Technology of creeping bourgeois counter-revolution 1985–1993. and how to counteract it
Introduction
Events that took place in our country in 1985–1993. radically changed our lives, changed the balance of power in the world. In our country, the internal situation in which seemed absolutely stable, instead of the CPSU, “builders of capitalism” who came from nowhere appeared in power.
The question arises, how could this happen in the most powerful country in the world? In a country where one of the most successful intelligence and counterintelligence services, the KGB, operated, and the ruling party, the CPSU, consisted of about 20 million people out of 300 million inhabitants? This question never ceases to bother many people.
In this work, an analysis of the events that occurred was made based on the following premises:
1. “A person is judged not by what he says or thinks about himself, but by his deeds. Philosophers should be judged not by the signs they hang on themselves (...), but by how they actually solve basic theoretical questions, with whom they go hand in hand, what they teach and what they taught their students and followers" (V.I. Lenin, Complete Works. T. 18. M.: Publishing House of Political Literature, 1968. 526 pp., p. 228).
These words were spoken by V.I. Lenin; in this work, these Leninist words are applied not to philosophers, but to Soviet leaders of the late 1980s. To assess the importance of this position, during the analysis I will now cite excerpts of text from two books of that time containing quotes from M. S. Gorbachev. First (History Ukrainian SSR. Volume 10. Ukrainian SSR in conditions of developed socialism, 60s - early 80s. Ed. Likholat A.V., Vitruk L.D., Ishchenko N.G. et al. Kyiv: Publishing house. Naukova Dumka, 1985. 776 p.):
A new manifestation of the party’s concern for the further socio-economic and political development of the country at the stage of improving developed socialism were the decisions of the Plenums of the CPSU Central Committee, adopted in 1984 and 1985, on further improvement of the work of the Councils of People’s Deputies, on the main directions of reform of secondary and vocational schools, on Long-term program for land reclamation, accelerating scientific and technological progress, etc.”
Second quote (Markov V.S. XIX Party Conference: a look into the future. M.: Znanie, 1988. 64 p.):
If from the first of these quotes, according to them, it is generally impossible to understand that a bourgeois counter-revolution has begun in the country, that some of the country’s leaders are renegade communists, then from the second only now, knowing the result of perestroika, one can pay attention to the “renunciation of command and administration" and "ensuring the transition of all parts of the economy to the principles of full self-financing." It sounded different then, in any case, the above passage was difficult to connect with the bourgeois counter-revolution.
For this reason, nothing they said then matters. All that matters is what they did.
2. The Soviet state lasted for about 70 years, from 1917 until the end of the 1980s. During this time, it withstood the most difficult tests (The Soviet economy during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945, edited by Gladkov I. A. M.: Publishing House "Science", 1970. 504 pp.), achieved enormous success in industry, agriculture, medicine (Ioffe Ya. A. We and the planet: Figures and facts. M.: Politizdat, 1988. 256 p.), science (Science of the countries of socialism. The seventies. Editor-in-chief Etingof E. B. M. : Publishing house "Knowledge", 1980. 400 pp.), etc., as well as in increasing the living standards of the Soviet people (Kozlov A.E. Social security in the USSR. M.: Publishing house "Nauka", 1981. 186 pp.; Union of Equals. Directory. Editor-in-chief Polyakova Ya. A. M.: Politizdat, 1972. 295 pp.; Koryagina T. I. Public consumption funds. M.: Publishing house "Znanie", 1988. 64 pp. .).
Therefore, I believe that the Marxist-Leninist theory that was used to create this state is certainly correct. Further analysis is based on the validity of the provisions of Marxism-Leninism and its last part - scientific communism.
3. We will assume that the correct theory could be incorrectly applied. The application of theory in a complex system is a combined issue associated with the search for the right solutions (for example, Stalin I.V. Economic problems of socialism in the USSR. M.: Gospolitizdat, 1952. 96 pp.; Glushkov V.M. Macroeconomic models and principles of construction OGAS. M.: Publishing house "Statistics", 1975. 160 pp.; Strumilin S. G. Selected works. Memoirs and journalism. M.: Publishing house "Nauka", 1968. 480 pp.; Methods and models of ASPR. Results and prospects. Ed. Bezrukov V. B., Kravchenko T. K. M.: Publishing House Economics, 1989. 240 pp.) and with the risk of making mistakes.
