Anti-tank missiles mounted on combat vehicles

The anti-tank missile launchers mounted on vehicles are undoubtedly interesting solutions that deserve close examination.

Looking back half a century ago, we can talk about the emergence of a rather interesting project in which the Swingfire rocket and the Striker machine were combined.

Of all the CVR (T) project variants (Combat Vehicle Reconnaissance (Tracked) - combat tracked reconnaissance vehicle, a series of armored combat vehicles first developed in the UK by Alvis in the United Kingdom in 1960), Striker was probably the most original.

The machine, designed to provide anti-tank cover for other options, was equipped with a Swingfire anti-tank missile launcher.

CVR (T) FV102 Striker Option

After the cancellation of the Orange William experimental rocket project in 1959, Fairey continued to develop wire-guided anti-tank missiles, resulting in the Swingfire model. The development of the complex continued for 12 years, and in 1969 the complex began to enter service with the British army. The warhead weighed 7 kg, and the rocket had a couple of unique characteristics that distinguished it from its competitors.



Starting video ATGM Swingfire

After launch, the rocket immediately changes direction to 90 degrees using the “jet steering wheel”. The aiming equipment can be installed at a distance of 30 meters, 15 meters above or below the launcher, which allows launches from the vehicle installed in the shelter. The Striker machine with a rocket launcher in the stowed position looked just like an armored personnel carrier, and not as an anti-tank complex.

CVR (T) FV102 Striker

Swingfire rocket, rotate 90 degrees after launch

Swingfire rocket

The machine could carry five ready-to-launch missiles in containers, five more missiles were placed in the combat pack inside the hull.

In their research work, experts determined that the probability of hitting each Swingfire missile was 40%. That is, to destroy each tank exactly two and a half missiles will be needed; on the other hand, a machine firing tanks with its ATGMs will be able to destroy only two tanks, after which it will itself be destroyed.

Consequently, this determines the number of five missiles ready for launch.

The Swingfire complex was also installed on a number of heavy and light platforms, FV438, various Land Rover models and other light machines.

FV438

FV 438

Swingfire rocket

Most of the alternative platforms were for the most part experienced machines or were not in service. In contrast, the Striker was in service for a long time, having managed to participate in two conflicts in the Middle East and in the 1991 year and in the 2003 year. In both operations, he proved to be quite successful, and in a study conducted on the basis of the TELIC operation, special recommendations were made on revising the life of this machine.

CVR (T) FV102 Striker, Iraq 1991 Year

FV102 CVR (T) Striker, Iraq 2003 Year

In 1986, the Spartan Milan Compact Turret (MCT) version of the FV120 was introduced, although the maximum range of the Milan complex was 2000 meters, which was significantly inferior to Swingfire with its 4000 meters.

CVR (T) FV103 Spartan with Milan Compact Turret Tower

CVR (T) FV103 Spartan with Milan Compact Turret Tower

In order to compensate for the shortage of FV438 machines in the motorized infantry units, several Milan launchers in 2003 were welded to the roof of the towers of the Warrior BMP.

FV510 Warrrior with missile launcher Milan, Iraq

The prospective FFLAV armored vehicles family defined the requirements for the TRACER anti-tank missile transporter. The TRACER project has reached the stage of displaying a mock-up equipped with a Brimstone missile launcher.

Lancer TRACER machine with Brimstone rocket launcher

The GKN “Stealth Warrior” armored vehicle with a rocket launcher was also shown.

Stealth Recce Warrior 1998 reconnaissance vehicle

A similar approach was implemented on the Stormer 30.

Stormer 30

Due to the fact that the FRES program was closed, and Swingfire and Milan missiles were decommissioned, the British army still does not have anything analogous to the Striker or FV438 machines and does not have plans for an equivalent replacement.

It seems that this concept is dead and buried, at least for the British army.

Perhaps the argument in this case is that with the increasing availability of high-precision fire from land, air, and even from the sea, such systems are no longer necessary, but combat experience and its analysis will probably be able to change this trend.

In the armed forces of other countries, the Hellfire missile was used in several versions of launchers.

Hellfire II launcher on Pandhur 6x6 machine

Hellfire rocket launch from HUMVEE jeep

Vulnerable TOW missiles continue to be upgraded and installed on a number of armored and light vehicles. According to available information, the last option has a range of 7 km and significantly less flight time.

TOW missile

TOW missile at Stryker

TOW missile at Bradley

There was even the concept of installing a TOW rocket on a Spartan machine.

TOW launcher on a Spartan machine

During the Cold War, the German concept of installing HOT rockets on the lifting platforms of the Jagdleopard or Panther machines appeared.

Jagdleopard lifting platform for the installation of HOT anti-tank missiles

Lifting platform of armament with HOT missiles on a lifting platform Missile

Jagdleopard lifting platform for HOT anti-tank missiles

Of course, all this is interesting, but the concept of a special anti-tank missile transporter seems somewhat outdated. It is now customary to install anti-tank missile systems on universal vehicles.

The first was a machine with a rocket launcher Long Range Surveillance and Attack Vehicle (LRSAV) from the company Lockheed Martin.



The complex includes the Stryker, a retractable mast with a set of sensors with a laser rangefinder and two types of missiles: for armored targets, the Hellfire II rocket and the 70-mm DAGR guided missile, designed for smaller or unarmored targets.

LRSAV is a fully integrated weapons platform. It combines a rocket with excellent characteristics, a weapon control system and a new opto-electronic station on a retractable mast with optical and infrared instruments. Such a system is able to capture the full range of targets and use missiles from a variety of ground platforms.

During the tests, the LRSAV system installed on the machine launched a HELLFIRE II rocket at a target at a distance of 6,4 km and a DAGR rocket at a target at a distance of 3,5 km. Both missiles successfully hit their targets. In both launches, the capabilities of the “capture before start” and “capture after start” modes were tested to demonstrate the flexibility of the LRSAV complex in various scenarios. In addition, the AH-64D Apache helicopter, equipped with a modernized Target Acquisition Designation Sight / Pilot Night Vision Sensor (M-TADS / PNVS) from Lockheed Martin, was used for remote target designation, confirming the ability of the LRSAV platform to jointly capture targets.

