Personnel policy, discipline and education in the Navy of the USSR 1970х on the example of 10 dipl
To begin, I will give a few examples, and then I will try to present my opinion on this issue.After returning to base, May 19, 1977 at flotilla Admiral Smirnov N.I. On the same day, he called me to talk in connection with my forthcoming appointment as the commander of 1 diplomatic missions. He asked a few questions, and then said: "I have known you for a long time, starting from the Baltic Sea, your service went well. I looked at my track record." Then he was silent for a moment and asked: "Why were you called Alfred?" I explained that my mother so desired, she is Latvian by nationality and wanted to give her son a Latvian name. After this, the admiral said: "Consider that I talked with you, I agree with your appointment, which I will report to the Navy Civil Code."
Shestak in the crew is very bad with discipline. Two of his midshipman fought with his wives, got to the guardhouse. One midshipman flotilla commander, Vice Admiral B.I. Gromov. ordered to demobilize. He had a report where he asked not to demobilize this midshipman, since before that he served normally, was a good man. The commander answered me: “Yes, he is a good man, but he is no longer a man on family ground. Here, recently, a captain hung himself on a birch base on a birch because of family turmoil, he was also a good man. And he may hang himself. ". I did not have time to come to headquarters, as I was told that another midshipman from Shestak had a fight with his wife and was sitting in the guardhouse.
Officers gathered, where Admiral Smirnov told how a nuclear submarine maneuvered 675 project SF in the Mediterranean. The submarine commander was drunk, resurfaced and began chasing two US warships, resulting in a collision that brought the submarine and the ship various damage. The Americans recorded the entire race on film and film. Admiral Smirnov talked on this occasion with the US Admiral, who said: "I have no complaints against the Soviet commander. The American commander is guilty, because he did not take all measures to evade the Soviet submarine."
The division commander let me go on vacation, June 16 I flew to a sanatorium.
While on vacation in Leningrad, I received an urgent telegram from Kamchatka from AN Lutsky, where I was instructed to arrive in Moscow in the personnel department regarding my appointment to the position of commander of a nuclear submarine division. I was warned to replenish my knowledge of personnel records and current policy, as in Moscow, I will be interviewed on these issues by personnel officers, senior managers and employees of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Therefore, I spent the second day at home and tried to remember this gibberish. 1 August I flew to Moscow, stopped by my sister. The next day, he was already in the General Staff of the Navy in the personnel department, where he met with his division commander, Rear Admiral AN Lutsky, who was also called to Moscow in connection with his appointment to the position of deputy flotilla commander. Vice-Admiral Bodarevsky, the head of the staff, received me and Lutsky, who both of us liked with our care, sensitivity, calmness and humor. He told how to behave in the General Directorate of Personnel of the Ministry of Defense (GUK) on Begovaya. After that, they put us in a separate room, where we were studying documents on personnel work before dinner. Then we were brought to the GUK to lieutenant-general, Hero of the Soviet Union Kovtunov. On this trip we were accompanied by the personnel department of the Navy, Rear Admiral Volgin. The general put us in front of him and started asking questions.
The first question was Lutsky.
- How are things in your division?
- The division this year received a good rating.
- And do not you deceive the higher command? Or maybe you are cheated?
Lutsky was a bit taken aback by these questions, but he convincingly answered that there was no deception.
The general continued at the same pace.
- It means everything is OK? Okay then? And everyone knows the statutes? And does your deputy Berzin know the statutes? Let him tell you the duties of a sailor!
I replied that the sailor’s duties were set out in two statutes: ship service and internal service. The general interrupted me with a question.
- How many points?
I did not answer this question, but the responsibilities of the sailor told everything. After that, Kovtunov continued to interview me.
- Here we will appoint you, and you begin to steal?
- No, I will not start. Nothing to steal: 6 submarines, two old barracks and a broken UAZ.
- Ah well! And if there was anything, would they steal?
- I would not, since childhood is not accustomed.
- But we appointed one general as a division commander, and a month later he began to steal fuel and sell it to the left. And you will not?
- No, I will not.
- Volgin, will Berzin steal?
- No, it will not.
Kovtunov looked at his notes and continued.
- Okay. Here we will appoint you, and you will lead your mistress?
- I won't, I love my wife.
- But we appointed one general to the army commander, and he immediately started a mistress for himself, and left his wife.
- I will not.
Kovtunov again turned to Volgin.
“Volgin, will Berzin get his mistress?”
- It will not.
- Okay. Berzin, and children, by chance, are you not addicts or fartsovschiki?
- The son is studying at the institute, and the daughter is at school, both are secretaries of Komsomol organizations.