During the construction of socialism in our country, mistakes were certainly made. Perhaps some of them were committed intentionally. Our country was the first to take the path of building socialism, we did not have a standard for comparison, so mistakes along this path, unfortunately, are inevitable (for example, Stalin I.V. Works. T. 12. M.: State Publishing House political. Literature, 1955. 398 pp.; Stalin I. V. Works. T. 14. M.: Information and Publishing Center "Soyuz", 2007. 802 pp.).
As part of this work, one of the first tasks was to analyze the sequence of actions of its leaders - M. S. Gorbachev and B. N. Yeltsin. The main problem in order to understand what they were doing was to connect their actions, as paradoxical as it sounds , with Marxist-Leninist theory. And more precisely, with the theory of the transformation period during the transition from capitalism to socialism (Lenin V.I. Complete Works. T. 33. M.: Publishing House of Political Literature, 1969. 434 pp., pp. 1–120; Fedoseev P. N., Afanasyev V.G., Brutents K.N., etc. Scientific communism. M.: Politizdat, 1982. 431 pp.; Economic discussions of the 20s. Editor-in-chief L. I. Abalkin. M. : Economics, 1989. 142 p.).
After establishing such a connection, all the actions of M. S. Gorbachev and B. N. Yeltsin fit perfectly into the logic of dismantling the socialist system and returning the country back to the capitalist past.
1. The internal situation in the USSR in 1985
Let's look at the USSR in 1985, the time when M. S. Gorbachev was elected General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee. The USSR is one of the two leading world powers. The USSR's share in world industrial production in 1986 was 20% or more than 80% of the USA. In terms of agricultural production (except for grain 66% and meat 64% of the USA), the USSR was several times ahead of the USA. In terms of the number of doctors and hospital beds, the USSR was several times ahead of the United States, not to mention the availability of medical care. The railway transport system of the USSR transported 2–3 times more cargo than in the USA, and passenger turnover was tens of times higher.
The USSR housed a quarter of all scientists in the whole world. According to WIPO data, the USSR had more than twice the number of inventions of the USA and almost twice the number of inventions of Japan. The USSR is in first place in the world in terms of food consumption per capita for a large number of positions, and among the first in the remaining positions (Ioffe Ya. A. We and the Planet: Figures and Facts. M.: Politizdat, 1. 1988 pp.) .
From a political point of view, the USSR was, according to leading experts of that time, a state with unprecedented internal stability, in which over 90% of the population voted for the existing political government, and there were practically no protests against the current government. Dissidents are a small number of isolated people who have virtually no support within the state.
The economic situation of people within the state was very homogeneous. While the salary of a beginning engineer after graduation was about 100 rubles, and this salary is one of the lowest in the country, the salary of the General Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee was about 1 rubles. At the same time, a salary of 100 rubles was freely enough to satisfy all basic needs for food, clothing, and to pay for housing.
2. Hypothetical plan for the restoration of capitalism in the USSR
A number of researchers believe that M. S. Gorbachev was a weak person who could not solve the complex problems facing the USSR (for example, V. N. Shved, Who are you, Mr. Gorbachev? A history of mistakes and betrayals. M.: Veche, 2016. 550 p.). However, if you look at his actions, when he freely manipulated many people at the level of ministers and secretaries of the CPSU Central Committee, ministries, and the national economic planning system, then such a person no longer seems weak.
On the contrary, such a person must have an iron will to insist on his own and pursue the policy he wants. And he, of course, understood that if he failed, at best he would face an honorable resignation, like N.S. Khrushchev, and at worst, capital punishment. Such a person could not act without a well-thought-out plan.
So, a certain group of people was given the task: to destroy the USSR and restore capitalism.
What items should their plan include?
In general, their plan should have included the following points:
1. The coming to power in a socialist state of a group of people interested in the restoration of capitalism.
2. Economic reforms aimed at the restoration of capitalism.
3. Transfer of political power to the revived bourgeoisie as a class.
A more detailed plan, which can be implemented after the renegade communists come to political power (items 2 and 3 of the enlarged plan), should look something like this:
1. Denigrate Soviet history so that nothing connects us with the Soviet past, discredit the CPSU. This step was necessary to instill in the people the idea of the need to change the political course.
