The great proletarian writer Maxim Gorky

73
- Storm! Soon the storm will break out!
This bold Stormy Petrel proudly throws itself between the lightning above the roaring sea; then the prophet of victory screams:
- Let the storm break out stronger!

M. Gorky. Song of the Petrel.

18 June 1938, 80 years ago, the great writer Maxim Gorky passed away. The great Russian, and then the Soviet writer Maxim Gorky really had a very difficult and complicated fate.

Maxim Gorky (real name - Alexey Maksimovich Peshkov) was born (16) 28 in March 1868 of the year in Nizhny Novgorod in the family of Maxim Savvatyevich Peshkov with Varvara Vasilyevna Kashirina. According to the official biography, his father was a cabinetmaker (according to another version, the manager of the Astrakhan shipping company, I. S. Kolchin), and his mother was the daughter of the owner of the dye-house. The marriage did not last long, soon my father died of cholera. Alexey Peshkov fell ill with cholera in 3, his father managed to get out of him, but he himself became infected and did not survive. The boy hardly remembered his father, but the stories of relatives about him left a deep impression - even the pseudonym "Maxim Gorky", according to the old Nizhny Novgorod, was taken in memory of his father. Mother did not want to go back to her father and remarried, but she soon died from consumption. Thus, at an early age, little Alexei was orphaned and his grandfather and grandmother raised him.

Grandma Maxim - Akulina Ivanovna replaced the boy's parents. Alexey spent his childhood in the house of his grandfather Kashirin in Nizhny Novgorod. Vasily Vasilyevich went bankrupt by the end of his life, but he taught his grandson. For the most part, Alexey read church books and got acquainted with the biographies of saints. At the age of eleven he became acquainted with the cruel realities of working life, since he was left completely alone. Alexey worked as an assistant on the ship, in the shop, as a baker, learned to paint icons, etc. Gorky never received a full education, although he studied at a local vocational school. Already in this period, Alexey Maksimovich became interested in literature, and wrote the first works.

1878 began his life "in people". He lived in slums, among the tramps; wandering, interrupted by day wise. In 1884, Gorky entered the university in Kazan, but he was not enrolled. However, Maxim in his sixteen years was already quite a strong personality. He stayed in Kazan and started working. Here he first met Marxism. The life and work of Maxim Gorky, subsequently, were imbued with the ideas of Marx and Engels, he surrounded the image of the proletarian and revolution with an aura of romance. The young writer zealously joined in the propaganda and in 1888, he was already arrested for connection with the revolutionary underground. The young writer was given strict police oversight. Working at the train station, he wrote several short stories as well as poems. To avoid imprisonment Gorky smog, having gone on a journey through the country. Don, Ukraine, Bessarabia, Crimea, then the North Caucasus and, finally, Tiflis - this is the travel route of the writer. He worked a lot and led propaganda among his colleagues and peasants. These years of life of Maxim Gorky marked the first works of "Makar Chudra" and "The Girl and Death."

In 1892, Alexey Maksimovich returned to Nizhny Novgorod after a long journey. "Makar Chudra" is published in the local newspaper, after which a number of his feuilletons, as well as reviews are published. His original pseudonym was the strange name Yehudiil Chlamyda. Maxim Gorky himself in his biographies and interviews remembered him more than once. His "Essays and Stories" soon turned the almost unknown provincial writer into a popular revolutionary author. The attention of the authorities to Aleksei Maksimovich’s person has grown significantly. During this period, the works “Old Woman Izergil” and “Chelkash” - 1895 year, “Malva”, “Spouses Orlovy” and others - 1897 year saw the light, and in 1898 a collection of his works was published.

This period will be the heyday of his talent. In 1899, the famous "Song of the Falcon" and "Thomas Gordeyev" appeared. In 1901, the Song of the Petrel was released. After the release of the Song of Thunderbirds: “Storm! Soon the storm will break out! This brave Petrel flutters proudly between lightning bolts over a roaring angry sea; the prophet of victory shouts: “Let the storm break out stronger! ..”. He also wrote a proclamation calling for the fight against the autocracy. After this, the writer was exiled from Nizhny Novgorod to Arzamas.

From 1901, he turns to drama. During this period, Maxim Gorky, characterized as an active revolutionary, a supporter of Marxism. His speech after the bloody events of January 9 1905 was the reason for the arrest and imprisonment in the Peter and Paul Fortress. However, Gorky was at the peak of his popularity at that time. In his defense were well-known artists, including representatives of the creative and scientific world from Germany, France, England and Italy. And they let him go. Gorky was directly involved in the revolutionary struggle 1905 year. In November, 1905 joined the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party. Due to the threat of reprisals, he was forced to leave for America. For the first time abroad, the writer did not stay long.

