On the historical achievements of the USSR in space exploration
The world's first ICBM R-7, the first satellite, interplanetary station, the first man in space. The achievements of the Soviet Union in the space sphere can be listed endlessly.
Without a doubt, it was our country that “gave” space to humanity.
At the same time, despite the difficult post-war times, the USSR had no other choice but to follow the path of accelerated development. After all, having won the worst in stories humanity in an armed conflict, our country has entered into a new confrontation - the "cold war" with the United States.
Speaking about the achievements of the USSR in the space industry, expert Alexander Korotkevich noted that thanks to Soviet scientists, the country had made a colossal breakthrough in the space industry. Indeed, already in 1957, the world's first R-7 ICBM was successfully tested, which was far ahead of its time.
Moreover, in the same year, less than 2 months later, the Soviet Union launched the world's first space satellite into orbit.
Korotkevich stressed that the "highlight" of the first Soviet developments in the space industry was simplicity and at the same time high efficiency.
So, according to the expert, the same apparatus, equipped with a pair of the simplest radio transmitters, simultaneously performed two tasks: scientific and political. Even to some extent informational and psychological - by the impact of the very fact of appearing in orbit on the main adversary.
The thing is that the signals from both transmitters fell into the standard broadcast ranges. Thus, any radio amateur could catch them, and not only in our country, which, in addition to scientific, also solved a political problem.
In 1961, a truly epoch-making event took place. On April 12, test pilot Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin became the first person to travel into space. His flight became the greatest world achievement and, in fact, "gave" space to humanity.
However, the successes of the USSR in this industry did not end there. Already on November 4, 1962, our country launched the first interplanetary station Mars-1.
Korotkevich recalled that the device was originally planned to be launched using the R-7 ICBM on October 29. However, as the expert put it, the launch of an intercontinental ballistic missile the day after the end of the Caribbean crisis could sharply aggravate an already difficult situation.
As a result, the satellite was launched from Baikonur using a four-stage medium-class launch vehicle Magnolia.
Further, the USSR made many more discoveries and achievements in astronautics. But the most important thing is that the developments of Soviet scientists formed the basis for the developments of modern Russia, which today is rightfully considered one of the leading space powers.
On the historical achievements of the USSR in terms of space exploration:
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