Polish troops

95

How to describe in one word this Polish army footwear?

Probably "ambition".



Polish ambitions


The fact is that after the First World War, Poland, which became free, began to create its own army, focusing both on its own traditions and on the experience of neighboring countries.

The desire to shoe every infantryman in good-quality leather boots quickly ran into harsh realities - expensive.

So, as in the armies of Germany and the USSR, it did not work out.

High leather boots were given only to officers and cavalrymen.

For sappers introduced low. And the quality is worse. With soles from soldiers' boots.

But "Private Infantry Janek" got the 1931 model boots. When creating them, the influence of French "fashion" was clearly felt.

Take a look at the photo of the soles. Doesn't it look like anything?

True, they looked rather like the Parisian boots of the late period - the 1919 model.

They were "infantry chereviks" made of high-quality leather of cattle. Moreover, the sock differed from the top in the quality of processing.

Features


Average height. There were seven round eyelets for open lacing. And, of course, rivets that reinforce the top and bottom.

The sole is leather. It was reinforced with nails - spherical-headed spikes. The number of spines varied. But no more than 50 pieces per shoe.

The heel is also leather. I nailed it with carnations and had a horseshoe.

Color. This is where the fun begins.

In black and white photos, you can see that the color of the shoes is different in shades. With black everything is clear. And how to understand "gray" and "whitish" colors?

It turned out that both boots and boots for sappers were supplied in a light red, unpainted state! And there already - who in what way. Of course, with the blessing of the authorities. Shoemakers and soldiers, when the look of light-colored boots ceased to be dandy, repainted them both black and brown. There is information that sometimes they were also varnished. So initially the “chereviks” looked like this.

Polish troops

Shoes with cloth gaiters were worn. Although sometimes you come across images with typical windings. True, not high. These are most likely exceptions. As well as the low skewers from 1925.

Reserve from 1939


It is impossible not to mention one more boots. I cannot say for sure what they used in the Polish General Staff - the idea of ​​restoring Poland "from sea to sea" or the presentiment of a new war.

But in the mid-thirties, it was decided to develop a new boot model. So to speak, "mobilization" or "reserve".

They were supposed to be kept in warehouses. And in case of general mobilization - to be issued to conscripts.

They are referred to as "infantry cribs of the 1934/1939 model." Sometimes it's just "sample 1939".


The cut of the top has changed. There are nine pairs of eyelets. And the place under their location was reinforced with leather overlays. The color mentioned is brown. The outsole remains identical to its predecessor.

Complaints


But somehow, everything went wrong with this sample.

Summed up the calculations of shoe lasts. After the first shipments began to arrive at the warehouses, they were selectively sent to the troops for inspection. And from there complaints came.

If there were no complaints about the quality and strength, then the convenience left much to be desired.

The soldiers complained of an uncomfortable rise and a narrow toe.

The boots rubbed their feet and wore out for a very long time, as they were sewn from thick leather.

No wonder the Deputy Minister of Military Affairs, Brigadier General Alexander Litvinovich, in a letter dated April 30, 1938, to the Army inspector, Major General Tadeusz Piskor, presented the problem of using shoes from mobilization stocks.

In the letter, he described everything in detail and accurately enough. He also indicated the necessary ways to eliminate the size discrepancy.

Changes were made promptly. And new shoes began to arrive in warehouses.

Some of them were shod by mobilized Poles when, on September 1939, XNUMX, the first salvoes of the most terrible war in stories humanity.
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  1. Cat
    +7
    13 February 2021 15: 08
    Boots are safer in battle (C)
    Another thing is interesting. After WW1, Poland, as a "child of Versailles", received a bunch of weapons they did not need from the allies. Couldn't you beg for captured German boots?
    1. +3
      13 February 2021 15: 31
      Quote: Gato
      Couldn't you beg for captured German boots?

      Maybe they were begging, but they didn't get it
      Or maybe they just didn't give it, considering that they had already grabbed so much
    2. +10
      13 February 2021 16: 33
      Quote: Gato
      Boots are safer in battle (C)

      With boots in Afghanistan, problems arose - when the anti-personnel ground was blown up, a leg shod in boots suffered more than a leg shod in low shoes! Here is such a strange paradox, colleague.
      1. Cat
        +6
        13 February 2021 16: 45
        when the antipersonnel was detonated, a leg shod in boots suffered more than a leg shod in low shoes! Here is such a strange paradox, colleague.

