Nikolai Brzhozovsky - commandant of the fortress of the dead

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Nikolai Brzhozovsky - commandant of the fortress of the dead


The figure of its commandant, General Nikolai Aleksandrovich Brzhozovsky, Russian military leader, lieutenant-general, participant of almost all wars waged by Russia in the late XIX - early XX centuries, is inseparably connected with the heroic fortress of Osovets.



At the beginning of 1915, under a white flag of a truce, a German officer arrived at the fortress and told General Brzozovsky:

- We give you half a million imperial marks for the surrender of forts. Believe me, this is not a bribe and not a bribe - it is a simple calculation. In the assault on Osovets, we will spend half a million marks on shells. It is more profitable for us to spend the cost of the shells, but not the shells themselves. Do not surrender the fortress - I promise you, in forty-eight hours Osovets as such will cease to exist! General Brzhozovsky, a man of extreme restraint, grinned and replied politely to a spokesman:

- I suggest you stay here. If in forty-eight hours Osovets will stand, I am sorry for you! - hang. If Osovets is surrendered, please be so kind as hang me. And we will not take money!

The fortress not only survived the German assault, but also lasted several more months.

A special place in the world military stories left a terrible, but unparalleled episode, called "Attack of the Dead".

Soldier loyalty to General Brzhozovsky was boundless. At that time, in his attitude towards ordinary soldiers, in his honest loyalty to the emperor, the general was often compared with Suvorov.

On this day, the soldiers of Brzhozovsky made a feat beyond description. It happened 9 days before the Russians were ordered to leave Osovets Fortress ..
... They were dug long at first with ordinary artillery, then Big Berthas, in which the projectile weighed 800 kilograms, were bombed from the air, and 6 in August 1915 of the year at 4 in the morning the dark-green mixture of chlorine and bromine flowed to the Russians. The gas wave 15-meter height and 8-kilometer width covered 20 square kilometers ...

And then 7 of thousands of German soldiers unhurriedly headed for the defenseless Russian trenches. It seemed that the fortress was already in the hands of the Germans. Suddenly, the defenders who survived rose to the bayonets of the counterattack with a shout, or rather, with a cheer, “Hurray!” - the remnants of 8 and 13 are mouth, just a little more than 100 man. Barely keeping on his feet, the soldiers stood behind their commander. The sight of them was terrible. With traces of chemical burns on their faces, wrapped in rags, they hacked blood, literally spitting out pieces of light on bloodied tunics.

The look of the Russians was so terrible that the German infantrymen, not accepting the battle, rushed back, trampling each other and hanging on their own wire obstacles. The fortress resisted again.

The miracle bogatyrs of General Brzhozovsky did not disgrace the glory of their ancestors - the miracle bogatyrs of Suvorov.

After leaving Osovets, General Nikolai Brzhozovsky still fought on the fronts with the First Mirva, participated in the Civil War, and after the victory the Bolsheviks emigrated to Yugoslavia, where he became a prominent and respected member of the White movement. In 20, the trail of a valiant general is lost.
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  1. +6
    14 January 2018 07: 17
    ... The 13th and 8th companies, having lost up to 50% poisoned, deployed on both sides of the railway and launched an offensive; The 13th company, having met parts of the 18th landver regiment, with a cry of "Hurray" rushed into hostility. This attack of the “dead”, as an eyewitness to the battle reports, so impressed the Germans that they didn’t accept the battle and rushed back, many Germans died on wire nets in front of the second line of trenches from the fire of fortress artillery ...

    ("The Struggle for Osovets")
    Varya Strizhak. Attack of the Dead, Or Russians Do Not Give Up!
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wQ5EKBmrthg
    1. +16
      14 January 2018 08: 27
      Awesome clip!
  2. +10
    14 January 2018 07: 18
    A worthy commandant, especially against the commandants of other fortresses.
    It is a pity that Russia lost such a general ....
    1. +5
      14 January 2018 07: 36
      Biography

      From the nobles. Educated in the Polotsk military gymnasium. He entered the service on 01.09.1874/2/10.08.1876. He graduated from the 16nd military school of Konstantinovsky. Issued by Ensign (art. XNUMX) to the XNUMXth artillery brigade.

      Member of the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-78. Second Lieutenant (Art. 26.12.1877). Lieutenant (Art. 18.12.1878). Headquarters Captain (Art. 12.11.1884). Captain (Art.13.12.1892). He commanded a company of 14 liters. 2 m; siege artillery company (14.11.1900/01.06.1901/XNUMX-XNUMX/XNUMX/XNUMX).

      Member of the campaign in China 1900-01. Lieutenant Colonel (Project 1901; Art. 15.06.1901; for military distinctions).

      Member of the Russian-Japanese war of 1904-05. Colonel (pr. 1905; Art. 09.08.1904; for military distinctions). Wounded and shell-shocked.

