"There was not a single year when volumes fell, there was always growth"

33


Director General of the Rostec State Corporation, SERGEY CHEMEZOV, is one of the founders of the current system of military-technical cooperation between Russia and other countries. He told a special Kommersant correspondent, Ivan Safronov, why the creation of a single intermediary for deliveries weapons justified himself, and also revealed the details of some resonant contracts.

- What prerequisites existed at the beginning of 2000 for creating a state mediator in the person of Rosoboronexport?

- In 1990, practically everything was involved in the sale of weapons in Russia: most enterprises had licenses giving the right to conduct foreign economic activity. Licenses allowed them to supply their weapons and military equipment abroad. This led to serious internal competition between the existing Rosvooruzhenie, Promeksport and Rostekhnologii. Companies were created to address specific narrow-profile issues: Rosvooruzhenie was supposed to sell exclusively new military products to foreign customers, Promexport - to supply weapons belonging to the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Russian Technologies - to transfer licenses for construction, for example, of factories. In fact, everyone was doing everything. Manufacturers who also traded in weapons entered into the competition. They could be understood: the state defense order was tiny, so the companies were ready to sell their products to anyone and receive at least some money for it, just to load their capacities and not let production die. The figures speak for themselves: in 2000, the volume of arms exports was $ 2,9 billion.

Then the idea arose to create a single company that would become the state intermediary in the supply of final products, thereby removing competition between enterprises in the domestic market.

- Who started to work on the reform?

- We with Ilya Klebanov (in the 1999-2002 years, Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation - “Kommersant”) developed a new system. Our task was not just to invent a company, but to design an existing system of military-technical cooperation. It was decided to build a presidential vertical: to close the system to the president, who would have the last word on the issue of supplying weapons to certain countries, and create a commission under the head of state — a collegial body. As a result, a committee on military-technical cooperation with the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation appeared, which since 2004 has turned into the service and the only supplier of finished products - Rosoboronexport. At the same time, the enterprises secured the right to supply spare parts and repair already delivered products. We have a unique system like it in the world does not exist, and it has already proven its effectiveness.

- Were there any opponents of such a system?

- There were, of course, very much. Enterprises were against it, because with such a configuration, they lost the right to trade arms independently - objectively, their level of efficiency was quite low. Rosoboronexport has 50 offices around the world, not a single company in Russia could and could not reach such a number of countries. For 15 years, we put weapons in 116 countries worth $ 115 billion. Not long ago our order book was $ 45 billion, and now $ 48 billion. Time has shown that the decisions made then were correct: export volumes are growing. There was not a single year when volumes fell, growth was always observed: today, the volume of deliveries through Rosoboronexport has exceeded $ 13 billion annually, and together with other enterprises over $ 15 billion.

- The option of creating a scheme like the one that operates in the United States has never been considered? I mean the sale of weapons through the Pentagon.

- It is unlikely that it would be viable in our conditions. It would be necessary to create a separate structure in the Ministry of Defense, so that it deals only with these issues. This would certainly lead to an increase in budget expenditures for the maintenance of the apparatus. I do not think that this is relevant now.

- How do you feel about the fact that some companies are seeking the right to supply finished products around Rosoboronexport?

- For this, a separate presidential decree is needed: he has that right. This is all enshrined in the law on military-technical cooperation. This was the case, for example, when the Pantsir-S1 anti-aircraft missile-gun systems (developed by the Tula KBP.- "Kommersant") were supplied to Syria.

- How much does Rosoboronexport receive commissions for its work?

- No more than 4% of the transaction amount - this restriction is established by the government of the Russian Federation. But this is if we are talking about the supply of new technology. In the case of the sale of weapons from the presence of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, the commission is less - 1,5%. On average per year is less than 3%.

- The largest buyers of Russian weapons are known: for example, India, China, Algeria, Vietnam and Egypt. Are their financial opportunities enough to keep up the pace in the coming years?

- I think enough. After all, military equipment is prone to become useless over time, it needs to be changed. There are also factors that dictate the need to return to military procurement. Where there is war and armed conflict, there will always be a demand for weapons. Conflicts in the Middle East draw attention to our weapons.

