Sergey Maslov. Peasant patriot

We want to tell about one of the outstanding representatives of the Russian peasant movement - Sergey Semenovich Maslov.

Maslov Sergey Semenovich (1887, Nizhnedevitsk Voronezh Province. - 1965, Czechoslovakia) - agronomist, political leader of the peasant movement in Russia.

S. S. Maslov and his wife.

Born into a peasant family, graduated from a city school 6-class. During the revolution, 1905 participated in the revolutionary movement in Kharkov.

In 1906, he joined the Socialist Revolutionary Party.

After graduating from the agronomical school, S. S. Maslov began his working career in one of the estates of the Sumy district of the Kharkov province. True, in September 1907 was forced to hide under the threat of arrest - after the organization of the peasant strike.

During this period, he acquired both the first party work experience among the peasantry and the experience of organizing consumer and credit societies. S. S. Maslov worked part-time lessons and the publication of articles on agricultural topics.

Having tried to get a job as an agricultural department secretary in the Zhytomyr provincial district council in 1911, S. S. Maslov was forced to hide from the police. Later he worked as a local agronomist, then he left the service. In December of the same year - he was arrested again and spent more than a year in the Kharkov prison. And in 1913, the city of S. S. Maslov refers to the city of Pinega, Arkhangelsk Province. The exile was lucky - in honor of the 300 anniversary of the house of the Romanovs, the term of exile was reduced by a year. Then S. S. Maslov worked in the Vologda Agricultural Society. At the same time he was the editor of the Northern Host journal. It was this period that shaped the thoughts on the direction of the development of the village with S. S. Maslov. In the same period, the closest circle of contacts was formed - well-known Vologda cooperators, mostly members of the Social Revolutionary Party.

Until April 1916, Mr. S. Maslov worked in the Union of Cities - and left after quarrels with his superiors. In search of work, he found himself in the organization of N. V. Tchaikovsky, who provided food aid to the population of the front line, and then his life led him to the Moscow flax association. In February 1917, Mr. S. Maslov was in Vologda - working as an agronomist.

A meeting of the Social Revolutionaries of Moscow, Petrograd and Vologda was held at the apartment of S. S. Maslov at the beginning of February 1917. It was decided to establish a regional party center in Vologda, starting illegal work. And after the February Revolution, on the initiative of S. S. Maslov, an Interim Government Committee was created in Vologda. S. S. Maslov had a chance to participate in the arrest of the governor and the disarmament of the gendarme department.

In April 1917, Mr. S. Maslov - Chairman of the Petrograd Organizing Committee of the All-Russian Congress of Peasant Deputies. The peasant gubernia congress was held by him in late May - early June in Vologda. It is indicative that the work of the 4 congress in May was opened by S. S. Maslov, and was elected a deputy chairman of the congress. 20 May, he became a member of the executive committee of the All-Russian Council of Peasant Deputies. Moreover, 745 votes were cast for S. S. Maslov, while 20 votes were received for V. I. Lenin, 8 for A. M. Gorky, and 7 votes for M. A. Spiridonov.

By September, the 1917 in the province was up to 2 thousand Social Revolutionaries. The party won the election to the Constituent Assembly - and S. S. Maslov was among the deputies elected from the Vologda province.

In the post-October period, the Vologda Socialist-Revolutionaries decided to cooperate with the anti-Bolshevik underground organization, the Union of Russia's Renaissance. The most active activists of the latter are S. S. Maslov and A. F. Dedusenko. The preparation of the anti-Bolshevik uprising began in Vologda, and S. S. Maslov led the military department of the Union.

In early July, S. S. Maslov 1918 left for Arkhangelsk (the “Union of Russian Revival” planned to create an interim government in this city), having managed to “intercept” N. Tchaikovsky, who was going to Siberia to become part of the Directory, convincing the latter arrive in Arkhangelsk, leading the government of the Northern region. S. S. Maslov became Minister of War, and in the fall of 1918, the civil governor of Arkhangelsk. He worked in the Arkhangelsk government 2 of the month (02. 08. - 20. 09. 1918 g.).

Then S. S. Maslov went to Siberia - to establish relations with the Siberian and All-Russian governments. The arrival of S. S. Maslov in Omsk coincided with the overthrow of the Directory by Admiral A. V. Kolchak.

S. A. Maslov refused to cooperate with A. V. Kolchak and his government.

Soon after, counterintelligence began to search for him, and S. S. Maslov tried to go to Vladivostok. I could not get a passport, and he went to Tomsk, where he lived, being in an illegal situation, before 15. 06. 1919

Later he moved across the front in the area of ​​Zlatoust, but when he tried to move into the depths of Russia, he was detained and taken to Ufa.

In Ufa, S. S. Maslov was soon again arrested and sent to Moscow to the VChK under a reinforced convoy. The newspaper "Red North" noted that the "prodigal son" came home - with a knapsack on his back, he secretly crossed the front line, arrived in the city of Ufa and repented of all the sins. Now, as noted, S. S. Maslov is in Moscow, but, probably due to his repentance of political mistakes, he will be released.

Indeed, S. S. Maslov was released after the inquiry - on bail. For punitive bodies, personal recognition was a key factor - S. S. Maslov claimed that he firmly decided to move away from the political struggle, engaging in cultural work.

Having settled in Moscow to work, as early as December 1920, Mr. S. Maslov organizes an illegal political cell - “Peasant Russia” - which included teachers and students of the Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. He was arrested again and released.

Persecution and political plans made S. S. Maslov an emigrant. 18. 08. 1921 r. He left for Poland, arriving in October in Prague.

In emigration, S. S. Maslov ponders the events that took place in Russia, considers the role of the peasantry in the past - as he believed, fundamental. S. S. Maslov - one of the founders of the labor party "Peasant Russia".

