who told you that the Romanians, Chinese and other Yugoslavs respected the dimensions of the parts down to hundredths of a millimeter? Watch the same lectures from Kalashnikov about copies - you will learn a lot about the quality of copies.
And they didn't guess about the "pseudo" (they don't judge people by themselves, dear). I graduated from the institute in the 2000s (and yes - technical education) and continue to maintain and improve my level of knowledge, as well as broaden my horizons.
But you are already starting to fence a blizzard and trying to get personal, which once again proves that you have complete seams with knowledge in this area. One of the comrades here correctly answered that the Chinese counterfeit could be a complete copy, but the quality ... the same about steel grades and heat treatment modes. Well, you, apparently, will not understand this.

For this I take my leave, because it is useless to prove to you in view of your complete ignorance of even elementary things.

ZY Pay attention, I haven't molded a single minus to you (I just don't care about these +/-). This other forum users are trying to explain to you that you are wrong.

[Devyatomayets]

Quote: Velya

I process as many different alloys in a year that many have never even held in their hands in their entire life. It took a lot of work with weapons. Now I work with knives and with mechanical processing of various steels I come across all the time.

You, in the next topic, have already forged into an electrician. You have a blowing specialization, fluctuating with the line of the subject of the article. If there is an article on embroidery with beads, I will also wait for your expert opinion under it.

[Velya]

The way it is. I have been working as an electrician since 2017, but a person cannot have a hobby that he does in his spare time? Or do you think that a person can only do one thing and in a strictly narrow focus? Living in work-sofa mode? And not have a hobby? then I'm sorry for you.

ZY and I also love hockey. Now you can claim that I am now reforged into an athlete

[Constanty]

in terms of quality. the original has not surpassed anyone

Finns and Jews?

[vl903]

galil and valmet? they do not seem to scold, but there is no particular enthusiasm either.

[Velya]

And what have they surpassed?
It is written about the Finns that the RK.76 has become less durable. RK.95 (which is unknown in terms of strength and reliability) is not produced due to the high cost and the little that is in the rapid reaction units, and for the bulk of the troops purchased ... Chinese TYPE56 ...
The Jews had a bottle opener in the butt so that the shops would not open beer. Is this what?
Maybe they are on the level. But have you surpassed ??

[Constanty]

In Western literature, there are quite widespread opinions about the Finnish Rk 62 as the best "Kalashnikov assault rifles" in terms of production quality. This was especially true of the version with a milled camera. RK 62/76 about which the Lord writes - with a pressed chamber later

And these are objective opinions - neither Finnish nor Russian.

[Zaurbek]

The Jews bought a license from the Finns ....... And so the Finns and the GDR and the USSR made the best options. Finns and Jews are back to cutting the sludge box. And their steel was always good.

[bunta]

This test has already been analyzed several times. Maol is Romanian, it is not yet cleaned, everything inside it is black from soot. Set up, in a word.

[Old electrician]

My first Kalash was 1954. I just have no words how beautiful it was. You cannot compare with modern ones. One milled receiver is worth it. I understand Arab sheikhs who have such a "beauty" hanging in a place of honor in the middle of a gilded tent. The most valuable thing about him is that he was "good" like a hunting rifle. The stock sat in the shoulder like a glove when shooting while standing, lying down, at air targets, etc. The accuracy of the shooting was fine with me. If you don't know how to shoot, don't take it. Reliability is just a masterpiece.
The second I had was the 1964 AKM. Unlike AK, it is visible that it is going into mass production, but the former aristocracy in it is no longer there. Plywood butt (this is not a curse), sharpened for prone shooting. It has become lighter, reliability and accuracy are still at their best. Language will not turn even to hint at the bad. For fun, I dipped it in a can of machine oil. After that, in spite of repeated rubdowns, oil flowed out of him even in the cold, but, nevertheless, he still fired! This is "Kalash" !!!
My last Kalash is RPK-74. An ideal thing for home, for a family, comfortable in all respects, but the very first is the best.