      The commander of the Lomzhinsky fortress artillery (24.07.1906-20.12.1911). Major General (Project 1911; Art. 20.12.1911; for distinction). On December 20.12.1911, XNUMX, the chief of the Osovets fortress artillery.

      Member of the World War. He was awarded the Order of St. George of the 4th degree (VP 21.03.1915). The commandant of the Osovets fortress (from 08.04.1915). Commander of the 44th Army Corps (07.1916-22.04.1917).

      Member of the White movement in southern Russia. He was in the reserve ranks of the Volunteer Army. In the 20s. lived in Yugoslavia.


      It is terrible that RUSSIA was then divided into two irreconcilable camps ...
      where such heroes were then forced to fight against each other ... son against father ... brother against brother ... this is the tragedy of the Russian people.

      It is not clear where Nikolai Brzhozovsky ended his earthly journey. what
    2. +17
      14 January 2018 08: 26
      Worthy Commandant

      Absolutely sure
      especially against the commandants of other fortresses

      And I do not quite agree with this. There is a negative example - Grigoriev. But there is also a very positive one - Schwartz, commandant of Ivangorod.
      And there was more than good than bad good
      1. +5
        14 January 2018 09: 58
        Quote: Blue Cop
        And I do not quite agree with this. There is a negative example - Grigoriev.

        The most negative is General Beaver Commandant Novogeorgievskaya fortress: he ran across t quragu and from captivity passed the order to surrender! Gnd ...
        1. +17
          14 January 2018 10: 54
          I agree.
          But Bobryr is not even an example. A rotten misunderstanding ....
          Novogeorgievskaya fortress in an atmosphere of recoil from Poland was doomed to be eaten.
          It is not clear why the troops left there - albeit secondary ones. It was time to evacuate - like Osovets.
  3. +20
    14 January 2018 07: 47
    A sample of a real Russian officer and front-line soldier!
    Member of 3 Empire Wars:
    Russian-Turkish 1877-78. He was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir, 4th art. with swords and bow.
    Russian-Japanese 1904-05. He was awarded the Order of St. Vladimir, 3rd art. with swords and golden weapons
    World War I 1914-18. He was awarded the Order of St. George, 4th century; St. Anne 1st Art. with swords and St. Vladimir 2nd art. with swords.
    In addition to George and the Golden Arms - 4 orders with Swords. Rarity!
  4. +5
    14 January 2018 08: 03
    and after the victory of the Bolsheviks he emigrated to Yugoslavia, where he became a prominent and respected member of the White movement
    .
    ... The general did not recognize the October Revolution and joined the White Movement. He was in the reserve ranks of the Volunteer Army. In the summer of 1919 he arrived at the service in the troops of the Northern Region at the disposal of the Governor-General there. In July 1919 he was appointed head of the garrison of Arkhangelsk and the surrounding area, in September 1919 he was appointed deputy governor-general of the Northern Region and chief of defense of the city of Arkhangelsk. Refusing to evacuate along with the interventionists. After the restoration of Soviet power in Arkhangelsk in February 1920, in exile on 20.04.1920/XNUMX/XNUMX, he registered at the Varnes military camp in Norway, then moved to Yugoslavia and lived in Montenegro. In the town of Prcanj, an invalid house was created, which contained Russian military migrants mutilated on the fronts. Brzhozovsky became its director. The exact date of death and the burial place of the general is still unknown.
  5. 0
    14 January 2018 13: 15
    only recently the other day I found information about the First World War, and I read about Osovets, heroes!
  6. 0
    14 January 2018 17: 22
    Thank you for the article, we should know that we have had many heroes at all times.
  7. +1
    14 January 2018 17: 52
    A lot of officers chose the white movement after numerous killings of officers during the February Revolution. Murderers and instigators were often called Bolsheviks, so many officers had a stereotypical, but fundamental hostility to the Bolsheviks at the start of the civil war. Only in the course of the civil war did understanding begin to come that among the reds there were not only Trotskyists ...
  8. +2
    14 January 2018 20: 22
    these are companies of 226 Zemlyansky regiment from near Voronezh. Now there is a fundraising for the monument, which will be installed in the village of ZEMLYANSK, Semiluksky district, Voronezh region. The monument is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the feat of the 13th company of the 226th Zemlyansky regiment while protecting the OSOVETS fortress.
  9. +5
    15 January 2018 21: 37
    Quote: Olgovich
    Worthy commandant ...
    It is a pity that Russia lost such a general ....

    But in our memory General Nikolai Aleksandrovich Brzhozovsky remained, and I told my children about him.
  10. 0
    17 January 2018 13: 35
    It is necessary for children to show on the map on the territory of which states Russian fortresses are located and to name those who surrendered them.
  11. +15
    5 February 2018 10: 55
    The only thing that does not paint the general is the hanged parliamentarian
    Still, there are unshakable things, as in diplomacy