In addition to organizational and political activities, S. S. Maslov was engaged in scientific creativity, publicly speaking. In 1923 - 1924 lectured at the Prague Russian People’s University, led the foreign department of the Institute for Russian Studies, the Committee on Practical Problems of Rural Life, and became one of the founders of the Russian Writers' Union and journalists. In the 30-s, repeatedly making reports, traveled to Germany, France, Serbia, Bulgaria.

The key task of the leader of the peasant party is to establish contacts with the USSR.

S. S. Maslov believed that the peasantry and the Cossacks are the basis of the state life of Russia. The peasantry colonized the new territories, completed the army, created most of the national wealth, 2 / 3 taxpayers lived in the village. At the same time, the government (both imperial and communist) saw in the peasantry only a means for the development of the state - not paying attention to the needs of the village and squeezing excessive taxes from the village. The political powerlessness of the village, emphasized S. S. Maslov, is unfair to the peasantry and is dangerous for the state. But the Soviet government will not change its policy towards the peasantry - because by its nature communist government is hostile to the peasant. This is not surprising - after all, the peasant himself and the worker, and the owner, and communism wants to kill any economic independence, and only the need to feed the state makes the Soviet government temporarily tolerate the "petty-bourgeois peasant system." And the power of the peasantry is afraid - by destroying the attempts to unite the latter and splitting the village (the poor, middle peasants, kulaks became the subject of various policies by the authorities). The goal of “Peasant Russia” is to help the peasantry organize itself in order to achieve “people’s rule”.

Protecting state unity, the peasant party called for the introduction of a fair (progressive) tax system, to evenly distribute their burden between the village and the city, to consolidate the land used by each peasant, to promote cooperation, to develop agriculture. In industry, enterprises should be transferred to private owners. In the sphere of foreign policy - to pursue a peace-loving policy aimed at restoring the interests of Russia.

When collectivization began, S. S. Maslov called on his peasant supporters in Russia to actively fight, even to the point of terror. But the Stalinist repressions against the peasants - “the elimination of the kulaks as a class” and the drive of the peasantry into collective farms — led to the fact that during 1930's the party lost its support in the USSR, and its number decreased abroad.

In 1937, Mr. S. Maslov published the book “Collective Farm Russia”, which became his political testament.

The émigré party organization existed until 1939.

After the attack on the Soviet Union of Germany, S. S. Maslov took a patriotic stance and was arrested several times by the Gestapo, hitting the concentration camp at the end of the war. In the concentration camp, S. S. Maslov was released by the Soviet Army, and then re-arrested.

In 1945, he was deported to the USSR, and after his release he returned to Czechoslovakia.

S. S. Maslov tried to be one of the first to rehabilitate the Russian peasantry, dropping from him the accusations of political passivity and social disorganization. Based on the experience of the development of European agriculture, he predicted a powerful rise in the Russian village, a rise in the level of culture and education of rural residents, and a boost in economic activity in the village. S. S. Maslov, as well as other economists of the neo-Narodnik trend, opposed the universalization of industrialism — the latter was clearly manifested in both Marxist and liberal discrimination of the peasantry and agriculture.

On the whole, S. S. Maslov’s forecast for the future of Russia was moderately optimistic, and this man who fought his entire adult life for the social reorganization of society and arrested by the imperial secret service, the White Guard and Czech counterintelligence, the Cheka and the Gestapo, was a true patriot of Russia.

Literature

Maslov S. Socialism and "Peasant Russia" // Bulletin of Peasant Russia. 1925. No. 4-5 (July).
Shprygov A.P. Vologda cooperative S.S. Maslov // History and culture of the Vologda region: 3-I regional scientific-practical conference. Vologda, 1990.
Vinogradov, I. A. // Vologda: local history almanac. 2003. Issue 4 .; Kurenyshev A. A. Peasant organizations of the Russian diaspora // Questions of history. 2008.
Chedurova EM. Development of cooperative principles in national historiography // Tomsk State University Bulletin. 2008. No. 307.
M. Sokolov. Political and Publishing Activities of Sergey Maslov in Emigration in 1921-1924 // Sat. scientific tr. SPb., 2010.
Nikulin A. M. The Russian Peasant through the Eyes of Sergei Semenovich Maslov // Man. 2012. No. 3.
Markov S. А. Secretary General (life and political vicissitudes of Sergey Maslov) // Raising. 2013. No. 3.
Berlov A.V. Views of non-Narodnik scientists of the Russian emigration on the agrarian development of Russia (1920-1930-s) // Space and Time. 2015. No. 1-2.
He is. The ideological foundations of S. S. Maslov's agrarian theory: (scientific thought of Russian emigration 1920-1930-ies) // Bulletin of Samara State University. 2015. No. 1.
He is. Historiography of Russian Agrarian Scientific Thought in Russian Abroad 1920-1930's // Bulletin of Nizhny Novgorod University. N. I. Lobachevsky. 2015. No. 3.

Comments

[Reptiloid]

Thank you for the story about a man of interesting fate. I did not know anything about him ..

[210ox]

The fate of man ... He also did not know about him .. How interesting she is ... Somehow he is forever penitent and forever ticklish, the secret police, the White Guards, the Cheka, the Gestapo, the NKV
D ... Something from the adventurer. But this is my opinion.

Quote: Reptiloid

Thank you for the story about a man of interesting fate. I did not know anything about him ..

[210ox]

I also want to add .. If he lived until 1968, he would certainly climb onto the barricades and catch a bullet .. By the logic of things ..

Quote: 210ox

The fate of man ... He also did not know about him .. How interesting she is ... Somehow he is forever penitent and forever ticklish, the secret police, the White Guards, the Cheka, the Gestapo, the NKV
D ... Something from the adventurer. But this is my opinion.

Quote: Reptiloid

Thank you for the story about a man of interesting fate. I did not know anything about him ..