[Gippo]

That is to you now minimum Xnumx years?
My regards. And as with the RPK-74. Are you managing?

[Old electrician]

Alas! The last time I held it in my hands was twenty years ago.

[Edvid]

We look at the photo in the article ... You can clearly see a large number of all kinds of depressions, gaps, cracks ... This is an opportunity for the accumulation and penetration of any dirt, which only worsens the usability and reduces the reliability of the weapon in combat conditions ... Compare the first versions of the Kalash , in which all surfaces were licked ...

[John22]

The reliability of the AK is not in the absence of depressions on the outside, but in the location of the moving parts inside the receiver. This scheme was invented in 1942 by Bezruchko-Vysotsky for his PP, and modified by Sudaev in his PPP-42,43. In the AS-44, Sudaev applied this solution and it became a classic for the machines of the USSR and the whole world. Kalashnikov used Sudaev's solutions in his designs. The meaning of the design solution is the connection of the receiver and the trigger box into one whole and the placement of moving parts in its upper part with minimal friction surfaces. This decision was repeated by the designers of many countries (Germany, Belgium, Italy, Israel). Stoner in the M-16 used a traditional tubular receiver and hence its low reliability. For 75 years, the Kalashnikov Concern has not come up with anything new - a change in shape, a transfer of sighting devices and a "supposedly" floating barrel are all cosmetics. Such are the things.

[decimalegio]

If the translator has translated well, I think as you do. Legendary weapons have their own charm. And the AK47 is one of those. But those who are passionate about the weapon will hate it after a while. Everyone copied AK47 or M16. Where have pistols with roller locks, swing doors or mechanical delays gone? The Glock is the same, all new pistols are the same in form and function. In a word, ak is an excellent weapon, but if only he were in the world, weapon lovers would commit suicide from the point of view of mechanics.

[Old electrician]

The meaning of the design solution is the connection into one whole of the receiver and trigger box and the placement of moving parts in its upper part with minimal friction surfaces

- name at least one Soviet machine gun or machine gun before 1944 and after with separate receiver and trigger boxes. Separate receiver and trigger boxes are typical for the German MKb.42 (W), MKb.42 (H) subsequent models. And where is the USSR in general and Kalashnikov in particular.
I understand that you want to spit smarter at Kalashnikov and you are not alone in this desire. So, for example, on ukrosayte some Ukrainian as 2x2 about asvalt proved that the Kalashnikov assault rifle was invented by the Ukrainian engineer Lyuty, and then it was brazenly stolen from him. Quoting Khokhlo-proofs is quite difficult because every second word in them is mats against dull cotton wool.
I'll show you your source of inspiration. Quoting from Wikipedia:

In the competition of the NKO of the USSR, he [AC-44] became the best assault rifle chambered for an intermediate cartridge. Its features, such as the removal of the bolt group upward with large gaps, as well as the provision of contact interaction of moving parts through small areas, were introduced into the design of the Kalashnikov assault rifle [1] [2].

The literature referenced by this quote:
1. Great and terrible. The Kalashnikov assault rifle is recognized as the most significant invention of the 25th century. Military-industrial complex news (April 2008, 13). Retrieved 2010 August XNUMX.
2. Maxim Popenker. Kalashnikov assault rifle / AK / AKS / AKM / AKMS (USSR). world.guns.ru. Retrieved January 17, 2017. Archived February 10, 2012.
And now attention, neither in [1] nor in [2] there is even a hint that

Its features, such as the extension of the bolt group upward with large gaps, as well as the provision of contact interaction of moving parts through small areas, were introduced into the design of the Kalashnikov assault rifle.

As you can see, to expose the inventor Kalashnikov, you need to lie brazenly and self-confidently.