It must be said that Gorky, like other prominent creative figures, had not only an active social, but also a stormy personal life. He was married to Catherine Volozhinoy, he had concubines and mistresses, as well as many relatives and adopted children. So, Gorky left the family, and the famous Moscow actress Maria Andreeva became his common-law wife.

In emigration, the writer writes various satirical pamphlets about the “bourgeois” culture of France and the USA (“My Interviews”, “In America”). Returning to Russia in the fall, he writes the play “Enemies”, creates the novel “Mother”. Barely returning to his homeland, Alexey Maksimovich again travels abroad. By the 1910 years, Gorky's name became one of the most popular in the Russian Empire, and later in Europe, his work caused a huge critical literature: for 1900-1904. published 91 book about Gorky; From 1896 to 1904, the critical literature on it has been more than 1860 titles. The performances of his plays on the stage of the Moscow Art Theater had an exceptional success and were accompanied by anti-government performances by the public.

The great proletarian writer Maxim Gorky


Until 1913, he lives in Italy due to health problems. The illness of the mother passed on to his son, he suffered from consumption. Gorky returned to his homeland, taking advantage of the amnesty. From the first days of the First World War he took an anti-militarist, internationalist position. The February 1917 revolution of the year, Maxim Gorky, greeted enthusiastically, seeing in it the victory of democracy, the insurgent people. His apartment in Petrograd in February-March 1917 of the year resembled a “headquarters”, where various political and public figures, writers, writers, artists, artists, and workers gathered. Gorky became the initiator of a number of sociocultural undertakings, paid great attention to the protection of cultural monuments and, in general, was very active. He wrote a number of articles, indignant at the mass export of artistic values ​​from Russia to "American millions", and protested against the robbery of the country.

In order for society to fulfill the task of spiritual revival and moral purification of the country, Maxim Gorky believed, it was necessary first of all to combine “the intellectual forces of the old experienced intelligentsia with the forces of the young workers and peasants”. And for this it is necessary to “rise above politics” and direct all efforts towards “immediate intense cultural work”, involving the working and peasant masses in it. Culture, he believed, must be instilled in the people, brought up for centuries in slavery, to give the proletariat, the broad masses systematic knowledge, a clear understanding of their worldhistorical mission, their rights and duties, teach democracy. One of Gorky's most important scientific and educational endeavors these days was the creation of a “Free Association for the Development and Dissemination of Positive Sciences”.

According to the great writer, “there is no future without democracy”, “a strong person is a reasonable person”, and therefore it is necessary to “arm yourself with exact knowledge”, “instill respect for reason, develop a love for him, feel his universal power”. Gorky noted: “The source of our misfortunes is our incompetence. To live well, you have to work well, to stand firmly on your feet, you have to work hard, learn to love work. ”

The most active literary and social work of Gorky received at this time in the newspaper he founded, "New Life". It was published in Petrograd from April 18, edited by Gorky, and co-editors were V. A. Bazarov, V. A. Desnitsky, N. N. Sukhanov, A. N. Tikhonov. The newspaper actively opposed the continuation of Russia in the imperialist war (World War I), for uniting all the revolutionary and democratic forces to hold on to the social and political gains of the February revolution, developing culture, education, science to follow the path of further socialist transformations in Russia under the leadership of Social Democratic Party. In addition to the new cycle of Russian Fairy Tales, short stories, essays, Maxim Gorky published over 80 articles in a newspaper (58 of them in the series “Untimely Thoughts”). Publicism in the "New Life" has compiled two complementary writer's books - "Revolution and Culture. Articles for 1917. ”And“ Untimely Thoughts. Notes on revolution and culture. ”

At this stage of his life, the first contradictions arose with the views of Lenin, with whom he was personally acquainted. So, Gorky condemned the “senseless slaughter”, denounced the desire of the Provisional Government to bring the war to a victorious end (in response, representatives of the bourgeois camp of Gorky were accused of “espionage, treason”). On the other hand, Gorky opposed the July 4 uprising which began under the influence of socialist propaganda. Defending the social gains of the February revolution, speaking out against reaction, conservative forces, bourgeois parties and the policies of the Provisional Government, the Gorky newspaper very soon entered into controversy with the Bolsheviks, who put forward the question of an armed uprising and a socialist revolution. Gorky was convinced that Russia was not yet ready for socialist transformations, that the rebellion would be sunk in a sea of ​​blood, and the cause of the revolution was thrown back decades ago. He believed that before carrying out a socialist revolution, the people should “work hard to gain the consciousness of their personality, their human dignity”, that at first they “must be calcined and cleansed from slavery, nurtured in it, by slow fire of culture”. In his opinion, “the most terrible enemy of freedom and law is within us,” “our cruelty and all that chaos of dark, anarchic feelings that has been brought up in the soul of our shameless oppression of the monarchy, its cynical cruelty.” And with the victory of the revolution only begins the process of intellectual enrichment of the country. Russia was not yet ready for social revolution. Culture, science, art were, according to Gorky, the very force that "will allow us to overcome the abominations of life and tirelessly, stubbornly strive for justice, the beauty of life, for freedom."