- Are China, Egypt and Algeria interested in Buk-M2E and Antey-2500 anti-aircraft missile systems, as well as Triumph C-400 systems?

- There is. I note that we have a rule: first we supply the armament of our army, and then we sell arms abroad. Many customers are asked to deliver the ordered weapons to them earlier, but we immediately warn them about the dates and the order - this was the case, for example, with China.

“And when will the Chinese army get the C-400 systems?”

- Not earlier than 2018 of the year.

- Do you regret the loss of the Libyan market?

- Of course, we had a package of contracts for $ 7 billion there. But today we don’t have to talk about a serious increase in purchases: there is an official government that does not have funds, and there is an opposition to which we cannot sell weapons. If purchases are, then, most likely, small.

- What can you say about the Syrian market?

- Russia has saved Damascus from the fate of Tripoli with its efforts, it is obvious that now they have other issues on the agenda. They are interested in supplies, but after 2011, no major contracts were concluded.

- But after all, some of the previously concluded contracts were not executed. Why haven’t C-300 been supplied to Syria?

- We lost time. Before the start of the civil war in the country, we had the opportunity to supply the Syrian military complexes. But in the end the contract was terminated. In agreement with the Syrian side in the amount of the advance payment, we carried out repairs of their equipment, as well as supplied spare parts and ammunition.

- The groundwork, which was prepared for Syria, was used to supply C-300PMU-2 to Iran?

- Yes, we are talking about four divisions. We stopped producing the "300" for a long time, and Iran insisted only on C-300. We also offered a more modern "Antey-2500", but they were adamant.

- How are C-300 delivered to Iran?

- In accordance with the contract. Some of the components have already been delivered to the customer, I hope that by the end of the year we will execute this contract.

- Does Tehran show interest in other types of weapons?

- They are showing, but talking about signing contracts for offensive weapons - sort of tanks T-90 or Su-30SM fighters - not necessary. As long as the UN Security Council sanctions exist, we will supply what is not subject to restrictions, for example, air defense systems. We have never violated international agreements. We will not break now.
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33 comments
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  1. +11
    4 June 2016 18: 20
    The Americans do not bother with any "UN sanctions", they want to supply and are supplying their weapons. As for the company, it was done right. In general, gunsmiths work very effectively, in contrast to the same Rusnano by Chubais, which only sucks money from the budget, and even gives pearls like "give us a loan at 5% per annum."
    1. +2
      4 June 2016 18: 38
      Quote: Altona
      And as for the company, it was done correctly.

      competently everything, when the crowd traded even something so little money, probably gray
      1. +3
        4 June 2016 19: 26
        Quote: Altona
        Americans do not bother with any "UN sanctions"
        A little correction ... bother and how bother!
        After all, they come up with these sanctions.
        1. +4
          4 June 2016 21: 43
          No matter how they twitch, our product is very much in demand.
        2. The comment was deleted.
    2. +9
      4 June 2016 20: 20
      I can’t understand why the redhead is still not sitting?
      1. +2
        4 June 2016 20: 48
        Spine for. winkFrom the forever drunken legacy ... to the load, as it were.
      2. +6
        4 June 2016 21: 58
        Quote: Siberian 1975
        I can’t understand why the redhead is still not sitting?


        but what is there to understand?
        he sits, moving from one office to another.
        a person of the system, even if he sells something else tomorrow, max that threatens him is a transfer to another chair in the building opposite.
        a genius of our time, Father Bender is just a child in comparison with the red nanodirector.
      3. The comment was deleted.
      4. Erg
        +5
        4 June 2016 22: 45
        Quote: Sibiryak 1975
        I can’t understand why the redhead is still not sitting?

        Can you understand why Sberbank does not work in Crimea? And why "there is no money" if we have a ruble machine? Take an interest in this at least. And there the path will lead ... And Chubais ... He is the largest, patamushta ... Yes
      5. +3
        4 June 2016 23: 28
        Quote: Sibiryak 1975
        I can’t understand why the redhead is still not sitting?