[John22]

1. Before the sample of PP Bezruchko-Vysotsky, all PPs not only in the USSR, but all over the world had separate receiver and trigger boxes. 2. Wikipedia and the literature you indicated for my commentary, I have not used and am not familiar with it. 3. In the design MKb.42 (W), MKb.42 (H), a step has been taken towards combining the receiver and trigger boxes, but they still have large areas of rubbing surfaces. 4. I did not mention large gaps at all. These are already technological subtleties. 5. If you disagree with the comments, then prove the opposite. This does not give you the right to accuse someone of lying. 6. Study the materiel.

[Old electrician]

Could you name the source of this nonsense:

Before the PP sample Bezruchko-Vysotsky, all PPs not only in the USSR, but throughout the world had separate receiver and trigger boxes.

The structural scheme (not the design) of the Bezruchko-Vysotsky PP in 1942 repeats the design scheme of the PCA, which appeared in 1941, one to one. Bezruchko-Vysotsky did not create his own constructive scheme, and did not offer anything new in this regard. Therefore, for example, the Great Military Encyclopedia evaluates his successes much more modestly:

In 1942, Bezruchko-Vysotsky developed two models of submachine guns.
The work of this little-known designer, although limited to the design of experimental systems, testifies to his extraordinary abilities as an inventor and is of certain interest. Some successful design solutions implemented by I.K. Bezruchko-Vysotsky were later borrowed by Sudaev when creating PPS-42 and PPS-43.

- and where are the indications that the whole world began to copy the constructive scheme of PP Bezruchko-Vysotsky?
Quoting John22:

The meaning of the design solution is the connection of the receiver and the trigger box into one whole and the placement of moving parts in its upper part with minimal friction surfaces.

- this phrase has nothing to do with PP Bezruchko-Vysotsky.
As with the PPSh, the PP Bezruchko-Vysotsky's trigger box rotates on the axis of rotation with respect to the barrel, which is rigidly connected to the receiver. As with the PPSh in the PP Bezruchko-Vysotsky, the shutter with a return spring is located in the trigger box and is located below in relation to the receiver. Don't believe me? There is a photo on the Internet - look, read the literature.
The design schemes of the PP Bezruchko-Vysotsky and the Kalashnikov assault rifle differ radically and have nothing in common. There are no borrowings from PP Bezruchko-Vysotsky in the Kalashnikov assault rifle. These are fundamentally different systems. Therefore, it seems that you have no idea about weapons at all.

[John22]

1. The Great Military Encyclopedia told you everything: Some successful design solutions implemented by IK Bezruchko-Vysotsky were subsequently borrowed by Sudaev when creating PPS-42 and PPS-43.
2. I said that the constructive solutions of Sudaev are used all over the world, not Bezruchko-Vysotsky.
3. All PPs of the world, starting with the MP-18, until 1942 had a partition between the receiver and the trigger box. Including the PPSh, despite the fact that the receiver cover, together with the barrel, opened on a hinge. That is, split receivers have already been used: in the MP-19 and its development, the Swiss STEIR - Solothurn C1-100 (MR.34). In these PP, the receiver had a bottom, and the trigger box was attached from below. Through the window for ejecting the sleeves, the slot of the bolt handle and the magazine receiver window, soil particles fell inside, which accumulated at the bottom and could jam the bolt.
4. The design decision of Bezruchko-Vysotsky excluded such a possibility, since the bolt moved along the folds of the receiver (rounded folds in both directions) being in its upper part. There was no partition between the receiver and the trigger box, and the dirt sank to the bottom of the combined box where it did not interfere with anything.
5. A.I.Sudaev simplified the design of the bends - bends at 90 degrees to the right of both walls of the lower part of the combined box The shutter slid along them leaning on the bends at two points. Sudaev further reduced the area of ​​the sliding support.
6. The military encyclopedia did not indicate the use of this solution all over the world, but it can be seen from the designs of assault rifles in different countries. Consider the explosion diagrams of rifles from Belgium, Germany, Italy, Czech Republic, Israel, Switzerland.
7. I did not talk about the similarity of the weapon schemes of Bezruchko-Vysotsky and AK - these are different systems and different weapons for different ammunition. I talked about constructive solutions. If you do not understand this, these are your problems. Well, it’s not given, what can you do.
8. About my ideas about small arms - not for you to judge, excuse me too.