Lockheed Martin's LRSAV missile system provides excellent capabilities that allow you to destroy targets from safe distances, as well as improved capabilities for successfully completing a combat mission with minimal indirect losses.

Later, Lockheed Martin conducted a couple of test launches of the Javelin rocket from two different machines and two different launchers: from a light launcher from a TAPV machine and a heavier system on a Boxer machine.



Javelin Rocket Launch Video from Textron TAPV



Javelin rocket launch video from a Boxer armored personnel carrier launcher

Materials used:
www.thinkdefence.co.uk
www.wikipedia.org
www.youtube.com

Comments

[Isum]

According to the stories of familiar tankers, there are people in our army who own ATGMs to the level of "ala Javelin", they manually inflate the trajectory of the rocket, and then bring it down on the upper projection of the tank ...

[tlauicol]

Yeah, and the distance to the eye is determined

[Malkor]

The author with math is bad with a probability of 40% hit, 2,5 starts will give a probability of defeat of 80,8% - not the fact that the tank is destroyed. The rocket in the video does not hit the roof of the tank, but to the side and at a large angle, which increases the probability of non-penetration. And probably missiles of such a size are worth a lot and weigh a little.

[Professor]

Quote: Malkor

The author with math is bad

Well, the author was not mistaken much. This is not critical. For once, an article about technology was published on the Military Review. Why find fault?

In their research papers, the experts determined that the probability of hitting each Swingfire missile is 40%. That is, for the destruction of each tank will need exactly two and a half missiles; on the other hand, the machine firing tanks with its ATGM will be able to destroy only two tanks, after which it will be destroyed itself.

If the probability of hitting each missile is 40%, this does not mean that for each tank you need exactly two and a half missiles. On average, in 40% of cases, the first missile will hit the tank and the second will not be needed at all. There is also the possibility (on average in 1% of cases) that all 5 missiles will hit 5 tanks. Moreover, on average in 7% of cases, none of the 5 missiles will hit any tank at all, so say that to destroy each tank will need exactly two and a half missiles don't have to.

I look forward to continuing the article.

[ancient]

Quote: professor

Moreover, on average, in 7% of cases, none of the 5 missiles will hit any tank at all, so there’s no need to say exactly two and a half missiles to destroy each tank.

And "PARASHA-enko" says that "their army, well, the one that is the most combat-ready in the world "and they don't need TRUCKS at all and ... NURSOV are enough (especially since the aviation is gone, and Blocks still exist)

[ancient]

Quote: professor

Moreover, on average, in 7% of cases, none of the 5 missiles will hit any tank at all, so there’s no need to say exactly two and a half missiles to destroy each tank.

And "PARASHA-enko" says that "their army, well, the one that is the most combat-ready in the world "and they don't need PTRURs at all and ... there are enough NURSs (especially since there is no aviation, and Blocks still exist)

[bionik]

Such home-made is still from Afghanistan.

[gjv]

The Israeli Tamuz missile system in the version based on the M113 armored personnel carrier equipped with the long-range tactical guided missile system Rafael Tamuz (also known as Spike-NLOS).

[bionik]

"URAL" with NURS.

[Malkor]

Hmm. I would say that at 40% the first missile on average is more likely to miss than hit the tank. In air defense missiles have an 80% chance of defeat and shoot two at the same target.

[papik09]

Quote: professor

If the probability of hitting each missile is 40%, this does not mean that for each tank exactly two and a half missiles will be needed. On average, in 40% of cases, the first missile will hit the tank and the second will not be needed at all. There is also the possibility (on average in 1% of cases) that all 5 missiles will hit 5 tanks. Moreover, on average, in 7% of cases, none of the 5 missiles will hit any tank at all, so there’s no need to say exactly two and a half missiles to destroy each tank.

That's right - SHIELD BE ABLE TO NUNA

[opus]

Quote: professor

If the probability of hitting each missile is 40%, this does not mean that for each tank exactly two and a half missiles will be needed.

does not mean.
1. the probability of hitting a single target means the probability of getting at least one hit for a given number of shots.
2. the probability of hitting the target with one shot (salvo) (Pi) is numerically equal to the probability of hitting the target (p). The calculation of the probability of hitting a target under this condition reduces to determining the probability of hitting a target.

The probability of hitting a target in the first shot is 0,4.

This means that the probability of missing the first shot is 0,6.

The probability of hitting a target with a second shot is 0,4 (ceteris paribus, in fact it doesn’t)

This means that the probability of missing the second shot is 0,6.


The probability of hitting a target with the third shot is 0,4 (ceteris paribus)

This means that the probability of missing the third shot is 0,6.

How can the target be hit?

The target can be hit either in the first shot, or in a second shot, or in a third, or fourth, or fifth shot, etc. ...

All listed events independent. Find their probability

At the first:

The probability of defeat is 0,4.

In the second:

The probability of defeat is 0,6 ∙ 0,4 = 0,24 (past-hit).

That is, the probability of hitting a target with no more than two shots is equal to 0,4 + 0,24 = 0,64 <1,0

In the third:

The probability of defeat is 0,6 ∙ 0,6 ∙ 0,4 = 0,0144 (pass-by-hit).

0,4 + 0,24 + 0,124 = 0,784 <1,0 and so on ad infinitum.

as you can see one ATGM is not enough, and 2,5 is alsofinite in theory

Quote: professor

There is also the possibility (on average in 1% of cases) that all 5 missiles will hit 5 tanks.

