Storming the Terrible 1995 of the Year - Plan for Lightning Capture
One of the heavy pages stories The Russian Federation reflects the events of January 1995 on the territory of the Chechen Republic in its capital, Grozny. The plan for the assault on the capital, in which Dudayevites concentrated, was developed in a hurry, but this did not embarrass the military officials. Pavel Grachev's famous phrase that Grozny can be taken in two hours turned out to be refuted by two months of bloody battles.
Four groups were to enter Grozny, codenamed “North,” “West,” “East,” and “North-East.” As Potapov, chief of staff of the North Caucasus Military District, stated in his report, the conduct of lengthy battles for Grozny is not supposed. The plan, developed just a few days before the outbreak of hostilities, had many significant shortcomings, and the commanders of the groups, consisting of a huge number of recruits who did not have the relevant experience, unanimously argued that the assault should be postponed for additional training. The main miscalculation of the strategists was the almost complete disregard for the ability of the Dudayevites to repulse the federal troops. However, the group included a few assault troops, consisting mainly of battalions of airborne or motorized rifle troops, reinforced tank company or anti-aircraft guns. In the plan there was absolutely no indication of a case of resistance by militants in the form of fire, and the command was strictly forbidden to occupy residential buildings and open fire on them. In such buildings, the Dudaevites dispersed. The goal was set for the groups: to take administrative buildings, including the Presidential Palace and the government building, radio, railway station. However, the cards issued on the eve of by no means all turned out to be outdated, and the aerial survey is of poor quality. The assault squads were intended to block the quarters and organize safe corridors along which the main forces should follow.
The Western group under the command of Major General Valeriy Petruk was to go to the railway station, and after the building was occupied by federal troops, go to the Presidential Palace and block it from the south. During the assault, tasks were transferred to the North division. The western grouping consisted of 6 thousand people, 75 guns, 43 tank, 50 BMD and 160 BMP. Federal troops "West" entered Grozny in 7 hours 30 minutes, but during the operation the task of taking the station was canceled, and the forces were sent to the Presidential Palace. Up to 12 hours of the day, Dudayev residents did not show any resistance, as subsequent events showed not by chance. Aslan Maskhadov’s plan was to pass and block federal forces in the center of the city. Each of the columns came under heavy fire, snipers worked professionally. The Dudayevites tried to block the ways of withdrawal in order to destroy the attackers completely.
At about 2 hours of the day 693-y sms was suddenly attacked, the column rose not far from the city market, a fierce battle ensued. By the 18 clock, the motorized riflemen tried to move away, but were taken into a tight ring near Leninsky Park, radio contact with them was lost. In the Andreevskoy valley, the militants opened fire on the consolidated 76-th ppp and 21-th ovdbr. Unprepared for such fierce resistance, the western parts already by 13 watches were forced to gain a foothold in the southern areas of the city and go on the defensive. The offensive group plan was completely thwarted.
The "North" under the command of Major General Pulikovsky consisted of a 4100 man, possessed 210 BMP, 80 tanks, and also 65 mortars and guns. His main task under the assault plan was to prevent reinforcements from approaching the militants from Katayama, as well as advancing along the city’s designated area and blocking the Presidential Palace from the north. The group entered the city from its direction exactly at 6 in the morning. The soldiers were met with frightening inscriptions: “Welcome to HELL!”, Which was not far from the truth. 81 msp and 131 omsbr almost unhindered advance to the railway station, where they settled without taking into account a possible attack. As a result, the enemy was able to concentrate more than 3 thousands of people at this point and surround the federal troops. The fight began at 7 hours of the evening and lasted all night. The station was not surrendered, but at the end of the defense only eight people remained in the building. Part of the squad tried to break through along the railway, but was almost completely destroyed by the militants.