- It means nothing, answer essentially the question!
- Not addicts and not fartsovschiki.
- But we appointed one general as chief of staff of the army, and his son turned out to be a drug addict and a homosexual. Do your children become addicts?
- Will not.
- Berzin, and how old are you?
- Forty four.
- Well well! You are a bum! You are forty-four years old, and you are only a deputy division commander. I was thirty eight years old during the war, but I already commanded a corps.
- Comrade General, I passed all positions in the submarine fleet, everywhere I served honestly.
- Berzin, and you are fussy. All tanned, probably mostly relaxing, but not serving?
- No, no. A month ago I returned from a long hike, two months under water. Was sent to a sanatorium, and after it immediately to you.
- Do you have a summary of the statutes of the Armed Forces?
- Yes, there is.
I was warned about this even before my trip to Moscow. They told how a captain of the 1 rank did not have such an outline. Kovtunov kicked him out of the office. The captain of the 1 rank sat for two weeks in the hotel "Moscow" and outlined the statutes, and only after that the conversation with him was continued.
- Berzin, give the characteristics of your submarine commanders.
I began to report, but after a minute Kovtunov interrupted me.
- Which of the commanders can grow up in the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy?
The question, of course, was stupid in form and content, since Commanders appointed people not the best and most capable, but on the basis of political expediency and personal loyalty to the regime, or rather, to the General Secretary of the CPSU. I said that I find it difficult to answer this question. The conversation had already been going on for an hour and a half, it was plus thirty-five degrees outside, the shirt was all wet with sweat. Then Lutsky and I were taken to Colonel General Goncharov, he talked with us for about fifteen minutes. Goncharov was mainly interested in my and my wife’s nationality. In those days it was a stumbling block. In the personnel agencies, in the KGB, in the party organs, nationalities were divided into indigenous and non-indigenous. Non-indigenous were considered: Jews, Chinese, Koreans, Poles, Germans and Greeks. Indigenous - all the rest. But even indigenous people were under suspicion - Latvians, Estonians and Lithuanians, who were born and lived in their republics before 1940. Therefore, he began with the question of nationality.
- What is your nationality?
- I consider myself a Latvian.
- Clear. Why do you have such a strange name Alfred?
- So the mother called, this is a Latvian name.
- Clear. And what is the nationality of your wife?
- Russian.
- Clear. Well, her father is a Greek?
- Yes, Greek, captain of rank 2, rescue ship commander, and her mother is Russian. By the right of choice, my wife is Russian.
- Clear. What nationality do you have children?
- Russians.
- How do you feel about your appointment?
- I go to this position with great desire.
Potters strangely looked at me and nodded his head.
Later I was told that I had to answer: "I regard my appointment as a great confidence of the party and the government, which I will justify with my work."
Completely izmochalennye after all these moronic conversations, we went with Lutsky to the hotel "Moscow", where he stayed. Washed and went to a restaurant for lunch and dinner, because it was already the case in the evening. We ordered a bottle of dry wine, a snack, a first, second, and dessert. Discussing the past day, we finished our meal, when suddenly the figure of Admiral Maslov, the Commander of the Pacific Fleet, appeared in front of our table. It also dumbfounded us, as if Mephistopheles appeared in a beautiful cloak. True, the admiral was a tracksuit, he began to ask questions to Lutsky.
- What are you doing here?
- We have dinner.
- See see…
Maslov stared at our bottle of Tsinandali.
- We arrived with Berzin in the GUK and the Central Committee of the CPSU in connection with the appointments.
- Yes Yes i remember. So how are things going?
Lutsky told in brief. Maslov listened and went to the buffet for cigarettes, he was on vacation traveling through Moscow.
The next day we arrived at the headquarters of the Navy in the personnel department. At first we were taken to the head of the political department of the Navy - a member of the military council, Admiral Grishanov, and then to the commander-in-chief of the Navy, Admiral of the Soviet Navy Gorshkov. The first to call for Grishanov was Lutsky. It turns out that the head of the political department of the flotilla, Rear Admiral Katchenkov I.A. He added his addition to the characteristics of Lutsky, where he wrote that he was little accessible to people, arrogant, arrogant, etc. etc. But it is clear that this “supplement” did not affect Grishanov, since he generally knew Katchenkov. After Lutsky they invited me. Grishanov's first question: "What is your nationality?" I was just amazed that here they are interested in this question. I don’t read what I’m thinking about life, I don’t care about, I don’t care. They were all fixated on nationality. After asking about the same questions by nationality, Grishanov spoke the following:
- Do you like Lenin mixed up. Lenin in the family were Russian, German, Kalmyks.
- I do not know about Lenin, but like mine, I told you.