Therefore, the writer met the October Revolution coolly. Even a week before October in the article “You can’t be silent!” He urges the Bolsheviks to abandon the “performance”, fearing that “this time the events will take on an even more bloody and pogrom character, and will inflict an even harder blow to the revolution”. After October, New Life, led by Gorky, still held opposition seats and became an opponent of the new government. The newspaper criticized the “costs” of the revolution, its “shadow sides”, the forms and methods of implementing social transformations in the country - the cultivation of class hatred, terror, violence, and “zoological anarchism” of dark masses. At the same time, Gorky defends the high humanistic ideals of socialism, the ideas of democracy, human values, rights and individual freedom, forgotten in the whirlwind of revolution. He accuses the leaders of the Bolsheviks, Lenin and his "minions" in the destruction of press freedom, "adventurism", "dogmatism" and "nechaevshchina", "despotism", etc.

It is clear that such a position of Gorky sharp criticism of the authorities. Arguing with him, the Bolshevik Party and official press wrote that the writer turned from a “petrel” into a “loon”, “who cannot afford the happiness of battle”, that he acts as a “whimpering man in the street”, that “he lost his conscience”, that “he changed revolutions, ”etc. 16 July 1918 with the consent of Lenin, the newspaper was closed (before this publication was temporarily suspended several times).

Gorky sharply, hard perceived this criticism. For Gorky, socialism was not a utopia. He continued to believe in his ideas, he wrote about the "difficult torment of childbirth" of the new world, the "new Russia", noting that, despite all the mistakes, crimes, "the revolution, nevertheless, has grown to its victory", and expressed confidence that the revolutionary whirlwind, shaking “to the very depths of Russia”, “will cure us, make us healthier”, and revive “for construction and creativity”. Gorky also pays tribute to the Bolsheviks: “The best of them are excellent people whom Russian history will be proud of over time ...”; "... Psychologically, the Bolsheviks have already rendered the Russian people a favor, having moved all of its mass from a dead point and aroused in the whole mass an active attitude towards reality, an attitude without which our country would perish."

Despite his particular view of the revolution, Gorky continued his creative activity and presented many more patriotic works to the young Soviet state. After the attempt on Lenin, Gorky again became close with him and the Bolsheviks. Subsequently, Gorky, evaluating his position on 1917-1918, recognized them as erroneous, explaining that he underestimated the organizing role of the Bolshevik Party and the creative forces of the proletariat in the revolution. Gorky became one of the organizers of the literary and public. and publishing initiatives: publishing houses World Literature, House of Writers, House of Arts, etc. As before, he called for the unification of the old and new intelligentsia, defended it from unreasonable persecution by the authorities. In December, 1918 was elected to the Petrograd Soviet, 1920 was re-elected in June. The writer worked at the Petrograd Commission for the Improvement of the Life of Scientists founded on his initiative, became its chairman. He spoke out against the military intervention of the Western powers, called on the advanced forces of the world to defend the revolution and help the starving.

In the year 1921, on Lenin’s insistent recommendation, Gorky traveled to Italy. The public was informed that he was forced to undergo medical treatment abroad. He came to the Union in 1928 – 1929, and finally returned to Moscow in 1931 and in the last years of his life received official recognition as the founder of socialist realism. In 1932, the writer's hometown, Nizhny Novgorod, was renamed Gorky on the occasion of the 40 anniversary of his literary activity (the city was called Gorky after 1990 year).

In the last years of his life, Maxim Gorky wrote his novel, which remained unfinished - “The Life of Klim Samgin”. 18 June in 1936, he unexpectedly dies under strange circumstances. He was buried in Moscow's Red Square near the Kremlin wall.
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  1. +5
    18 June 2016 05: 50
    Of course, we all remember that we "passed" at school according to M. Gorky.
    And death, in such famous people, always cause various interpretations.
  2. +10
    18 June 2016 05: 55
    Alexey Maksimovich, looking at the current "democracy", would be sure to be dumbfounded and greatly depressed. feel She would drink it ...
    1. +4
      18 June 2016 12: 10
      Quote: Knowing
      Alexey Maksimovich, looking at the current "democracy", was sure, he would be dumbfounded and greatly depressed. She-she would take a drink ...