        And he will never sit down. Unsinkable cattle. Wherever you put him, you’ll shit him everywhere. This is a 90s float system. Years are over, and the system is booming. am
    3. 0
      4 June 2016 20: 21
      Rostec ... 800 mln. recently read ... and this is just one case ...
  2. cap
    +9
    4 June 2016 18: 21
    For 15 years, we have supplied weapons to 116 countries worth $ 115 billion. More recently, our portfolio of orders amounted to $ 45 billion, and now $ 48 billion.

    Good luck to our military-industrial complex and further development!
    Everyone has someone to follow.
    1. 0
      4 June 2016 22: 16
      What does the military-industrial complex have to do with it? They only "assist" the military-industrial complex, while the main task of this state office is to concentrate the arms market in one hands, eliminate unnecessary competition, in short, dictate the rules of the game. Traders, in other words. And what could they create by working since 2009?
      Read, in the article - not a word about the development of weapons, only a boast - how many greens of green were able to sell equipment.
      Head of PR.
      1. +1
        5 June 2016 16: 24
        In general, the interview is based on answers to questions posed by a journalist. What they ask is what they answer him. Since they asked about Rosoboronexport, they answer in financial terms
        1. -1
          5 June 2016 18: 58
          Let it be known to you, these kind of thematic "interviews" are virtual from beginning to end and are often prepared by assistant managers (who are also responsible for communication with the media) - usually BOSS only edits the text before sending it to the media.
          This is PR, not an interview - like, we’re not just intermediaries and helmsmen in the arms export market, we earn denyushki (you don’t praise yourself, you risk being left without praise).
          By the way, the PR assistant for this Boss, I think, gets 50-60 thousand - you also need to work out money for a person.
  3. +3
    4 June 2016 18: 35
    The performance characteristics of our weapons, we habitually underestimate, and the striped-eared - overstate. Knowing this, foreign buyers are in line laughing who will refuse to receive more than promised for their money!
    1. +2
      4 June 2016 19: 41
      Quote: Mountain Shooter
      who will refuse to receive more than promised for their money!

      Especially with the S-400 for the Chinese, this phrase looks o-very symbolic.)))
      I think that for such a product it is necessary to tear from them the highest possible price. All the same, after all, they will dismantle it to a screw and "get more than promised!"laughing
      1. -1
        5 June 2016 07: 03
        Quote: Thunderbolt
        Especially with the S-400 for the Chinese, this phrase looks o-very symbolic.)))
        I think that for such a product it is necessary to tear from them the highest possible price. All the same, after all, they will dismantle it to a screw and "get more than promised!"


        Sense of what to take apart? In addition, in fact, the size of the screws.
        They will not receive either alloy technology or software, as an example - frankly lousy aircraft engines of their own production, although they bought our engines in considerable quantities.
      2. 0
        5 June 2016 13: 57
        Quote: Thunderbolt
        . All the same, after all, they will take it apart to a screw and "get more than promised!"


        Get upset disassemble-collect. This is not a Rubik's Cube. And the 3-D printer will not help, it’s not for you to clone a Chinese brother
    2. 0
      5 June 2016 14: 29
      Quote: Mountain Shooter
      The performance characteristics of our weapons, we habitually underestimate, and the striped-eared - overstate.