[Reptiloid]

I was interested in his long life, first of all, despite the fact that how many times he could leave it by force. And how many opponents and dissent were for all the time!. That's what! And his various qualities.

[210ox]

Dmitry, I agree with you .. It seems that apart from the relatives (who naturally loved him, an example of a photo) there were opponents around ... The person had certain beliefs.

Quote: Reptiloid

I was interested in his long life, first of all, despite the fact that how many times he could leave it by force. And how many opponents and dissent were for all the time!. That's what! And his various qualities.

[210ox]

And yet ... The fact that the author called this person "an outstanding figure in the Russian peasant movement" is an exaggeration. He is an ordinary emigrant. He worked for something, published something .. What benefit did it bring to our state?

Quote: 210ox

Dmitry, I agree with you .. It seems that apart from the relatives (who naturally loved him, an example of a photo) there were opponents around ... The person had certain beliefs.

Quote: Reptiloid

I was interested in his long life, first of all, despite the fact that how many times he could leave it by force. And how many opponents and dissent were for all the time!. That's what! And his various qualities.

[Reptiloid]

Quote: 210ox

And yet ... The fact that the author called this person "an outstanding figure in the Russian peasant movement" is an exaggeration. He is an ordinary emigrant. He worked for something, published something .. What benefit did it bring to our state?

Under the tsar, no one thought of the peasantry at all, even under the serfdom, even after him. Only forces pulled. No scientific basis, no improvement in the lives of peasants. How many did not read ---- no hint, even. Although there were some individual ascetics, on the whole, the authorities were not interested in securing a Western lifestyle with a huge difference in climate and productivity. It’s shown to me that Maslov thought about the peasantry as people, and not as slaves or cattle. While Stolypin’s reforms are generally not for the people, but for the bourgeois masters.

[210ox]

The namesake, let me disagree with you in Stolypin’s reforms. Well, the bourgeoisie, by the way, is more in the cities, in the landowner villages, the peasants are “fists” (as they called themselves “reference owners). But people lived in a community, so to speak, like a“ collective farm ” "in the old regime .. So Stolypin destroyed this" collective farm ", moving the peasants to farms, including the development of untouched lands in the east. He sought as much as possible of those same" reference owners ".. About the peasants he didn’t even think about cattle. I personally consider Stolypin’s murder a tragedy before the Second Patriotic war. But you are right in that at that time the position of the peasantry was of little concern to those in power. And Stolypin first began to solve the land issue, and then the Bolsheviks picked it up.

Quote: Reptiloid

Quote: 210ox

And yet ... The fact that the author called this person "an outstanding figure in the Russian peasant movement" is an exaggeration. He is an ordinary emigrant. He worked for something, published something .. What benefit did it bring to our state?

Under the tsar, no one thought of the peasantry at all, even under the serfdom, even after him. Only forces pulled. No scientific basis, no improvement in the lives of peasants. How many did not read ---- no hint, even. Although there were some individual ascetics, on the whole, the authorities were not interested in securing a Western lifestyle with a huge difference in climate and productivity. It’s shown to me that Maslov thought about the peasantry as people, and not as slaves or cattle. While Stolypin’s reforms are generally not for the people, but for the bourgeois masters.

[Reptiloid]

I allow myself to disagree with you, dear namesake. The peasants were strong community, it helped them survive and regulated their lives. It was local power .. When it was destroyed, there was an illusion of the appearance of zealous owners. But large landowners would have appeared, and small ones would not have been able to survive. Since it would have prevented this through the strip, since during the redistribution it turned out that the land allotments of the family were not nearby. These small plots would have been sold, and their former owners would have gone to a city that had all of them (somewhere the figure was supposed) about 20 million. They would not have a job, or even for a penny. Probably, Elena Prudnikova, suggested that then a revolution would have been much earlier. Something went wrong with the relocation as well, despite the benefits. I can say about the assassination attempts on Stolypin that there were many of them and he was fearless, but for some reason they happened, and the murder itself is very strange. But Maslov was an agronomist and this is respected. Although it is not known whether he could offer the peasants that in essence. Maybe. After all, he somehow saved himself and died his death.

[Reptiloid]

The idea came up with a comparison with 90. Somehow the owners of large enterprises and agricultural holdings turned out. And how individual citizens of the reform carried over everything they saw, and how that with demography.

[210ox]

But it turned out like ... The one who had the means of production, expensive equipment, working capital, access to soft loans (these are former heads and leading specialists of farms, party workers) got up ..

Quote: Reptiloid

The idea came up with a comparison with 90. Somehow the owners of large enterprises and agricultural holdings turned out. And how individual citizens of the reform carried over everything they saw, and how that with demography.

[Olgovich]

Another thief twisted by the thief .... Although he himself had a hand in this ...
Although, in some ways, it was lucky: the overwhelming majority of the deputies of the Constituent Assembly destroyed the Bolsheviks, including ... the deputies of the Bolsheviks themselves.

[Reptiloid]

Quote: Olgovich

Another thief twisted fate .....

And how did the Great October Socialist Revolution distort his fate?

[Sweetheart]

Quote: Reptiloid

And how did the Great October Socialist Revolution distort his fate?

But what about ... all the bakery crunches, as well as those who think of themselves as countesses, were surely corrected their fate - instead of a manka and fenka in the bathhouse, while the Vanka was in the field, they kicked him in the ass, and sent them to Paris as taxi drivers and buskies to work ... that instead of a manor’s estate .. under a bridge over the Seine in a cardboard box turned out to be. well, such is the reckoning for eating three throats. yes mocking people. sucking out all the juice from the country.
Actually the attempt to derogate the Great October Revolution. To call it “thief” by olgovich, speaks of only one pathology of thinking caused by an extreme degree of Russophobia.
For example, it doesn’t occur to anyone in France to call their Great Revolution that way, in England Cromwell’s affairs are not condemned, but here .. here the Olgovichs are amnueli, jump out of short pants, throw pots in the sandbox. Trying to spread mud on the greatest accomplishment of the Russian people .