      No, I’d just leave for Capri again wink
      Gorky’s words from his letter to Leonid Andreyev can serve as the best characteristic of the island: “Capri is a tiny piece, but tasty. In general, here at once, in one day, you see so much beauty that you get drunk, you are soooo you can’t do anything ... ”
      (Photo click)
    2. +2
      18 June 2016 21: 28
      Gorky was marked by a series of vaunted essays from the White Sea Channel, where many prisoners died. Well, the author modestly kept silent about this?
      He introduced into the encirclement of Stalin the enemy of the Chekist people, Yagoda, with whom he maintained friendly relations almost from the latter's childhood.
      1. +1
        19 June 2016 09: 34
        Quote: Beefeater
        Gorky was marked by a series of vaunted essays from the White Channel

        “I saw Gorky in the Solovetsky camp and I know very well that he saw what was happening there. One boy told him about the torture, the horror that was going on in the forest. However, returning to Moscow, in 1930, in the magazine“ Our achievements ” (!) Gorky published an enthusiastic essay about the Solovetsky Chekists ... "
        Academician D. S. Likhachev
        1. +1
          19 June 2016 11: 20
          I think that the NKVDists who visited him in Capri and
          who ordered them to return to the USSR, he was great, they really scared him.
          Gorky was extremely impressionable (which helped him
          as a writer), but was not a fighter.
          We will not judge him strictly.
          1. +2
            19 June 2016 11: 24
            The money is over, that's all.

            And they ended because "the Moor did his job" - and became unnecessary.

            And who exactly paid him and for what --- it’s easy to guess.
            1. 0
              19 June 2016 19: 46
              He received money for publishing and staging his works on stage. The money was considerable, but not for you to count it.
        2. The comment was deleted.
  3. +10
    18 June 2016 06: 20
    If you read what he wrote (excluding the general writings), then he is not so proletarian.
    1. -2
      18 June 2016 09: 00
      If you read what he wrote (excluding the general writings), then he is not so proletarian.


      Moreover: he is not so great.

      Moreover: no one needs him as a writer either today or then - worse than a mediocre writer.
      1. +1
        18 June 2016 10: 39
        Quote: AK64
        Moreover: no one needs him as a writer either today or then - worse than a mediocre writer.


        Are you closer to Solzhenitsyn ?!
        1. -8
          18 June 2016 12: 51
          Are you closer to Solzhenitsyn ?!


          Solzhenitsyn, quite objectively, is already a writer, and a good writer. Not great, but already a writer.

          Whereas Gorky is nothing more than an outspoken graphomaniac.
          1. +4
            18 June 2016 21: 04
            My father was right when, in 89, after reading "The First One" and starting "Cancer Ward", he said that it had been banned in vain, only they had created unnecessary advertising. It would be better if they printed it out, since it is difficult and impossible to read such tediousness. Even V. Shalamov said: "The secret of Solzhenitsyn lies in the fact that he is a hopeless poetic graphomaniac with the corresponding mental makeup of this terrible disease, who has created a huge amount of unusable poetic production that can never be presented or printed anywhere."
      2. +4
        18 June 2016 16: 16
        "Over the gray plain of the sea,
        Above the steep hump of rocks
        The petrel proudly roared
        And metal on the rocks of feces
        The fat penguin is very angry
        What a pipe dream:
        He cannot, though a bird,
        Proudly pooping from a height "
        I. Huberman
        1. +7
          18 June 2016 20: 53
          Quote: stopkran
          Over the gray plain of the sea
          Above the steep hump of rocks
          The petrel proudly roared
          And metal on the rocks of feces
          The fat penguin is very angry
          What a pipe dream:
          He cannot, though a bird,
          Proudly pooping from a height "
          I. Huberman

          Let me continue:

          "Similarly and rhyming
          Forever tormented by the question:
          How so, I wanted about the storm,
          But what about diarrhea ?!
          Very enviable, and bitter.
          Sorry, scribblers, do not understand
          Why such as Gorky,
          Gubermans will never happen ... "
      3. +3
        18 June 2016 20: 50
        Gorky is truly Russian in his perception and understanding of life. Self-observation, characteristic of Russians, and in-depth introspection are also characteristic of him. And, like all Gorky’s Russian brothers, his work is saturated with ardent, passionate protest. And this is no coincidence. Gorky writes because he has something to say to the world, and he wants his word to be heard. From his clenched mighty fist come not graceful literary trinkets, pleasant, sweet and deceitful, but living truth, yes, heavy, rude and repulsive, but true. He raised his voice in defense of the outcast and despised, he denounces the world of trade and profit, protests against social injustice, against the humiliation of the poor and weak, against the brutality of the rich and strong in a frantic pursuit of influence and power. It is doubtful that the middle bourgeois, smug and successful, could understand Thomas Gordeev.

        D. London, 1900.
        1. +2
          18 June 2016 21: 32
          Who is London? When in Russia was the reprint of his complete works? In what century?
          1. +3
            18 June 2016 21: 39
            Quote: Beefeater
            Who is London?

