Printers war
New technologies make major changes to the principles of warfare. If in the wars of past generations the main actions were conducted on the surface of the globe, the confrontation in the air and underwater environments was auxiliary, then in the battles of the future the main efforts will be concentrated in the aerospace sphere, and ground operations will become ensuring.
High precision weapon makes it possible to dose, selective defeat a wide range of targets that make up the economic and military infrastructure, and regardless of firing range or time of flight. That is, for the impact of the fire, it is absolutely not necessary for the troops to enter combat contact.
Synergy of the sixth order
In recent years, such a concept has emerged as convergent technologies, which include NBIC (nano, bio, info, cognitive). Their convergence is due to the highest degree of increase in efficiency in the conjugate, interconnected application. At the same time, biotechnologies include biomedicine and genetic engineering, information technologies, psychophysical effects, computing and communication tools, and neuroscience.
American scientists are planning to focus on several areas of using technologies of the sixth lifestyle in the military field. This is primarily the expansion of the capabilities of reconnaissance and information support, the improvement of the physical abilities of the fighters, and the increase in the effectiveness of troop command and control.
The first direction involves the intensification of research in the field of Big Data and the Internet of Things, which is discussed below.
The second implies the creation of various kinds of additional interfaces to human organs - neuro, video, or, for example, power (exoskeleton). It is planned to create nanorobots for monitoring the state of human internal organs, the destruction of pathogenic bacteria and neoplasms (cancerous tumors). Methods for creating artificial liver, stomach and other organs are being developed, since the biological processes occurring in them can be performed by replicators of enzymes and nutrients. Such an approach makes it possible to dramatically increase a person’s abilities in various areas and solve the problems of feeding the military in combat, treating the wounded and sick.
Improving the efficiency of collective activity involves the neurointegration of the intellectual capabilities of individuals into a kind of superbrain. The importance of this - the third direction of research is obvious: information flows in a modern war reach such values that their effective and fast processing, making adequate decisions for the situation are becoming more difficult or impossible.
Consider these areas and the results achieved in more detail.
Elementary school intelligence
The technological capabilities of obtaining intelligence information have changed significantly. This was facilitated by the unprecedented disclosure of various types of information (economic, technical, etc.), the transition to sharing it via the Internet, the emergence of a huge number of social networks, the formation of databases of various companies, etc. The result was a revision of the decision-making procedure and proposed actions. In the United States, it is reflected in three fundamental documents: “US National Security Strategy-2015”, “US Military Strategy-2015” and “Third Defense Investment and Innovation Initiative”, approved in 2014.
If you summarize their content, there are three key points.
The first is the rejection of a clear separation of war and peace, the recognition not only in theoretical but also in practical terms of indistinguishability in modern conditions of these two states. The process began at the end of the last century with the development and testing of concepts such as hybrid, irregular, asymmetric, proxy, fuzzy wars. And today, in official US documents, the concepts of “hard confrontations”, “conflicts of variable intensity”, “answers to threats”, and “active operations” are increasingly used. Clear, having a legal definition of the term "war" is used less and less.
The second is its understanding as a conflict in five environments (land, sea, air, space, cybernetic) and seven areas of tough confrontation, namely: fire (traditional wars), foreign policy, internal political (in other countries), informational, financial and economic, behavioral (violent impact on behavior through the manipulation of habits, stereotypes, values, models, etc.) and technological (for the destruction of sovereign information, financial and economic, mental and other spaces).
The third is a departure from the traditional division of the economy, production, education and other spheres of life into military and civilian. Such a moment is extremely interesting. In accordance with the third defense initiative at the state level, it is stated that there are no civilian and military industries, and all American businesses, companies, universities and even society should work for national security, solving military and intelligence tasks. That is, the most ordinary clerk of a regular company becomes also an agent.
Legislative design received the thesis that all high technologies in technical, social, cognitive, organizational and other fields have a dual purpose. When planning the 2015 budget of the year for the first time, it was recorded that intelligence is now obliged not only to be engaged in mining, processing, analyzing information for making decisions, but also to conduct active operations aimed at ensuring American global domination.
