GUKR "SMERSH": Experience of the Great Patriotic War, which would be useful to us today

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GUKR "SMERSH": Experience of the Great Patriotic War, which would be useful to us today

80 years ago, on April 19, 1943, without exaggeration, the most effective special service of the Second World War was created. The Abwehr, the Gestapo, the Zeppelin organization and other special services of the Wehrmacht were no match for the Soviet counterintelligence, which was called "Death to Spies."

Viktor Abakumov was appointed head of the SMERSH GUKR. He reported directly to the People's Commissar of Defense Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin.



At the same time, two more SMERSH departments were created in parallel: counterintelligence of the People's Commissariat of the Navy, subordinate to the People's Commissar fleet Admiral Nikolai Kuznetsov and counterintelligence of the NKVD, subordinate to Lavrenty Beria.

The duties of the new special service included the fight against saboteurs and spies, against treason and treason, as well as desertion and self-mutilation at the front. In addition, SMERSH was engaged in checking the military who had been captured, and also carried out special tasks for the people's commissar of defense, to which we will return a little later.

Quite a lot has been written and said about the effectiveness of the work of Soviet counterintelligence. In particular, in the documentary film from the Zvezda TV channel attached below:



But now I would like to speculate about the expediency of creating such a body in the current conditions.

Given that our enemy is now being assisted by the best Western intelligence agencies, it is obvious that Russia needs better counterintelligence. No, this does not mean that our special services do not work well.

The problem is rather in something else - a huge and clumsy bureaucratic machine, when “misunderstandings” and sometimes open disputes arise between the Russian law enforcement agencies, in fact, performing a common task: “who is in charge here”, which does not benefit the Motherland. Despite numerous operational-search activities, terrorist attacks and sabotage on the territory of our country are becoming more and more.

On the other hand, a counterintelligence body directly reporting to President Vladimir Putin and endowed with the broadest possible powers (within the framework of Russian legislation, of course) and having full access to data obtained by the GRU, FSB, Ministry of Internal Affairs, etc., would allow the aforementioned problem to be left out ".

However, this is not the main thing. Here it is time to return to the very special tasks that SMERSH performed during the Great Patriotic War. In particular, this includes the identification of facts that can adversely affect the conduct of military operations: errors in planning military operations, as well as shortcomings in providing the active parts of the army and navy with equipment, weapons, food and uniforms.

In this case, direct subordination to the commander-in-chief will play a key role, since the president will receive information directly from the front, without that endless chain of reports and reports that completely distorts the real situation.

It is no secret that information "from the trench" is very different from that which reaches the leadership of the General Staff, the Ministry of Defense and directly to President Putin. After all, no one from the lower command wants to lose his position, admitting that he could not, did not have time, did not think it over, or completely forgot.

Meanwhile, all of the above today has a colossal price, expressed in the lives and health of our servicemen. Therefore, the creation of an analogue of "SMERSH" in the current conditions looks more than appropriate.
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  1. +6
    9 May 2023 12: 00
    Before that, it would not hurt to use other experience. Otherwise, SMERSH will come for the wrong
  2. +13
    9 May 2023 12: 00
    could the author specify why modern military counterintelligence is so inferior to SMERSH that it needs to be replaced (according to the author)? who will serve in SMERSH 2 - the same military counterintelligence officers - and why the proposal then?
    1. +15
      9 May 2023 12: 07
      I will try to answer for the author. laughing
      Many people think that if counterintelligence is called SMERSH, the country of the USSR, and the head of the country is Joseph Vissarionovich, then order and prosperity will immediately come.
      Here one also thinks that if you accept the Victory Parade, then you can stand on the same level with Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov and subsequently be called the Marshal of Victory.
      "Blessed is he who believes"
      1. +8
        9 May 2023 12: 14
        Many people think that if counterintelligence is called SMERSH,
        Well, the militia was renamed the police. And the KGB in the FSB. The result is so to speak.
        1. +2
          9 May 2023 13: 57
          Quote: 1z1
          Well, the militia was renamed the police. And the KGB in the FSB. The result is so to speak.