        This is the first time I've heard of this, to be honest. When the ppm is detonated, in my opinion, it does not matter what the foot is in (unless the sneaker will fly further). Another thing is that it is not so convenient to climb mountains in kirzachs (especially worn ones) as in specialized shoes, and the boots are more tailored to the terrain and climate of the European type. There is no universal shoe, there is one that was privatized feel
        1. +13
          13 February 2021 17: 36
          Quote: Gato
          This is the first time I've heard of this, to be honest.

          Alas, there was such a medical study of the wounded in Afghanistan, and yes, the fighters in boots were seriously injured during explosions than in ... sneakers. In particular, due to the presence of metal nails in the sole of the boots
          1. +5
            13 February 2021 17: 58
            I think if it's already blown up, then the nails in the sole are clearly not the biggest problem)
            1. +7
              13 February 2021 19: 32
              Quote: Ben Gunn
              I think if it's already blown up, then the nails in the sole are clearly not the biggest problem)

              And nevertheless, they also played a negative role, mine, mine were different, and here there are already ready-made lethal elements
              1. +2
                13 February 2021 22: 50
                Quote: svp67
                And nevertheless, they also played a negative role, mine, mine were different, and here there are already ready-made lethal elements

                The military doctor did not talk about nails, but about the impact of the bootleg (this is in his, the doctor's understanding) as an increase in the compression effect on soft tissues, resulting in gangrene and so on. trouble.
          2. +10
            13 February 2021 18: 18
            Good evening, Sergey. hi
            Medical research is news to me, thanks for the information. Still, our army command was not completely stupid, no matter how scolded it was.
            I talked with the guys who had passed the Afghani and everyone talked about the convenience of sneakers and about the fact that the people in every way tried to get them for themselves, to the point that smart commanders bought them for their fighters from Afghans literally boxes. But the main emphasis in the stories was on climbing mountains and on marches, well, this is understandable - the sneaker is not a canvas shoe, it is much more comfortable and lighter, and the sole ... About the mountains from my friend who served there in the Airborne Forces.
            1. -1
              15 February 2021 08: 09
              All these are bikes from the category of "adidas-olympics" - the hungry pounced on the muddle ... Not a single self-respecting mountain tourist (and indeed a "tourist") will take a jerk in "Czech women" into his group. Sneakers - just as not the best replacement for "rock shoes" except ... and a substitute in the camp. Shoes should be tight, toe protected, ankle. Then the soldier can fight day after day, for weeks and months. And in sneakers for one two exits and legs and sneakers themselves in a splash. Who will carry two or three substitutions with them?
            2. +1
              19 May 2021 17: 31
              An important clarification - the dry climate made it possible to wear sneakers. A couple of rains, floods the bootleg + march = callus. By the way, where did you get so many socks? I can't imagine sneakers with footcloths
              1. 0
                19 May 2021 17: 47
                By the way, where did you get so many socks?

                Probably in the same place as the sneakers, I did not specify, I was more interested in something else.
        2. 0
          13 February 2021 22: 45
          Quote: Gato
          This is the first time I've heard of this, to be honest. When the ppm is detonated, in my opinion, it does not matter what the foot is in (unless the sneaker will fly further).

          We are talking about injuries - the military doctor shared with me in the hospital. He said that reconnaissance (they wore sneakers on raids) only amputated a foot, and infantry in a boot - knee-deep.
          1. Cat
            +2
            13 February 2021 23: 12
            We are talking specifically about traumatism - the military doctor shared with me in the hospital

            Maybe, but it seems to me - these are all army tales. The only type of mines for which footwear can matter is, apparently, "Petals" PFM-1 (here I don't even know which is better: a thin sole of sneakers or a thick boot). For the rest, "Witches", "Widows", etc., in principle, it does not matter what is worn on the leg
            1. +3
              13 February 2021 23: 18
              Quote: Gato
              Maybe, but it seems to me - these are all army tales.
              Unfortunately, this is not the case, colleague. An experienced doctor, and we didn't have time for bikes either. Above, I wrote about the impact of the bootleg (this is in his, the doctor's understanding) as an increase in the compression effect on soft tissues, resulting in gangrene and so on. trouble.
            2. 0
              13 February 2021 23: 20
              Quote: Gato
              in principle, it does not matter what is worn on the leg

