“Let's write a truthful history textbook?” (Part Two)
“Attempts to give an“ objective ”assessment historical events encounter: 1) the lack of evidence that is recognized by all as established facts, 2) the class bias of the researcher. If we assume that after 1991, having destroyed the communist formation, Russia entered the progressive universal path of development, then the entire period of history from 1917 to 1991 it appears as a series of terrible crimes of a regime that was not subject to change. ”
(iouris)
Do not pay the harlot's fee and the price of the dog to the house of the Lord your God for no vow, for both are an abomination to the Lord your God.
(Deuteronomy 23: 18)
Reject from me the deceit of the mouth, and the cunning of the tongue, remove from yourself.
(Proverbs 4: 24)
(iouris)
Do not pay the harlot's fee and the price of the dog to the house of the Lord your God for no vow, for both are an abomination to the Lord your God.
(Deuteronomy 23: 18)
Reject from me the deceit of the mouth, and the cunning of the tongue, remove from yourself.
(Proverbs 4: 24)
So, last time we started writing our “truthful textbook” of the history of Russia and immediately faced a huge amount of difficulties, even though we did not get to the 1917 year. But now the second part has gone, and our children are older and smarter. Here is the reform of 1861 of the year ... What did she give? The number of weekends and holidays gradually increased, but labor itself was intensified, since non-economic or forceful methods of forced labor were replaced by economic, market ones. But feudal, not market, remnants remained: landlord and communal land ownership! What about people? People, as J. Orwell wrote about this, have been divided into clever, medium and stupid since the Upper Paleolithic. The task of the smart ones is to keep at the very top, of the middle ones - to shift the “higher ones” and take their place. And only the lower ones are doomed to hard work, because they are poorly socialized, and few know, because they do not visit historical archives.
You can study history in different ways. I’m just happy to have the opportunity to present to the VO readers the opportunity to look at the works of the Penza artist Igor Zeynalov, who "opens" the Soviet era through portraits of veterans made on ... documents from that era issued to them. First of all, these are diplomas, in which, probably, the whole "salt" of that era! If I had the opportunity, I would have designed the entire history textbook of Russia with his works in this manner. Young people, by the way, really like it. But ... it is unlikely that at least some publisher will do it. But you can see the works themselves. Here is the first job: “Questionnaire” - I remember such, they included the questions “Do you have relatives abroad?”, “Did your relatives serve in the White Guard formations?”
Did people understand that at the time? Yes, they understood, although they were expressed a little differently. Here is what the Penza Provincial News newspaper of 5 November 1905 wrote in the Russian Press article: “The colossal degeneration of the people's way of life that happened before our eyes cannot be accomplished without painful shocks, and therefore one should temper their aspirations ... Consciously treat the word “freedom”, because after the “manifesto” the word “freedom of the press” is understood in the sense of being able to swear without regard to the merits. We need more restraint, more understanding, and this requires the seriousness of the moment. ” Just like right now, right? The years go by, and we all have the same rake!
What about remnants? And they persisted. Stolypin had been killed. And the psychology of paternalism persisted (which, incidentally, was written remarkably by the writer Mamin-Sibiryak in the novel “The Humpback Bear”, who did not read — I advise!), And it persisted when the market (and he already was!) Demanded that it be abandoned. And what about V.I. Lenin, he saw it, understood? Yes, I saw and understood what his book “The Development of Capitalism in Russia” testifies to, where, on the basis of open statistical data, he proved that we no longer have a single peasantry. There are fist-usurers with cognitive dissonance from what they do, middle peasants are horrified by how the indestructible, but stubbornly pulling the strap collapses, and the poor who have “everything collapsed”: the economy, and brains, one vodka remained !
But the question is: did Lenin know about the “Pareto law” discovered in 1897, when in 1917 he proclaimed the toast of the socialist revolution in Russia? Anyway, 80% of property always belong to 20% of citizens, that is, even if you don’t break the social pyramid, you still can’t change this structure of it. Moreover, the top (elite) will sooner or later rot away in any way, and then its (higher) will be replaced by “medium” (with the help of lower ones), there will be “new medium”, “lower” something they will give, but more promise and ... everything will remain as it is! And if he didn’t know, he was a “big optimist”, but if he did, then ... everyone can continue on. But how can all this be stated in the textbook?
"Veteran of Penza football"
What did V.I. Lenin, being at the helm of state power? That's right - he passed the famous Land Decree, “realized the age-old dream of the peasantry”. But what is written in this decree? First, it is not a Bolshevik program, but an SR program. That is equal land use, the prohibition of wage labor and the sale and purchase of land. That is, decree canceled what attitude? Market! What relations do we have now? Market! And no one is going to change them! Are there remnants of feudal relations? There is! Registration
Here is the text of the decree of those years! What if it is also a fake, eh? As well as bronze helmets from ancient Attica. But there are few of them, and there are many such newspapers! Too much faking ...
But if so, then everything that the “market” is good, then everything that brings us back to the days of the Egyptian pharaohs (a similar form of land tenure was in their presence) and the peasant community is bad! The election of leadership at the plants, by the way, was also not carried out for long. It is clear that in the conditions of war the directors became appointees, but ... what kind of socialism is this, and how did the workers then influence the nature of production and participate in its management? Essentially - no way!
That is, what we habitually call the October Socialist Revolution actually represented ... a set of anti-market measures in agriculture in favor of the peasants of the middle peasants and the poor, so that they would support the new government. And in industrial production ... the establishment of state monopoly in the country. That is, we almost never had any socialism, but there was state capitalism, covered with a loud left-wing phrase. That's all! It is enough to count the amount of property in the hands of the state and private owners in the USSR over different years to make sure that the main goal of all that was done in the country was state capitalism.
