NATO rapid reaction forces are not suitable for deployment in Eastern Europe (The Financial Times, UK)
A new NATO rapid reaction force called Spearheads cannot be deployed in Eastern Europe if war breaks out with Russia. These are the estimates of military leaders from the North Atlantic Alliance.
The high-alert operational group (VJTF), numbering five thousand people, most of which was discussed at the NATO summit in 2014, and which is designed to counter Russian aggression, will be too vulnerable during the deployment phase and in preparation for deployment in Poland or the Baltic states. This was reported to the Financial Times by two high-ranking NATO generals who are closely acquainted with the issues of military planning and logistics support of the alliance.
Russia's decision to significantly increase the military grouping in the Kaliningrad region, located in the Baltic States between Poland and Lithuania, and the presence of significant forces and assets in the border areas will lead to the fact that these NATO ultrafast response forces can be defeated even before they are ready for fighting east of the Oder [Germany’s eastern border line], said one of the generals.
The shortcomings of the rapid reaction forces became one of the main reasons why the alliance decided to place more troops on its eastern flank on a permanent basis.
At the July summit in Warsaw, members of the alliance should approve a range of measures to improve NATO’s equipment and readiness to conduct practical territorial defense, and not just to implement deterrence. These measures indicate how alarmed the alliance is the prospect of a conflict with Russia in Europe.
A meeting of the foreign ministers of the countries of the North Atlantic Alliance will be held this week in Brussels, where the agenda and the decisions of the upcoming summit will be agreed upon.
One of the measures under consideration is the deployment of four battalions from four NATO member states in the Baltic countries of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, as well as in Poland. According to one high-ranking Polish diplomat, this measure is the “absolute minimum” of what needs to be done.
According to NATO officials, such a high-alert operational group is an essential component of defense, although it is limited in its use, being only an effective means of initial response in case of applying Article 5 of the alliance’s charter, or starting a war involving a NATO member, when a collective response of all 28 member countries.
“A high-availability task force is created in case of situations envisaged by the 4 article, and this is how we intend to use it,” said Polish brigadier general Krzysztof Krol, deputy commander of the multinational corps in the north-east. “But in all our planning work, we take into account the 5 article.”
"Spearhead" retains its value to prevent situations stipulated in Article 4, when civil unrest, trespassing and other actions may escalate into armed conflict, said General Krol. “A plan was developed to respond to hybrid threats in our area of responsibility. We adapt our plans to various situations, ”he added.
The NATO leadership believes that the Russian military plans to use such “hybrid” measures to weaken their likely adversary as incitement and manipulation measures before the start of interstate hostilities. NATO claims that this tactic is openly applied in Ukraine.
An alliance spokesman said that the "Spearhead" is ready for rapid deployment "in any possible situation," including the conflict provided for in Article 5. However, he acknowledged that the buildup by Russia of its military forces complicates the picture.
“Russia has anti-aircraft and anti-ship missiles, both land-based and sea-based, as well as combat aircraft, which are based in the Kaliningrad region and in other areas on Russian territory. These missiles can cover vast areas, ”said this representative.
“Such a concentration of Russian forces and equipment creates threats that we are well aware of and which we take into account when planning. On the eve of the Warsaw summit, we take into account these additional dimensions, strengthening and modernizing our deterrent and defense forces. NATO will do everything necessary to contain any threats and to protect all members of the alliance. ”
- Sam Jones (Sam Jones)
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