Excursion to the radar station "DON-2Н"
This phrase belongs to the head of the USSR N.S. Khrushchev, who voiced it to journalists, after successful tests of an experimental missile defense system. It is in the composition of the Moscow anti-missile defense system that the Multifunctional Radar Station “DON-2Н” functions.
The main task of the radar "DON-2H" - the detection of ballistic missiles, their tracking, coordinate measurement, analysis of complex targets and missile guidance.
02 In the year 1953, in connection with the emerging threat of a nuclear-missile attack on the USSR, seven Marshals of the Soviet Union sent a letter to the CPSU Central Committee with a request to consider the creation of anti-missile defenses. Three years of hard work by scientists at KB-1 gave the necessary results, which ensured the decision at the state level to establish and test an experimental missile defense system.
03 Successful full-scale tests of an experimental missile defense system in 1960 allowed us to decide on the creation of a first-generation domestic missile defense system. In the 1972 year agreement was signed with the US on missile defense. After completions and state tests of the missile defense system. providing the destruction of complex multi-element ballistic target and low-orbit military spacecraft. was put into service and at the end of 70-ies put on duty.
In parallel, work began on creating a new generation of missile defense systems.
04 Construction of the radar "DON_2H" began in 1978, and the station adopted in 1989.
05 Inside the station itself there is a “Room stories military unit ", which presents models of missile defense systems of both the first generation and the new. Archival materials. how the missile defense system was created and developed, as well as the achievements of each military unit in peacetime.
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08 On the ceiling of a small museum there is exactly a map of the starry sky of the northern hemisphere, it is a shame only that the big bear is located right in the center of the column.
09 And what about the radar itself? During its construction more than 30000 tons of metal, 50000 tons of concrete, 20000 kilometers of cable, several hundred kilometers of water pipes were used. The military itself calls it the eighth wonder of the world.
10 radar is built in such a way that in the case of a rocket attack, it is able to conduct combat work in an autonomous mode, regardless of the external situation. This is ensured by independent electricity and water supply systems, powerful refrigeration equipment, repair units, as well as food and water supplies. For communication with the outside world there is an underground transport tunnel through which a couple of trucks can easily disperse.
11 first hall of the command post. For all secret station so all monitors are turned off.
12 Main Hall. Maps and information about detected objects are projected on the screens.
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14 Even during his stay at the station is working. By the way, for those who are inside the radar during its operation there is no danger, because it radiates out.
15 The satellite observation results are shown on the screen.
16 One of the four radiating antennas of the station. Each antenna is directed to a specific side of the world.
17 The main characteristics of the radar:
- azimuth field of view - 360 degrees
—View angle of elevation — 1 – 90 degrees
- detection range of space objects (size 5 cm) - up to 2000 km
is the number of simultaneously tracked targets - 100.
18 Individual section blocks. One of them is practically collected from the control panel back to the working position. The scale is certainly impressive.
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21 conveyor for mounting and moving blocks.
22 And Conveyor Control Panel
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26 Command Post
27 Designed to control the equipment and equipment of the station and monitor its condition. Round-the-clock, in real time, combat crews process and analyze information on the space and radio-electronic situation in the radar area and control the operation of the station.
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29 screen biological protection around the station. According to the military they are likely to calm the conservationists. The radiation does not affect the station staff and the nearby civilian population.
30 unusual form of radar.
31 Rocket at the entrance to the unit
32 and container for its transportation
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In 1994, together with the United States, an experiment was conducted to detect "space debris". Microsatellites - 6 metal spheres with a diameter of 5, 10 and 15, see 15-centimeter spheres found by all those involved in the radar experiment, were launched from the space shuttle into outer space. 10-centimeter spheres saw only 2 Russian and 1 American radar. “DON-2Н” is the only station that discovered and built the trajectory of the 5-1 cm ball.
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