The northeastern group, consisting of 2200 military, 125 units of armored vehicles and 7 tanks, 25 guns, and mortars, was headed by Lieutenant General Rokhlin. According to the plan, the grouping should have attacked along the Petropavlovskoye Highway, but intelligence just a day before the start of the assault informed Rokhlin that the road was mined by land mines, so the route was changed. In order to deceive Dudaev, it was decided to imitate the attack on the highway, and throw the main forces on the bypass road. Even 30 December 33-y ssp under the direction of Colonel Vereshchagin occupied the bridge on the Neftyanka River, pulling back a large part of Dudayev’s. The main offensive began in 6 hours 30 minutes, already by 9 hours, the 33-ss went to the cannery, providing a safe corridor to move assault companies. 10.00 was taken to the city cemetery, occupied by militants who did not expect artillery to hit the shrine.
The assault group Kornienko occupied the cannery and left some of the people for his defense. The main forces moved into the depths of Grozny. On the Circular and Mayakovsky 255-oh connected with 81 MSW. The task of 68 Orb was to occupy a position in the hospital complex. The hospital complex was located on Ordzhonikidze Square, in order to occupy it, the detachment had to break the resistance of Dudayev residents at the Sunzhu crossing, and then wage a fierce battle on the square itself. As a result, the building was taken, and the detachment went on the defensive. During the battle, the northeastern group found itself under fire not only from Chechens, but also from other federal forces, there was no clear radio link, sometimes it completely disappeared, there were no exact maps either.
Further, the group did not advance, as Rokhlin understood that further movements could deprive the forces entrusted to him with respect to a quiet rear, reinforcements and the supply of food and ammunition. Soon the militants still managed to encircle the troops of the northeastern group, but Rokhlin did not think to retreat, but the connection with the rear was maintained. January 7 under his command also entered the northern group. Two days later, Rokhlin launched an offensive, with the result that the city’s airport was taken, as well as a petrochemical plant. Only to the 19-th number after long battles managed to occupy the Presidential Palace. For more than two weeks of fighting, federal forces were able to capture only a little more than a third of the city, and the situation in some positions was characterized as very tense and unstable.
The Eastern group was originally supposed to act under the command of Rokhlin, but a few days before the assault, Major General Stasko was appointed instead. On the preparation of the operation remained no more than two days, and consisted of a grouping of scattered detachments, most of which participated in the hostilities for the first time. The task in this direction was the following: to seize the eastern districts of the city along the borders of the Sunzha River and Leninsky Prospekt, and without setting up checkpoints, or exposing them at exceptionally important points, move to Minutka Square. In fact, the Eastern group was entrusted with the function of depicting the main attack of federal troops in the city; it had to cover the maximum territory and then withdraw from Grozny.
Troops of the Vostok moved forward at 11 in the afternoon hours from the side of Khankala airport. The movement was carried out in two columns, and their trajectory was on a bypass road. Passing the suburbs, the assault troops were ambushed on a road bridge. The coordinated actions in the column were extremely bad, the connection was constantly interrupted. The fire impact on the convoy of militants caused panic and confusion, so the assault groups for some time proved to be a target for the attackers. The main forces of the group were scattered, and Stasko decided to retreat, until the 2 January, the Vostok group did not enter the fighting.
Reinforcement, which was successfully blocked by Dudaev, went to the groups held in a ring, largely due to the lack of maps, and the inexperience of drivers of armored vehicles also played a role. Losses in the first days of the fighting turned out to be significant, the lightning assault failed. However, the federal troops soon recovered and launched not only defensive but also offensive activity. As a result, by February 6 the resistance of the Dudayevites was broken, and the numbers of the same month on the organized scale of 26 ceased. 6 March was occupied by the last district of the rebellious city - Black Rivers.
Nevertheless, contrary to the forecasts of the Russian leadership, the war did not end there, the bloodshed continued for a long time. Militants used guerrilla war tactics, hiding in difficult mountainous terrain.