              Any mine is indifferent to what is on the leg, it fulfills its mission in any case - it incapacitates the fighter.
            3. +3
              14 February 2021 06: 39
              Quote: Gato
              The only type of mines for which footwear may be important is, apparently, "Petals" PFM-1

              "Dushmans" also used the Iranian YM-I mine, in it there was a little more explosive than in the "petal", only 50 grams and a plastic case of low viscosity

      2. +5
        13 February 2021 17: 33
        Quote: businessv
        With boots in Afghanistan, problems arose - when the anti-personnel ground was blown up, a leg shod in boots suffered more than a leg shod in low shoes!

        And here is one more thing, these are the nails in the sole of these "chereviks", in the event of a mine explosion, they would play a very negative role, very ...
    3. 0
      13 February 2021 18: 02
      Quote: Gato
      Couldn't you beg for captured German boots?

      Their brothers Dasslers were converted into "sneakers".
  2. +13
    13 February 2021 15: 19
    Greetings Igor! For * shoe * cycle of articles, onoznacha- * plus *! good Informative and simply interesting! Thank you! To be continued? hi
    1. +19
      13 February 2021 15: 22
      Yes, I hope the editors will support my endeavor. I just sent another note for editing.
      I thank the readers in advance for their input)
      1. +9
        13 February 2021 15: 53
        Well done Leader of the Redskins (Igor), the article turned out to be interesting again! good do not leave the topic - we are waiting for the continuation!
        Ps Cool pictures, where did you find so many shoes?
        1. +11
          13 February 2021 15: 54
          There are links below the article. Reenactor forums often help.
          1. +8
            13 February 2021 16: 08
            Thank you.
            finally I learned what the holes in which I put the laces are called.
            1. +5
              13 February 2021 16: 35
              Quote: Flood
              finally I learned what the holes in which I put the laces are called.

              Not only you! laughing drinks
              1. +9
                13 February 2021 18: 22
                "Land" people smile the eyelets went from the sails and migrated right up to the boots. drinks
                1. Cat
                  +4
                  13 February 2021 18: 47
                  "Land" people

                  Well, yes .. From waterfowl, in general, there are only continuous misunderstandings: they sit on banks, walk on the sea, their pants are buttoned on the side, and not where it is envisaged by anatomy ... laughing drinks
                  1. +8
                    13 February 2021 19: 03
                    What we are proud of laughing having instead of a vulgar outhouse, a noble latrine. drinks
                    1. Cat
                      +4
                      13 February 2021 19: 08
                      laughing laughing
                      The picture is class! Cannon, you have to understand, to treat constipation?
                      1. +6
                        13 February 2021 19: 19
                        Precisely, this is the "tool" of the proctologist. laughing
            2. Cat
              +5
              13 February 2021 16: 56
              finally I learned what the holes in which I put the laces are called.

              Likewise. I have always believed that grommet is a purely nautical term.
            3. +3
              13 February 2021 20: 22
              finally I learned what the holes in which I put the laces are called.

              Dear, it is immediately clear that you did not go in for sailing.
              1. +2
                13 February 2021 20: 48
                Quote: Aviator_
                Dear, it is immediately clear that you did not go in for sailing.

                etr is true. and if you did, would you know what the shoe lacing holes are called?
                1. +1
                  13 February 2021 21: 21
                  Well, yes, the same is the name of the holes on the sail, into which the cable is threaded.
                  1. 0
                    13 February 2021 21: 29
                    Quote: Aviator_
                    Well, yes, the same is the name of the holes on the sail, into which the cable is threaded.

                    but how does one follow from the other? that's what I didn't understand.
                    1. +3
                      13 February 2021 21: 34
                      Holes with metal edging in the flexible material made to thread the cord are called eyelets. They are both on the sail and on the boots.
                      1. +3
                        13 February 2021 21: 38
                        That's right - just a hole with an edging (any, metal, leather, plastic, bone, etc.) for threading the cord, reinforcing this hole. hi
                      2. +1
                        13 February 2021 22: 17
                        Quote: Aviator_
                        They are both on the sail and on the boots.