Innovations in the methods of achieving victory over the enemy predetermine the conduct of the confrontation on the Internet and its means. Given the very extensive block of possible techniques, let us dwell only on two concepts: Big Data (DB) and the Internet of Things.
In the 2012 year, the amount of data collected on the Web was 2,8 zettabyte, by the year 2020 it will increase to 40 zettabyte. About a third of them are automatically generated information and control signals that characterize the operation of machines, equipment, devices connected to the Internet. The volume of corporate invoices transmitted and stored on the Web is growing at 40 percent per year. To analyze such arrays is beyond the power of any human brain. Moreover, up to 60 percent of the information is not structured, so it is impossible to link the content (to reveal the correlation) of various sources and draw useful conclusions on this basis. This phenomenon is called Big Data: a huge, constantly growing archive of displays of behavioral activity of a wide variety of objects and subjects - from states and companies to individual groups and individuals.
The DB technologies currently being developed allow structuring, classifying and evaluating the correlation of one or another set of information about people, companies, events. It should provide an accurate understanding of the relationship (interdependence) of the characteristics or actions of any object and the result achieved. An object can be a population of a country or a region, their economy, the military-industrial complex, etc. The results of this analysis make it possible to predict behavior not only when making independent decisions, but also under external influence (that is, to simulate according to the principle “What will happen if. .. "," What you need to ... "). Thus, it becomes a reality to determine and implement the most effective ways of influencing a particular object to achieve the desired outcome.
The giant volumes that distinguish the database require the appropriate computers, and today all the major foreign manufacturers offer specialized software and hardware systems. The corresponding technology is not machine, but man-machine, that is, it requires specialists of the highest skill level, as a rule, with education and professional skills in not only information, but also other sciences.
To solve this problem in 2015, US universities launched programs for the money of the military complex. It is intended to train selected teachers and students in special schools, where retired and sometimes active intelligence officers lead classes, who form relevant skills in the wards.
Printing things
The source of database replenishment in recent years has been the Internet of Things (Internet of Things - IoT). This is the concept of an information and communication computing network of any physical objects (things) equipped with embedded technologies for interacting with each other or with the external environment, ensuring the exclusion of a person from some actions and operations.
IoT is a source of information that is not subject to any distortion, as it is possible on the Internet of people (that is, in information generated on the Web by a person or with his participation). In other words, control over any object (subject) becomes total, permanent and inevitable.
Another revolutionary innovation that influences the nature of warfare is ways of generating, delivering to troops and using resources: energy (mechanical, electrical, thermal), material and technical means (VVST, ammunition, energy carriers, food, military technical equipment) , information (data about the enemy, the environment, his troops, etc.).
The ideal condition for accomplishing the tasks assigned to the armed forces is the delivery of all types of resources to the troops in real time and in full. In other words, the incoming information about the enemy is immediately accompanied by the decision to defeat him, his troops must be able to immediately strike the required effectiveness. The implementation of such principles is called the ideal war.
Among the directions of the development of the VVST, which allow you to get closer to the ideal, include the following:
microminiaturization and robotization;
the use of alternative energy sources (solar panels, biofuel, wind power);
reduction of energy consumption while maintaining the full range of functions performed;
development of long-range wireless power transmission systems;
hypersonic weapon capable of hitting targets at any distance in real time;
bionanotechnological weapons;
search for ways to reduce material and energy costs for the task (highly accurate destruction, cyber warfare).
Considering the vastness of scientific and technical achievements in the listed areas of research, we will consider only one of the ways to effectively solve the problem of troop material and technical support - ЗD-print. In the advanced countries of the world intensively conducted research and development work on its application in various fields.
The introduction of ЗD-print in military field surgery, where most of the injuries are individual, will be significant. Accordingly, treatment requires unique materials and means, the time of manufacture and delivery of which is unacceptably long in the traditional way. 3D printers make any medical assistance available in a few minutes, maximum hours.
The mentioned technologies are extremely in demand for the repair of military equipment in combat or field conditions.
