Suiciders vigil: directions for the development of anti-ship ammunition. Part of 1

32
Suiciders vigil: directions for the development of anti-ship ammunition. Part of 1

The company Lockheed Martin is working on a new version of loot ammunition, which will be a candidate for the priority program LMAMS

More stringent rules of engagement and the need to capture high-priority and rapidly passing targets in a complex or remote space determine the need for surgical precision of exposure with low indirect damage. Let us find out the role of the locking ammunition in this new paradigm.

The fast moving multiple targets in challenging environments, combined with stricter rules of engagement, necessitate tactical, high-precision, controlled exposure with a shortened sensor-shooter cycle with the goal of immediately identifying and hitting high-priority, rapidly passing threats with minimal indirect damage.

Regarding the possibilities that could satisfy these needs - especially as standard tactical units that can provide fire support from closed positions in order to reduce indirect losses - launched from the ground (and in the long run launched from helicopters) patrolling ammunition (BB) develops as an inexpensive and highly accurate “one-shot-one-hit” alternative to unguided artillery shells (and guided GPS-guided artillery shells) or free-falling bombs, paradise differs significantly faster response sequence / destruction compared to attack helicopters or military reconnaissance and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), whose capabilities are optimized for relatively free air space.

The British Department of Defense clearly classifies BB as “low-cost, guided, precision-guided munitions that can be in the waiting area for some time and quickly attack land and sea targets that are out of line of sight. The BB is under the control of the operator, who sees the image of the target and the environment in real time, which makes it possible to control the exact time, height and direction of attack of a stationary, moving or moving target, and also contributes to the formal processes of identifying and confirming defeat of the target.

Essentially, reconnaissance and strike capabilities are combined in patrol ammunition, they are distinguished by their ability to provide important reconnaissance information and / or locate and identify threats, and also have a high-precision impact on important, high-mobility / maneuvering and rapidly passing targets in some cases where there is a shortage in tactical reconnaissance and strike weapons. BB can work in difficult situations, including built-up areas, remote areas and melee scenarios, in which there is a high risk of defeating their troops and collateral damage, and where traditional artillery and rocket attacks are unavailable or unacceptable, including due to their combat load and trajectories. Barrating ammunition can also be deployed in accordance with the complex rules of engagement, when a small high-precision impact will be more effective than firing traditional artillery or expensive air-to-ground armor-piercing missiles or free-fall bombs.

“Among the most significant opportunities that the BB provides are confident human control of this type of weapon,” said a spokesman for Lockheed Martin. - Soldiers on the front line are given the opportunity to hit targets outside the line of sight, redefine targets during flight when detecting higher priority enemy vehicles after launch, and / or interrupt task execution when information changes or when the risk of indirect damage increases to an unacceptable level. The operator receives updated video in real time, which heightens awareness of the combat situation and simplifies quick decision making. ”

“If we talk about the cycle of the sensor-shooter, then the net gain here is that the BB is already present on the spot,” says a specialist at Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI). “After all, when looting, you have enough time to collect all necessary information about the target using the reconnaissance kit and, at the moment when the target is captured, the executive component is already in place and ready to destroy the target.” Therefore, there is a feeling of immediacy. You can say that you have this opportunity with an armed UAV, but this is the only device in the sky with all its vulnerability. For example, the same situation with the classic guided bomb, when the operator has little time to identify and confirm the target. And with BB, you have significantly more time to identify the target in a complex combat space, attack with high accuracy with a guaranteed reduction in indirect losses, as well as the termination of the mission if necessary. "

Technology Drivers

While the development of loitering munitions undoubtedly has its roots in the field of UAVs, proponents of clear terms say that APs are missiles designed for loitering, and they are not a subclass of armed drones. However, many of the current WB capabilities are provided by UAV solution developers, and advances in optoelectronics, microsystems, communications, robotics, electric motors, battery capacity, and ground control station technologies are quite applicable to the development of both categories.