To destroy a tank, it’s enough to hit one ATGM (we will accept for truth)
Find the probability that the tank will be destroyed after 5 ATGMs launched into it, the probability of which (each) hits is equal to: 0.4; 0.4; 0.4; 0.4. (P1, p2, p3, p4, p5) - this does not happen, but let it be your way
Then q1 = 1 − p1 = 1−0.4 = 0.6, and so on q2 = 0.6 = q3 = 0.6 = q4 = 0.6 = q5 = 0,6 probability
corresponding slip.
The probability of missing all 5 times is
Q (A) = q1q2q3q4q5 = 0,07776
Then the probability that at least one ATGM out of 5x gets into the tank (well, and destroys it) is equal
P (A) = 1 - Q (A) = 1 - q1q2q3q4q5 = 1-0,07776 = 0,92224

the probability that all 5 will hit the tank is = 0,92224, but no less than 1% (0,01)!

Quote: professor

. Moreover, on average in 7% of cases, none of the 5 missiles will hit any tank at all

Q (A) = q1q2q3q4q5 = 0,07776 = 7,776% - Have you already calculated, or what?
although it was almost 10% mistaken

[opus]

Take advantage of the Bernoulli scheme ...
The Bernoulli scheme is called a sequence of independent tests in the aggregate, in each of which only two outcomes are possible - “success” and “failure”,
in this case, success in one test occurs with probability 0 <= p <= 1, and failure - with probability q = 1-p.

where

[ispaniard]

Swingfare itself in the game Armored Warfare (on video) At the moment, this is the only game that shows most of the modern MBT, ATGM, armored personnel carriers and infantry fighting vehicles. Swingfare is quite good, but it is a game, BUT if in reality this machine can do the same thing as in Armored Warfare then the "Ambush Fighter" in tank-dangerous directions from it impressive.

[Dimka off]

Quote: IZUM

According to the stories of familiar tankers, there are people in our army who own ATGMs to the level of "ala Javelin", they manually inflate the trajectory of the rocket, and then bring it down on the upper projection of the tank ...

I also heard about this. Called - put on the roof. And they did it and they are doing it.

[tlauicol]

their fleet also does not stand still. Hellfire vertical launch

[tchoni]

develop such an option for a tank ... More precisely, for a universal conveyor ... with a modular cargo compartment - it will be interesting ...

[opus]

Quote: tchoni

develop such an option for the tank.

Was.
In Australia, from the time of 2 MV.
Only MLRS, not petr.
Good old Matilda

In 1942, the Australian Army armed some Matilda II tanks with rocket-bomb guides. The car was nicknamed Hedgehog - "Hedgehog." 16 kilogram bombs were supposed to destroy the Japanese bunkers.

(in World of Tanks it is interesting to introduce or not? )

good old churchill also used to the fullest

[tchoni]

Quote: opus

Was.
In Australia, from the time of 2 MV.
Only MLRS, not petr.
Good old Matilda

And here MLRS? It's about ATGM ...

[opus]

Quote: tchoni

And here MLRS? It's about ATGM ...

"but the men don't know"
1. At that time there was no FriУP (managed)
If there were ATGMs in the 1930s, and tanks with TOURS in the early 1940s, who knows how the course of the Second World War would have changed (this is especially true for German developments - given the Germans' penchant for non-trivial technical solutions)
2.RSZO, this is the same rockets- ATGM (ATGM), Fri rocket guided missile.
3. on offer

Quote: tchoni

develop such an option for the tank ...

replied -было.
They put and still put and will put on tanks MLRS, and ATGM installations
can be so:
SHillela ATGM shot from the cannon / launcher of the M551 Sheridan tank

or as

or like that - AMX-13 with SS-11 ATGM (the essence is the same matilda with MLRS)

or RBT-5 1933

--------------
Don’t worry, I know the difference between ATGM and RS ...

[gjv]

Quote: tchoni

develop such an option for the tank ...

Jews have developed.

The military censorship finally lifted the ban on the publication of photographs and information about one of Israel's most secret military projects. We are talking about a mobile launcher on a tank chassis for high-precision Tamuz missiles, which were also recently cleared. The combat vehicle is called פרא ("Pere"), ie "savage" or "wild ass" / "onager".
Despite the presence of a tank chassis, a pivoting turret, and the likeness of a barrel, the "peer" is neither a tank nor a "rocket tank".
The exterior served as a camouflage, and the "barrel" is not made of solid steel, but of light metal.

[tchoni]

I didn’t mean it at all ... At one time, mattress covers were actively developing a system (as always network-centric) that was very flexible in its application - the launcher (vertical) was located on the chassis (any from a truck and a tank to a hamer), but sights can be moved using one fighter ...

[gjv]

Quote: tchoni

I didn’t mean it at all ... At one time, mattress covers were actively developing a system (as always network-centric) that was very flexible in its application - the launch (vertical) is on

The NLOS-LS tactical missile launcher is one of the first weapons related to the Future Combat System (FCS) program, which is planned to be put into the US Army. The development of combat missiles for the NLOS-LS system by order of the Pentagon is made by NetFire LLC, a joint venture of Lockheed Martin Corporation and Raytheon. The total value of the 6-year contract is about 1,1 billion USD. The prototypes of missiles have been undergoing flight tests for several years, and the NLOS-LS installation itself is demonstrated at international arms exhibitions.