                        This does not mean at all that the holes on the boots, and in the sails, and in the curtains are called the same.
                        That is, not every yachtsman knows about the eyelets on the boots.
          2. +3
            13 February 2021 16: 19
            I will not rush, you would have raised the topic of naval edged weapons) very well, thoroughly and readable you succeed hi
        2. +5
          13 February 2021 17: 34
          Quote: Hunter 2
          Well done Leader of the Redskins (Igor

          From this moment on in more detail, Igor or Nazariy? what
          1. +6
            13 February 2021 17: 37
            Quote: Kote Pan Kokhanka

            From this moment on in more detail, Igor or Nazariy? what

            Leader, he is Nazariy, he is Igor request Judging by the signature under the article - Igor Maleev, which of the above Pseudonym - Unknown belay !
            Apparently hiding from ex-wives or justice laughing
            1. +4
              13 February 2021 17: 51
              Quote: Hunter 2
              Quote: Kote Pan Kokhanka

              From this moment on in more detail, Igor or Nazariy? what

              Leader, he is Nazariy, he is Igor request Judging by the signature under the article - Igor Maleev, which of the above Pseudonym - Unknown belay !
              Apparently hiding from ex-wives or justice laughing

              Judging by the photo Kliment Voroshilov II what
              1. +6
                13 February 2021 17: 54
                Quote: Kote Pan Kokhanka

                Judging by the photo Kliment Voroshilov II what

                Yeah, with the turret turned laughing
                Ps Leader, Nazarius, Igor, Clement - this is friendly feel
          2. +7
            13 February 2021 17: 53
            The leader's name is Igor, and the nickname Nazariy was invented by his daughter. smile
            1. +6
              13 February 2021 17: 55
              Thanks Konstantin for the clarification, otherwise .... drinks
          3. +5
            13 February 2021 18: 37
            Igor. They wrote it right down there - the child here made out for me))) And now articles cannot be printed under pseudonyms.
      2. +7
        13 February 2021 16: 57
        HOW Leader! Thank you very much for continuing the cycle !!!
        And then I was really upset, there is no continuation and no, but the moment came and on our street a van with kerzachs, well, or with Polish "lentils" turned over!
        Creative successes Nazariy!
      3. +4
        13 February 2021 18: 20
        Igor, hello and best wishes. smile
        Who is next in line? Czechs go? They also had some kind of army. smile drinks
        1. +5
          13 February 2021 18: 38
          Handed over Italy. I hope they will publish it in three or four days)
          1. +6
            13 February 2021 18: 39
            Let's hope they won't.
        2. +4
          13 February 2021 18: 38
          Hi Constantine. The Chekhovs had a normal army, only there was no fighting spirit and the government was very fearful.
          At the end of the mobilization, the Czechs had 21 infantry and four "fast" divisions. Plus another 1st PD, which was deployed to mobilize in the Prague District. A total of 26 divisions of field troops.
          There were also two "groups".
          Total: 40 and a half settlement divisions - 1,25 million people.
          The Germans in 1938 in Czechoslovakia confiscated: planes - 1582, anti-aircraft guns - 501, anti-tank guns - 780, field guns - 2175, mortars - 785, tanks and armored cars - 469, machine guns - 43876, rifles - 1090000, pistols - 114000, cartridges - more than a billion shells - more than 3 million, armored trains - 17.
          They helped "arm" the Wehrmacht well, actually throughout the War they worked tirelessly.
          1. +3
            13 February 2021 18: 41
            Lyosha, hello. Yes, I am aware of all this, that's why I wrote "some kind of army", meaning, of course, not weapons and equipment. smile
      4. 0
        14 February 2021 21: 24
        And about the shoes that are worn in modern armies, is anything planned?
    2. +6
      13 February 2021 15: 24
      Quote: Phil77
      In the letter, he described everything in detail and accurately enough. He also indicated the necessary ways to eliminate the size discrepancy.