[Reptiloid]

Quote: The Swordsman

Actually, an attempt to derogate the Great October Revolution. To call it “thief” by olgovich, speaks of only one pathology of thinking .......

Oh forgot Olgovich name for February come up !!!!! This is not right .... But if so ---- FARBDR ????? What does the February Anti-Russian-bourgeois-democratic revolution mean. Six months after it there was massive unemployment, although labor was required. There weren’t enough products despite raw materials. And what measures were taken to prevent a crisis? Devastation? And organs, institutions, unions were created in addition to the "revolutionary - democratic."

[Sweetheart]

Quote: Olgovich

Although, in some ways, it was lucky: the overwhelming majority of the deputies of the Constituent Assembly destroyed the Bolsheviks, including ... the deputies of the Bolsheviks themselves.

another exhaust ... why are you so puzzled. Olgovich?
"On June 30, 1918, power passed from the West Siberian Commissariat to the Provisional Siberian Government, which in fact was a Cadet government by its political essence, and the White Guards, Cossack formations and Czechoslovak legionaries became its military support. The new power annulled all the decrees of the Soviet Republic and returned capitalists and other private owners of their nationalized property, restored the death penalty [78].

Not only in Siberia, but also in other regions of Russia, members of the Constituent Assembly were the inspirers and organizers of several more anti-Soviet governments. In particular, in the south of Russia in Yekaterinodar, a Committee of members of the Constituent Assembly was created, headed by the right-wing Social Revolutionary, the former head of the Petrograd Duma G.I. Schrader. In Arkhangelsk, with the help of the armed forces of the USA, England and France, the pro-founding Provisional Government of the Northern Region arose, consisting mainly of right-wing Social Revolutionaries, headed by the deputy of the Constituent Assembly, enes N.V. Tchaikovsky "
And are they worthy of stroking their heads? Well, they stroked them at the wall. In the camp, on business and flour.
And here it is .... at all, judging by the hallucinations of olgovich. And here the Red Guilty .. "On December 22, 1918, as a result of the anti-Kolchak uprising, political prisoners were freed, including members of the Constituent Assembly arrested in Ufa. But the uprising was unsuccessful and the Kolchak authorities issued an order to return to prison under the threat of execution of the released prisoners.Some Socialist Revolutionaries and Mensheviks, including a group of members of the Constituent Assembly, decided not to tempt fate and voluntarily returned to prison. On the night of 22 n. and on December 23, reactionary officers from Kolchak’s entourage took about 10 surrendered deputies from prison and shot them without trial.In words, Kolchak condemned this lynching and even set up an investigation commission to investigate the tragedy, but there are serious reasons to believe that Kolchak was invisibly behind this violence. "
Interesting material, the Olgovichi are extremely displeased with such materials.
https://studwood.ru/1250627/istoriya/sudba_chleno
v_idei_uchreditelnogo_sobraniya

[Olgovich]

Quote: The Swordsman

the next exhaust... why are you so puffs.Olgovich?

Quote: The Swordsman

And are these worthy of being patted on the head?

The fact is that hundreds of People's Deputies of the Constituent Assembly of Russiaelected in the FIRST free global general election remaining in Russia after the War Grad were mainly destroyed "popular" power, which no one .... did not choose. The most interesting thing is that the Bolshevik deputies themselves were destroyed .. in packs. Let’s look at the deputies, for example. "AND"?
ALL who stayed after the civil war in the country-destroyed. Only those few survived who were able to leave the "kingdom of freedom." Etc. the rest of the letters.

This is how the "popular" power was afraid of the true choice of the people!
Tie a knot on Memory

[Sweetheart]

Quote: Olgovich

The fact is that hundreds of People’s Deputies of the Constituent Assembly of Russia, elected in the FIRST free general elections in the world, remaining in Russia after the War Grad, were mainly destroyed by the “people's” power,

Ugh ... what a lie ... How about the INSUFFICIENCY of CSS, due to the lack of a quorum?
Why is there such a painful passion for the fate of those who decided to position themselves in society as the Red Boyars, stirred up all sorts of conspiracies, directly worked against the country? You are always on the side of the traitors. You and the Reds are “patriot and Vlasov“ hero ”, if only they are against the USSR fought.
You still shed a dubious tear about the bohemian philosophical ship and the suffering of Bunin ...

Quote: Olgovich

This is how the "popular" power was afraid of the true choice of the people!

Whom? The former? Worthless. Those who turned out to be on the side of those who killed the Russian people? Uh ... amnuela always confuse who is valuable for history and who remains in history with the stigma of Judas.
So you can tie ... um ... a knot, like Stolypinsky, for a long memory of how the dubious cases and fuss against Russia in any of its forms end.

[Olgovich]

Quote: The Swordsman

Fu ... what a lie.

Refute the "lie"! But you. You can not
And again, FACTS and NUMBERS are given to you, and from you is an empty CHAT. Shame .....

Quote: The Swordsman

..How about the INSUFFICIENCY there, due to the lack of a quorum?

What is such a "quorum?" Even the foreign tourist did not give this argument during acceleration. Do you consider yourself smarter than him?

Quote: The Swordsman

Where such a painful passion for fate those who decided to position themselves in society as a red-faced boyar, stirred up various kinds of conspiracies, directly worked against country? You are always on the side traitors..

These are the fates of PEOPLE, Citizens of Russia, People’s Elects of Russia!
But where is such painful impudence to speak on behalf of a country that has NEVER elected you or authorized you for anything? ? She chose precisely those who were shot and expelled by you. But not you: you just lost the trust of the people.

[Sweetheart]

Quote: Olgovich

These are the fates of PEOPLE, Citizens of Russia, People’s Elects of Russia!