Non-Line-of-Sight Launch System - translates roughly as "Launcher, firing from outside the line of sight." NLOS-LS makes it possible to hit targets at long ranges (40 km or more) from closed firing positions. The installation allows for precise aiming and attack of point targets - armored and non-armored, mobile and stationary, day and night, in adverse weather conditions, at different ranges. The main targets intended for it are the T-90, BMP-2, -3 tank, field fortifications. According to foreign military experts, for the first time, the U.S. Army receives a homing anti-tank guided missile (ATGM), which makes it possible to hit single targets at such long ranges with high accuracy.
Initially, the concept of creating NLOS-LS was called "Rockets in a Box." A distinctive feature - launch containers with missiles, combined into a single unit, are not tied to a specific carrier, can be delivered to their destination by any vehicle. This significantly reduces the weight of the installation, increases mobility and ensures the rapid deployment of “packages” of launchers on the ground. A set of 114x114x175 cm in size weighs a little over 1,5 tons. The installation can fire from a truck body, from the deck of a ship or directly from the ground. The absence of any moving parts, as well as the vertical launch of missiles increases the speed of the installation, its reliability and combat readiness.
The NLOS-LS system is much more mobile than, for example, the MLRS launcher placed on a heavy and relatively slow tracked conveyor. Delivered to the launch site, the system can be in standby mode for 3 days, the battery capacity reserve is 72 hours. The absence of the unit's attachment to a specific carrier and the ability to launch missiles from any vehicles reduce the cost and make it more competitive in the arms market.

[gjv]

NLOS-LS installation - a block of 16 containers. One container houses electronic equipment for communication, control and processing of received information, and the remaining 15 contain two types of missiles PAM and LAM. The radio station and the control unit can transmit information about the state of the missiles, the level of battery charge at any time intervals. After a request from the control unit about the installation status, the response time is 20 s. That is, it can be left unattended and you do not need to send a person to it for verification. The installation is capable of providing aiming and launch of all 15 missiles with an interval of 5 s, which brings it closer in characteristics to multiple launch rocket systems (MLRS). In the event of successful completion of the NLOS-LS program, the United States will receive a weapon system combining the properties of MLRS and heavy ATGMs and, apparently, replacing both of them.

The first type of missiles, PAM (Precision Attack Missiles), are high-precision ammunition that can be sent to a target using the GPS satellite navigation system or its own Inertial Navigation System (INS). In the final section, several homing modes are provided. Missiles of the second type LAM (Loitering Attack Missiles) are capable of being launched into a given area using the GPS / INS system and flying over the battlefield in search of a target, and then finding a target, destroy it upon command from the ground. They can conduct reconnaissance, aerial photography, target designation and keep in touch, that is, until target designation they perform a flight over the battlefield as shock UAVs. Before starting, the combat mission on board the missiles is transmitted from the mobile command post. In the field, data entry and missile launch can be carried out using a handheld computer.
The NLOS-LS missile launcher is built on a modular basis, and depending on the combat conditions it can contain any quantitative ratio of PAM and LAM missiles. As the missiles are used up, reloading the installation is quite simple - two soldiers replace empty containers with full ones.

[gjv]

The PAM rocket is being developed by Raytheon. In the warhead rocket there is a dual-mode seeker (uncooled infrared / semi-active laser) with an automatic target recognition system ATR (Automatic Target Recognition). Massive cumulative / high-explosive fragmentation warhead (explosive mass of about 5 kg) with various modes of detonation, which is used primarily to destroy armored targets such as a tank, as well as for lightly armored targets (infantry fighting vehicles, self-propelled guns) and field fortifications. The missile has an average subsonic flight speed and reaches a maximum range of 40 km in 6,17 minutes. In the future, it is planned to bring the flight range to 60 km.
The ammunition is equipped with an original solid fuel dual-mode accelerating-marching engine (developed by Aerojet General) with an adjustable thrust vector (possibly in size and direction). This allows you to carry out high-speed flight to achieve the goal in a minimum time or to operate in maximum range mode - flying a rocket at cruising speed. Missile control is carried out using a combined control system that combines gas-dynamic and aerodynamic controls. During the first 10 s, the rocket travels 3 km at an average speed of 300 m / s. The second section of the flight - from 4 to 37 km the rocket flies in 323 s at an average speed of 102 m / s. The last flight section - from 38 to 40 km the rocket overcomes in 35 s at an average speed of 57 m / s. When flying missiles to max. range a passive section is provided (flight with an idle engine), on which the rocket is controlled by aerodynamic rudders.
The flight path of the rocket can be programmed in advance, and is a rather complex spatial curve that takes into account the need to fly around forbidden areas, such as high obstacles (a mountain), areas where your own aviation (helicopter) groups are located, and others. Due to the complex flight path, it is much more difficult to calculate the location of the launcher than when firing from artillery systems and MLRS systems.

[gjv]

Missile launcher NLOS-LS works as follows. After installation at the launch site, the container launcher determines its GPS coordinates with an accuracy of 10 m, reports them to the command post and enters the missile control unit. Also, before launch, data on the target’s location, its description, an approximate flight path with bypass of forbidden zones and the proposed guidance mode are loaded onto the rocket. After launch, the rocket every 15 s determines the coordinates of its position via GPS and corrects the direction to the target. During the flight, two-way communication with the missile allows for the correction of data on the position of the target or for re-targeting the missile.
Further, depending on the combat conditions, three guidance modes are possible: infrared (IR) homing mode, homing mode by the reflected laser beam, coordinate attack mode. The IR homing mode is turned on about 8 km from the target. GOS searches and captures a target by infrared radiation from it. GOS is able to visually identify targets using the ATR system using the on-board image archive, and also transmit the target image to the command post.
The semi-active homing mode on the reflected laser beam requires additional illumination of the target by the laser beam from an advanced observation post or a moving reconnaissance and patrol vehicle. It is also possible to illuminate the target with a laser beam from a UAV. The coordinate attack mode is used to strike at fixed targets: buildings, bunkers, bridges, crossings, etc. The missile uses a GPS signal to fly to a point with specified coordinates.