            One thing is for sure. Not D. Dontsova.
          2. +1
            18 June 2016 23: 59
            Jack London probably)))) "White Fang", "Hearts of Three", "Smoke and the Kid" and others ...))) In the last century, he was one of the most published foreign writers in the USSR))))
        2. 0
          19 June 2016 11: 12
          Gorky is truly Russian in .....

          D. London, 1900.


          London, of course, knows better who is Russian in Russia

          But the international PR is interesting: if someone organized this graphomaniac!

          Speaking of Russians, did London read Pushkin? Dostoevsky? Leskova? Ostrovsky, finally?
    2. 0
      18 June 2016 10: 59
      Quote: baudolino
      If you read what he wrote (excluding the general writings), then he is not so proletarian.

      In fact, he is just a great writer. Without any additional prefixes. Talent, he either is or is not. And the writers write not about proletarians or oligarchs, but about people, about man as such.
      worse than a mediocre writer. AK64
      I am forced to note that a person is entitled to such a point of view only when he himself creates something of a similar level. Otherwise, only the "I like it or not like it" rating is possible. Those who do not understand this look ridiculous and rather pathetic.
      1. +1
        18 June 2016 12: 55
        I am forced to note that a person receives the right to such a point of view only when he himself creates something of a similar level.


        I don’t carry eggs either - but somehow rotten from fresh fresh.
    3. +2
      18 June 2016 21: 29
      Quote: baudolino
      If you read what he wrote (excluding the general writings), then he is not so proletarian.

      And not a writer besides
  4. +7
    18 June 2016 06: 28
    He studied at school until grade 7. My father died defending Leningrad, it was difficult for my mother to educate us, so I went to a military school - this is a secondary technical military school. At the age of 18 he was already a lieutenant. But then he graduated from two universities (LIAP, Leningrad State University, Faculty of Physics). Already at the age of 25 he became a candidate of technical sciences, at 38 years of age, a doctor of technical sciences. Then a professor, acting. a member of the Academy. I wrote this in order to make it clear that Gorky was studied at school only from certain works. And we read it in our free time in the evenings. "Samghin" especially impressed me. I consider this work to be a genius. I myself have more than 300 scientific papers and more than 40 fiction (novels and stories).
    But after reviewing the materials, which reported that the civil wife of Maxim Gorky was associated with the sale of artworks from the Hermitage abroad, the attitude towards him in society changed. But in vain it was a great writer. It is worth his work (not all of course) to study at school. He deserves it. I have the honor.
    1. +5
      18 June 2016 07: 08
      In exactly the same way, I consider "Samgin" one of the greatest works of the XNUMXth century. I read it after watching the film, avidly. The entire magnitude of Gorky's intellect is very strongly traced in this work. It is the Lump of Intellect.
      1. +1
        19 June 2016 00: 09
        And the series "The Life of Klim Samgin" is one of the most boring serials ((((
      2. 0
        19 June 2016 19: 53
        I believe that only after reading Samghin one can understand why a revolution took place in Russia. I also think that there are a lot of people for whom this book is not available.
    2. +2
      18 June 2016 09: 05
      after reviewing the materials, which reported that the civil wife of Maxim Gorky was associated with the sale of artworks from the Hermitage abroad, the attitude towards him in society changed.


      He and BEFORE the revolution was engaged in very bad things. For example, what is the "organized by him" (that is, under his name) school of terrorists in Capri? Can you imagine at least the same Solzhenitsyn who organized a school of terrorists for Russia (that is, for actions in Russia) somewhere in Switzerland? So - Gorky "arranged" (it is clear that they "arranged" under a screen, but nevertheless, what kind of goose it is)

      An offer to all "ah-ah, great": read Aleksevich, well, the one that is the New Nobel laureate and all that: you, perhaps, should like her too. All the same Gorky ...
  5. +4
    18 June 2016 06: 58
    And lately I remember the story about the heart of Danko ("Old Woman Izergil"), very much like our modern society.
  6. +7
    18 June 2016 07: 28
    The great Russian writer ... and proletarian, not proletarian, this is how anyone likes it ...
    1. 0
      18 June 2016 07: 36
      Quote: parusnik
      and proletarian, not proletarian, this is how anyone likes it ..

      Well, if the article proletarian democrat liberal ... recourse ABOUT...
    2. +6
      18 June 2016 08: 09
      Quote: parusnik
      The great Russian writer ... and proletarian, not proletarian, this is how anyone likes it ...