[Old electrician]

All PPs in the world, starting with the MP-18, until 1942 had a partition between the receiver and the trigger box. Including the PPSh, despite the fact that the receiver cover, together with the barrel, opened on a hinge.

- another portion of paranoid delirium.
MP-18 belongs to the so-called first generation submachine guns. Their characteristic feature is a cylindrical receiver and, accordingly, a cylindrical bolt. All German submachine guns until 1945, Finnish Suomi, Soviet PPD, and others had a cylindrical receiver. Apparently, it is the cylindrical receiver that you illiterately call "the partition between the receiver and the trigger box."
PPSh has in common with the MP-18 only the hinge between the receiver and the trigger box. The receiver of the PPSh is close in shape to a half-cylinder, there is no partition there. The PPSh shutter is not cylindrical, but a rectangular section of complex shape. The disadvantage of a cylindrical receiver is low manufacturability. Because of this, the PPD cost almost as much as the DP-27 infantry machine gun. Gross PCA cost as much as a Mosin rifle.
PP Bezruchko-Vysotsky and PPP Sudaev are made according to the PCA scheme, there is nothing constructively new in them. Accordingly, the constructive solutions of Bezruchko-Vysotsky and Sudaev are not used all over the world, because they did not offer anything fundamentally new. It should be noted that the cheatingly unsubstantiated quote from Wikipedia, which you constantly talk about in your version:

Its features [AC-44], such as the removal of the bolt group upward with large gaps, as well as the provision of contact interaction of moving parts through small areas, were introduced into the design of the Kalashnikov assault rifle.

repeated one to one not only in several other Wikipedia articles, but throughout the Internet. A Google search yielded 20700 articles.
Lies, even if it is repeated thousands of times does not become true. The fact that the bolt to reduce friction should hang freely in the receiver was known long before Sudaev and without him. At the PPSh, if you shake it, the shutter generally rattled due to the large gaps. With all due respect to Sudaev, he offered only one of the countless options for reducing the friction of the shutter on the receiver and / or trigger box and nothing more. He did not discover America. It is impossible to find the signs of PPS-42/43 and AS-44 in the AK design.
It is clearly seen that the only weapon that you held in your hands is a fork. A fork is, of course, a terrible weapon (two strikes eight holes), but unlike you, I fired from PPSh and other small arms systems, so do not hang me on my ears.

[John22]

Well, if you are such an "expert", then explaining something to you is simply not to respect yourself. Despite the fact that you were shooting from the PPSh. Shoot a little, delve into the structure, get into the giblets.

[Old electrician]

As I understand it, you have already found a partition between the receiver and trigger boxes in the PPSh?

[Zaurbek]

The QC changed the machine park, this made it possible to do more precisely labor-intensive operations .... and the QC task is mass production.

[John22]

I had no intention of exposing MTC. I said that he used Sutaev's designs.

[Old electrician]

Please specify what kind of Sudaev's designs Kalashnikov used?

[mat-vey]

Quote: Old electrician

Please specify what kind of Sudaev's designs Kalashnikov used?

Kalashnikov was essentially a student of Sudaev ... They seemed to have poisonous tables at NIPSO, and Kalashnikov's master-mentor was Sudaev ... So the influence of Sudaev in Kalashnikov's creative thought must be ... But the influence of influence, and accept decisions and polish - to hone your mind and imagination here ... In my opinion, somewhere like that ..

[Zaurbek]

There are many who studied with whom and with whom they worked. Kalashnikov won a rather difficult competition for a weapon, concept and cartridge new for those times ... ... and all this in massive quantities, without any complaints, was sold around the world and could be produced in countries where the industry is weak. As a result, the Americans came to Vietnam with the M11 Garant ... and the Vietnamese with the AK

[mat-vey]

Quote: Zaurbek

could be produced in countries where industry is weak

You saw the bolt and bolt carrier - what kind of complex spatial structure is there?