Garbage. The country did not accept them.
That's all, you can shed tears, moan. But the fact is a stubborn thing-US was a worthless undertaking.

[Olgovich]

Quote: The Swordsman

Garbage. The country did not accept them.

The country CHOSEN them, not you.
Therefore, you have no right to speak on behalf of the country.

Quote: The Swordsman

All you can shed tears, moan

You shed tears, losers of all and all losers. And it was you, as history has shown, that you ended up

Quote: The Swordsman

worthless undertaking

[Karenius]

Olgovich, I strongly disagree with this. The Trotskyists and their minions (from among the Russians sold) fulfilled their task - they broke the ridge of the Russian ethnos ... True, an unexpected thing happened ... Georgian Stalin appeared who saved this very Russian ethnos, along with many other ethnoses ... But its legacy can be isolated and destroyed, which is done by other methods already.

[Sweetheart]

Quote: Olgovich

The country CHOSEN them

To the landfill.

Quote: Olgovich

Therefore, you have no right to speak on behalf of the country.

You generally should not speak on behalf of the country. Russophobes are generally contraindicated in the name of the country to speak. Everything turns out to be muddy at the exit.

Quote: Olgovich

You shed tears, losers of all and all losers.

Finally, you confessed through the cry "Yaroslavny"?
I remember a certain Chubais, there he was kicking, supposedly the last nail. So, yes, well, as an accomplice of Chubais, everything went well with you as you wish, or not?
For the development of memory. Who did what and what the country is based on to this day, study.http: //maxpark.com/community/4109
/ content / 6395759

[Basil50]

The description of life is inaccurate, much is smoothed out.
The * revolt * of the Social Revolutionaries was a preparation for the English occupation of the north of RUSSIA, right up to the Volga. He went to Kolchak as an ally. And then he did not give up punitive ideas, otherwise he would not have been met in Poland.
In general, the path is not described as politics, but as an action movie. Something similar to Savinkov.
Neither the tsar, nor the provisional, nor the SOVIET AUTHORITY suited such. Up to the Socialist-Revolutionary revolt in the SOVIET government of the Socialist-Revolutionaries there was a majority.
The path of a professional squabbler with ambitions is described.

[Reptiloid]

Quote: Vasily50

The * revolt * of the Social Revolutionaries was a preparation for the English occupation of the north of RUSSIA, right up to the Volga. He went to Kolchak as an ally. .....

However, ---- died his death many years later. That's how it happened !!!!!!. I did not know anything of this, as well as everything else. But the figure is interesting.

[Basil50]

Yeah. I read the comments about the peasantry. Do not consider the peasants idiots. The victory in the Civil War was won by the peasants, since they immediately understood who it was worth fighting for. And the formation of collective farms, contrary to the writings of the liberals and other hollow breeds, took place with the consent of the peasants. Already during the GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR, among the peasants there were both millionaires and very wealthy. My grandmother managed to earn more than three thousand workdays per year.
It was already under Khrushchev that both the land and cooperative enterprises were taken into state ownership and the cooperatives were dissolved.

[Reptiloid]

Quote: Vasily50

..... The peasants won the Civil War, they knew right away who it was worth fighting for. And the formation of collective farms, contrary to the writings of the liberals and other hollow breeds, took place with the consent of the peasants. Already during the GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR among the peasants ......

During the GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR, those who remembered life well under the king were alive. They knew they could compare !!!!! Defended the Soviet Motherland!
During the Second World War there were partisan detachments. Like in the Patriotic War of 1812. People fought with the enemy without being in military service.

[Aviator_]

That's right, about the Soviet collective farm peasantry. Here is one collective farmer, Ferapont Golovaty, even bought an 2 aircraft at his own expense, and the Bolshoi Theater artists bought a plane for the front.

[apro]

The ordinary dreamer of peasant anarchism owes nothing to anyone. But progress dictates its conditions. Industrialization with the Reds brought the country to a new level. The small owner is a brake on the country.

[Albatroz]

What anarchism? After all, anarchism denies statehood.
And the party of S. Maslov

protecting state unity, she called for the introduction of a fair (progressive) tax system, evenly distributing their burden between the village and the city, securing the ownership of each peasant’s land used by him, promoting cooperation, and developing agriculture. In industry, enterprises should be transferred to private owners. In the sphere of foreign policy - to pursue a peace-loving policy aimed at restoring the interests of Russia.

Peasant Russia.
Is this not a peculiar Bolshevism? After all, the majority in Russia were precisely peasants

[apro]

The Russian peasant denies any state. The civil war is a confirmation of this. Beat the whites until they turn red and beat the reds until they turn white.
Yes, the Reds built the USSR at the expense of the peasantry. There were no other options at that time. And the peasantry in the form of small owners resisted this. The small owner wants to be a big owner and dictate his prices to the state.

[Albatroz]

dictate prices to the state

dictating more than what the market allows is impossible.

Russian peasant denies any state

The Russian peasant is a state bond.
Remember, at least, that the peasantry (the main force of the militia of 1612) saved Russia in the years of the first Troubles.
At the beginning of the 20th century, if memory serves, the proletariat made up only 3% of the population. Therefore, it was a question of his DICTATURE. By what right is it interesting?

hit the whites until they turn red and hit the red ones until they turn white.