The development of portable BB, in particular, requires a “seal” of a significant number of systems — imaging devices, avionics, batteries, combat units, etc. - in a small volume. Solutions are often determined by the current level of miniaturization of components, and, despite the fact that currently small and lightweight components are available to meet the requirements of a combat mission, trade-offs are needed between size, weight, duration of flight, and capabilities while ensuring affordability and “disposability” of weapons .

The energy source is one of the determining factors, since advances in battery technology can increase the loitering time and reduce acoustic and thermal signs of visibility. The automotive industry with its electric vehicles and the start of a series of races on them called Formula E is considered as the basis for the development of battery technologies in the field of BB. In the United States, the Air Force Research Laboratory is working with a number of decision-makers on ammunition loot over a joint research agreement to develop this technology for less weight and cost and more power.

Prospective developments in the field of energy storage, especially in the field of electric propulsion technology, could provide significant potential for the development of BB systems, although so far not enough attention has been paid to this topic.

Progress in the accumulation of electric energy is currently mainly based on lithium-ion technology, although new chemical compositions are emerging, including lithium-sulfur and lithium-air batteries with potentially five to ten times higher energy density. Other technologies, such as supercapacitors, which are beginning to be used, in particular, in new-generation cars, are a promising alternative to meet the growing needs of energy storage systems. Supercapacitors, differing by their own mechanism of charge accumulation, can accumulate and release energy with relatively high intensity (substantially more than batteries).

A conceptual breakthrough was made by MBDA Missile Systems. This was mainly due to the combination of its energy storage technologies, materials and components for missiles as part of the Concept Visions 2012 project, which aims to create a concept for unmanned aerial weapons systems before 2035. The intellectual apotheosis of this process was the presentation of the Caelus system. The concept of an electric propulsion rocket, which has all-weather reconnaissance, information gathering and kinetic impact capabilities, which is designed to patrol in critical areas for two hours, after which it could capture the target directly or land in a safe area.



The concept of cajaram ammunition Caelus company MBDA Missile Systems

At the moment, there is no indication that MBDA plans to manufacture Caelus, although this concept of a rocket with an electric propellant is not written off by anyone, it is only stopped waiting for a breakthrough in electric energy storage technology.


IAI is at the stage of creating a light anti-burglary weapon system based on its Harop ammunition.

Priority program

The rather old idea of ​​unmanned, airborne ammunition gave rise to a number of specific BB solutions, which vary in size, range, and barrage times.

However, recent asymmetrical combat operations, especially in Iraq and Afghanistan, and to some extent previous operations of the United States in Somalia, have given particular impetus to the development of small-sized, portable, one-time locking systems for delivering high-precision indirect fire, in particular combat operations tactical units.

At the beginning of 2010, the command of the special operations of the US Army, together with the command of the special operations of the US Air Force, discussed with the US manufacturing companies of patrols and patrol systems a portable solution, designated LMAMS (Lethal Miniature Aerial Munition System), a lethal miniature air munition. In the final statement, this system is described as follows: “A portable, high-precision locking system, launched from the ground, operating out of direct visibility, standard for a small unit, which allows for the unprecedented defeat of the enemy and at the same time prevent their forces from falling under direct enemy fire. The LMAMS system must effectively hit day and night enemy personnel and non-standard vehicles, if necessary, quickly refocus ... quickly detect, track and hit priority and quickly passing targets or the enemy behind the ground folds without exposing the operator to the risk of being fired from small arms weapons».

The warhead of the LMAMS should have a "lethal effect on personnel in open areas and personnel in moving unarmored vehicles (sedans, pickups) with minimal indirect damage." All together, the launcher, ammunition, sensor and warhead must have a mass of less than 2,49 kg, and a length of less than 55,9, see. The flight duration must be more than five minutes, and the range of more than 3 km.