[gjv]

The LAM missile (Loitering Attack Missile - a barrage attacking missile), developed by Lockheed Martin Corporation in conjunction with Raytheon. The LAM prototype was tested by Lockheed Martin back in 2002.
The LAM missile will allow the U.S. Army with a single launched missile to scan large areas for specific targets, as well as find out the exact position and type of randomly encountered targets. LAM can carry out some functions that are characteristic of unmanned aerial vehicles - conduct reconnaissance, aerial photography, communication support and target designation, including through the use of a homing head with a laser radar-range finder LADAR (Laser Detection And Ranging).
The LADAR GOS allows the LAM missile to detect a target, determine the distance to it and, together with the automatic target recognition system (ATR), carry out identification and independently attack it. LADAR can detect objects and identify them with very high resolution up to 15 cm (from a distance of 1000 m). The automatic target recognition system continuously processes the signals received from LADAR to identify the target using 3-D models previously loaded into the device's memory. The processor of the device determines whether the target is in this area, and if the target is found, the medium can go into patrol mode above the target in order to collect more data about it. Gradually, LADAR creates a complete 3-D model of the target and makes the final decision on the identification of the target.
The video image is transmitted to the operator, who can reprogram the search for targets, if necessary, redirect the missile directly in flight or transfer it completely to manual control. The LAM missile is integrated into a common information network, which allows the transmission of images of detected targets to other units. The output of the LAM rocket to the specified search area occurs using the GPS or INS system similarly to the PAM rocket. Having reached a range of 70 km, LAM is able to barrage for another 30 minutes. The large area of ​​aerodynamic surfaces required for a barrage flight is provided by the wings spread out after launch.

[gjv]

Thus, LAM is designed as an autonomous, killer-hunter bartering in the sky, which can fly about 200 km, being in flight for up to 45 minutes. The LAM missile has a warhead weighing about 3,6 kg. The intended objectives of the LAM missile may be moving or stationary missile launchers, mobile air defense systems, artillery, tanks and infantry fighting vehicles.
On the LAM rocket, a launch solid propellant rocket engine and a miniature turbojet engine are installed. It consists of standard auto parts: turbines from a turbocharged car engine, compressor parts, etc., which makes it cheap and reliable. An engine with a diameter of less than 18 cm and a mass of 7,25 kg provides a thrust of 445 I, in the field it is assembled manually in 15 minutes.
In 2002, Lockheed Martin Corporation successfully conducted the first test flight of a prototype LAM at the US Air Force base Eglin. The LAM rocket performed a vertical launch, switched to horizontal flight and performed several maneuvers. A solid fuel engine ensured the launch of the rocket from the launch container mounted on the launcher. The air intake of the turbojet engine moved out of the rocket body at the right time and the procedure for starting the main engine began. The turbojet engine started about 5 seconds after the launch of the rocket. Over the next 8 minutes, the LAM prototype performed programmed maneuvers over the proving ground of the Eglin air base. The LAM prototype was not equipped with a LADAR system and did not contain a warhead. Subsequent tests already included the use of the LADAR system and automatic target recognition (ATR), as well as the use of communication channels with the operator.

[gjv]

In 2008, the U.S. Army successfully conducted a series of field trials of the PAIVI precision missile. The first guided flight of the RAM with a semi-active laser guidance system was carried out on November 25, 2008. The target - the T-72 tank - was hit by a direct hit, on December 23, 2008 the third successful guided flight test of PAM with a passive thermal guidance system on a fixed target - the T-72 tank was carried out In the 2008 tests, the missile demonstrated the ability to automatically detect, capture and destroy a target (T-72 tank) from an array of different vehicles. At the same time, for the first time on an army missile, a guidance system based on a dual-mode uncooled IR sensor was used.
After the launch, the rocket joined the control network as its wireless node, ensuring the transmission of telemetric information and images of the target during the flight. The interaction of the rocket launcher with promising ground-based remotely controlled systems and elements of FCS networks and the equipment used by the American troops was also worked out.
The flight tests conducted on May 16, 2009, during which 2 missiles were launched from launchers, demonstrated the possibility of multiple missile launches from a single installation. The purpose of the first missile was BMP-2, located at a distance of 4 km. The missile trajectory passed through three given flight points. It is noted that, although the missile missed BMP-2 several feet (1 foot ~ 0,3 m), the test objectives were achieved. It should be noted that hitting targets at ranges of less than 4 km is a more difficult task than hitting targets at long ranges, since a rocket flies at this speed at a high speed (average speed of about 300 m / s). The second missile successfully hit the T-72 tank, equipped with countermeasures, located at a distance of 32 km. December 2, 2009, at the White Sands missile test range, successful tests of the RAM rocket using the semi-active laser homing mode were conducted. Shooting was carried out on a motionless target - the BM-21 Russian multiple launch rocket system, located at a distance of 38 km.

[gjv]

Quote: tchoni

I didn’t quite mean it ... At one time, mattresses were actively developing a system (as always network-centric) that was very flexible in its application

Quote: CERHJ

Well, they came up with a cheap option for the Navy and Air Force

In addition to the land option, the installation of NLOS-LS is supposed to be placed on the ships of the US Navy. The marine version of NLOS-LS differs from the land version and consists of four units, which are integrated into one module for 60 missiles. In total, up to 180 ammunition can be on board. The Freedom Near Sea Combat Ship will receive the NLOS-LS automatic missile launcher. It is a new type of ship designed to patrol coastal waters. The ship is able to mine, destroy submarines and firing points of the enemy, located in the coastal zone. The Freedom crew was supposed to test the NLOS-LS in 2009. But it was decided to first test the installation for the Navy on the ground. These will include missile launches from a movable platform simulating the ship's pitching. If the subsequent tests on the ships are successful, the "weapon of the future" can become an effective component of the armament of American ships.
In the case of using PAM in the naval theater of operations, the installation operates according to the algorithm described above, only as a forward observer (external reconnaissance and combat unit) can a helicopter or UAV launched from the deck of a ship be used. Keeping at a distance, he detects, recognizes and accompanies targets, and also transmits data about them and his own coordinates to the ship. Before launching from the ship to the missiles, the coordinates of the targets are transmitted, initial settings and flight programs for missiles are set. About 8 km to the targets, search, detection and capture of targets by homing heads and switching of missile control from the GPS satellite system to control according to data from the GOS begins. After capturing targets, the ship receives images of targets from homing heads.
The US Army is accelerating the delivery of NLOS-LS combat systems to the troops. They should enter the arsenal of units of 43 brigades of ground forces. The NLOS-LS system will play an important role in the destruction of moving targets, acting as part of the infantry brigade IBST (Infantry Brigade Combat Team). Field testing of the plant is scheduled for 2012.