This is the slogan of the Old Man from the movie Adjutant of His Excellency. Bandits and anarchists are not a synonym for the peasantry, which in the bulk fought on the side of the gossil - white and red. And it was precisely the fluctuations in the mood of the peasantry under the influence of the policies of these forces that led to the victory of one or the other.
And the support of the small owner is the foundation of any state. This is exactly the path the Chinese have taken, encouraging and supporting a small entrepreneur and leaving medium and large businesses in the hands of the state. The craftsman and the small entrepreneur are developing, taking the initiative. And system-forming enterprises are in the hands of the state. It should be so. And China has become the forge of the world.
And in our country, system-forming enterprises have been privatized — those who have been handed out to whom. This is on the one hand. And only the support of a small entrepreneur is declared, which in fact (I know by hearsay) is strangled - on the other hand. That is, the opposite is true, and an oligarchic state is being built.
A state can be strong only when it has a strong middle class and a minimum of beggars.
As for Maslov proper, then, in my opinion, a person deserves respect for at least two three reasons.
1) The invariability of the views to which he was committed until the end of his life.
2) patriotism - which is above his party attitudes and preferences. No wonder he ended up in a Nazi concentration camp.
3) a person worked all his life. The first half is an agronomist, and this is not the last person in the village. At the same time, for example, Lenin, who wrote about the proletariat, did not work a day in his life - at first living on the money of his family, then the party, and then the state.
However, the term "professional revolutionary" (at any time) meant a professional loafer (at best) and a killer robber ("expropriator", they even came up with such a word) - at worst.
I said everything

[apro]

Quote: Albatroz

dictating more than what the market allows is impossible

Are you sure? The example with gasoline does not resemble anything? Monopoly right?
Maslov projector. You can say anything but make this criterion true.

[Albatroz]

The example with gasoline is unsuccessful. The fuel resource is now in the hands of several oligarchs = monopolies. A bunch of small peasants = lack of monopoly. That is, in the latter case, prices are set by the market.
Do not forget that the state has always been insured - there were state agricultural enterprises (both before the revolution and under Wrangel in Crimea). And Soviet power, the first 10th anniversary of its existence, coexisted with the non-colletized peasantry.

[apro]

Quote: Albatroz

A bunch of small peasants = lack of monopoly

Study the history of grain procurements before mass collectivization. You can listen to Prudnikov. An interesting description.

[Albatroz]

Massiveness already leads to a lack of monopolization

[Han Tengri]

Quote: Albatroz

dictating more than what the market allows is impossible.

Quote: Albatroz

A bunch of small peasants = lack of monopoly. That is, in the latter case, prices are set by the market.

Quote: Albatroz

Massiveness already leads to a lack of monopolization

Have you heard about the "bread wars" of 1925-27? Not?
http://expert.ru/2012/05/2/hlebnyie-vojnyi-v-sove
stskoj-rossii /

... At first, the results were quite decent - prices fell, peasants brought grain to procurement points. But then the matter stalled. The fact is that grain stocks accumulated on two levels: in cities in secret warehouses and in villages, near kulaks. In the cities, the Chekists smashed the secret depots well. But this does not mean that a large rural supplier will just take and give the goods to the state. The middle peasants brought grain to the bulk points, and the fist, the owner of the main stocks of bread, was waiting for favorable weather.

Here it is necessary to explain where the fists got the bread from. Some of them were grown on their farms, but they received much more by buying bread from smallholders and village gesheft. What is curious: the poor, who exported a couple of dozens of pounds of grain, found government prices quite acceptable for themselves, while they did not like fists. In 1927, in Siberia, for example, the kulaks demanded a three-fold increase in procurement prices! See what that means? This means that the village buyers also did not give more than a ruble for a pound. And so, having bought grain from fellow villagers at a low price, they wanted to sell it to the state at exorbitant prices, robbing both low-power peasants and the state budget. When the city merchant left the market, the kulaks still didn’t bring grain to state sales points, but held him with the same expectation of waiting for hunger and high prices, and there was someone to sell. At the same time, intra-village trade died quietly - the poor did not have the opportunity to pay the fist as much as he requested

.

[Albatroz]

So the authorities fought a war with the village - from the very beginning, as described in the article. The authorities needed a gratuitous affair - a simple seizure.
And Maslov was right in saying that

the Soviet government will not change policies in relation to the peasantry - after all, by its nature, communist power is hostile to the peasant. This is not surprising - after all, the peasant himself is both a worker and a master, and communism wants to kill any economic independence, and only the need to feed the state makes the Soviet government temporarily endure the "petty-bourgeois peasant system."

Fearing the peasantry, they split it further - opposing one group to another

the power of the peasantry is afraid - destroying attempts to unite the latter and splitting the village

I will not cite a large-scale bibliography on the issue - so as not to bore fans of fast Internet links

[Han Tengri]

Quote: Albatroz

So the authorities fought a war with the village - from the very beginning, as described in the article. The authorities needed a gratuitous affair - a simple seizure.

Yes ... "Blessed are the believers, for they have not been given a mind ..." (c) (almost) But because they are not able to perceive something more multidimensional than the coordinate line. I wish you success in the run between + and -!

[Sweetheart]

Quote: Albatroz

And Soviet power, the first 10th anniversary of its existence, coexisted with the non-colletized peasantry.

Yes .. until it became clear that this type of management is a dead end.
And leaving everything as it is, there is no industrialization, and therefore a complete military defeat of the country is quite possible.

[Albatroz]

Dead end or not dead end - we don’t know for sure, we can only guess

[Sweetheart]

Quote: Albatroz

we don’t know for sure, we can only guess

You do not know the material you are trying to judge about.

[Albatroz]

The material I know is no worse than you. This time.
And there are discussions about the ways of industrialization. It could be carried out in various ways - not necessarily as it happened. These are two.
And that’s exactly what I meant by saying

dead end or not dead end - we don’t know for sure, we can only guess

There were different options. And the revolutionary with the subsequent defeat of the village is not necessarily optimal.

[Sweetheart]

Quote: Albatroz

It could be carried out in various ways - not necessarily as it happened.

You do not know the material. You approach the topic not historically, in those conditions, at that time, it could not have happened otherwise, and your assumptions, like the reproach of various kinds of Olgovites on these topics, are more appropriate on websites dedicated to altistory.

Quote: Albatroz

There were different options. And the revolutionary with the subsequent defeat of the village is not necessarily optimal.