Subsequently, several systems took part in the tests of the American army, including AeroVironment Switchblade, IATech SkyStinger and Textron T-RAM. In April, the US Army Melee Weapon Systems Department of 2010 announced its intention to issue AeroVironment a contract for the supply of 10 Switchblade LMAMS for further evaluation, and in June 2011 of the year issued this company an initial contract worth 4,9 million dollars for urgent deployment of the system in combat units.

At that time, Switchblade (a development of the previous project of AeroVironment, a drone launched from a cannon), was probably the most mature candidate from a technological point of view. From the very beginning, it was developed under the direction of the Air Force Research Laboratory for the Special Operations Forces Command (USSOCOM). Obviously, with a mass of 2,72 kg, the Switchblade locking ammunition should have a flight time of 15-20 minutes, a range of 5 – 15 km and a diving speed of up to 161 km / h. It is controlled by a modified version of the same ground control station that manages the AeroVironment Raven, Puma and Wasp drones.



AeroVironment Switchblade Barrage Ammunition

For piloting and searching for targets, the Switchblade is equipped with front-facing and side-facing cameras plus a thermal imaging camera. Warheads weighing 0,3 kg with a laser remote fuse throws in the direction of flight at different altitudes (9 / 7 / 5 meters) over the target tungsten ready-made destructive elements. It is clear that the current order of the American Army provides for the supply of Switchblade systems with improved night-time capabilities, which are provided by the upgraded thermal imaging camera with doubled (10 megapixels) resolution compared to its predecessor.

Switchblade was, in fact, the first acquisition, in line with the LMAMS army requirements. The following steps in the framework of the requirements of LMAMS are closely looking at suppliers of solutions in the field of BB, both from the US and from other countries. The process is proceeding slowly, but so far the LMAMS program has not received a budget priority, which is necessary for its promotion as an official planned program.

To date, the army has released two requests for information: one in August 2012 of the year and its revised version in November of 2013. In it, she identified certain target characteristics that she hopes to achieve in the next version of the LMAMS systems. These include the flight time from 15 to 30 minutes and the range 5-10 km; In addition, this request for information states that “the system must have a lethal effect on personnel on the ground and personnel in moving light vehicles with minimal indirect damage.”

A source in the defense ministry said that the government “fought to increase the priority level of this LMAMS program; for this, the priority program and the requirements for it must fall into the so-called memorandum on the objectives of the POM program (Program Objective Memorandum) ”.


UVision says Hero 120 "appeared as a solution that meets a number of operational requirements defined by our customer"

The POM is a recommendation from the arms and defense organizations on how they plan to allocate resources for the program (s) in order to comply with the Defense Planning Guidelines. POM includes an analysis of the objectives, goals, alternative methods for meeting these goals, the allocation of resources, and the priority given to the programs included in it.

The representative of the defense department continued: “In a recent stories LMAMS priority was such that it did not fall into the POM memorandum. Until she enters the POM, the US government cannot spend money on this program. According to current estimates, the earliest when LMAMS can get into the POM is 2019 a year. The development strategy of the LMAMS program, up to the last six months, was to start production. It was believed that this technology is quite mature for all interested parties and therefore it is possible to round out and choose a winner with tests. When it was decided that the program would not be funded until the POM 2019, the program returned to the development strategy. That is, the procurement will be preceded by a development period. This increases the overall cost of the entire program. ”

In essence, it is companies that supply solutions for counterfeit ammunition and who are interested in the LMAMS program are currently investing and spending money from their domestic research funds not on their own solutions, but on developing what they should be like. LMAMS program.

He further noted: “With the exception of AeroVironment, which has already supplied the systems to the US government for the customer, none of the other potential members of LMAMS received any financial support from the state, that is, all this money from its own research funds.”

Among Western countries, probably, only the United Kingdom has a priority program for loot ammunition. MBDA received a request from the Ministry of Defense in 2008 for the urgent development of the BB system as part of its IFPA (Indirect Fire Precision Attack) high-precision ammunition research program.