      Alexei, I don’t know why you are stupidly putting minuses, but Gorky (Peshkova) also passed. That's not the point, now look at the exam! Children pass through the metal detector ramps, policemen are shuffling, children are in shock. Then a dumb tabular survey, and you're talking about Gorky. Bitterly for a country that is likened to foreign standards.
      1. +3
        18 June 2016 08: 51
        ... People, joyful and full of hope, did not notice his death and did not see that his brave heart was still burning next to the corpse of Danko. Only one cautious person noticed this and, fearing something, stepped on a proud heart with his foot ... And now it, scattering into sparks, died away ...
  7. +1
    18 June 2016 08: 27
    I read somewhere that Plekhanov called "Mother" stupid and primitive. Perhaps some things have long been forgotten by A.M., but such as "Danko", or "Petrel" are relevant
    1. +1
      19 June 2016 11: 19
      "Danko" or "Petrel" are relevant


      What is "relevant" in this graphomaniac delirium?
      Well, try to rip out your heart. Will it glow? And how far will you wash away with a torn heart to go?

      Russian literature is strong precisely because of its realism. Its accuracy. And with its precise psychologism: Russian people in general are some of the best intuitive psychologists from all nations.

      And here this idiocy of Danko ... Doesn’t even draw on the phantasy.

      And the thing is that the mediocre graphomaniac was not able to write a realistic work about sacrifice.

      A gimlet ... If you consider it as a literary work, which this nonsense claims to be --- then this rubbish. Do not know how - do not write.
      But the graphomaniac was promoted, and this PR was pre-Soviet: so think about who promoted it around the world.
      1. 0
        19 June 2016 11: 56
        Quote: AK64
        What is "relevant" in this graphomaniac delirium?
        Well, try to rip out your heart. Will it glow? And how far will you wash away with a torn heart to go?

        Dear, do you know the concepts of metaphor, epithet? And the epiphora, the synecdoch? Apparently not, if you write such a heresy. Fiction, for you to understand, differs from documentary precisely in figurativeness. And if you are suddenly a philologist (which I strongly doubt), then write your accusatory remarks without errors, at least elementary. hi
        1. 0
          19 June 2016 12: 29
          Tell me honestly, only honestly: do you personally like to read Gorky? Does reading Gorky give you pleasure?

          I say again: pleasure.
          Do you read and re-read it?

          As for Danko and Burevesnik: this is graphomania.

          PS: they start to find fault with spelling when they can no longer find fault with the essence. So protected
  8. +3
    18 June 2016 08: 37
    A writer of great talent. It was later that he was given the title of proletarian. He wrote and published most of his works under the tsarist "regime" ...
    One remark on the text of the article ... "... Aleksey worked as an assistant on the steamer ..." You might think that young Peshkov served as a "first mate". Alexei was received as a barman's assistant, or, more precisely, in modern terms, a "kitchen handyman" ...
    1. -1
      18 June 2016 17: 14
      Minusator, don't hide like a hermit crab. Put a minus signify your position!
      "Gulchatay, open your face ..." (from a movie beloved by the people) ...
    2. +1
      18 June 2016 21: 16
      Quote: moskowit
      Alexei was received as a bartender's assistant, or, more precisely, in modern terms, a "kitchen handyman" ...

      I was always curious about one fact. Why, when in their youth Gorky and Chaliapin roamed together on the Volga, did they accept Aleksei Maksimovich into the church choir, but Fyodor Ivanovich did not?
      1. +2
        18 June 2016 21: 40
        Quote: Verdun
        Quote: moskowit
        Alexei was received as a bartender's assistant, or, more precisely, in modern terms, a "kitchen handyman" ...

        I was always curious about one fact. Why, when in their youth Gorky and Chaliapin roamed together on the Volga, did they accept Aleksei Maksimovich into the church choir, but Fyodor Ivanovich did not?

        Alexey Maksimovich knew how to get along with the authorities. Therefore, it was replicated among the Kremlin celestials, and Chaliapin vegetated in emigration
        1. +2
          18 June 2016 22: 57
          Quote: Beefeater
          Chaliapin vegetated in emigration

          The man to whom La Scala applauded and the Grand Opera vegetated? Oh well...
    3. +1
      19 June 2016 11: 22
      One remark on the text of the article ... "... Aleksey worked as an assistant on the steamer ..." You might think that young Peshkov served as a "first mate". Alexei was received as a barman's assistant, or, more precisely, in modern terms, a "kitchen handyman" ...


      Do not strain, the "biography" of "Maksma Gorkov" is invented everything, from cover to cover.

      If you tell you who he actually "worked" in his youth, then the number of minuses will grow to several thousand.
      (Even though his "occupation" is not a great secret)
      1. +1
        19 June 2016 12: 08
        And you write in a personal. It became interesting to me. Or give a way where you can learn such intriguing information, amazing principles ...
  9. +2
    18 June 2016 08: 54
    Storm! The storm is coming soon!