Who told you about the defeat of the village? A kind of pseudo-history like Mlechin, Svanidze? Chatterbox Tsipko?
Well, show from history, at least one fact, when all industrialization would do without the use of peasants as the future labor force in the facilities of the industry under construction - will you find such an example?
Can you remind you how the industrialization of England was carried out? Something there no one sheds crocodile tears.
You recall how Russia industrialized under Peter 1?
By the way, about the revolution. As you know, the current government and the intelligentsia serving it (the one that puts Stolypin on the podium) stubbornly refuse to see anything positive in the revolution. Only blood and destruction. At the same time, our liberals somehow inexplicably manage to ignore the fact that the modern Western society, which they literally pray for and whose benefits (freedom of speech, etc.) are actively used, arose precisely thanks to a series of revolutions that swept through the countries of Europe and America in the New Age. What is not the world revolution for you? http://scientifically.info/news/2011-05-06-1402
Or you should still read. That the reforms of the same Stolypin are completely disastrous precisely because this activist did not understand what he was breaking and did not take into account the situation in the countryside and the necessary means of agricultural production for Russia?
To understand what goals Stolypin tried to achieve, we give one more phrase: “It is necessary, when we are writing a law for the whole country, to keep in mind the rational and the strong, not the drunk and the weak.” This phrase shows not only the prime minister’s social Darwinist approach to reform, which is not very worried about those who will suffer from changes. After this, the reason for the love of Stolypin by the liberal reformers of the 1990s http://www.aif.ru/society/history/mif_o_reformato becomes clear
re_kak_petr_stolypin_provalil_agrarnuyu_reformu
From the report of the annual session of the Ministry of Health of Russia for 1912:
“Of the 6-7 million children born, 43% do not live up to 5 years. 31% in one form or another show various signs of food deficiency: rickets, scurvy, pellagra, etc. ”

On the sheet of the report opposite the words: “Up to 10% of peasant children show signs of mental deficiency” - the tsar’s hand says: “It doesn’t matter.” https://fishki.net/anti/2161685-mif-o-stolypinsko
j-jekonomicheskoj-reforme - i-chem-on-vreden-v-nas
hi-dni.html
And do you still argue that everything is bad under the USSR? And why is it that if everything 2 was excellent 2 under Nikola2 and Stolypin, others, all of a sudden, the bats first razed February to shreds of the Republic of Ingushetia, and then the creation of the destruction of the strap, October with its reassembly on new conditions.
You follow the liberals of all stripes again stepping on the same rake-Russia is nothing if only to get the loot at any cost from it, and then on the sidelines again ... well, it could be different ....

[Reptiloid]

Quote: The Swordsman

Quote: Albatroz

And Soviet power, the first 10th anniversary of its existence, coexisted with the non-colletized peasantry.

Yes .. until it became clear that ........ s.

It is worth recalling the redistribution in the communities. 1905, 1917. And what happened at the same time. So, probably, they understood that they should withstand a period of 12 years ??????

[Reptiloid]

Quote: apro

Yes, the Reds built the USSR at the expense of the peasantry ......

HA! HA! HA! And autocracy, boyars and nobles due to whom for so many years rich people made money? But Stolypin didn’t give a damn about what would happen to millions of peasants who were forced to lose their allotments !!!!! At the end of the 19th century, according to the census, this resulted in an average life expectancy of 30 years.

[apro]

Quote: Reptiloid

And autocracy, boyars and nobles due to whom for so many years rich people made money?

They decided their narrow class interests. The Reds built a nation-wide state.

[Reptiloid]

Quote: apro

They decided their narrow-class interests .....

Well, yes, yes. Uzklassovye interests at the expense of everyone else on the territory of the entire Republic of Ingushetia, such narrow-narrow interests at the expense of all residents!
And the red ----- they built the USSR !!!!!

[Reptiloid]

Quote: apro

..... small owner wants to be a big owner ......

Stolypin reforms would contribute to the enlargement of farms of large landowners and the release of millions of landless peasants. At that time, this amount was not yet required in the cities. The Bolsheviks solved the problem of enlarging farms by creating collective farms. At the same time, working hands were necessary in the industry of the USSR and conditions were ensured for those who arrived in the cities, incomparable with the living conditions of workers under the tsar.

[Albatroz]

The peasantry has always been the backbone of Russia, and was considered almost a breeding ground and an expendable material for any reforms.
S. Maslov thought primarily about the peasantry, and, accordingly, received from all sides.
A large person - the head of the party, a scientist.
Nice to remember

[Reptiloid]

Quote: Albatroz

The peasantry has always been the backbone of Russia, and was considered almost a breeding ground and an expendable material for any reforms. ...... A large person - the head of the party, a scientist. And

Involuntarily, questions arise about how the situation could have developed if this person immediately had real power to carry out his plans?

[solzh]

I have a question for the author. Tell me, what was the manifestation of Maslov's patriotism? Was he a Socialist-Revolutionary, that he repented of his activities when he was under arrest in the Cheka, or that he fled from his country and called people to terror from abroad?

Sergey Maslov. Peasant patriot

[Albatroz]

Why ask the author? Didn’t you read the article?
I personally see Maslov's patriotism in the fact that he fought for the interests of the bulk of the population of Russia - the peasantry.
Well, if this is not enough - then

After the attack on the Soviet Union of Germany, S. S. Maslov took a patriotic position and was arrested several times by the Gestapo, having ended up in a concentration camp at the end of the war.

People who did not like Soviet power and went abroad, then suffered for the sake of their distant homeland. And many of those who were nurtured by this power (for example, Vlasov) - joined the ranks of the Nazis

[solzh]

I read the article. I did not see any patriotism in Maslov’s actions. The fact that he did not begin to cooperate with the Nazis, there were many of them and we do not know about many. Churchill, Charles de Gaulle, Denikin, they were all anti-fascists and anti-communists, so what? Maslov, if he was a patriot, had to fight inside the country, and not to call people to terror over the hill.