In order to meet these requirements, MBDA proposed the Fireshadow system: a BB launched from the ground, designed to hit stationary, mobile and rapidly passing land and sea targets at a distance of about 100 km. With a mass of less than 200 kg and a length of up to 4 meters, the Fireshadow has an operational flight speed of 150-300 km / h, an operating height of 4500 meters and a patrol time of about 6 hours. In March, MBDA company 2012 supplied the initial batch of 25 systems, which were tested at the landfill this summer. The report of the National Financial and Audit Office for the main projects published in 2012 says that the system corresponds to the main characteristics of the BB, but its success rate is lower than desired. It says: "The responsible owner (the army) has decided not to deploy a weapon system for testing in Afghanistan, since its capabilities are not sufficiently developed from a technological point of view." In addition, the report notes that despite the cost of the BB program in the amount of 324 million dollars, the entire strategy of the IFPA program of the British Ministry of Defense is subject to revision.

The company MBDA reported that at the present time it is not conducting development on locking ammunition. A representative of MBDA said that “MBDA offers a wide range of weapons systems that accurately, timely and effectively have a lethal effect on the battlefield, both from various platforms and independently. At present, our customers are provided with all lethal means, and anti-burglary ammunition is not the opportunity they want, although we have the experience and technology in case such a need arises. ”


As technology improves, UVision intends to equip all its products with electric propulsion


The first sample of Aeronautics in the field of locking ammunition: Orbiter 1K

To be continued
Our news channels

Subscribe and stay up to date with the latest news and the most important events of the day.

32 comments
Information
Dear reader, to leave comments on the publication, you must sign in.
  1. +3
    31 March 2016 07: 55
    Something like - a shot has already occurred, but the bullet has not yet arrived, hovered in ambush and is waiting for the target. And in what situations it is necessary, it turns out that the target / its characteristics are known, the point / points of the route are known, the rest is unimportant or unknown. Or the application point - the target is determined, taken at the sight, but we are waiting for permission to eliminate.
    In general, if they develop, it means there is a need, but still the point of application of this weapon is blurred.
    1. +1
      31 March 2016 22: 33
      Expensive for "one-time use". What is the difference between these ammunition devices (BB) from UAVs? Is the price several times lower? Accuracy? Stealth? Disposable!
      Everyone understands that disposability is not an advantage. Low price, and it can be like that, only due to the fact that it will be a cheap UAV with explosives.
      1. +2
        31 March 2016 22: 53
        There are situations when UAVs are by default disposable.

        For example, they can be thrown at a long distance by means of MLRS. Or fired back from planes for target designation, as the Americans are now trying to do for their "Gunships" AC-130.
        And at the same time "short-lived", since they are not required to stay in the air for a long time.

        Perhaps it makes sense to make them self-destructive.

        Well, initially ammunition is a dead end branch. Especially in a situation of significant strengthening of the ground component of air defense and the appearance of a missile defense system of the battlefield. Already learned to shoot 82-mm mortar mines in flight, all these low-speed and frankly weak munitions have no place on a promising battlefield.
  2. 0
    31 March 2016 09: 26
    In the conditions of electronic warfare, it will most likely be impossible to use such a thing, so again a weapon against the "Papuans", and so generally a cool topic: to make a shot and receive information about its result + reconnaissance information along the way. Only the cost / efficiency ratio is important
    1. +1
      31 March 2016 10: 02
      Quote: Snow
      In terms of electronic warfare, it is most likely impossible to use such a thing

      Why do you think so? Such an option, that the first target of the munition will be the radio signal sources do not consider? After all, it is possible to make different types of application
      1. 0
        31 March 2016 10: 15
        Quote: sa-ag
        there will be radio sources

        Get knocked down ...
        1. +1
          31 March 2016 10: 18
          Quote: Spade
          Get knocked down ...

          surely knocked down, but not all :-)
          1. +1
            31 March 2016 10: 28
            Everyone. Even the Brazilians are already creating "microwave guns".
        2. +1
          31 March 2016 18: 29
          Then, he will fall. EW is certainly a serious hindrance. Only not everyone runs with antennas.)
    2. -3
      31 March 2016 11: 52
      IAI is at the stage of creating a light anti-burglary weapon system based on its Harop ammunition.