3D printers are indispensable in space. They will allow the creation of aircraft or their elements directly in orbit from raw materials without the delivery of complex and voluminous structures (antennas, solar batteries) from the Earth.
3D printing makes it possible to harvest raw materials in the form of spools of fibers, blocks of polymers, containers of metal powder in an industrial plant and deliver them to the battlefield or into space, where the necessary details will be reproduced. Printing technologies already exist robots, elements of weapons, etc.
The problem of the improvement of technology based on technology of the sixth way of life can be the fact that the distinction between industrial, household and military tools disappears. At the same time, its availability for all states, social groups, organizations and even individuals becomes more and more as communication develops.
To delay is to lose
All this urgently demands from the Russian scientists a theoretical study of the nature of the interstate confrontation. And from the leadership of the country - the practical implementation of the created know-how on plans and programs for equipping the Armed Forces.
The first major task of military science in this area is the formation of the image of the AMIS system corresponding to the nature of the new generation wars. The second task is to determine the nature, sequence and timing of changes in the parameters of the weapon system to convert it into a promising one, ensuring the maintenance of such wars.
To solve the first are needed:
forecasting the development of science, technology and technology, assessing their influence on the appearance of means of warfare;
extrapolation of achievements of the VVST of the main foreign countries;
determination of requirements for the performance characteristics of domestic prospective models, the future weapons system as a whole;
forecast of equipment parameters of the armies of leading countries;
determining quantitative requirements for the armament system of the RF Armed Forces based on the nature of the threats, the likelihood of wars in which Russia can be drawn, the equipment of the opposing groups.
To solve the second problem, relevant research in such areas as:
the timing of the obsolescence of traditional VVST, the beginning of the development of weapons of new generations;
the nomenclature of unconventional VVST to be developed during the program period;
supply volumes necessary to achieve the quantitative parameters of the development of the VVST system;
drawing up relevant plans taking into account the funds actually allocated by the state to the national defense.
Anyone who first understands the essence of the transition to a new generation of war and introduces the means of conducting it will receive a decisive advantage. Conversely, a nation that will be slow in adapting to new conditions dooms itself to a catastrophic defeat.
High precision weapon makes it possible to dose, selective defeat a wide range of targets that make up the economic and military infrastructure, and regardless of firing range or time of flight. That is, for the impact of the fire, it is absolutely not necessary for the troops to enter combat contact.
Synergy of the sixth order
In recent years, such a concept has emerged as convergent technologies, which include NBIC (nano, bio, info, cognitive). Their convergence is due to the highest degree of increase in efficiency in the conjugate, interconnected application. At the same time, biotechnologies include biomedicine and genetic engineering, information technologies, psychophysical effects, computing and communication tools, and neuroscience.
American scientists are planning to focus on several areas of using technologies of the sixth lifestyle in the military field. This is primarily the expansion of the capabilities of reconnaissance and information support, the improvement of the physical abilities of the fighters, and the increase in the effectiveness of troop command and control.
The first direction involves the intensification of research in the field of Big Data and the Internet of Things, which is discussed below.
The second implies the creation of various kinds of additional interfaces to human organs - neuro, video, or, for example, power (exoskeleton). It is planned to create nanorobots for monitoring the state of human internal organs, the destruction of pathogenic bacteria and neoplasms (cancerous tumors). Methods for creating artificial liver, stomach and other organs are being developed, since the biological processes occurring in them can be performed by replicators of enzymes and nutrients. Such an approach makes it possible to dramatically increase a person’s abilities in various areas and solve the problems of feeding the military in combat, treating the wounded and sick.
Improving the efficiency of collective activity involves the neurointegration of the intellectual capabilities of individuals into a kind of superbrain. The importance of this - the third direction of research is obvious: information flows in a modern war reach such values that their effective and fast processing, making adequate decisions for the situation are becoming more difficult or impossible.
Consider these areas and the results achieved in more detail.