"Soviet Edison"
And all the contradictions between the same United States and the USSR in the past, roughly speaking, boiled down to the competition of two models of economic management. They have a public-private model (50 on 50), we have a state model (90 on 10). It turned out that their model is more efficient, and from 1991, Russia switched to it. Moreover, it should be emphasized that nothing bad, as we all know and remember, was socially in the state capitalism. The working masses received free medicine (albeit not the best, but accessible to all), education (albeit little, “and only with us”, but again - accessible to everyone). And, most importantly - confidence in the future. And for whom is it important? For 80%, the remaining 20% is well managed with “insecurity”.
People were underpaid for their work, they didn’t allow themselves to get ’not donated by the state, that is, to earn extra money (although they tried, otherwise where would the nesuns come from - - you are the master, not the guest, take even a nail away!), But With the money from this “underpayment”, the state gave its citizens quite a lot. But here are the market forms of economic management ... almost not used!
And how to give all this in the textbook? To say this briefly? So, how is it written here? This is unlikely to suit those who grew up on the myths of socialism. Explain long and detailed with specific figures and examples? Is it necessary in a school textbook?
In the USSR, diplomas were also given for staying in the ranks of the CPSU. There was a decent time - here you have thick paper with beautiful patterns and inscriptions.
But this is the economy. What about politics? Oh, it's even more interesting, and here's why. The fact is that the young Soviet state immediately put itself in a very difficult position, having adopted the Marx-Engels theory as its political basis. That is, we immediately became the vanguard of the world revolution. Therefore, they had to support it, help revolutionaries of the whole world, that is, to carry out the ideas of Marx-Lenin specifically and at the same time build their statehood, their economy and implement the policy of national interests. And national interests very often come into sharp conflict with international ones!
The first such conflict happened already in 1918 and ended with the Brest Peace. “Shameful” from the point of view of “true” revolutionaries, but quite logical from the point of view of the primacy of state interests. The second such conflict, only in a more acute form, took place in 1939, when the USSR government signed a non-aggression pact with fascist Germany. From the point of view of geopolitics, where state interests are at the forefront, this is a completely normal agreement. From the point of view of the interests of the “world revolution”, this is their betrayal. That is why this agreement and everything that followed it is so ambiguously assessed so far.
And now let's look at the consequences, again from a geopolitical point of view. At first, the Munich agreements were de jure, then the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact. And it was a normal policy for the then West. “West is West!” Then 17’s “Liberation March” de facto made the USSR an ally of Germany and sparked a stream of caricatures depicting Hitler and Stalin in the West, tied foot-to-foot with their symbols in their hands, and the corresponding content of the scripture. But what is the main reason for this presentation of information? Yes, the fact that the USSR, by doing so, placed its state interests above ideological ones, which would otherwise require us to wage war with Germany for "saving Polish workers and peasants from the horrors of fascism and Hitlerism." And we ... we did what the British and French did, that is, purely pragmatic! And it did not like it, of course. Indeed, from the point of view of Marxism, we predictably should have done quite differently.
But when 22 of June 1941 of the year, fascist Germany attacked the USSR, this was a shock for Western propaganda, and it had to immediately turn to 180 degrees. After all, the attack on her own “ally”, which she put to the USSR in front of the whole world, was always the gravest violation of all human norms and de facto and de jure. And precisely because of England and the USA we had to help us, that in this case ideology gave way to geopolitics and national and state interests. But we naturally had to pay for it. Than? The dissolution of the Comintern, that is, the actual rejection of the slogan "We are on the mountain all the bourgeois world fire blown up!" And now everything - the revolutionary pathos is over, Russia grew out of the Red Army Budyonnovka, put on earlier epaulets hated, and left the revolutionary rhetoric to celebrate November 1918 and honoring the veterans who personally saw V.I. Lenin.
I always feel sorry for people with such faces and piercing eyes into your soul. They are all heroes for their participation in that Great War! But ... where are the white shorts, the pool house and the rest in Mallorca in the chair with a motor? For some reason, “their” veterans have enough money for this. Also not at all, but at many. Among my familiar veterans, no one can afford it!
It seems to me that all of the above is obvious and, by the way, fits perfectly into the theory of Malthus (which was discussed in the first article), and is confirmed by historical evidence and data from economists. But as all this is again stated in the school textbook, I do not imagine very well. Or, let's say, on the contrary, I imagine very well, but I don’t know how far it will be possible to describe it, and, most importantly, to prove the truth of these statements to those involved in publishing educational literature. And I don’t want to work “on the table”.
In addition, there are a number of historical events for which, frankly, we simply have very little information. No archival data, I repeat! Perhaps we will tell about it in a future article. However, in any case, it seems that the difficulties of creating a new and “truthful” history textbook for the school have become obvious to everyone. And - most importantly, which of the visitors to the IN will take to overcome them?
PS And now look again at all these faces. Some of them probably “crumpled” the girl in the hayloft, and then shot a corner for a sheet with her in the hostel, others played football and “half a liter” on the “October” in the doorways, to warm up, rejoiced at the purchased closet and the flight of Gagarin, plowed the Golodnaya Steppe, invented new rotors and received certificates of honor, and when the silenok diminished, they unanimously condemned the youth for licentiousness (though not all?). Anyway, each of them had his own life, which he wanted to make happy. And each of them had their own history of our country! Your experience. And can the story of each of them lead to a common denominator? And again ... you can! But remember the "Pareto's law". This again will be the story of 20%, and not 80%, which will be the only thing left to resent once again that this new textbook of the story went "not the one"!
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