2. To denigrate the goals of the Communist Party, thereby also discrediting the CPSU. This step is necessary to deprive the CPSU of the status of the party in power, as well as to deprive it of the support of the people.
3. Present the situation in such a way that the Communist Party is supposedly divorced from the people. Destroy the connection between the CPSU and the people, destroy the single bloc of party/non-party people. This step is also necessary in order to deprive the CPSU of the status of the party of power in order to deprive it of the support of the people.
4. Destruction of the planned economy, its discredit in the eyes of the people. The goal is to build a capitalist economy from the ruins. Another goal is to show the people that a socialist planned economy is not capable of functioning normally and ensuring deficit-free sustainable growth.
5. Nurturing the market sector in the economy. The goal is to lay the foundation of the free market, which is one of the foundations of capitalism.
6. Nurturing future capitalist owners. The goal is to prepare for the seizure of property, and then power.
7. Introduce into the Supreme Council people with petty-bourgeois psychology and anti-socialist elements (for example, dissidents). The goal is to obtain a governing body for the country that will allow the transition to capitalism to be carried out with minimal resistance.
8. Refusal of the leading and directing role of the party in the life of the country (Article 6 of the USSR Constitution). The goal is to abandon the construction of socialism and further communism in our country.
9. Ban of the CPSU. The goal is to destroy the main organization of your class enemy.
10. Rejection of the principle of prohibiting the exploitation of man by man and the simultaneous introduction of private property. The goal is the final formation of the foundations of a capitalist state.
11. Sale of state property for pennies, primarily to “our” people. The goal is no comment.
Of course, some points of the plans are interconnected and separated from each other here rather conditionally. Some of these points began to be implemented when the previous points of the plan had not yet been completed. This suggests that the implementation of the plan was well coordinated.
Many laws affecting the fundamental interests of the entire people were adopted silently, without discussion, in contradiction with Soviet laws.
3. Sequence of reforms/steps of M. S. Gorbachev / B. N. Yeltsin for the implementation of this plan
The first stage of the bourgeois counter-revolution is completed when a group of renegade communists led by M. S. Gorbachev / B. N. Yeltsin comes to political power in the country.
Its second stage begins - economic reforms. Let's see what reforms M. S. Gorbachev and B. N. Yeltsin carried out, and we will connect their reforms with the corresponding points of the plan for the destruction of the USSR and the restoration of capitalism.
Among M. S. Gorbachev’s first steps was the announcement of a policy of glasnost and pluralism. I.P. Osadchy talks about this in detail in his book (Osadchy I.P. We come from the USSR. Part 2. M.: ITRK, 2012. 740 pp.).
As I. P. Osadchiy writes, in July 1985, A. N. Yakovlev, who had previously worked as the USSR Ambassador to Canada, was elected at the suggestion of M. S. Gorbachev as head of the Propaganda Department of the CPSU Central Committee. A few months later he was elected secretary of the Central Committee and began to deal with issues of ideology, and later with international issues. At the same time, A. N. Yakovlev focused on working with the media.
First of all, he was puzzled by the change of editors-in-chief, who did not satisfy him. One of the first to be replaced was the editor-in-chief of the magazine Kommunist, the theoretical organ of the CPSU Central Committee. The meaning of this step is obvious - the magazine must justify the “perestroika” of M. S. Gorbachev. V. Korotich was appointed editor-in-chief of the Ogonyok magazine. After this, the magazine Ogonyok began publishing extremist, anti-communist publications. Now V. Korotich lives in the USA.
After this, extremist, anti-communist publications began to publish “Arguments and Facts”, “Moscow news", "Moskovsky Komsomolets", "Literary Newspaper", "Izvestia" and other mass publications. At the beginning of 1986, publications began to appear in the press that were critical of certain party organizations and individuals. At the same time, there was no real critical analysis, no solutions to problems were proposed. There was only a desire to denigrate the CPSU.
On May 13–15, 1986, a congress of filmmakers took place. At the congress, the question was raised about changing the organizational forms of cinema, about the material and creative independence of film studios. Some representatives of the “democratic” intelligentsia sharply opposed the ideology and practice of socialism in the USSR, against the leading role of the CPSU.