[gjv]

Quote: tchoni

I didn’t quite mean it ... At one time, mattresses were actively developing a system (as always network-centric) that was very flexible in its application

Quote: CERHJ

Well, they came up with a cheap option for the Navy and Air Force

In addition to the land option, the installation of NLOS-LS is supposed to be placed on the ships of the US Navy. The marine version of NLOS-LS differs from the land version and consists of four units, which are integrated into one module for 60 missiles. In total, up to 180 ammunition can be on board. The Freedom Near Sea Combat Ship will receive the NLOS-LS automatic missile launcher. It is a new type of ship designed to patrol coastal waters. The ship is able to mine, destroy submarines and firing points of the enemy, located in the coastal zone. The Freedom crew was supposed to test the NLOS-LS in 2009. But it was decided to first test the installation for the Navy on the ground. These will include missile launches from a movable platform simulating the ship's pitching. If the subsequent tests on the ships are successful, the "weapon of the future" can become an effective component of the armament of American ships.
In the case of using PAM in the naval theater of operations, the installation operates according to the algorithm described above, only as a forward observer (external reconnaissance and combat unit) can a helicopter or UAV launched from the deck of a ship be used. Keeping at a distance, he detects, recognizes and accompanies targets, and also transmits data about them and his own coordinates to the ship. Before launching from the ship to the missiles, the coordinates of the targets are transmitted, initial settings and flight programs for missiles are set. About 8 km to the targets, search, detection and capture of targets by homing heads and switching of missile control from the GPS satellite system to control according to data from the GOS begins. After capturing targets, the ship receives images of targets from homing heads.
The US Army is accelerating the delivery of NLOS-LS combat systems to the troops. They should enter the arsenal of units of 43 brigades of ground forces. The NLOS-LS system will play an important role in the destruction of moving targets, acting as part of the infantry brigade IBST (Infantry Brigade Combat Team). Field testing of the plant is scheduled for 2012.
There is conflicting information. The XM501 program for US Army forces was canceled in 2011, but the development of the system will continue in the interests of the US Navy. Tests at sea are scheduled for 2012.

[tchoni]

Thank you for the efficient review, but, in my opinion, it is already close to him within the framework of comments - this is a separate article

[Igor K]

So far, of course, the size of the warhead and the speed of the final section are small, but the idea itself is very good. A big step forward in creating new realities of the land war.
To implement such programs, great achievements in the field of nanotechnology are needed, at least if there are none, then you will have to prepare an asymmetric answer. EW systems, control interception, KAZ on armored vehicles.

[Vladimir.]

In general, ATGMs are a good thing, but when the car, in addition to ATGMs, has no more weapons, then this is already sucks.

"According to the stories of familiar tankers, there are people in our army who own ATGMs to the level of" ala Javelin ", they manually inflate the trajectory of the rocket, and then bring it down on the upper projection of the tank ..."

It is possible that this is possible, but definitely not in combat conditions. Yes, and targets are not Abrams, but tanks of the "T" series. Whoever saw the towers of these tanks will understand.

Tales of tales. There, the Americans on the video shoved a group of fighters into one dry closet (Well, people had fun). But this does not mean that now it can fit under 100 people into each APC.

[bolat19640303]

[quote = Vladimir.] In general, ATGMs are a good thing, but when the car, except for ATGMs, has no more weapons, it’s already sucks.

"According to the stories of familiar tankers, there are people in our army who own ATGMs to the level of" ala Javelin ", they manually inflate the trajectory of the rocket, and then bring it down on the upper projection of the tank ..."

It is possible that this is possible, but definitely not in combat conditions. Yes, and targets are not Abrams, but tanks of the "T" series. Whoever saw the towers of these tanks will understand.

In some ways you are right, it is most likely necessary to have small arms for self-defense. But to "bring down" the ATGM on the roof of the tower or MTO .... Hard to believe. It is possible to launch our missile in excess of the aiming line, but then the missile descends and strikes into the frontal projection. I not only saw the turrets of the "T series" tanks, but also served on them - how is the roof of the same Abrams better protected from an ATGM or a shock core? Yes, nothing.

[gjv]

Quote: bolat19640303

It is possible that this is possible, but definitely not in combat conditions. And the targets are not Abrams, but tanks of the "T" series.

Images of two attacks by its militants using 9K129 Kornet-E anti-tank systems distributed by the Islamic State against M1A1M Abrams tanks of the Iraqi army on July 9, 2015 near Baiji (200 km north of Baghdad). The Kornet-E missiles in both cases hit the tanks, which, according to the Islamists, were destroyed. According to one of the pro-ISIS "Twitter", these are supposedly the ninth and tenth Abrams tanks of the Iraqi army, destroyed by "mujahideen" in the battles in the Baiji region.

[gjv]

Destruction by militants of the "Islamic State" with the help of ATGM on the Sinai Peninsula M60 tanks of the Egyptian army

[Igor K]

As so, the indestructible destroyed, trouble, trouble.

[Nikolaevich I]

Quote: Vladimir.

, the Americans shoved a group of fighters into one dry closet on the video (Well, people had fun). But this does not mean that now people can get into each APC under 100.

Lord! How is it that a dry closet with an armored personnel carrier for 100 people "shoved" into your head? And what does "Javelin" have to do with it? When Belarusians together with Ukrainians produce "Hornets"!

[bionik]

Tank destroyer IT-1 "Dragon" of the USSR.

[AUL]

This "Dragon" did not last long in service. The concept turned out to be wrong. It is much more effective for a tank to have a gun-launcher than purely rocket armament.