Elementary school intelligence
The technological capabilities of obtaining intelligence information have changed significantly. This was facilitated by the unprecedented disclosure of various types of information (economic, technical, etc.), the transition to sharing it via the Internet, the emergence of a huge number of social networks, the formation of databases of various companies, etc. The result was a revision of the decision-making procedure and proposed actions. In the United States, it is reflected in three fundamental documents: “US National Security Strategy-2015”, “US Military Strategy-2015” and “Third Defense Investment and Innovation Initiative”, approved in 2014.
If you summarize their content, there are three key points.The first is the rejection of a clear separation of war and peace, the recognition not only in theoretical but also in practical terms of indistinguishability in modern conditions of these two states. The process began at the end of the last century with the development and testing of concepts such as hybrid, irregular, asymmetric, proxy, fuzzy wars. And today, in official US documents, the concepts of “hard confrontations”, “conflicts of variable intensity”, “answers to threats”, and “active operations” are increasingly used. Clear, having a legal definition of the term "war" is used less and less.
The second is its understanding as a conflict in five environments (land, sea, air, space, cybernetic) and seven areas of tough confrontation, namely: fire (traditional wars), foreign policy, internal political (in other countries), informational, financial and economic, behavioral (violent impact on behavior through the manipulation of habits, stereotypes, values, models, etc.) and technological (for the destruction of sovereign information, financial and economic, mental and other spaces).
The third is a departure from the traditional division of the economy, production, education and other spheres of life into military and civilian. Such a moment is extremely interesting. In accordance with the third defense initiative at the state level, it is stated that there are no civilian and military industries, and all American businesses, companies, universities and even society should work for national security, solving military and intelligence tasks. That is, the most ordinary clerk of a regular company becomes also an agent.
Legislative design received the thesis that all high technologies in technical, social, cognitive, organizational and other fields have a dual purpose. When planning the 2015 budget of the year for the first time, it was recorded that intelligence is now obliged not only to be engaged in mining, processing, analyzing information for making decisions, but also to conduct active operations aimed at ensuring American global domination.
Innovations in the methods of achieving victory over the enemy predetermine the conduct of the confrontation on the Internet and its means. Given the very extensive block of possible techniques, let us dwell only on two concepts: Big Data (DB) and the Internet of Things.
In the 2012 year, the amount of data collected on the Web was 2,8 zettabyte, by the year 2020 it will increase to 40 zettabyte. About a third of them are automatically generated information and control signals that characterize the operation of machines, equipment, devices connected to the Internet. The volume of corporate invoices transmitted and stored on the Web is growing at 40 percent per year. To analyze such arrays is beyond the power of any human brain. Moreover, up to 60 percent of the information is not structured, so it is impossible to link the content (to reveal the correlation) of various sources and draw useful conclusions on this basis. This phenomenon is called Big Data: a huge, constantly growing archive of displays of behavioral activity of a wide variety of objects and subjects - from states and companies to individual groups and individuals.
The DB technologies currently being developed allow structuring, classifying and evaluating the correlation of one or another set of information about people, companies, events. It should provide an accurate understanding of the relationship (interdependence) of the characteristics or actions of any object and the result achieved. An object can be a population of a country or a region, their economy, the military-industrial complex, etc. The results of this analysis make it possible to predict behavior not only when making independent decisions, but also under external influence (that is, to simulate according to the principle “What will happen if. .. "," What you need to ... "). Thus, it becomes a reality to determine and implement the most effective ways of influencing a particular object to achieve the desired outcome.
The giant volumes that distinguish the database require the appropriate computers, and today all the major foreign manufacturers offer specialized software and hardware systems. The corresponding technology is not machine, but man-machine, that is, it requires specialists of the highest skill level, as a rule, with education and professional skills in not only information, but also other sciences.
To solve this problem in 2015, US universities launched programs for the money of the military complex. It is intended to train selected teachers and students in special schools, where retired and sometimes active intelligence officers lead classes, who form relevant skills in the wards.