      And this is the point. Calibrated qualitatively, the boys still circulate in their hands trembling, counting radius.
  4. +7
    4 June 2016 18: 41
    MTC, one of the areas that is the "locomotive" of the economy. The volumes of supplies are increasing, which means we read that employment has increased in the entire cooperation chain of the military-industrial complex.
    Be that as it may, but even if some products were designed and manufactured for a specific foreign order, they were subsequently used in an already more advanced form, for the needs of their army good
  5. +1
    4 June 2016 19: 22
    "... How much Rosoboronexport receives commissions for its work ..."
    In a year, that way, in 1970-1975, such a question would have "carried away" a lot of people under Article 64 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR ... Times are changing ... People, too! Or, people - the same, only "different circumstances"? ! feel
  6. +2
    4 June 2016 19: 23
    By the way, such a hello from the Americans of present Dill ...
  7. 0
    4 June 2016 20: 19
    This led to serious internal competition between the then existing Rosvooruzheniye, Promexport and Rostekhnologii. It was then that the idea arose to create a single company that would become a state intermediary in the supply of final products, thereby eliminating competition between enterprises in the domestic market.
    Well, by trial and error, we managed to develop an efficient and reliable structure. Respect! "Grind" and further her work! More orders in your portfolio hi
  8. +5
    4 June 2016 20: 25
    We can add to the above that in this area we still have a lot of work. From 1979 to 1990, I was the head of the 6th State University of Medicine of the USSR In addition to product release, R&D, testing and exercises, my task was to equip aerodromes (RSBN facilities, instrument landing systems, airborne landing gears, air defense systems, drive stations, direction finding radios, etc. were needed at subordinate enterprises) It was necessary at the airfields of the Warsaw Pact countries equip and create these airfields. At present, more than 39 thousand of our combat aircraft are in service in 5 countries. The supply of airfield equipment and especially simulators for OBU and LRP is not conducted. And this is hundreds of billions of dollars. USA for our budget. I have the honor.
  9. +1
    4 June 2016 20: 46
    Even lies. My former colleagues say that it was the Antey 2500 that went to Iran ...
    1. 0
      4 June 2016 21: 37
      Quote: Angry Guerrilla
      My former colleagues say that it was the Antey 2500 that went to Iran ...
      Hi drinks !
      Then I will dare to assume that this is a secret delivery. Because at the spring parade the Iranians demonstrated precisely the detection radar station included in the air defense missile systems of the PMU. There are no such wheeled vehicles and stations in Antey.
      PS This was a pleasant surprise for the Pentagon hawks. And you told. Eh, and also partisans! wassat bully soldier
      [img] http://www.russianarms.ru/forum/index.php?action=dlattach;topic=11388.0;att


      ach = 131974; image [/ img]
  10. 0
    4 June 2016 20: 51
    Yes, by the way, is it not in our Sverdlovsk region? s \ x led in the 80s? Surname is the same ...
    1. +2
      4 June 2016 21: 10
      "Your" Sverdlovsk region .. wink He needs it very much! There in his personal circulation: "Aeroflot", "AvtoVaz", "KamAZ", "Uralkali" ... Go to bed, beggar ...
      1. +2
        4 June 2016 22: 09
        For AvtoVAZ, burn you in Hell! (Chemezov). Like that girl, pitying the dog, she cut off a centimeter of tail per day. Automotive, in Russia - no, point of no return - passed hi
  11. 0
    4 June 2016 21: 08
    Chubais is an iconic figure. He seems to be sitting in a dressing room in front of the President's prison. This is one of those trump cards that must be used in time. Maybe I'm wrong, but I think so. "And now - Humpbacked !!!" - for some reason I remember ...
    1. +3
      4 June 2016 22: 17
      Quote: Abbra
      This is one of those trump cards that must be used on time.
      This "trump card" lives too much of a trump card. Yes ... For me, if you notice a swindler in your house, take a club and beat it so that you don't crawl away alive! I'm exaggerating, but it's okay to twist the coy and turn him over to the police. Don't watch the red fox come to your chicken coop every morning.
      I think that the old ties prevent the president, at least as Luzhkov, from sending Chubais to honorary emigration, because both of them from the St. Petersburg team and Chubais himself invited him to power, to Mr. Sobchak.
      Moreover, this unsinkable led Privatization, which means that all auctions went through it, in fact, who knows what it got into ownership and under what circumstances, violations of the law, etc.
      Remove this brick and the entire "elite" will stagger. After all, it is one of the basic stones of our statehood laid in the foundation of the system in 1991 (the most dashing!) Year.
  12. +3
    4 June 2016 21: 23
    Strange interview. Especially the passage about Libya. 7 billion dollars lost. And so calmly this is said, as if the rabbit died in the country, or CSKA once again beat Spartak.
    Has this gentleman ever tried to fight properly with "partners" for the same Libya? Or is the friendship of peoples everywhere seen after reading the gray book "History of the CPSU"? Especially the friendship between the American and Russian peoples. Yes, there is no friendship and cannot be. Families can be friends, not states. The war starts for a billion dollars, how can you do it. And this one speaks of missed opportunities. When and where else will we be expelled next time? Is the intelligence not reporting to him?
  13. 0
    5 June 2016 09: 23
    Yes, if you consider the base level of the baseboard. Sharpie.

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