          "The policemen began to catch bandits and thieves, and the FSB began to catch spies and terrorists."
          Apart from the abbreviation, nothing has changed. Although the word "policeman" sounds unpleasant.
          1. -1
            10 May 2023 14: 13
            Renamed correctly. If these organizations worked as expected, then there would be no coup in the USSR. There would be no war and there would be no millionaires with billionaires. Of course, I would have to hang a bunch of people on the Kremlin Fence, but that would be good. People would remain people, and the bosses would be cognizable in all respects, as under Stalin. But the people, why do we need this, because they told us that it would be better than it was, and the people with open mouths believed. Now there is nowhere to scratch and they don’t know what to scratch the back of the head, or another place. They didn’t even reveal the cards to the people, and there was no distribution, but they lost everything. Everything itched, but they didn’t know from what, but somewhere there they didn’t know what. And the smart ones stole and robbed cleanly. Now the unfortunate are fighting without knowing for what and for whom.
        2. -3
          10 May 2023 21: 19
          Sorry, but the KGB and the FSB are still two huge differences in terms of capabilities and tasks. And here the difference between the structures is colossal.
      2. -3
        9 May 2023 12: 25
        And let's figure it out ... to do it wisely, this is exactly how you think you propose ???
        Is it really???
        And the suggestion... go to the mirror and ask yourself, yourself.
    2. +2
      9 May 2023 12: 40
      Under the article, there is no indication of the author who it is - I would like to see it.
      In fact, the author proposes to create an essentially reconnaissance and sabotage structure, controlled only by the President. I doubt that SMERSH was like that. Abakumov was also subordinate to the State Defense Committee, like all the other heads of law enforcement agencies.
      To what extent "mutual control" of each other's law enforcement agencies is now being carried out (and I think it is being carried out), I do not know, and I think few people know - that's what counterintelligence is for.
      1. +7
        9 May 2023 13: 54
        Quote from shikin
        In fact, the author proposes to create an essentially reconnaissance and sabotage structure, controlled only by the President.

        And what should she SCOUT and what BLOW UP?
        You do not understand the very essence of the KR "SMERSH". This service was created to COUNTERACTION to enemy scouts and saboteurs. And not for reconnaissance and sabotage
        1. -2
          9 May 2023 16: 44
          How is counterintelligence fundamentally different from intelligence? Only by what operates on its territory, and even then not always. And when countering, they had to shoot and blow up, and use both reconnaissance and sabotage skills, and besides, they had a good understanding of the enemy - scouts, saboteurs, spies.
        2. +1
          9 May 2023 23: 48
          Quote: svp67
          Quote from shikin
          In fact, the author proposes to create an essentially reconnaissance and sabotage structure, controlled only by the President.

          And what should she SCOUT and what BLOW UP?
          You do not understand the very essence of the KR "SMERSH". This service was created to COUNTERACTION to enemy scouts and saboteurs. And not for reconnaissance and sabotage

          Sergey and shikin (Yuri) in this case do not agree with you, the counterintelligence agencies in their command structure have units (direction / departments) for conducting intelligence activities on enemy territory (up to the deep rear of the enemy). In addition, military counterintelligence officers also carried out sabotage behind enemy lines during the Great Patriotic War.
          All modern methods of work of special services (SVR, GRU of the General Staff of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, FSB of the Russian Federation) of law enforcement agencies (Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, operational service of the Federal Customs Service of the Russian Federation) are based on the experience of previous years.
          Most likely, it is not the renaming that helps to establish the service / work, but the organization of management and the selection of personnel capable of performing the assigned tasks ...
    3. +7
      9 May 2023 14: 05
      Quote: Level 2 Advisor
      than modern military counterintelligence, so much inferior to SMERSH,