    Studying M. Gorky at school in the late 60s, he did not suspect (and could not suspect) that his words could become prophetic in the 21st century.
  10. +5
    18 June 2016 09: 32
    Subsequently, Gorky, evaluating his positions in the 1917-1918 years, recognized them as erroneous


    Well, yes, as they closed the newspaper and pressed it, he admitted it, but as a witness to what was happening, he wrote the following in 1918:

    “They make the experience of a social revolution - an occupation that is very comforting for maniacs and very useful for crooks ... They shouted: 'Steal the loot!' And they rob amazingly, artistically ... sell literally everything you can! "
    “People's Commissars treat Russia as a material for experience. The Russian people are for them a horse, which is inoculated with typhus to produce anti-typhoid serum ... "
    “The Soviet government is not shy about executions, killings, arrests, no slander, no lies ...
    "The Bolshevik policy is expressed in alignment with poverty and insignificance. Bolshevism is a national misfortune ..."
    “I will repeat to the Russian proletariat: you are being led to death, they are using you for an inhuman experience!”


    You can’t SO abruptly change your views, otherwise who will respect you?
    1. +2
      18 June 2016 13: 01
      You can’t SO abruptly change your views, otherwise who will respect you?


      In 1914, Gorky founded the Parus publishing house.
      Publishing, any, this is such a business where they make money. But Sail was some kind of weird publishing house, where did not make money. What did the Sail do?
      In 1918, the observant Bunin asked the question "what is hidden behind the Parus publishing house?" The reason for the question was simple: Sail bought, for a fair amount of money, Bunin's manuscript - but did not publish it for 2-3 years (!!!) That is, the money was frozen, it turns out.

      So: Sail was a screen (and Gorky himself was also a screen - parsley on strings) for money laundering. With the goal of ... financing the Russian revolutionaries.

      The question "where does the money come from?" I propose to do it on your own - the money is EXACTLY not from publishing (Parus worked very ineffectively as a publishing house, publishing practically nothing.)
      1. 0
        18 June 2016 21: 46
        And the money was given by Russian intellectuals. Professors and lawyers.
        1. +1
          19 June 2016 11: 28
          And the money was given by Russian intellectuals. Professors and lawyers.


          Well, well

          So you personally, how much of YOUR money you will give even for the best deal? Or do you think that intellectuals are dumber?
  11. +2
    18 June 2016 09: 36
    Whatever you say. But you cannot throw out of history, no matter how you treat an outstanding personality. And it’s true - most of his works were published under the “bloody, tsarist regime”.
    1. +4
      18 June 2016 14: 34
      And, this is the biggest flaw of the special services of the "bloody, tsarist regime." He shouted like a petrel, shit and blew off to Italy ... to treat sore nerves
  12. +1
    18 June 2016 09: 57
    Thank you for the article. Only, probably, in the beginning crept typo? Means 1936 year?
  13. -1
    18 June 2016 10: 51
    Well, Maxim died, well, recourse ... am with him!
    1. +4
      18 June 2016 16: 09
      "It's a shame ..." (from the wonderful movie "Heart of a Dog") ...
      In vain you are so, my dear, Gorky left a mark in world literature ... You are not fair with him, not fair.
  14. +1
    18 June 2016 11: 49
    The then status of M. Gorky - "Next to the Party!" :about)
  15. +2
    18 June 2016 13: 23
    Why, they all (progressive Russian writers) are dying "abroad", and not with a rifle in their hands in the vastness of Russia ?! recourse Convenient: "late evening, in Sorrento ..." (music by Glyzin, words by M. Gorky ...)
  16. 0
    18 June 2016 13: 42
    dies unexpectedly under strange circumstances
    it sounds strange when the Supreme Court officially "innocently repressed" several people for the murder of Gorky.
  17. +4
    18 June 2016 14: 53
    somehow everyone forgets that the great and proletarian steadfastly endured the hardships and deprivations of aristocratic life on the island of Capri, Italian territory - i.e. in the country under the rule of the fascist Mussolini.
    And in his homeland they built personal communism.

    And the writer Maxim Gorky is the strongest, and the man was wonderful.

    Only who is reading it now?
    1. 0
      18 June 2016 15: 30
      Suppose I don’t read, but just remember ..
  18. +2
    18 June 2016 15: 28
    Man and plane
    "Maxim Gorky", and fate is not so hot ... there was a printing house on board.
    1. 0
      18 June 2016 18: 30
      Tupolev ANT-20 "Maxim Gorky". The idea of ​​creating the aircraft "Maxim Gorky" belonged to the young, but already well-known journalist, Stalin's favorite, Mikhail Koltsov. In September 1932, the Soviet Union solemnly celebrated the 40th anniversary of the literary activity of the "great proletarian writer" Maxim Gorky. As a gift to the writer, Koltsov offered to organize a collection of money throughout the country for the construction of the world's largest aircraft, which will bear his name. He was to become the flagship of a special squadron of aircraft designed for agitation and propaganda.
    2. 0
      23 June 2016 21: 53
      Quote: Barracuda
      Man and plane
      "Maxim Gorky", and fate is not so hot ... there was a printing house on board.

