Media: in the near future, the Russian Federation and India will sign a contract to conduct the R & D project of the 5 generation fighter

72
Russia and India will soon sign an experimental development contract for the joint project of the 5 generation FGFA, reports RIA News Post Indian newspaper Tribune.



The issue of signing an agreement on OCR stretches from 2013, its cost is estimated at $ 4 billion.

“The prototype of a fighter on a joint contract can rise into the sky of India for three years already,” writes the publication. “Earlier, the outline design for the amount of 295 million dollars was successfully completed.”

Indian military believes that the aircraft needs a new engine. They note that "the T-50 engine is only an improved version of the AL-41F1 engine installed on Sukhoi-30MKI aircraft, which are produced under license in India."

Also, according to the newspaper, the Ministry of Defense of India "insists on the proportional share of work from the Indian side on OCD".

According to the source of the publication, “in the case of signing an agreement and technology transfer, it could be more than 200 of the newest fighters that the Indian side will receive in 20 years”.

Help Agency: “FGFA (Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft) is the export version of the fifth-generation Russian fighter PAK FA (T-50). This project is part of the Make in India policy of the current Indian government. From the Russian side, the aircraft developer is the Sukhoi Design Bureau, and from the Indian side, Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd. ”
  • www.youtube.com
Our news channels

Subscribe and stay up to date with the latest news and the most important events of the day.

72 comments
Information
Dear reader, to leave comments on the publication, you must sign in.
  1. +10
    12 May 2016 17: 46
    Damn where is India all this? Five regiments with 400 new fighters! India doesn’t like democracy! She doesn’t want her to ever fly to her) ₽)
    1. +10
      12 May 2016 17: 48
      Why do we need India in the development of T-50, explain who understands?
      1. +8
        12 May 2016 17: 52
        Quote: ravend
        Why do we need India in the development of T-50, explain who understands?

        When he flies with them, they will proudly speak - here, half of ours, Indian, and if he doesn’t fly, or even more so, will fall, will all be blamed on the Russians ...
        1. +3
          12 May 2016 19: 31
          Quote: Alex_Rarog
          Damn where is India all this? Five regiments with 400 new fighters! India doesn’t like democracy! She doesn’t want her to ever fly to her) ₽)


          But what about Pakistan, the bloodiest and eternal enemy of the Buddhists? Flew to Mars?
          1. +4
            12 May 2016 19: 51
            And China is still in place and with claims ...)))
      2. +10
        12 May 2016 17: 55
        Quote: ravend
        Why do we need India in the development of T-50, explain who understands?

        Hindus finance our work on the PAK FA, investing a lot of money, with the intention of subsequently creating on its basis a two-seat fighter based on the T-50.
        1. +1
          12 May 2016 18: 54
          Tell us when and how did the Indians finance our PAK-FA?
          1. +5
            12 May 2016 19: 02
            Quote: zaz69
            Tell us when and how did the Indians finance our PAK-FA?

            The first contract for the development of the technical appearance of the future car, signed in 2010, was completed in June 2013 and cost $ 295 million. After that, for more than two years there was agreement on the conditions for further work on the aircraft.

            Under the contract of the second stage, a full-scale R&D will be launched, which will allow developing a fighter taking into account the requirements of the Indian side. The volume of the transaction, whose execution is designed for seven years (including three years before the first flight of the car) is estimated at four billion dollars.





            India complains about PAK FA fighter project
            Delhi put forward more than 40 wishes, in particular, the Indians are seeking the use of the latest Russian engines that provide cruising supersonic speed (the existing AL-41F1 do not suit them), an airborne radar system with a circular view, and also require lowering radar visibility in comparison with the prototype.

            The FGFA aircraft is based on the fifth-generation Russian fighter T-50, created by Sukhoi Design Bureau as part of the PAK FA project. According to earlier estimates, India’s share in the structure of the work on the creation of the FGFA will reach 40 percent (initially the level was only 13 percent)
            The FGFA project was developed by specialists from the Sukhoi holding and Indian Hindustan Aeronautics Limited. The aircraft is based on the Russian T-50, the fighter's armament is a compromise: Indian Astra missiles and Russian-Indian BrahMos cruise missiles. Indian FGFA will be two-seater, in addition to the pilot, a weapons operator will be added to the cockpit. According to various sources, the new fighter will enter the Indian Air Force military formations in 2021-2023.
            1. +3
              12 May 2016 20: 02
              India complains about PAK FA fighter project

              The Hindus still think that we have the beginning of the 90s, when they received modern military equipment for very little money. Yes, this to some extent contributed to the survival of our military-industrial complex, but they still did not abandon their old habits.
            2. +3
              12 May 2016 20: 10
              Quote: NEXUS
              According to various sources, the new fighter will enter the Indian Air Force military units in 2021-2023.