[activator]

Quote from AUL

This "Dragon" did not last long in service. The concept turned out to be wrong. It is much more effective for a tank to have a gun-launcher than purely rocket armament.

At the Khrushchev show, IT 1 beat 287 as the creators themselves said it was a flight of uncontrollable thought. They wanted to raise the self-digging blade, but mixed up the wiring and the blade began to lower and raise the tank, the hose burst and Khrushchev miraculously did not pour oil. To somehow hush up Kotin’s embarrassment to talk about a unique reservation for what Khrushchev said, like, for two people, a meter of armor on an infantry fighting vehicle is 8 mm and is enough, and in general tanks need to ride a snake.

[Patton5]

Of course, erroneous, but if this car was not called a tank))) ????
Is cardboard MTLB better suited for these purposes !?

[tchoni]

in general, ATGMs are rigidly mounted on the car - probably not always good ... Especially if the car is lightly armored ... It seems very convenient to be able to take the launcher out of the BM, and in the BM itself there are several places for the gunner’s gunner to implement multiple launch rockets PU + integration into the BM reconnaissance complex (on the mast or in the form of UAVs).

[Igor K]

A vertical cold start will save the situation.

[Magic archer]

Some comments on the photo are strange. The author was drunk?! What does the phrase-VULNERABLE ROCKETS TOW mean continue to be upgraded!? Vulnerable!? For such nonsense I put MINUS. Although I would think about what to write about

[Professor]

Quote: Magic Archer

. The author was drunk ?!

The man himself is nice, how many articles are you the author of? Criticize all masters.

Quote: Mera Joota

Passive counteraction:
Firing of smoke grenades creating an aerosol cloud hiding the tank from the operator and scattering a laser beam, firing of heat traps that interfere with the thermal seeker.

Not very effective for third-generation ATGMs. Laser backlighting is not required; the seeker is interference-protected from infrared traps and lures.

Quote: Mera Joota

Active:
Shooting blocks of combat elements destroying ammunition with a directed explosion and striking elements.
A powerful laser in the eye of the operator accompanying the ATGM through the optics.
Highlight the optics to illuminate the operator (the operator does not lose sight in this case)

KAZ can help. The laser will not help in the eyes as the "shot-forget" complex. That is, immediately after the shot, the operator's eyes look in the opposite direction, the one where he rushes headlong.

[Igor K]

Well, add dynamic protection, differential booking, layout solutions and maneuvers taking into account the terrain and potentially dangerous directions.

[Magic archer]

Good day, professor! I’m not writing articles. Not mine. But if the author makes such mistakes, then why not point them out ?! To avoid these mistakes in the future

[Professor]

Quote: Magic Archer

But if the author makes such mistakes, then why not indicate them ?! In order to avoid these very mistakes in the future

My complaints are not about the very fact of correcting errors, but about the form. "The author was drunk" - just rude, if not boorish.

[aviator1913]

There are interesting ways to suppress Javelin or Helfire shells or to protect modern tanks and armored vehicles from them. It would be another article. And not only ours, but also Western cars.

[Mera joota]

Quote: aviator1913

There are interesting ways to suppress Javelin or Helfire shells or to protect modern tanks and armored vehicles from them. It would be another article. And not only ours, but also Western cars.

Passive counteraction:
Firing of smoke grenades creating an aerosol cloud hiding the tank from the operator and scattering a laser beam, firing of heat traps that interfere with the thermal seeker.
Active:
Shooting blocks of combat elements destroying ammunition with a directed explosion and striking elements.
A powerful laser in the eye of the operator accompanying the ATGM through the optics.
Highlight the optics to illuminate the operator (the operator does not lose sight in this case)

Because the Americans do ATGM JAGM with combined GOS IR / laser / radar mm range. That will allow them to neutralize passive means of suppression ...

[aviator1913]

But the operator does not accompany the ATGM through the optics, in the case of Helfire, he will simply continue to hit the cloud.

Shooting blocks of combat elements destroying ammunition with a directed explosion and striking elements.

-Javelin attacks the tanks with a hinged mode and the angle of impact outside the scope of the striking elements of the Arena or similar systems, the direct guidance he has more for aircraft.

A powerful laser in the eye of the operator accompanying the ATGM through the optics.
Highlight the optics to illuminate the operator (the operator does not lose sight in this case)

- What kind of mobile laser can I suppress?

Because the Americans do ATGM JAGM with combined GOS IR / laser / radar mm range. What will allow them to neutralize passive means of suppression

- For many years in Helfire they put combined GOS IR / laser / RL mm range.

[Igor K]

With China's mobile lasers, they are practicing, only at their unit the application sector is limited and its resistance to high-impact impact tolerance is not clear, tea tank still has to endure.

The roof of the "Armata" is covered by KAZ.

[aviator1913]

The roof of the "Armata" is covered by KAZ.

It would be interesting to see him in action against this type of missile. Or at least the confirmation of the employees or developers of this system that it can counteract such and such missiles and systems of the conditional enemy.

[Igor K]

I don’t want to upset you, but they’re planting such information.

[Mera joota]

Quote: aviator1913

But the operator does not accompany ATGM through optics

It depends on the anti-tank systems. For example, a show requires operator support.

Quote: aviator1913

in the case of Helfire, he will simply continue to hit the cloud.

The missile should hit the target, and not nearby, the failure of the tracking of the laser seeker impairs accuracy, and in the case of a moving target it generally leads to a miss.

Quote: aviator1913

Javelin attacks the tanks with a hinged mode and the angle of impact outside the scope of the striking elements of the Arena or similar systems, his direct guidance is more for aircraft.

Well, then Javelin is not the only ATGM in the world and the missile does not always fly along a hinged path. It happens that at an angle ...

Quote: aviator1913

is it possible to suppress a mobile laser?

The Chinese have a laser optics suppressor on the tanks, at best blind the operator, and at worst burn the cornea.