      Already created, delivered to foreign customers who accepted it.

      Quote: Snow
      In the conditions of electronic warfare, it will most likely be impossible to use such a thing, so again a weapon against the "Papuans", and so generally a cool topic: to make a shot and receive information about its result + reconnaissance information along the way. Only the cost / efficiency ratio is important

      Electronic warfare is our everything. Such a wunderfaffe. I pressed the button and the enemy had all the electronics in the trash. In reality, the Russian "half-assed" army, led by General Shamanov, was unable to cope with the Georgian MULE-sized drones.

      Quote: Spade
      Get knocked down ...

      Hello to Shamanov. hi
      He would have shot down, but he did not have the "shells of the required model" at hand. laughing
      But if not large, noisy and luminous Hermes buzzed over his paratroopers, but small, quiet and subtle Orbitrers with an electric motor, he would have shot them down easily. Packs. On take-off or on the assembly line at all Tel-Aviv Explicitly. lol

      PS
      I look forward to continuing the article on air-based ammunition.
      1. +4
        31 March 2016 13: 03
        Quote: professor
        Hello to Shamanov.

        Isn't it stupid to declare this 7 years after the incident? Isn't it time to search for "Counter UAV" and enjoy?
        1. -1
          31 March 2016 13: 46
          Quote: Spade
          Isn't it stupid to declare this 7 years after the incident? Isn't it time to search for "Counter UAV" and enjoy?

          No, not stupid. Only 7 years have passed and even the Shamans (for now) at their post. wink
          1. 0
            31 March 2016 19: 38
            Stupid. The same airborne forces received modernized "arrows" that perfectly hit the UAV
            1. 0
              31 March 2016 20: 15
              Quote: Spade
              Stupid. The same airborne forces received modernized "arrows" that perfectly hit the UAV

              I wonder where they so beautifully hit UAVs?
              1. 0
                31 March 2016 20: 24
                Quote: professor
                I wonder where they so beautifully hit UAVs?

                Originally. Due to its two-channel, IR plus photo-contrast. And a laser remote target sensor
                1. 0
                  31 March 2016 20: 31
                  Quote: Spade
                  Originally. Due to its two-channel, IR plus photo-contrast. And a laser remote target sensor

                  And which of these channels captured a non-contrasting target in both ranges, a target like Raven or Orbiter? wink
                  1. +3
                    31 March 2016 20: 35
                    Quote: professor
                    And which of these channels captured a non-contrasting target in both ranges, a target like Raven or Orbiter?

                    Uh ... I missed something, and the Israeli drones that have no analogues in the world are already invisible in the optical range?
                    1. +1
                      31 March 2016 22: 39
                      Quote: Spade
                      Uh ... I missed something, and the Israeli drones that have no analogues in the world are already invisible in the optical range?

                      I did not write invisible, but the fact that they are hardly noticeable is the fact. I can only notice Hermes by my Cise at sunset, about which we will keep silent about Orbiter.
                      And what about the night in the optical range? wink
                      1. +1
                        31 March 2016 23: 00
                        Quote: professor
                        they are hardly noticeable fact

                        Translucent? Plexiglass?

                        Quote: professor
                        I can only notice Hermes by my Cise at sunset, about which we will keep silent about Orbiter.

                        Theatrical? Well, maybe it’s worth a normal army to take?

                        Quote: professor
                        And what about the night in the optical range?

                        Night vision devices appeared back in World War II ...

                        The fact is that "Arrow" knocks down drones. And with enviable regularity, once every half a year. At every air defense field exit.
                      2. +1
                        31 March 2016 23: 12
                        Quote: Spade
                        Translucent? Plexiglass?

                        No. Small and not contrasting.