              With such a pace of "trade" around the project, hike, hell, where will it go in 2030.
        2. The comment was deleted.
      3. -1
        12 May 2016 18: 45
        Quote: ravend
        Why do we need India in the development of T-50, explain who understands?

        Grandmas, especially evergreens ...
        Now in Russia they are ready to sell everything that is possible and even that which is impossible ....
      4. +5
        12 May 2016 18: 58
        They need a fighter. We need an export version of PAK. It’s like with the Su-30 MKI. We developed an export version with imported avionics for Indian money. Then almost the same option was sold to other countries. Everyone is happy
        1. +2
          13 May 2016 07: 40
          Quote: Winnie76
          It’s like with the Su-30 MKI. We developed an export version with imported avionics for Indian money. Then almost the same option was sold to other countries. Everyone is happy

          And it was this very option that they began to purchase themselves! What, after all, after all the other buyers! The Su-30 SM does not surpass the MKI in anything, rather the opposite.
          1. 0
            13 May 2016 07: 44
            Quote: Stas157
            ы
            And it was this very option that they began to purchase themselves! What, after all, after all the other buyers!

            They began to buy in the last turn because before there was stupidly no money for their purchase for themselves.
      5. +4
        12 May 2016 19: 08
        Quote: ravend
        Media: in the near future, the Russian Federation and India will sign a contract to conduct the R & D project of the 5 generation fighter

        What other OCD ??? This is the work of the first stage of design! We T-50 is already in combat units undergoing entrepreneurial operation.
        Perhaps the author has in mind that the Indians (at one time they let the joint part of the PAK FA work down the brakes) decided for less money, by sticking to the project, to get T-50s modified for themselves ??? For this we need OCD ???
        The Indian military believes that a new engine is needed for the aircraft.

        What problems? Does someone bother you? Do and bet! Or did you decide to get a second-stage engine for free?
        With these cunning partners you have to be very careful!
      6. 0
        12 May 2016 19: 27
        Quote: ravend
        Why do we need India in the development of T-50, explain who understands?

        I think that such a project will attract India to Russia 20 years ahead in the aviation sector and therefore will not allow the Americans to fully influence India at this time.
        1. +4
          12 May 2016 19: 43
          Quote: APASUS
          I think that similar the project will draw India to Russia 20 years ahead in the aviation sector and therefore will not allow the Americans to influence India at this time in full.

          Nothing like this! Their policy:
          "Make in India"

          It assumes the maximum gradual localization of foreign advanced military developments in order to minimize their own costs and master secret developments. That is, at a certain moment we will be told: "Thank you all, everyone is free!" Then we ourselves will produce your aircraft. And we need it, to raise the military level of a country that does not owe us anything for free ??? fool
      7. +1
        12 May 2016 20: 08
        Quote: ravend
        Why do we need India in the development of T-50, explain who understands?

        The economy of India-3-I in the world
        1. +2
          12 May 2016 20: 37
          Quote: Sukhoy_T-50
          Quote: ravend
          Why do we need India in the development of T-50, explain who understands?

          The economy of India-3-I in the world

          And how is this connected with the supply of the T-50 developed and brought by us to our combat units?
          Or do you want to say that we should sell them the latest secret aircraft because India is the 3rd world economy? FGFA is another song, it is needed primarily by India and not by us.
          1. Hon
            0
            13 May 2016 13: 05
            Quote: GSH-18
            And how is this connected with the supply of the T-50 developed and brought by us to our combat units?
            Or do you want to say that we should sell them the latest secret aircraft because India is the 3rd world economy? FGFA is another song, it is needed primarily by India and not by us.