      Mainly in numbers. Structurally, the KR "SMERSH" was much more numerous. But this is understandable. Faced with the mass sending of scouts and saboteurs by the Germans, the counterintelligence agencies of the Red Army and the Red Army, faced the problem of their small number and lack of their forces to carry out certain power actions, according to the same detentions. It was necessary to involve the linear or rear units of the Red Army, who did not understand the specifics of these actions. In addition, these bodies themselves were subordinate to the NKVD.
      After the reorganization into "SMERSH", the number of operatives increased dramatically, due to officers who already had combat experience and had proven themselves well, in addition, special units were formed up to a company in the army and a battalion in the front, whose personnel were able to detain intelligence officers and saboteurs, not just kill them. And for this, special training centers were created, where they taught this.
      Not to mention the increase in the number of units for direction finding and deciphering enemy messages ... And all this obeyed and worked for the command of the Red Army and the Red Army, as well as for the troops of the NKVD of the rear guard
    4. -2
      10 May 2023 21: 31
      Basically not much. The only WRC includes what was called the Office of Special Departments during the war. Well, of course, "SMERSH" as such. What we lack is the political will to let the security agencies work normally. And the military, and border guards, and territories. Do not hang on their shoulders to any human rights activists, populist politicians, diaspora lobbyists, journalists. To all those who fish in troubled waters and pursue liberal PR. Just give the go-ahead for hard work and indulgence from the left assaults.
  3. The comment was deleted.
  4. +8
    9 May 2023 12: 20
    "Smersh" was a very effective structure. But why is this:
    The Abwehr, the Gestapo, the Zeppelin organization and other special services of the Wehrmacht were no match for Soviet counterintelligence
    ? Are you saying that we were opposed by weaklings? You have chosen the right way to belittle the significance of the Victory
  5. +4
    9 May 2023 12: 22
    In particular, this includes the identification of facts that can adversely affect the conduct of military operations: errors in planning military operations, as well as shortcomings in providing the active parts of the army and navy with equipment, weapons, food and uniforms.

    To identify an error, you must have the qualifications of no less than the performer, the author of this error. Where can we get these? And we should not forget that we make decisions based on available information, regulatory documents, personal experience, etc.
    1. -2
      10 May 2023 23: 11
      And nothing is needed. To assess mistakes in the conduct of hostilities, there is a direct command and the General Staff. But as for the rest, it falls under the concept of "counterintelligence support for the Armed Forces." Something like this. Everyone is doing their own thing.
  6. +3
    9 May 2023 12: 22
    80 years ago, on April 19, 1943, without exaggeration, the most effective special service of the Second World War was created. The Abwehr, the Gestapo, the Zeppelin organization and other special services of the Wehrmacht were no match for the Soviet counterintelligence, which was called "Death to Spies."
    . Guys, don't .... you need to objectively evaluate events!
    The effectiveness of the fight against spies was ensured by the general mood in our society, united by the common idea of ​​\uXNUMXb\uXNUMXbthe fight against traitors and invaders !!!
    Where the enemy did the same, they acted no less effectively, alas, alas, there is plenty of evidence for this !!!
    Modern counterintelligence and other services have no less rights, within the framework of the legislation in force in the country, but at the expense of the general mobilization of society, its focus on countering the terrorist, espionage actions of the enemy, we are not doing so well, not as necessary ... Therefore, we have what we have and nothing more.
    In general, bring back at least all the "wolf crushes" from the past, they would ... but I don't know, I can't imagine what they could do ??? With all their skill and experience request
    In general, you can’t forbid wanting the best, but how does it look better from what it is formed, is that a question ??? Second... is it possible to implement it AS BETTER now, in our conditions???
    1. 0
      9 May 2023 14: 18
      Quote: rocket757
      Second... is it possible to implement it AS BETTER now, in our conditions???

      That's right, a question that doesn't have an answer.
  7. 0
    9 May 2023 12: 23
    On the basis of the experience of the Second World War (USSR), only the lazy do not talk about the need for "Smersh". feel For what. if there is. then WHAT IS!? request The answer was given by the experience of the Second World War and the existing reality soldier
    More aboutfamous commander and military theorist of ancient China, Sun Tzu, tweeted(VI - V centuries BC) who lived a century and a half before Alexander the Great. Least - "...Before you attack the external enemy. get rid of all the troubles at home. ....". soldier Something else is too privately heard - "History teaches that IT IS not taught!" negative . I would like to believe. that they know history. teach and draw conclusions and act. Happy Victory Day everyone! hi soldier love
    1. -3
      10 May 2023 21: 38
      At least read books about the work of the Soviet special services during the war years. And then you will discover the miracle and the light of the truth that SMERSH was engaged exclusively in counterintelligence support for the army and navy. The bloody NKVD and NKGB fought the fifth column inside the country. Raise your intellectual level and then you won’t have to decorate your post with pictures like that.
  8. +2
    9 May 2023 12: 31
    reporting to President Vladimir Putin and endowed with the widest possible powers (within the framework of Russian legislation, of course) and having full access to data obtained by the GRU, FSB, Ministry of Internal Affairs, etc.