                        Quote: Spade
                        Theatrical? Well, maybe it’s worth a normal army to take?

                        Yeah, theatrical. I somehow uploaded a photo of my device to you. Optics is my weakness. I do not save on it. I buy the best German.

                        Quote: Spade

                        Night vision devices appeared back in World War II ...

                        He tried in the army and in the NVD to catch a drone. There are many stars, but I didn’t see the drone. I honestly did not try to use the thermal imager. He looked more and more at people, animals, and ground equipment.

                        Quote: Spade
                        The fact is that "Arrow" knocks down drones. And with enviable regularity, once every half a year. At every air defense field exit.

                        No, this is not a fact, but your allegations. The Shamanov official claimed the opposite.
                      3. 0
                        31 March 2016 23: 54
                        Quote: professor
                        Small and not contrasting.

                        Not contrasting with the sky from the earth? To do this, they must be transparent.

                        Quote: professor
                        Yeah, theatrical. I somehow uploaded a photo of my device to you. Optics is my weakness. I do not save on it. I buy the best German.

                        Strange, what about astronomers with their telescopes? After all, what they supposedly see with binoculars is clearly not visible

                        Quote: professor
                        No, this is not a fact, but your allegations.

                        This is a reinforced concrete fact.

                        Quote: professor
                        The Shamanov official claimed the opposite.

                        Eh ... Something he strongly "asserted" a lot. By the way, how many "Arrows" were under his command in Abkhazia? Yeah, not a single one ... How could he then say something about their "inefficiency"?

                        Everything that Shamanov wrote - Igla and ZSU-23-2 MANPADS are ineffective against drones.
                      4. 0
                        April 1 2016 07: 12
                        Quote: Spade
                        Not contrasting with the sky from the earth? To do this, they must be transparent.

                        No, not transparent. For contrast, they should be bright red and bright yellow. Light colors do not contrast them.

                        Quote: Spade
                        Strange, what about astronomers with their telescopes? After all, what they supposedly see with binoculars is clearly not visible

                        In the company where I have the honor to work, it is customary to give gifts on anniversaries. There is a catalog from which the employee chooses a gift for himself in accordance with the "length of service". I always choose optics. Americans mainly choose jewelry. Well stupid ... laughing So I got a telescope from a PC. Without a PC, it is almost impossible to find a constellation on your own, and the larger the increase, the more difficult it is to find the constellation. I had the same problem in the Himalayas and without a telescope and binoculars. There are so many stars at an altitude of over 5000 m that "not a single familiar star is visible." Even the Big Dipper is very, very difficult to find. By the way, to make it easier to work with the telescope, I use a powerful laser pointer. I carry out preliminary aiming with a candle through the eyepiece and along the laser beam coming out of the main lens.

                        Quote: Spade
                        This is a reinforced concrete fact.

                        "In God we trust; all others must bring data."

                        Quote: Spade
                        Everything that Shamanov wrote - Igla and ZSU-23-2 MANPADS are ineffective against drones.

                        All that Shamanov wrote is that the paratroopers were helpless. He simply did not know about the wonderful Arrow complex and no one had the courage to tell him. sad
                      5. -2
                        April 1 2016 20: 40
                        shamans and not only he will equalize Israel with all drones to dust, he will burn out the earth for two meters by the way, some Jews made the Holocaust with the wrong hands
      2. 0
        31 March 2016 22: 34
        Quote: professor
        Electronic warfare is our everything. Such a wunderfaffe. I pressed the button and the enemy had all the electronics in the trash. In reality, the Russian "half-assed" army, led by General Shamanov, was unable to cope with the Georgian MULE-sized drones.


        Professor, you have already been revealed here on another branch, are you a parking guard?

        Quote: yushch
        Is the parking guard a specialist for remote-controlled shells? Parking is probably in the MO? From there, probably such great knowledge in having no analogues in the world of Israeli and American samples?
        1. +2
          31 March 2016 22: 41
          Quote: Saburov
          Professor, you have already been revealed here on another branch, are you a parking guard?