            Well, we are selling to the Chinese, the latest secret complex S-400, although it only entered our troops. Already in 2017, deliveries will begin
        2. +1
          12 May 2016 22: 26
          Quote: Sukhoy_T-50
          The economy of India-3-I in the world

          And with regard to manufacturability and innovative development, even the top ten is not included
          1. Hon
            0
            13 May 2016 13: 06
            Quote: APASUS
            And with regard to manufacturability and innovative development, even the top ten is not included

            Actually one of the leaders in the development of electronics and information systems
      8. +1
        12 May 2016 20: 13
        Together with India, FGFA will be developed, not the T50. This, as approximately, ONYX and Bramos. And why jointly - because they want to save money for their own development. In fact, we just sell technology.
        1. +1
          12 May 2016 20: 39
          Quote: BerBer
          In fact, we just sell technology.

          Hi-tech! What absolutely can not be done! stop
      9. +1
        12 May 2016 23: 53
        Quote: ravend
        why do we need india

        Uncle Poghosyan needed her.
      10. 0
        13 May 2016 08: 43
        Quote: ravend
        Why do we need India in the development of T-50, explain who understands?

        read the Bhagavad-gita lol
      11. Hon
        0
        13 May 2016 12: 57
        Electronics
        Quote: ravend
        Why do we need India in the development of T-50, explain who understands?
    2. +6
      12 May 2016 17: 49
      Quote: Alex_Rarog
      Damn where is India all this? Five regiments with 400 new fighters! India doesn’t like democracy! She doesn’t want her to ever fly to her) ₽

      Everything is much closer - Pakistan on the side.
      1. +2
        12 May 2016 18: 08
        Quote: lelikas
        Everything is much closer - Pakistan sideways

        Wow, it’s not easy with China, there are unresolved territorial issues.
        1. +2
          12 May 2016 18: 12
          Quote: Jura
          Wow, it’s not easy with China, there are unresolved territorial issues.

          But while India and China are in the same union called BRICS. By the way, Pakistan has also applied for entry. And BRICS, I think this is not only an economic and political union, but also a military one.
          1. +4
            12 May 2016 18: 52
            Quote: NEXUS
            But while India and China are in the same union called BRICS. By the way, Pakistan has also applied for entry. And BRICS, I think this is not only an economic and political union, but also a military one.

            There is no BRICS union; it is, a declarative organization of developing economies.
            Russia and Brazil have already dropped out, the candidates are Taiwan and Thailand.
          2. 0
            12 May 2016 19: 08
            Quote: NEXUS
            But while India and China are in the same union called BRICS. By the way, Pakistan has also applied for entry. And BRICS, I think this is not only an economic and political union, but also a military one.
            I agree, common affairs and projects bring together and issues are resolved with a more positive approach of the parties, let's hope for reason.
          3. 0
            12 May 2016 22: 55
            Quote: NEXUS
            And BRICS, I think this is not only an economic and political union, but also a military one.

            as if the countries of the union did not arrange a war among themselves ...
    3. +1
      12 May 2016 17: 51
      When everything is already resolved with the development of the aircraft.
    4. +6
      12 May 2016 18: 01
      They have China on their side and in extreme conflict, India ceded territory to them, and China continues to build up its army and equip it ... India can put everything except nuclear weapons, they are far from us, and it is unlikely that our interests will ever intersect and what will be - there’s a conflict, but it’s very likely with China ... I wouldn’t even supply aluminum spoons there ...
      1. +2
        12 May 2016 19: 19
        Quote: Ratmir_Ryazan
        they are far from us, and it is unlikely that our interests will ever intersect and there will be some kind of conflict, but it is very likely with China ... I wouldn’t even put aluminum spoons there ...

        Do not flatter yourself. We have no real friends in BRICS. Look, even the Chinese have been releasing the Power of Siberia gas pipeline for two years now. And I came across Hindus personally. I have more confidence in the Chinese. No joint R&D, etc. especially since we have already held them for a long time for the T-50. The Indians want to separate us. And don't think that India is far from us. They have aircraft carriers, but we do not. And this is still far away. Mark my words. Nonsense in military trade is very fraught.
        1. +1
          12 May 2016 21: 38
          And which countries are true friends of Russia? Lukomorye, Kazakhstan, who else?
          1. +1
            12 May 2016 23: 01
            Quote: seren
            And which countries are true friends of Russia?

            but as Hamas trample, the best friend will come running ...
          2. +1
            12 May 2016 23: 55
            Quote: seren
            And which countries are true friends of Russia