    How to do it? Eliminate the hierarchy in SMERSH, so that everyone can call the President? And if the hierarchy is left, then why will the authorities behave differently, and will not “embellish a little”? Will they bring special people from another planet?
    And how to identify what can harm? It didn't hurt ALREADY, but only maybe? From the third planet to bring especially talented and smart people?

    By the way, do we have GUR or GRU?
    1. +1
      9 May 2023 14: 13
      By the way, do we have GUR or GRU?

      In Russia, the GRU at the General Staff.
      GUR is in "Ukraine"
      1. +1
        9 May 2023 17: 47
        In Russia, the GRU at the General Staff.
        GUR is in "Ukraine"

        The GRU is no more. Remaining GU. laughing
    2. -3
      10 May 2023 23: 13
      And who do we have? This is how spies fail.
  9. KCA
    +2
    9 May 2023 12: 33
    And also rename the FSB to the NKVD, do you know what information reaches the president? Is he, Biden, not capable of analyzing incoming data? So it’s you, first of all, that the counterintelligence department of the FSB should take up as a provocateur and make a suggestion, for starters, well, either a fine for discrediting or a fiver
  10. +2
    9 May 2023 12: 44
    Everything rests on the legal basis. Let's call a spade a spade - the progressive public is moaning about the creation of an organization with a license to kill ANY person in ANY part of the planet for reasons of CURRENT EXPEDICITY. At the same time, it is understood that the one who has committed this in all senses, a useful and demonstrative act, WILL NOTHING, except for awards. And everything would be fine, but now there is physically no force that could completely control an organization with such functionality, and even more so there are no people who are ready to serve their country so selflessly and honestly - these people will always be a tool in the hands of functionaries who always settle scores together. So forget about SMERSH - its time has passed. Mossad is a kind of SMERSH today, but even it is gradually blown away under the pressure of the political situation ... And to create a legislative framework that allows the supreme commander to poison people KILL other people without trial or investigation with our state Duma is not even a fantasy, it is schizophrenia, so how every legislator will be afraid that they might come to him. Something like this.
  11. +5
    9 May 2023 13: 20
    The fish rots from the head.
    And the esoli has rotted, then, perhaps, it will not turn out to be SMERSH, but death squadrons, constantly extinguishing all objectionable ones.

    And the FSB already exists. Where do you get the footage from?
  12. 0
    9 May 2023 13: 40
    But now I would like to speculate about the expediency of creating such a body in the current conditions.

    Then there will be no one to work in the Kremlin.
  13. +1
    9 May 2023 17: 44
    Bogomolov is to blame for everything. Wrote a cool detective about SMERSH, now everyone thinks that it was the coolest counterintelligence.

    You can even bring a hundred thousand fabulous Tamantsevs, there will be no sense. Because no “pendulum” will help against a fool with a bomb in a plaster bust.

    Counterintelligence is primarily a battle of wits. bully
    1. 0
      10 May 2023 21: 57
      It's all Bogomolov's fault


      Moreover, Bogomolov himself (Voytinsky, Bogomolets) fought until September 1944 in army intelligence.
      Therefore, what SMERSH really did "in August 1944" he himself simply could not observe.
      And he wrote from archives, reports and reports.