      Yes, it would be interesting to read a letter dated April 30, 1938 from Army inspector Major General Tadeusz Piskor about the problem of using footwear from mobilization stocks. hi
    3. +6
      13 February 2021 18: 37
      Seryoga, hello! drinks
      Submitting an idea for an article, your topic, check it out! soldier
      1. +4
        13 February 2021 18: 42
        Yes, an interesting photo. The hardest thing for the soldier on the far left. How much did this machine gun weigh? But I just heard that the legendary Yuri Vlasov died.
        1. +6
          13 February 2021 18: 51
          Vlasov was not only a weightlifter, but also an intelligent, erudite person. I am truly sorry.
          "Lewis" weighed 11,8 kg. length 1283 mm.
          1. AUL
            +4
            13 February 2021 19: 09
            By the way, I was always interested in the question - why is the barrel cooling system not used now, like in Lewis? seemingly both effective and not heavy. Anything more convenient than replaceable barrels!
            1. +5
              13 February 2021 19: 17
              Quote from AUL
              By the way, I was always interested in the question - why is the barrel cooling system not used now, like in Lewis? seemingly both effective and not heavy. Anything more convenient than replaceable barrels!

              Why not use it? Our domestic Pecheneg.
              The machine gun uses a system of forced air cooling of the barrel due to the energy of the powder gases. The adjustable gas venting mechanism allows Pecheneg to operate in any climatic conditions. The barrel has external ribbing and is enclosed in a metal casing. Powder gases, leaving the barrel, create a vacuum zone in the front of the casing. In the back of the casing, special ventilation windows are made. Thus, while firing, cold air is continuously pumped along the barrel. Constant barrel cooling reduces dispersion during firing and also increases barrel durability.
              The barrel resource is 25-30 thousand shots when firing in intensive modes.

              hi
              1. +5
                13 February 2021 19: 18

                I forgot to upload his photo. I am getting better.
                1. +2
                  13 February 2021 19: 47
                  Hi Vladislav. hi
                  Interestingly, and in other countries use a similar cooling system, as in the "Pecheneg"? I don’t know something. There is information?
                  1. +2
                    13 February 2021 21: 25
                    Something tried to do in Israel and Belgium failed. I read in the magazine Foreign Military Review long ago when I was in school. Something about small-caliber guns is still spinning in my head, but here I can get it wrong. We must wait for VikNik, he will pull something out of his bins!
                    1. 0
                      13 February 2021 21: 30
                      Vic Nick will definitely pull something out. smile
              2. AUL
                +4
                13 February 2021 19: 23
                Thank! It just looks like this casing is somehow not noticeable, and somehow I did not read the description!
            2. +4
              13 February 2021 19: 24
              The weight. And removable barrels are carried by the second number, or the third, and it is more reliable with them.
              PKM weight on bipod - 9 kg. the difference is palpable.
      2. +4
        13 February 2021 19: 15

        There are pros for this. hi
        1. +4
          13 February 2021 19: 26
          We have our pros here, in this particular case - you. So write. "We write with skates" (c) - but at least what, with you article and do not be lazy! drinks
          1. +4
            13 February 2021 19: 36
            And here is an interesting fact of the combat use of skates!
            1. +5
              13 February 2021 19: 43
              Well, dashing trouble is the beginning. good drinks
      3. +5
        13 February 2021 19: 40
        [Center][/ Center
        Here's another photo from a different angle. wink
  3. -4
    13 February 2021 15: 29
    The boots rubbed their feet and wore out for a very long time, as they were sewn from thick leather.

    Interestingly, what is rubbing their head so much now?
    1. +3
      13 February 2021 15: 45
      Envy, dear Lipchanin)
      1. -4
        13 February 2021 15: 46
        Quote: Alien From
        Envy, dear Lipchanin)

        And not pathological Russophobia?
        1. +1
          13 February 2021 15: 52
          And this is certainly also) in the 90s, driving a car through Poland was an extremely difficult lot, worse than the Nazis they ripped off.
          1. 0
            13 February 2021 16: 02
            Quote: Alien From
            in the 90s, driving a car through Poland was an extremely difficult lot, worse than the Nazis ripped off.