            Do countries have friends? laughing
      2. +1
        12 May 2016 22: 59
        Quote: Ratmir_Ryazan
        There I would not even supply aluminum spoons ...

        why ??? In the middle, drill a large hole and it is quite possible to supply ... and in armaments, such a hole should be, and even not one!
    5. +1
      12 May 2016 18: 04
      Campaign India does not like China, well, Pakistan to the heap. laughing
    6. +2
      12 May 2016 18: 13
      Everything is one, and the best is automatic. We checked it on the "Lunokhod" and "Buran", and for the first time without Hollywood. If the "lapdog" does not finish education and science completely, then we will be reborn. Yes, only time is running out.
    7. +8
      12 May 2016 18: 27
      Quote: Alex_Rarog
      Damn where is India all this? Five regiments with 400 new fighters! India doesn’t like democracy!

      Yes, not only doesn’t like democracy, but the Islamic factor in the person of Pakistan is at hand, and they have graters with China too.
    8. +3
      12 May 2016 21: 33
      Quote: ravend
      Why do we need India in the development of T-50, explain who understands?



      I know why India needs this protocol of intent. To force amers to lower prices for the F-35. Hindus are very difficult customers, when choosing a promising ATGM, they took it out of our guts and lowered the price below the baseboard
      1. 0
        12 May 2016 23: 57
        Quote: seren
        I know why

        Do you have a mole in the Indian Ministry of Defense? laughing
      2. +2
        13 May 2016 08: 02
        Quote: seren
        I know why India needs this protocol of intent. To force amers to lower prices for the F-35.

        Who about what, and lousy about the bath! Since the Jews do not shine to buy the T-50, they extol the virtues of the F-35 to heaven! If the United States allowed Jews to assemble F-35 screwdrivers, this does not mean that everyone wants to buy this fake! Here Australia and Canada decided that the old F-15s would be better. And for the Indians, why, obviously, a worse and more expensive aircraft? Rather, on the contrary, they are interested in the F-35 in order to bring down the price of the T-50, which they already did!
    9. 0
      12 May 2016 21: 49
      Quote: Alex_Rarog
      Damn where is India all this? Five regiments with 400 new fighters! India doesn’t like democracy! She doesn’t want her to ever fly to her) ₽)

      India - China is not bhai bhai.
    10. Hon
      0
      13 May 2016 12: 56
      Quote: Alex_Rarog
      Damn where is India all this? Five regiments with 400 new fighters! India doesn’t like democracy! She doesn’t want her to ever fly to her) ₽)

      In India, democracy. They have China and Pakistan as neighbors
  2. +1
    12 May 2016 17: 50
    This "time soon" has been dragging on for several years. And it's not clear how the Indians are going to participate 50% in the FGFA ROC? They do not have the necessary technologies, but there is a need for airplanes and money for them - well, buy an export version of the T-50 and call it whatever you want. And if you can produce the necessary dviguns yourself, then what's the question !? soldier
    1. 0
      12 May 2016 19: 03
      Quote: Vlad5307
      Well, buy an export version of the T-50 and name it whatever you want.

      We do not yet have our own production version, where to get the export? It still needs to be developed, assembled and tested. And preferably for Indian money
  3. +1
    12 May 2016 17: 50
    Something tells me that the conclusion of the contract will drag on for more than one year (as is usual with the Indians). And personally, my opinion is too early for them to have the 5th generation! There is money, but the rest ...
    1. +4
      12 May 2016 18: 01
      Quote: demchuk.ig
      And personally, my opinion is too early for them to have the 5th generation!

      The Indians on the doorstep announced that they want a two-seat version of the T-50, called the FGFA. It is clear that they will receive their FGFA somewhat in a technology-less version than our T-50. Besides, India is one of the most important our allies, who have not yet been noticed in regard to the "sale of friendship" in favor of some kind of temporary preferences from the West. Suffice it to recall the story with UVZ in the 90s. When the Indians were placing orders for the T-90 at that moment when the plant was in full swing.
      1. +1
        12 May 2016 18: 12
        Yes, now some enterprises do not part with incense in connection with optimization.
        1. +3
          12 May 2016 18: 20
          Quote: Alexander 3
          Yes, now some enterprises do not part with incense in connection with optimization.