Quote: aviator1913

for many years in Helfire put combined GOS IR / laser / RL mm range

You are confused. Combined is three in one, with regards to Hellfire, he simply has three types of GOS, i.e. there is IR, laser and radar, but separately.

[aviator1913]

You are confused. Combined is three in one, with regards to Hellfire, he simply has three types of GOS, i.e. there is IR, laser and radar, but separately.

AGM-114R (Hellfire Romeo) - can be launched from any medium, the new multipurpose warhead ensures the defeat of targets such as armored vehicles, air defense systems, patrol ships, enemy manpower in shelters or caves. Previously, a special model of the Hellfire II rocket was required to defeat each of these targets. Guidance system - combined, semi-active laser GOS and ANN;

in accordance with the stage of the “increment 1” program, two-channel, like the Brimstone MBDA rocket (semi-active laser seeker, as well as ARGSN operating in the mm range) was carried out. According to the second stage of “increment 2,” it is planned to add a third, passive infrared channel to the GOS, for higher noise immunity and more covert use if the enemy has developed electronic intelligence and laser radiation detection stations. The mm mm AR channel has the highest resolution due to the 94000 MHz frequency and is the only working means of guidance in bad weather conditions (fog, snowfall) when the thermal imaging and semi-active laser channels are absolutely inactive.

Well, then Javelin is not the only ATGM in the world and the missile does not always fly along a hinged path. It happens that at an angle ...

- I agree.

The missile should hit the target, and not nearby, the failure of the tracking of the laser seeker impairs accuracy, and in the case of a moving target it generally leads to a miss.

KAZ "Arena" on which tanks and in what quantity is installed in the Russian troops?

[Mera joota]

Quote: aviator1913

AGM-114R (Hellfire Romeo)

Come on, Romeo has a typical semi-active laser seeker, but the Brimstone variations are not serious against the background of JAGM work, the maximum is for export.

Quote: aviator1913

KAZ "Arena" on which tanks and in what quantity is installed in the Russian troops?

Well, as it were, we were not concerned with specific countries, the point is the trend in equipping armored vehicles with KAZ systems.

[Igor K]

This is so, but just the opposite:
Laser
Smoke
Damaging elements

[bmv04636]

Here for this we have it

[atalef]

Quote: bmv04636

Here for this we have it

And judging by the video, nothing more is needed, as it is stated (without undue modesty) that Tunguska can destroy any plane, helicopter and even a cruise missile (and at full speed) and, if there is Tunguska nearby, then there is nothing to fear from tanks at all.
True, she has a range of only 4 km (but it is 2 times greater than before) ---- all the same Urya-Urya-Urya - there is nothing to fear, she will knock down everything that moves and is in full swing.

[Igor K]

And what you really don’t like, a fighter must believe in his weapon; besides, it is at least not the worst but the best in its class. There will be an order.

[aws4]

this is exactly the approach that a fighter should not have ... a fighter should not believe in his weapon, a fighter should know his strengths and weaknesses and be expert ... at the same time, understand that the enemy has the same weapons and even better ... I I think that all these tales pouring from the TV screens about the best Russian weapons can end very badly in cases of the outbreak of war with a serious opponent ... remember 41 years ... when an invincible red army that was supposed to destroy the enemy on its territory in a matter of months ran over these months to Moscow ... before show yourself the morale of the fighters when in the first hours of the war fragments of unparalleled our aircraft will fall from the sky, hundreds of tanks will burn in the fields and Kalash will refuse in his hands according to the bike that 90% of the male population believes not only doesn’t break the rail but even slimmer armor of less than a centimeter ...

[PROXOR]

Author. Where is the TIGER with the anti-tank Cornet complex? Not a word about our MBT capable of firing anti-tank missiles through the bore. And then you already pointed out the omission of IT-1 Dragon. MINUS.

[Nikolaevich I]

The article mentioned the concept of using ATGMs from retractable platforms on manipulators, but if we consider another idea, if we apply the system: armored vehicle + unmanned helicopter - an alternative to the tower? An unmanned helicopter is used as a platform for placing an ATGM. An electric motor is used in a drone; electricity is supplied through a cable-cable from an armored vehicle, thus the unmanned platform for an ATGM is "tied" to the "uterus". All "inconveniences" are resolved by the control system computer (automatic The armament can also be used when moving an armored vehicle-"mother" on the battlefield, when the unmanned helicopter-platform synchronously follows the "mother", having the ability to use ATGMs.

[Dimka off]

Something like this will work Hermes. In the sky, a UAV that illuminates the target. And the installation itself is far from the goal itself.

[Igor K]

The question of an amateur, is it possible to teach "swirl", "reflex", etc. make a slide when approaching the target.
Indeed, theoretically, when the likeness of a radio fuse is triggered, it is possible to implement the embedded algorithm by means of rudders, and figs with it if it does not get into the tower but into the MTO.

[Igor K]

Ideally, create a universal platform for delivering attacks by missiles ptrk, air defense, high-explosive action on 32 missiles approximately.
The missiles are the same in terms of weight and size, the base is to use "armata".
Start upright.
Missile control should be assigned both to the firing platform itself and to the operational-command core of the unit.

[Igor K]

I’ll voice the seditious thought, is it not time for the good gentlemen to give the right to fire at the target after identification, to entrust the robot with a trifle that has all the tactical information up to moisture, temperature, pressure, wear of the barrel of your favorite tank and the degree of intoxication of the commander (joke), the importance of this purpose based on a bunch of factors.
So until the downing of f-22 from a regular tank guns nearby.

[bmv04636]

The rocket is good, but there is a big one. I remember the light elves refused cannon weapons in phantoms and then very regretted it. I remember that in general we were going to abandon the bombers in favor of the ICBMs, too, regretted this later. Weapons must be balanced and effective.

[Andrew3000]

For those who are in the tank.

[Ivan the Fool]

Finally, a normal article! Thank!