            At that time, my acquaintance was a "shuttlewoman" there.
            Didn't seem to say anything bad request
            True, she only dealt with the hucksters, all other issues were decided by the "elders" in the group.
            Not for that, of course, he was paid in advance how much he said, but they did not take much
  4. +5
    13 February 2021 15: 44
    Thanks to the author, the topic, as they say, is "entered" hi
  5. +8
    13 February 2021 16: 06
    Great article. Not stretched out, without water, everything is on the case.
    Photos are generally super!
    We look forward to continuing!
  6. +4
    13 February 2021 16: 30
    Interestingly, after WWII, the Polish Army switched to the "tarpaulin" or did they remain in their boots? (Somehow I did not pay attention to this)
    The article is informative, the author is credit
    1. +4
      13 February 2021 17: 14
      I can't say how it happened right away - if you believe the old Polish films about the war and the post-war years, then native "kirzachs" flickered. But since 1958 - 5-eye boots with red leather sewn on. Like the American ones, 1945 model.
      1. +3
        13 February 2021 17: 50
        Rakhmat, for the answer!
      2. -1
        15 February 2021 08: 19
        Quote: Leader of the Redskins
        But since 1958 - 5-eye boots with red leather sewn on. Like the American ones, 1945 model.

        The upper sewn on to the short boots is an original Austrian invention. It turned out to be a kind of lace-up boot.
  7. +3
    13 February 2021 17: 17
    ... The boots rubbed their feet and wore out for a very long time, as they were sewn from thick leather ...
    ... Some of them were shod by mobilized Poles when on September 1939, XNUMX ...

    But they did not have time to carry them ... However, they did not have time to carry them to many places ... Such a year ... request
  8. +3
    13 February 2021 17: 54
    I saw the word "ambition".
    My wonderful grandmother (Ts. E. N.) used to say about the Poles: "For a pound of ambition, for a penny of ammunition."
  9. The comment was deleted.
  10. +5
    13 February 2021 18: 16
    "Cherevichki" of the Polish Army.
    TroopsPolish
    1. +5
      13 February 2021 18: 46
      This, it seems, is wz 58. If the socks are cut-off - early series, solid - late)
    2. +3
      13 February 2021 19: 21
      Quote: AlexVas44
      "Cherevichki" of the Polish Army.
      TroopsPolish

      Shitty marching, apparently rubbed legs! laughing
      1. +6
        13 February 2021 19: 44
        Exactly! That's how it should be!
        laughing
      2. +5
        13 February 2021 19: 50
        And of course the immortal from the legendary film!
        - They are beautiful.
        -Intelligentsia!
        laughing
        1. +4
          13 February 2021 21: 01
          Seryozha, hello! )))
          Where you are, there is a holiday!
          Eyelets, yes ... I also saw it in the text, compared it quantitatively and realized that these are holes through which the laces are threaded.
          Holes - ugh, how unromantic!
          Eyelets - sharmaaaan!
          And the shoes are what you need. Only for some reason it seems to me that the high ankle will rub the lower leg from behind.
          1. +3
            13 February 2021 21: 16
            Good evening Lyudmila Yakovlevna!
            To be honest, I don’t know. Will it rub, will it? I walked urgently in boots and since then I have somehow avoided shoes with high tops. laughing Without need, of course. But visually, of course, these shoes look, yes! Even now. wink
            1. +4
              13 February 2021 21: 32
              Quote: Phil77
              Good evening Lyudmila Yakovlevna!
              To be honest, I don’t know. Will it rub, will it? I walked urgently in boots and since then I have somehow avoided shoes with high tops. laughing Without need, of course. But visually, of course, these shoes look, yes! Even now. wink

              The dream of a fisherman and a hunter is Sergey's nightmare !!!



              No kidding, this suit was in service with us at the initial stage of the Great Patriotic War.
              1. +3
                13 February 2021 21: 55
                What kind of jokes? The ability to row the oars is the first thing an infantryman has! wassat )))
        2. +1
          15 February 2021 08: 31
          Quote: Phil77
          - They are beautiful.
          -Intelligentsia!

          Looks like Zurab from the Comedy Club. In another revolutionary film they talked about Austrian boots, I don’t remember which one, maybe “Optimistic tragedy”, they say, “and copper rivets, here and there”. In the navy, such "reptiles" were called (work boots "yuft"), and the name in the literature can be traced back to tsarist times.
  11. +11
    14 February 2021 04: 26
    It's a memory
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UVIZhgSmUP0&ab_channel=G.Vitkovskiy
  12. -1
    14 February 2021 13: 41
    for a small victorious war, that's it.