          If it weren’t for India, we wouldn’t see now either T-90 or even more Almaty. And this is a fact. Thanks to the order of the Indians, we completed the T-90 when our MO did not even think to invest in the development of a new tank.
      2. +1
        12 May 2016 18: 15
        Quote: NEXUS
        It’s clear that they will get their FGFA somewhat in a technology-truncated version than our T-50

        And here - there are options, in terms of elemental base and brains - they have no problems.
        1. +1
          12 May 2016 18: 18
          Quote: lelikas
          And here - there are options, in terms of elemental base and brains - they have no problems.

          Of course there is. But no one is indignant about BrahMos, and in the meantime, at the finish line is the development of the hyper-speed BrahMos-2 and BrahMos-mini, which our military is going to put on our carriers, in particular on the SU-34 and Su-30.
          1. +2
            13 May 2016 08: 25
            Quote: NEXUS
            Of course there is. But no one is indignant about BrahMos, and in the meantime, at the finish line is the development of the hyper-speed BrahMos-2 and BrahMos-mini, which our military is going to put on our carriers, in particular on the SU-34 and Su-30.

            Bramos-2 export version of Zircon.
      3. +1
        12 May 2016 18: 58
        Dear, did it once become India's ally? Russia has no allies, there are only partners in politics and business, please tell me where India supported us, they have their own cockroaches, and to say that we don’t cross this, no one knows who thought about Georgia, Ukraine
        1. 0
          13 May 2016 06: 56
          Quote: NEXUS
          Quote: lelikas
          And here - there are options, in terms of elemental base and brains - they have no problems.

          Of course there is. But no one is indignant about BrahMos, and in the meantime, at the finish line is the development of the hyper-speed BrahMos-2 and BrahMos-mini, which our military is going to put on our carriers, in particular on the SU-34 and Su-30.

          This is how much it is necessary to lag behind in electronics in order to search for the element base in India ...
      4. +2
        13 May 2016 08: 20
        Quote: NEXUS
        It is clear that they will receive their FGFA somewhat in a technology-truncated version than our T-50.

        Unclear. If you do not take into account electronics, what will be truncated?
  4. +3
    12 May 2016 18: 28
    The Indians honestly admit that the fifth generation fighter is too tough for them, and they want to pay for our development. At the same time, they themselves want to develop something. They want a new engine - it's expensive. China with its "fifth generation" is puffed up, but it has serious problems, although it has classified its own ... Yes, in general, everything is classified. Ours are not children, and the times are not EBNovskie, when for the sake of survival, microelectronics factories were WHOLE sold to China. The famous "Angstrem" removed its equipment (supposedly superfluous) and sent it - for the sake of survival ...
    So, "torn to shreds" Russia continues to trade in high technologies and their products. On the C 400, information slipped through, and also on MiGs for aircraft carriers! And all to India.
  5. +2
    12 May 2016 18: 28
    Before signing, India trolls us that the T-50 is wrong and not the 5th generation, but we troll India, selling the Su-35S to China and Indonesia and promising to sell to Pakistan. Business...
  6. 0
    12 May 2016 18: 44
    Words respected by the Indians, soon or possibly means that it is possible not when, they have a pity for money and modern, but cheaper, although they need a plane no less than ours, for good reason, the Asia-Pacific border is a field of serious contradiction , there’s one union here, but there’s its own, there was news not long ago we tested a new strategic missile, that means they see a threat, plus their ambitions, all this requires modern weapons
    1. 0
      12 May 2016 18: 47
      Why buy a Su-35, which the countries of this region already want, when you can get both technology and a more modern aircraft
      1. The comment was deleted.
      2. 0
        13 May 2016 10: 25
        Just Su-35S in neighboring countries eliminates the superiority of the Indian Air Force with its Su-30MKI. And pushes the Indians, to maintain the advantage of purchasing the 5th generation. So let them choose.
  7. +2
    12 May 2016 18: 55
    The Indians have common interests with Russia in the ROC. Let us wish them good luck in developing the 5th generation fighters! The Brahmos hedgehog has experience. :) It was the Indians who saved our military-industrial complex in the late 90s, so we kind of owe them ...
    1. 0
      13 May 2016 06: 59
      But this does not mean that we are almost obliged to give the Indians technologies that we don’t really use, take Indian trash like Bramos or MTA into service and send it to export to India better than ours just because we are friends.
  8. +2
    12 May 2016 18: 56
    It is difficult to believe the Hindus, as often their words are at odds with the deed. And here is the technologist tell them on this project. Merikans won’t transfer any technology to anyone. And in the present world one cannot trust even a neighbor who can change his partners in 3-4 years from his interests.
  9. 0
    12 May 2016 19: 24
    Quote: Wheel
    There is no BRICS union; it is, a declarative organization of developing economies.
    Russia and Brazil have already dropped out, the candidates are Taiwan and Thailand.