Four groups were to enter Grozny, codenamed “North,” “West,” “East,” and “North-East.” As Potapov, chief of staff of the North Caucasus Military District, stated in his report, the conduct of lengthy battles for Grozny is not supposed. The plan, developed just a few days before the outbreak of hostilities, had many significant shortcomings, and the commanders of the groups, consisting of a huge number of recruits who did not have the relevant experience, unanimously argued that the assault should be postponed for additional training. The main miscalculation of the strategists was the almost complete disregard for the ability of the Dudayevites to repulse the federal troops. However, the group included a few assault troops, consisting mainly of battalions of airborne or motorized rifle troops, reinforced tank company or anti-aircraft guns. In the plan there was absolutely no indication of a case of resistance by militants in the form of fire, and the command was strictly forbidden to occupy residential buildings and open fire on them. In such buildings, the Dudaevites dispersed. The goal was set for the groups: to take administrative buildings, including the Presidential Palace and the government building, radio, railway station. However, the cards issued on the eve of by no means all turned out to be outdated, and the aerial survey is of poor quality. The assault squads were intended to block the quarters and organize safe corridors along which the main forces should follow.
The Western group under the command of Major General Valeriy Petruk was to go to the railway station, and after the building was occupied by federal troops, go to the Presidential Palace and block it from the south. During the assault, tasks were transferred to the North division. The western grouping consisted of 6 thousand people, 75 guns, 43 tank, 50 BMD and 160 BMP. Federal troops "West" entered Grozny in 7 hours 30 minutes, but during the operation the task of taking the station was canceled, and the forces were sent to the Presidential Palace. Up to 12 hours of the day, Dudayev residents did not show any resistance, as subsequent events showed not by chance. Aslan Maskhadov’s plan was to pass and block federal forces in the center of the city. Each of the columns came under heavy fire, snipers worked professionally. The Dudayevites tried to block the ways of withdrawal in order to destroy the attackers completely.At about 2 hours of the day 693-y sms was suddenly attacked, the column rose not far from the city market, a fierce battle ensued. By the 18 clock, the motorized riflemen tried to move away, but were taken into a tight ring near Leninsky Park, radio contact with them was lost. In the Andreevskoy valley, the militants opened fire on the consolidated 76-th ppp and 21-th ovdbr. Unprepared for such fierce resistance, the western parts already by 13 watches were forced to gain a foothold in the southern areas of the city and go on the defensive. The offensive group plan was completely thwarted.
The "North" under the command of Major General Pulikovsky consisted of a 4100 man, possessed 210 BMP, 80 tanks, and also 65 mortars and guns. His main task under the assault plan was to prevent reinforcements from approaching the militants from Katayama, as well as advancing along the city’s designated area and blocking the Presidential Palace from the north. The group entered the city from its direction exactly at 6 in the morning. The soldiers were met with frightening inscriptions: “Welcome to HELL!”, Which was not far from the truth. 81 msp and 131 omsbr almost unhindered advance to the railway station, where they settled without taking into account a possible attack. As a result, the enemy was able to concentrate more than 3 thousands of people at this point and surround the federal troops. The fight began at 7 hours of the evening and lasted all night. The station was not surrendered, but at the end of the defense only eight people remained in the building. Part of the squad tried to break through along the railway, but was almost completely destroyed by the militants.
The northeastern group, consisting of 2200 military, 125 units of armored vehicles and 7 tanks, 25 guns, and mortars, was headed by Lieutenant General Rokhlin. According to the plan, the grouping should have attacked along the Petropavlovskoye Highway, but intelligence just a day before the start of the assault informed Rokhlin that the road was mined by land mines, so the route was changed. In order to deceive Dudaev, it was decided to imitate the attack on the highway, and throw the main forces on the bypass road. Even 30 December 33-y ssp under the direction of Colonel Vereshchagin occupied the bridge on the Neftyanka River, pulling back a large part of Dudayev’s. The main offensive began in 6 hours 30 minutes, already by 9 hours, the 33-ss went to the cannery, providing a safe corridor to move assault companies. 10.00 was taken to the city cemetery, occupied by militants who did not expect artillery to hit the shrine.The assault group Kornienko occupied the cannery and left some of the people for his defense. The main forces moved into the depths of Grozny. On the Circular and Mayakovsky 255-oh connected with 81 MSW. The task of 68 Orb was to occupy a position in the hospital complex. The hospital complex was located on Ordzhonikidze Square, in order to occupy it, the detachment had to break the resistance of Dudayev residents at the Sunzhu crossing, and then wage a fierce battle on the square itself. As a result, the building was taken, and the detachment went on the defensive. During the battle, the northeastern group found itself under fire not only from Chechens, but also from other federal forces, there was no clear radio link, sometimes it completely disappeared, there were no exact maps either.