[Zaurbek]

However, look at the number of countries that mastered the production of AK in the 60s and 70s ... and some, without a license. Stupidly copied.

[mat-vey]

Well, not all of them had a "weak industry" ... and some of them turned out to have such "copies" that it would be dangerous to get hold of them ..

[Zaurbek]

Nevertheless, the copies shoot (askew, not for long) but the army of blacks can be equipped with them. And now you can already get machines.

[Siberian54]

Yes, he has nothing about it .. Another piece of hybrid war, when will we finally give up our Soviet past ..

[John22]

1. Common receiver and trigger box.
2. Placing the bolt carrier at the top of the receiver and moving it along narrow bends.
3. Fixing the receiver cover with the protrusion of the rear stop of the return spring.
4. Using the lever for switching the fire mode as a protective shutter of the slot for the movement of the bolt handle.
5, Shop for submachine gun cartridges.
This is specific, although I repeat myself. Study the materiel.

[mat-vey]

Quote: John22

Learn the materiel.

The same would not hurt you ..
1. Why did the Mosin rifle not please you? ..at least...
2. The LAD machine gun is just the development of NIPSVO .. (Degtyarev used it even before Kalashnikov, at the same time as Sudaev)
3. "technical solution" with PCA "invented by the contractor"
4 Remington Model 8
5. "Shop for machine gun cartridges." - was proposed by the NIPSVO management to speed up the work on the competitive sample.
And most importantly, the designers at the competitions did not act as individuals, but as representatives of weapons design bureaus ..

[John22]

1. About the Mosin rifle What are you talking about?
2. What did Degtyarev and Sudaev use from the LAD machine gun?
3. "technical solution" with PCA "invented by the contractor?
4. Remington Model 8 - what kind of weapon?
5. The Sudaev assault rifle was the first sample to be tested along with the magazine. Later, samples of other designers were presented (Simonov, Kotovin, Tokareva, etc.) and they had different stores. It was not possible to find a proposal by the NIPSVO management of a standard store in the literature.
6. In the USSR, individuals were forbidden to create weapons.

[mat-vey]

Quote: John22

1. About the Mosin rifle What are you talking about?
2. What did Degtyarev and Sudaev use from the LAD machine gun?
3. "technical solution" with PCA "invented by the contractor?
4. Remington Model 8 - what kind of weapon?
5. The Sudaev assault rifle was the first sample to be tested along with the magazine. Later, samples of other designers were presented (Simonov, Kotovin, Tokareva, etc.) and they had different stores. It was not possible to find a proposal by the NIPSVO management of a standard store in the literature.
6. In the USSR, individuals were forbidden to create weapons.

Quote: John22

Learn the materiel.

[mat-vey]

Quote: John22

used development

What do you mean by "development"?

[John22]

Development (in my case) is a technical solution invented by the performer and embodied in the material part of the device. In the case under consideration, this is the PP design. It may not be considered an invention, but it can be viewed as a rationalization proposal.

[mat-vey]

Quote: John22

Development (in my case) is a technical solution invented by the performer and embodied in the material part of the device. In the case under consideration, this is the PP design. It may not be considered an invention, but it can be viewed as a rationalization proposal.

In AK, all the incarnations of technical solutions were invented by the performer.

[Konnick]

I drew attention to the production, as it was 40 years ago, and it remains, a worker stands and feeds the workpiece under the press with his hands ... before, at least there was bluing, but now painting, and all painting operations are done by hand. A wretched sight. A special show for the presenter stuffing magazine cartridges by two women. The premises show that production is simply surviving.

[Alexey Sergeevich]

The photo shows a combined sight, which is not available in "ordinary" troops. The shooter's grip betrays either a professional specialist or an athlete. In the army, the forend is taken differently. I shot a lot of things myself, but I didn't use this grip. I have a large shot from an M4 carbine. When shooting from 100-300 meters, it is more convenient to aim than with an AK, but after two or three magazines, constant sticking begins ...

[AntiAleks]

how much can these sandals ...