    Forgive me, once again, but where did Russia and Brazil actually "drop out" (?), For the abbreviation BRICS in Russian transcription: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (mes excuses)! The Hindus have just clarified their version of the terms of reference for joint the FGFA project is an example of a smart government approach, not off the hook!
    1. +1
      12 May 2016 19: 39
      Quote: gladysheff2010
      Forgive me, once again, but where did Russia and Brazil actually "drop out" (?), Because the abbreviation of BRICS in Russian transcription: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (mes excuses)

      Today, the view of economists on the prospects of BRICS has changed. Evidence of this was, for example, the closure of Goldman Sachs in November 2015, its fund for investment in the BRICS countries. Eliminating it, bankers said that "they do not expect asset growth in the foreseeable future." Goldman Sachs economist Jim O'Neill, who invented BRIC, said Brazil and the Russian Federation would "be expelled from this club soon."
  10. +2
    12 May 2016 19: 58
    Indian military believes that the aircraft needs a new engine. They note that "the T-50 engine is only an improved version of the AL-41F1 engine installed on Sukhoi-30MKI aircraft, which are produced under license in India."

    But this is good !? Not? Spare parts, trained repair personnel. All in a vein. So what are you not happy with?
    China could not even repeat the previous version of the engine acceptably, but they "turn up their nose" belay
    Also, according to the newspaper, the Ministry of Defense of India “insists on a proportional share of work on the ROC from the Indian side”

    So take and work, who does not give? Make suggestions about innovations, not intentions. fool
  11. 0
    12 May 2016 21: 51
    You can not worry about the Indians, they are stupid. The practice of working with them shows that they themselves cannot produce anything, even after receiving all the documentation and a detailed description of all operations. And for 4 billion you can stir up something new and modify the T-50, so as not to bug winked
  12. 0
    13 May 2016 10: 27
    Well, not stupid. They think differently, Asians ...
  13. 0
    13 May 2016 10: 33
    Indians need to be kept in the dark like mushrooms (T-50)
    And feed them all (gen. 4 +)
    (C)
    You don’t have to go far for an example.
    Mattresses have passed the law that Gen.5 (F-22) aircraft are prohibited from exporting.
    They created a parody of the 5th generation in the form of the F-35 and sell it.
    Buyers are hawking, Lockhead is booming, Gen 5 technology is not flowing abroad.
    We need to do the same.

"Right Sector" (banned in Russia), "Ukrainian Insurgent Army" (UPA) (banned in Russia), ISIS (banned in Russia), "Jabhat Fatah al-Sham" formerly "Jabhat al-Nusra" (banned in Russia) , Taliban (banned in Russia), Al-Qaeda (banned in Russia), Anti-Corruption Foundation (banned in Russia), Navalny Headquarters (banned in Russia), Facebook (banned in Russia), Instagram (banned in Russia), Meta (banned in Russia), Misanthropic Division (banned in Russia), Azov (banned in Russia), Muslim Brotherhood (banned in Russia), Aum Shinrikyo (banned in Russia), AUE (banned in Russia), UNA-UNSO (banned in Russia), Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People (banned in Russia), Legion “Freedom of Russia” (armed formation, recognized as terrorist in the Russian Federation and banned)

“Non-profit organizations, unregistered public associations or individuals performing the functions of a foreign agent,” as well as media outlets performing the functions of a foreign agent: “Medusa”; "Voice of America"; "Realities"; "Present time"; "Radio Freedom"; Ponomarev; Savitskaya; Markelov; Kamalyagin; Apakhonchich; Makarevich; Dud; Gordon; Zhdanov; Medvedev; Fedorov; "Owl"; "Alliance of Doctors"; "RKK" "Levada Center"; "Memorial"; "Voice"; "Person and law"; "Rain"; "Mediazone"; "Deutsche Welle"; QMS "Caucasian Knot"; "Insider"; "New Newspaper"