      Here it is! What nonsense - to make a printing house on board an airplane - such as the pinnacle of design thought?
  19. +4
    18 June 2016 16: 27
    Motor ship "Maxim Gorky". Photo from the website banquetokhod.rf
    On the ship's website, the description underlines:
    - built in a single copy,
    - belonged to I.V. Stalin.
    I remember the words: "... but anyone will enter here behind a penny to push a bull into the cannon ..." and so on.
  20. 0
    18 June 2016 16: 39
    Eh, it was more necessary to read proletarian writers.
    Thanks to the author for the article!
    soldier
  21. 0
    18 June 2016 16: 53
    Without reading "Samghin" it is difficult to understand the era. The rest of the works are "for an amateur".
  22. +4
    18 June 2016 17: 56
    For me, there are more "proletarian" of the time. The same Green, Gilyarovsky (well, a journalist, but as he writes!). Without hysterics and pathos, but, IMHO, the impact on the soul - many times more. And Gorky ... he would have a good editor .... IMHO.
  23. +2
    18 June 2016 18: 00
    Quote: samarin1969
    Without reading "Samghin" it is difficult to understand the era. The rest of the works are "for an amateur".

    It's just a book. Nothing more than how to judge hell by the "Master". Sapienti Sat.
  24. 0
    18 June 2016 19: 38
    proletarian not proletarian I do not know .. soon the national and great writer
  25. +1
    18 June 2016 19: 42
    Quote: AK64
    Are you closer to Solzhenitsyn ?!


    Solzhenitsyn, quite objectively, is already a writer, and a good writer. Not great, but already a writer.

    Whereas Gorky is nothing more than an outspoken graphomaniac.

    Is Solzhenitsyn a great writer? I beg you ... Frank Russophobe and an enemy of Russia! From behind the hill I tried to teach how to equip Russia. Ugh and grind ...
    1. +2
      18 June 2016 19: 49
      And besides, a coward and a deserter. A creature that despised its military duty.
      1. 0
        18 June 2016 22: 42
        I agree! But why is his wife still in Russia ?! Here, warm, nourishing and money ?! Or is he waiting for sketches of the Order of the "Liberal Cross-I degree" ?!
    2. +1
      19 June 2016 11: 32
      Is Solzhenitsyn a great writer? I beg you ... Frank Russophobe and an enemy of Russia! From behind the hill I tried to teach how to equip Russia. Ugh and grind ...


      You still do not know how to read?
      Read carefully what I wrote. AND how exactly characterized Solzhenitsin

      As for "equipping": You haven't read this either, have you? But the program that was outlined there was (1) doable, and (2) much better than the current throwing. Better already that she was national
    3. The comment was deleted.
  26. +1
    19 June 2016 00: 14
    Is it possible in more detail about the foster children of the great and bitter? Especially about what prompted Alexei Maximovich to adopt his brother Jacob Sverdlov (and in what year?) - the future French general?
    1. 0
      19 June 2016 11: 49
      Is it possible in more detail about the foster children of the great and bitter?


      It is impossible: minuses may not be enough for workers
  27. 0
    19 June 2016 12: 27
    As for "equipping": You haven't read this either, have you?

    I haven’t read it. And what’s characteristic, I’m not going to. I do not read the works of traitors without special need. No.
    1. +1
      19 June 2016 13: 37
      I haven’t read it. And what’s characteristic, I’m not going to.

      But then what is the point of blaming? Or discuss?


      I do not read the works of traitors without special need.

      Whom or what exactly did Solzhenitsin “betray”? And to whom did he betray?

      Ah, he "betrayed" communism ... Well ...
  28. 0
    20 June 2016 19: 30
    Quote: AK64
    I haven’t read it. And what’s characteristic, I’m not going to.

    But then what is the point of blaming? Or discuss?


    I do not read the works of traitors without special need.

    Whom or what exactly did Solzhenitsin “betray”? And to whom did he betray?

    Ah, he "betrayed" communism ... Well ...

    Yes, there is nothing to discuss here. I have my own opinion: Solzhenitsyn belongs to the category of people who made a name for slandering and spitting on Russia (whatever it is called), and you, dear, will not change my mind. You have your opinion ... Why is there a debate?
  29. 0
    23 June 2016 22: 08
    The writer Gorky is, firstly, a really mediocre writer, and secondly, an active Russophobe. Read his articles on the Russian village for example.

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