Further, the group did not advance, as Rokhlin understood that further movements could deprive the forces entrusted to him with respect to a quiet rear, reinforcements and the supply of food and ammunition. Soon the militants still managed to encircle the troops of the northeastern group, but Rokhlin did not think to retreat, but the connection with the rear was maintained. January 7 under his command also entered the northern group. Two days later, Rokhlin launched an offensive, with the result that the city’s airport was taken, as well as a petrochemical plant. Only to the 19-th number after long battles managed to occupy the Presidential Palace. For more than two weeks of fighting, federal forces were able to capture only a little more than a third of the city, and the situation in some positions was characterized as very tense and unstable.
The Eastern group was originally supposed to act under the command of Rokhlin, but a few days before the assault, Major General Stasko was appointed instead. On the preparation of the operation remained no more than two days, and consisted of a grouping of scattered detachments, most of which participated in the hostilities for the first time. The task in this direction was the following: to seize the eastern districts of the city along the borders of the Sunzha River and Leninsky Prospekt, and without setting up checkpoints, or exposing them at exceptionally important points, move to Minutka Square. In fact, the Eastern group was entrusted with the function of depicting the main attack of federal troops in the city; it had to cover the maximum territory and then withdraw from Grozny.
Troops of the Vostok moved forward at 11 in the afternoon hours from the side of Khankala airport. The movement was carried out in two columns, and their trajectory was on a bypass road. Passing the suburbs, the assault troops were ambushed on a road bridge. The coordinated actions in the column were extremely bad, the connection was constantly interrupted. The fire impact on the convoy of militants caused panic and confusion, so the assault groups for some time proved to be a target for the attackers. The main forces of the group were scattered, and Stasko decided to retreat, until the 2 January, the Vostok group did not enter the fighting.
Reinforcement, which was successfully blocked by Dudaev, went to the groups held in a ring, largely due to the lack of maps, and the inexperience of drivers of armored vehicles also played a role. Losses in the first days of the fighting turned out to be significant, the lightning assault failed. However, the federal troops soon recovered and launched not only defensive but also offensive activity. As a result, by February 6 the resistance of the Dudayevites was broken, and the numbers of the same month on the organized scale of 26 ceased. 6 March was occupied by the last district of the rebellious city - Black Rivers.
Nevertheless, contrary to the forecasts of the Russian leadership, the war did not end there, the bloodshed continued for a long time. Militants used guerrilla war tactics, hiding in difficult mountainous terrain.
Marines. Storming the Terrible 1995 in detail (Russia, Grozny) 1995 year
The video was made by the soldiers of the 76 th Guards, assault landing, but it is possible that the 98 th, 104 th or 106 th.
It is well told about the formation of the column, as the paratroopers entered the city, the first battles, the events of the first days of the battles for Grozny.
The video is unique because for the first time several fighters take part in its creation - quite understandably and intelligibly telling what happened in the beginning of January of 1995 and how. In particular, battles in the area of the railway station, battles for individual buildings, movement of the column and other funny events on the streets and on the outskirts of the city.
The video was made by the soldiers of the 76 th Guards, assault landing, but it is possible that the 98 th, 104 th or 106 th.
It is well told about the formation of the column, as the paratroopers entered the city, the first battles, the events of the first days of the battles for Grozny.
The video is unique because for the first time several fighters take part in its creation - quite understandably and intelligibly telling what happened in the beginning of January of 1995 and how. In particular, battles in the area of the railway station, battles for individual buildings, movement of the column and other funny events on the streets and on the outskirts of the city.
Information