Quote: Albatroz

People who did not like Soviet power and went abroad, then suffered for the sake of their distant homeland.

But there were people like Skuro.

[Albatroz]

Maslov, if he was a patriot, had to fight inside the country, and not to call people to terror over the hill.

Such a “struggle” within the country would very quickly lead him to physical elimination. And what should be the reaction to

Stalinist repression against the peasants and the driving of the peasantry into collective farms

. But Maslov also called for the establishment of contacts with the USSR, the organization of a peasant party.
Although for me the place of all revolutionaries is on an aspen. What the Socialist Revolutionaries, what the Bolsheviks.
They would have pulled up several thousand of these mutants at one time - and several million ordinary people remained to live.
And Russia would have evolved, and without excesses and unnecessary repression.

[Alexander Greene]

Quote: Albatroz

They would have pulled up several thousand of these mutants at one time - and several million ordinary people remained to live.
And Russia would have evolved, and without excesses and unnecessary repression.

When will it reach you that the revolution is not done by revolutionaries, not by the party, not by the class, but by the people? !!

[Albatroz]

I'm not talking about who does what
And about the caste of professional (for all ages) loafers - who want to gain a foothold in power and live on a state account

[Alexander Greene]

Quote: Albatroz

I'm not talking about who does what

You, apparently, did not understand what you wrote yourself.

[Aviator_]

It somehow turned out strange with the Gestapo - several times (and how much?) They were arrested and released. The organization is more than serious. Perhaps handed over to someone?

[Yura]

As I agree with this, you would know. Not understanding what Maslov understood our kings, the Soviet government, too, led to the fact that the Russian peasant practically disappeared. And the peasant is a whole life-affirming philosophy - "die tomorrow, and this day", which is based on work in the name of life.

S. S. Maslov believed that the peasantry and the Cossacks are the basis of the state life of Russia. The peasantry colonized the new territories, completed the army, created most of the national wealth, 2 / 3 taxpayers lived in the village. At the same time, the government (both imperial and communist) saw in the peasantry only a means for the development of the state - not paying attention to the needs of the village and squeezing excessive taxes from the village. The political powerlessness of the village, emphasized S. S. Maslov, is unfair to the peasantry and is dangerous for the state. But the Soviet government will not change its policy towards the peasantry - because by its nature communist government is hostile to the peasant. This is not surprising - after all, the peasant himself and the worker, and the owner, and communism wants to kill any economic independence, and only the need to feed the state makes the Soviet government temporarily tolerate the "petty-bourgeois peasant system." And the power of the peasantry is afraid - by destroying the attempts to unite the latter and splitting the village (the poor, middle peasants, kulaks became the subject of various policies by the authorities). The goal of “Peasant Russia” is to help the peasantry organize itself in order to achieve “people’s rule”.

[Barcid]

There were strong people. Not that we are.

[Albatroz]

Han Tengri,

Yes ... "Blessed are the believers, for they have not been given a mind ..." (c) (almost) But because they are not able to perceive something more multidimensional than the coordinate line!

This is what I understand about me. But do not exclude yourself from this list.
+ and - are always ambiguous and often change places. And far from the fact that what happened or is happening is the only true one. Well, everyone has their own views.
Thanks for the wish)
And you success in running

[Han Tengri]

Quote: Albatroz

This is what I understand about me.

Yeah! And how did you guess?

Quote: Albatroz

But do not exclude yourself from this list.

Exclude, perhaps. For, from yours:

Quote: Albatroz

+ and - are always ambiguous and often change places.

It follows that you are unable to go beyond linear thinking (from "+" to "-", along the line of events X, and vice versa), as was said! And I ... Didn’t you hear about Geigel’s “Canon of Changes” or, at least, “Dialectics”? Not?

Quote: Albatroz

And far from the fact that what happened or is happening is the only true one.

Interesting concept! After all, if the grandmother had wheels - she could be a bicycle! But, only, grandmothers, for some reason, have no wheels ... You do not know what?

[Pissarro]

In this biography, it is notable that he was arrested by all, but that he was released by all. It speaks of zero threat, an empty man. Such organically they can’t organize anything and, led by such Wehrmacht, would not be met by thirty-four, but by gangs of anarchists with drafts

[Reptiloid]

Quote: Pissarro

In this biography, it is notable that he was arrested by all, but that he was released by all.

Of course, now it’s hard to judge his personality, especially since he just found out about him. But it seems to me that everything is the other way around, not a “zero threat”, but a kind of luck, avoiding dangers, at critical moments, somehow dodging. That is how much talk there is now that they have destroyed innocent people without trial. And here is the exact opposite. I ended up in different organizations where they could have been so simple, just in case .... But no.

[Albatroz]

Sweetheart,

You do not know the material. You approach the topic not historically, in those conditions, at that time, it could not have happened otherwise, and your assumptions, like the reproach of various kinds of Olgovites on these topics, are more appropriate on websites dedicated to altistory.

Firstly, the story is interesting in analyzing missed opportunities and possible alternatives. Otherwise, it’s just a chronology.

Who told you about the defeat of the village? A kind of pseudo-history like Mlechin, Svanidze? Chatterbox Tsipko?

First of all, not they. And secondly, what is there compared in 1913 and 1940)) As?)) Read the collections of statistics - except for the programs. And work on the demographics and losses of our population. Serious guys - for example Stepanova.
By the way, the links you provided in a huge post aren’t these same pseudo-histories in some places?)

And you still argue that everything is bad under the USSR?

I did not say a word about this. In the USSR, especially in the final stretch, it was very good. But the question price for those generations?

You are following liberals of all stripes again stepping on the same rake-Russia is nothing if only to get the loot at any cost from it

Do not ascribe to me perhaps your own thoughts and aspirations.
Anyway, it's nice to talk