Printing things
The source of database replenishment in recent years has been the Internet of Things (Internet of Things - IoT). This is the concept of an information and communication computing network of any physical objects (things) equipped with embedded technologies for interacting with each other or with the external environment, ensuring the exclusion of a person from some actions and operations.IoT is a source of information that is not subject to any distortion, as it is possible on the Internet of people (that is, in information generated on the Web by a person or with his participation). In other words, control over any object (subject) becomes total, permanent and inevitable.
Another revolutionary innovation that influences the nature of warfare is ways of generating, delivering to troops and using resources: energy (mechanical, electrical, thermal), material and technical means (VVST, ammunition, energy carriers, food, military technical equipment) , information (data about the enemy, the environment, his troops, etc.).
The ideal condition for accomplishing the tasks assigned to the armed forces is the delivery of all types of resources to the troops in real time and in full. In other words, the incoming information about the enemy is immediately accompanied by the decision to defeat him, his troops must be able to immediately strike the required effectiveness. The implementation of such principles is called the ideal war.
Among the directions of the development of the VVST, which allow you to get closer to the ideal, include the following:
microminiaturization and robotization;
the use of alternative energy sources (solar panels, biofuel, wind power);
reduction of energy consumption while maintaining the full range of functions performed;
development of long-range wireless power transmission systems;
hypersonic weapon capable of hitting targets at any distance in real time;
bionanotechnological weapons;
search for ways to reduce material and energy costs for the task (highly accurate destruction, cyber warfare).
Considering the vastness of scientific and technical achievements in the listed areas of research, we will consider only one of the ways to effectively solve the problem of troop material and technical support - ЗD-print. In the advanced countries of the world intensively conducted research and development work on its application in various fields.
The introduction of ЗD-print in military field surgery, where most of the injuries are individual, will be significant. Accordingly, treatment requires unique materials and means, the time of manufacture and delivery of which is unacceptably long in the traditional way. 3D printers make any medical assistance available in a few minutes, maximum hours.
The mentioned technologies are extremely in demand for the repair of military equipment in combat or field conditions.
3D printers are indispensable in space. They will allow the creation of aircraft or their elements directly in orbit from raw materials without the delivery of complex and voluminous structures (antennas, solar batteries) from the Earth.
3D printing makes it possible to harvest raw materials in the form of spools of fibers, blocks of polymers, containers of metal powder in an industrial plant and deliver them to the battlefield or into space, where the necessary details will be reproduced. Printing technologies already exist robots, elements of weapons, etc.
The problem of the improvement of technology based on technology of the sixth way of life can be the fact that the distinction between industrial, household and military tools disappears. At the same time, its availability for all states, social groups, organizations and even individuals becomes more and more as communication develops.
To delay is to lose
All this urgently demands from the Russian scientists a theoretical study of the nature of the interstate confrontation. And from the leadership of the country - the practical implementation of the created know-how on plans and programs for equipping the Armed Forces.
The first major task of military science in this area is the formation of the image of the AMIS system corresponding to the nature of the new generation wars. The second task is to determine the nature, sequence and timing of changes in the parameters of the weapon system to convert it into a promising one, ensuring the maintenance of such wars.
To solve the first are needed:
forecasting the development of science, technology and technology, assessing their influence on the appearance of means of warfare;
extrapolation of achievements of the VVST of the main foreign countries;
determination of requirements for the performance characteristics of domestic prospective models, the future weapons system as a whole;
forecast of equipment parameters of the armies of leading countries;
determining quantitative requirements for the armament system of the RF Armed Forces based on the nature of the threats, the likelihood of wars in which Russia can be drawn, the equipment of the opposing groups.
To solve the second problem, relevant research in such areas as:
the timing of the obsolescence of traditional VVST, the beginning of the development of weapons of new generations;
the nomenclature of unconventional VVST to be developed during the program period;
supply volumes necessary to achieve the quantitative parameters of the development of the VVST system;
drawing up relevant plans taking into account the funds actually allocated by the state to the national defense.
Anyone who first understands the essence of the transition to a new generation of war and introduces the means of conducting it will receive a decisive advantage. Conversely, a nation that will be slow in adapting to new conditions dooms itself to a catastrophic defeat.
Information