- How are your children smart? Solzhenitsyn not read?
- Children are normal.
- Good. And how are you in the division with combat readiness?
- The percentage of combat-ready submarines is maintained.
After lunch, Gorshkov accepted us. A huge office, in the corner of a globe taller than a man. The pots of small stature, face stern, looks on 70 years. He listened to Lutsky, immediately gave instructions for the quickest introduction of the K-204 and K-201 submarines into the permanent-readiness forces. There were no special questions, speeches or instructions. So, the second day has passed.
The next morning we were taken to the Central Committee of the CPSU. At the entrance stood a KGB officer who looked at our party cards and told where to go. We found the necessary cabinet number, where we were received by Rear Admiral VI Panin, he was in charge of the Central Navy in the Central Committee. We told Vasily Ivanovich about the first two days of our conversations in the University of Finland, with Grishanov and Gorshkov. Then he went to report on us to Colonel-General Volkov, and we went to the corridor and sat in the chairs that were there. On the street + 30 degrees, air conditioners work here, there is no visual agitation and portraits, a man in a black suit (watching from the KGB) is constantly walking down the corridor. Finally, we were invited to Colonel-General Volkov, he asked a few questions and let us go. Panin led us to one of the buffets, warned us not to grab anything and not be surprised. And there was something to be surprised about: red and black caviar, sturgeon and baked ham, red fish, sausage, all kinds of fruits and vegetables, and much more (the year was 1977, the majority of the population of the country only heard about these products, but did not eat). Lutsky and I scooped up trays of all kinds of delicacies. The barmaid counted me and said: "68 cents from you." I answered her: "You have counted something for me a little". She politely replied: "We are never wrong." Having eaten, we descended to the cash desk of the Central Committee's aeroflot, where we were quickly and politely issued tickets. At the entrance, the KGB officer no longer checked our party cards, but simply wished a happy journey, calling everyone by name. The next day we left for a flight to Kamchatka, where Lutsky ordered me to fly to Vladivostok and engage in the K-204 submarine. Lutsky himself began to manage the flotilla, because flotilla commander Gromov B.I. brought from the sea with pneumonia.
Meanwhile, the head of the political department of the flotilla, Rear Admiral Katchenkov, gathered the heads of the political departments of the divisions and conducted a training session on the upcoming Komsomol conference of the flotilla. The heads of political departments portrayed the public: they spoke, they voted, they read resolutions, they sang the anthem of the Soviet Union and the International, and even imitated the lunch break. Katchenkov watched as someone sings and said: "... Here you are singing weakly, I can not hear your voice ..." And so they did it for three days.
At the ceremonial building in honor of Victory Day, there was no submarine commander K-48, captain 2 of the rank of Rovno, who was recently appointed to this position and successfully proved himself from the very beginning. On various channels I was informed that he was at home in a severe hangover. I called him to the part. He came to my office, at that time I had the head of the political department, Captain 2, rank Pogrebnykh, and deputy division commander, Captain 1, rank Anokhin. I asked Rovensky: "Are you drunk?" The answer is no. Long sought the truth from him, he denied everything. Then Rovensky sobbed and began to voice a recitative: "Comrade, divisional commander, your soul is overgrown with wool, you are a rude and callous man." We all began to reassure him, and I let him go home. Until the evening I finally found out. Rovensky got drunk in parts, after that he began to wander among the sailors, midshipmen and officers of his crew, until my deputy captain of rank 1 Anokhin found him, who put him on the UAZ and took him home. I asked Anokhin about this and he told me everything. In the morning, I again invited Rovensky to me and, in the presence of my deputies, asked the question: "Did you drink alcohol?" The answer is no. Then I turned to Anokhin: "Tell me how it was?" Anokhin did not have time to open his mouth, as Rovensky said: "Yes, I was drunk. I will not do it again." I could not stand it and asked: "So who has a soul overgrown with wool?" Rovensky replied with embarrassment: "I, Comrade Comrade." On this and done.