As a result, the composition of the board was completely renewed. So the “democrats” in cinema won a victory. This congress gave an impetus that provoked similar assessments and conclusions at congresses of other creative unions.
On the other hand, the jamming of radio broadcasts by the BBC, Voice of America and others was canceled.
Thus, anti-communists received full access to Soviet radio, television, and the press to conduct anti-communist propaganda. And anti-communist propaganda poured out in a wide stream, mostly representing lies, fakes, and anti-Soviet fantasies.
However, sometimes it was enough to make a biased selection of facts, showing only the negative and silencing the positive. After this, persecution began and discrediting of party committees, especially city, district, regional, and regional ones.
In this way, points 1–3 of the plan for the destruction of the USSR were resolved.
By the way, now anti-communist, anti-Soviet notes can be found even in magazines that seem far from politics, such as the children's physics and mathematics magazine "Kvant" and the magazine "Tekhnika-Molodezhi". That is, the editorial policy of Soviet magazines has not changed since the time of M. S. Gorbachev. Perhaps the same editors are still there, or maybe they have found a worthy replacement among the anti-communists.
Sergei Kara-Murza wrote well about how the destruction of the planned economy was realized and its discredit in the eyes of the people [17]. To achieve this, various methods were used - from disruption of economic management to outright lies. Let's quote S. Kara-Murza (Kara-Murza S.G. Soviet civilization. Book two. From the Great Victory to the present day. M.: Publishing House EKSMO-Press, 2002. 768 pp.):
The management of a planned socialist economy was disrupted by constant, never-ending structural changes in the national economy and personnel changes. Here is what S. Kara-Murza writes about this (Kara-Murza S.G. Soviet civilization. Book two. From the Great Victory to the present day. M.: Publishing house EKSMO-Press, 2002. 768 pp.).
In addition, there were constant mergers/divisions of ministries, in which it was impossible to discern any logic. S. Kara-Murza (Kara-Murza S.G. Soviet civilization. Book two. From the Great Victory to the present day. M.: Publishing House EKSMO-Press, 2002. 768 pp.) gives several examples, but in reality there were more.
In November 1985, six agricultural departments were liquidated and the USSR State Agricultural Industry was established. In April 1989, it was abolished, and part of its functions was taken over by the State Commission of the USSR Council of Ministers for Food and Procurement. It was liquidated in April 1991 and the USSR Ministry of Agriculture was formed.
In August 1986, the USSR Ministry of Construction was “zoned” - 4 ministries were created on its basis, in charge of construction in different regions of the USSR. They were abolished in 1989.”
In addition, as V. Shved writes (V. N. Shved, Who are you, Mr. Gorbachev? A history of mistakes and betrayals. M.: Veche, 2016. 550 pp.), out of 115 ministers who worked before M. S. Gorbachev , only 10 people remained. The composition of the CPSU Central Committee was updated by 85%.
In Soviet times, there was such a specialty - “Economic Cybernetics”. Within its framework, in particular, they studied such a discipline as economic dynamics (Granberg A.G. Dynamic models of the national economy. M: “Economy”, 1985. 240 pp.). Unlike economic statics, economic dynamics studies the processes of transition from one state in the economy to another and determines the best development trajectories. In particular, it allows one to estimate the time of transition from one state to another, which for a state like the USSR is much longer than the time intervals between the constant meaningless structural transformations that M. S. Gorbachev carried out, in particular, the merger/division of ministries .
At the same time, such structural changes in the economy led to the need for constant correction of both material balances between industries and production associations, and production plans (Glushkov V.M. Macroeconomic models and principles of constructing OGAS. M.: Publishing House "Statistics", 1975. 160 p.; Kossov V.V. Interindustry balance. M: "Economy", 1966. 224 pp.).
The parallel radical reform of the management apparatus, which was mentioned above, associated, among other things, with the reduction of employees of planning organizations, and the almost complete change of ministers, created conditions in which the work of planning organizations was simply impossible.
It was possible to clearly predict that the result of such activities of M. S. Gorbachev could only be chaos in the planned socialist economy. Such activities of M. S. Gorbachev could only serve as a means of discrediting the planned socialist economy.
As a result of the chaos in the planned economy, a total deficit arose. This is how the task of destroying the planned economy and discrediting it was solved.
Information