          And who else do you think? wink True, we have practically no parking lots here, everyone parks along the streets. request
  3. 0
    31 March 2016 09: 54
    And in the photo, is the drone just taking off, or is it already attacking the target? You can think this way and that.
  4. 0
    31 March 2016 10: 12
    First they watch the word on Lavrovsky read)). Looks like I'm completely spoiled)). And the topic is interesting.
  5. +1
    31 March 2016 11: 16
    Flying ammunition is already there, give crawling and floating!
    Fighting is becoming more expensive. what
    Soon, to become a soldier, you will have to receive at least a higher technical education. wink
    1. +2
      31 March 2016 13: 38
      Quote: Corporal
      Soon, to become a soldier, you will have to receive at least a higher technical education.

      What do you think? Equipment and weapons are really becoming more and more complicated, which is why we need a professional army and scientific companies. Even the usual, like agricultural machinery now, is so full of electronics that the machine operator is essentially just an operator. All maintenance and repair operations are carried out specialized brigades. Recently, topics of service and repair of army equipment and weapons were discussed at the HE. If it goes further, then it is valid to create field repair crews, as in civilian life.
  6. +1
    31 March 2016 18: 52
    Quote: sevtrash
    And in what situations is it needed

    Where you need flight time to take a closer look. It happens that you can’t figure out where the target is.
  7. Riv
    +2
    April 1 2016 07: 36
    "Electric rocket" - now I know everything about this world! :)))
  8. 0
    8 July 2016 17: 47
    Quote: professor
    Quote: Spade
    Translucent? Plexiglass?

    No. Small and not contrasting.

    Quote: Spade
    Theatrical? Well, maybe it’s worth a normal army to take?

    Yeah, theatrical. I somehow uploaded a photo of my device to you. Optics is my weakness. I do not save on it. I buy the best German.

    It would be better if you bought a radar, like the whole civilized world.
    For example 1L271, or 1L277 ... Yes, dozens of them ...
    Of course, I understand that Israel, this is not Russia or the United States, is highly tense with high technology, but still, the XNUMXst century in the yard, ultrasound and Galilami can not be gained.
    And to search for BL with binoculars, especially at night - this is some kind of savagery, barbarism, by golly.
    Here’s an offhand universal solution to the problem of light UAVs in the near radius. Not on this machine of course.

"Right Sector" (banned in Russia), "Ukrainian Insurgent Army" (UPA) (banned in Russia), ISIS (banned in Russia), "Jabhat Fatah al-Sham" formerly "Jabhat al-Nusra" (banned in Russia) , Taliban (banned in Russia), Al-Qaeda (banned in Russia), Anti-Corruption Foundation (banned in Russia), Navalny Headquarters (banned in Russia), Facebook (banned in Russia), Instagram (banned in Russia), Meta (banned in Russia), Misanthropic Division (banned in Russia), Azov (banned in Russia), Muslim Brotherhood (banned in Russia), Aum Shinrikyo (banned in Russia), AUE (banned in Russia), UNA-UNSO (banned in Russia), Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People (banned in Russia), Legion “Freedom of Russia” (armed formation, recognized as terrorist in the Russian Federation and banned)

“Non-profit organizations, unregistered public associations or individuals performing the functions of a foreign agent,” as well as media outlets performing the functions of a foreign agent: “Medusa”; "Voice of America"; "Realities"; "Present time"; "Radio Freedom"; Ponomarev; Savitskaya; Markelov; Kamalyagin; Apakhonchich; Makarevich; Dud; Gordon; Zhdanov; Medvedev; Fedorov; "Owl"; "Alliance of Doctors"; "RKK" "Levada Center"; "Memorial"; "Voice"; "Person and law"; "Rain"; "Mediazone"; "Deutsche Welle"; QMS "Caucasian Knot"; "Insider"; "New Newspaper"