On the 2 flotilla was supposed to arrive a member of the Military Council - the head of the political department of the Navy, Admiral Grishanov. The chief of the political department of the 2 flotilla, Captain 1, rank Ambarov, and his deputy, Captain 1, rank Trump, came to inspect the pool, they were met there by the flagship specialist of the flotilla in physical education, Major Petrov. Ambarov looked at the pool and began to give instructions to Petrov: "Soon we should have Grishanov, for his arrival to paint everything, hang up new curtains so that there were terry robes, terry and simple sheets" Petrov: "All this is not allowed by the state, but for I cannot afford to buy money. " Ambarov: "For all high officials, all this needs to be had." Ambarov refers to Kozyr: "It is necessary, Vladimir Nikolayevich, in the political department to throw off the robes for 10 rubles." Ambarov: "Where is your refrigerator, samovar?" Petrov responded by asking: "Will Grishanov swim in the pool or drink tea?" There was no answer. Grishanov arrived, all officers were assembled in the officers' house, where they heard the command of the divisions and the heads of political departments. The commander of 25, dipl Rear Admiral Privalov, spoke on how they were fighting in the division with drunkenness, that they had organized a circle of sober-minded people, which caused Homeric laughter in the hall. In the evening, anonymous writers called 25 Chief of Staff a dipl to 1 captain of rank Yerofeyev and asked to write into the circle of sober-minded people.
In 1979, I was at the 20 regional party conference together with a member of the Military Council, the chief of the 2 political department of the flotilla, captain 1 of rank Ambarov, went to Petropavlovsk on his Volga, he sat me in the back of the driver, and he sat in the back seat, explained to me: "In the West, bosses drive in the backseat, and also more safety." On the way, he said that he served in the office of Grishanov, that he noticed him and once offered to walk him in the evenings. It looked like this: Ambarov came home after work, had dinner and drove to 20.00 at Grishanov’s house, he went outside and they walked and talked together, and so almost every day.
9 July 1979 Propulsion K-325 (commander captain 2 rank Valuev, senior on a hike, chief of staff captain 1 rank Alkaev NN) departed for combat service. A day before the exit, I checked with the headquarters of the submarine. The commander of the warhead-2 captain 3 rank Obodovsky was missing. This man drank in the Northern Fleet, continued to drink in the Pacific Fleet. Captain 2 of rank Lushin presented Obodovsky to the order for crossing the submarine under the ice, the order was given. Obodovsky arrived at the boat at the very last moment. For this person, I also turned on the team, the answer: "Educate."
In 1979, they were sent to study at the Academy of the 1 captain of the rank of Kopiev, and in the division there was less than one well-trained, competent, strong-willed and honest commander.
21 July 1979 was informed that on Lieutenant Submarine K-325, which was in combat service, the Chief of Medical Service, Senior Lieutenant Buerakov, died. K-325 approached and went to drift in Sarannaya Bay. On the torpedo TL-552 came a group of officers, including me, to investigate this emergency. Investigation showed that earlier Buerakov allowed cases of drunkenness at sea, including at the transition from the Northern Fleet under the ice to the Pacific Fleet. On this military service, he got drunk on July 18, he was made a suggestion by the submarine commander and deputy commander for political affairs, took alcohol from him, and 19 found him in an unconscious cabin, poisoned with hypnotic pills, it was not possible to save him.
The commander of the 2 flotilla, Rear Admiral Pavlov, ordered the command of the divisions to arrive at the dining room of the 8 dipl, where they promised to show us an exemplary table setting. We came to the dining room; the dining room is dirty, no order. Pavlov appeared, immediately brought dishes with fresh cucumbers and tomatoes, kebabs and roasted whole turkey. All this was put on the same table. This is the so-called "sailor's food." Then the participants themselves sat down at this table and began to eat delicacies. I went to the training center for the admission of the CBD to the crew of the 2 captain of the rank Dorogin and did not participate in the “eating”.
In parenting, the most important principle is the personal example of the educator (“do as I do”). Our main tutors - the officers of political workers were very far from a positive example. Persuaded us: "Do not drink, do not steal, do not commit adultery!" But they did it all themselves. Our bosses in communication allowed rudeness, abusive abuse, biased evaluation of their subordinates. Often appointed to the high positions of people with low moral qualities, close-minded, tyrants, limited. The main criterion for the appointment was loyalty to the CPSU and the Soviet Government. Not the Motherland, but the CPSU and the Soviet Government. The drunkards were kept on submarines for years, but if a person says at least one word against the Politburo (for example, that there are all very elderly people), then these people were immediately removed from their posts and appointed with a significant decrease or transferred to the reserve. Very often, personnel and political bodies were concerned with the nationality of a person. Sometimes it was just a stumbling block, reaching idiocy. The division command was constantly engaged in the education of submarine commanders. Despite the large number of combat services, submarine commanders and other officers were systematically sent to study at the Naval Academy. Our political department, which was headed by the captain of the 1 rank, VM Pogrebnykh, worked a lot in educating the personnel and strengthening the combat readiness of the division. Captain 1 rank Pogrebnyh V.M. and the officers of the political department went out on submarines to combat service and to work out the tasks of combat training at sea. I have the best memories of him. The deputy commanders for the political part of our submarines were mostly conscientious, responsible and knowledgeable officers.
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