      But he was a very good writer and wrote very convincingly.
  14. +1
    9 May 2023 20: 34
    Abwehr, Gestapo, Zeppelin organization and other special services of the Wehrmacht

    The Gestapo has nothing to do with the Wehrmacht, it is the secret state police.
    Therefore, the creation of an analogue of "SMERSH" in the current conditions looks more than appropriate
    No, the idea of ​​an anonymous author looks more than controversial. Another reform for the sake of reform, which in the existing conditions will change practically nothing (by the way, SMERSH was an effective organization, but far from 100%) ...
  15. 0
    9 May 2023 20: 58
    The title is rubbish!!!!! How can the experience of SMERSH be useful in the current SVO??!!!
  16. +3
    9 May 2023 21: 32
    There is the Russian Guard, the SVR and the FSB. All of them are directly subordinate to the president and fully or partially perform the functions that SMERSH had.
    The equipment, numbers, special forces and powers are such that Comrade Abakumov and SMERSH employees could not dream of in their wildest fantasies.
    It is not clear what exactly the author proposes. Create another structure under the president, to fight saboteurs, or what would they report the truth? If the truth is needed, there is a whole "institution" of presidential plenipotentiaries. We came, we saw, we reported.
    In general, everything is and even obeys directly to the Supreme.
    1. -3
      10 May 2023 23: 24
      From horseradish SVR and Rosgvardia dragged? If we take their analogues, then the SVR is more of an INO, and the Russian Guard is a mixture of the NKVD troops and the rear guard troops. You can still push the military police there.
  17. +3
    10 May 2023 04: 35
    having full access to data obtained by the GRU, FSB, MVD, etc.,

    Did I understand correctly that the anonymous author of this article proposes to create some kind of "superstructure on top of the base" to control and coordinate the existing special services? Another team of officials who will not be responsible for anything, but will stick their nose into everything.
    The strength of SMERSH was precisely in the fact that they closed all the issues of counterintelligence activities - from "field" agents and the investigative apparatus to radio games with the enemy.
    In addition, they had a Motherland with a clearly defined ideology and clear and understandable criteria of who is "Friends" and who is an enemy.
  18. ric
    0
    10 May 2023 21: 25
    Smersh had powers that the current FSB could not even dream of.
    Under Abakumov, Smersh was directly subordinate to the State Defense Committee headed by Stalin, they carried out their work without consulting or informing either the front commanders or the commanders and generals.
    If there had been no Smersh, there would have been neither the Kursk Bulge nor Operation Bagration nor .......
  19. -2
    10 May 2023 21: 30
    was created, without exaggeration, the most effective intelligence service of the Second World War


    The head of SMERSH, Abakumov, later betrayed Stalin and was arrested for this in 1951.
    Almost all of Abakumov's deputies were also arrested (and later shot).
    Is it strange that "the most effective service" was led by traitors?

    By the way, SMERSH is the most common military counterintelligence. Therefore, she reported directly to the People's Commissar for Defense Stalin. Their main task is to catch traitors and spies among the military.
  20. -2
    10 May 2023 23: 19
    It's cool to read the posts of people who do not even remotely know the elementary structure and tasks of the security agencies of the USSR during the Second World War and now. Maximum Bogomolov, minimum just zero. But aplomb, but arrogance ... I'm not talking about reading the Law on the FSB, the law on the ORD and passing for smart ones.
  21. 0
    10 May 2023 23: 26
    Given that our enemy is now being assisted by the best Western intelligence agencies, it is obvious that Russia needs better counterintelligence. No, this does not mean that our special services do not work well.

    A very interesting statement ... Our special services, according to the author, which are published here, on the Military Review, and will be read by many honest citizens of Russia, according to the author, "our special services do not work well." This is the author writing. And the Military Review publishes.
    The author uses Western literary twists and tricks, such as negation of negation. “He doesn’t talk about our special services that they don’t work well. That is, he says that they don’t work well. This author needs to be checked. He must have been carried away by the beauties that surround the rich in countries that fall into the abyss of the terrible division of people into workers and exploiters. If so ", then the author can be saved. Re-educated by labor for the benefit of our country. And the country, and all of us, will receive one more builder of a perfect society. Our comrade.
    If this is not a delusion, but a belief in dark forces, and a desire to work with others and then pave your way to a brighter tomorrow, then such a person has no place among free citizens!
    Its place is either not in our country, or not in our world.
  22. 0
    20 May 2023 08: 41
    What are we talking about? Today's system is not so stupid!