V.P. Pokrovsky. Led by Boris Safonov

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V.P. Pokrovsky. Led by Boris Safonov


The dream of flying captured Vladimir Pokrovsky in his school years. When he was a twelve-year-old boy, he first saw the Pravda agitation plane. Then it was eager to become a pilot. The young man graduated from the nine-year-old, completed his studies at the Leningrad Maritime College, was preparing for long voyages, but his soul was eager for heaven. The dream came true in the summer of 1937, when Pokrovsky entered the Yeisk Naval District with a ticket to the Komsomol Regional Committee aviation school. He mastered the U-2 and R-5 aircraft and mastered the new then-I-16 fighter. Things were going fine. The instructor noted that Pokrovsky was distinguished by high professional qualities: good coordination of movements, a large amount of attention, the ability to analyze errors, and quickly correct them. The innate abilities, the enviable persistence with which he comprehended the theory and practice of flights, helped him to be the first in the group and link to fly onto the I-16 independently.

Having perfectly graduated from college in the fall of 1940, the second lieutenant Pokrovsky was assigned to the 72nd mixed air regiment (later the 2nd Guards) of the Northern Air Force fleet. He was in the squadron of senior lieutenant Boris Safonov, whose slave was from the first days of the war. Wing to wing went into battle with him, took over experience, studied Safonov workshops, swift attacks, German planes appeared in large groups at that time, and our pilots usually flew in a couple or three: there were not enough planes.

The episode is widely known when Safonov, Pokrovsky and junior lieutenant Maksimovich rose to meet the 18 Ju-88, covered by the "Messerschmitts". The link did not allow the bombers to bomb precisely. The squadron commander hit the lead car, the line fell apart. On the ground, he firmly embraced and kissed Vladimir, who had become a reliable cover for him.

Soon Pokrovsky himself won the first victory. While on duty paired with pilot S. Surzhenko, he was alerted. The fascists were approaching the airfield at low altitude. Pokrovsky took off, but the slave could not - his fighter fell under the fragments of a bomb. Four Bf.109 pounced on a single plane. In a fierce battle, skillfully maneuvering, Vladimir destroyed the "Messer." But he himself was wounded in the face. The plane was damaged, almost ceased to listen to the rudders and went into a tailspin. One could use a parachute, however, each AND-16 was at that time worth its weight in gold. And the pilot decided to save him. With the help of the motor, it was possible to stop the disastrous rotation of the machine, to go into a horizontal flight near the ground. Poured in blood, Pokrovsky managed to reach the base. After treatment at the hospital, he returned to his unit.



Particularly memorable in his front-line biography, Pokrovsky himself considered the day when Safonov twice drove aviators to cover the troops, which reflected the fierce onslaught of the Germans against Murmansk. And both times I had to fight with the enemy forces, exceeding the North Sea 7-8 times.

Vladimir Pavlovich recalled that on that morning five of our fighters attacked more than 20 bombers flying, accompanied by approximately 20 "Messerschmitt". At a signal leading safonovtsy went to them from the sun. The commander on the move struck the head "Junkers", Pokrovsky also managed to set fire to one. In the second attack, Safonov and Maksimovich shot down two more cars. Story broken. Fleeing, the Nazis began to throw bombs in the area of ​​their positions. The pair A. Kovalenko, covering the strike group, also destroyed Bf.109. As a result, the enemy lost five aircraft.



A few hours later, Safonov again raised the squadron pilots. This time they intercepted 30 Ju-87, shot down the 5 of them. One - on account of Pokrovsky. The panic began. Some of the fascist pilots could not stand it, radioed in clear: "Save yourself, we are surrounded!" Soon the enemy fighters arrived to the aid of the "Junkers". The number of German cars increased to 52. But the North Seamen did not retreat, entered the battle and won it. When returning met reconnaissance aircraft. Leading caught up with him and destroyed. This victory ended two sorties North Sea 15 September 1941 g.

The next day, Safonov was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union, and the regiment in which he served became the Red Banner, and Pokrovsky was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. The high awards obliged the pilots to fight even more actively, and in January 1942, six enemy aircraft were listed on Vladimir’s battle account.

But Pokrovsky not only selflessly fought with the Nazis in the sky. He, the Komsomol Squadron, had enough work on the ground. We need to talk with the newcomers to help them enter the system more quickly, prepare and hold a bureau meeting, Komsomol meeting ... Relying on the asset, Vladimir managed to do a lot, managed to mobilize young aviators for the excellent implementation of each task. Soon he was handed a party ticket.

In his memoirs, Pokrovsky often emphasized good, friendly relations between pilots and engineers, technicians, and mechanics of the mechanics of the regiment. “We highly appreciated the selfless work of loyal comrades,” wrote Vladimir Pavlovich. - When I took off and went to intercept the enemy, I always knew that the plane and weapon, prepared by Kiryanov, Prosuzhih, Popov, will not let you down. I do not remember the case of failure of the engine or machine gun through the fault of ground specialists. No wonder the commander called them our bodyguards. " No matter how many holes a plane received, it was quickly put into operation. Technicians and engineers worked wonders not only in the recovery of vehicles, but also in carrying out tasks to enhance the firepower of fighters, received through lend-lease. So, at the suggestion of Safonov, approved by the command of the Air Force of the fleet, the armament of the Hurricanes was improved. They installed 2 guns and 2 machine guns of domestic production, guides for rockets. The work was carried out with the active participation of the engineer regiment B. Sobolevsky and aircraft workshop specialists. The pilots noted that the effectiveness of attacks increased.



Boris Feoktistovich was not only a top-class air fighter, but, in the opinion of his colleagues, a good commander, methodologist and educator. He believed: only a fight and a careful analysis of each departure can become a real school of skill. Noticing the best qualities of his subordinates, he sought to develop them, to make of a novice a skillful, courageous, self-confident, cold-blooded warrior. He took the young officers to be led, so that they could visually see and learn how to go on the attack, evade enemy lines, strike. So it was, for example, with D. Reutov, who initially opened fire from a long distance, allowing the fascists to go unpunished. Having climbed up with him in a pair, the commander skillfully got close to the Junkers to 50 meters, destroyed the shooter. The subject lesson worked on Reutov better than any explanation. Subsequently, he repeatedly achieved success.

The fellow soldiers well remembered the incident that occurred with the lieutenant 3. Sorokin. On the first sortie, he shot down a fascist fighter, but made some mistakes. After chasing the Messer, he threw the presenter, started shooting from afar, spent the whole ammunition. After landing, Safonov told Sorokin: “They don’t fight like that ... You left the commander without cover. How it could end, no need to explain. " Departure thoroughly analyzed. The commander recalled that mutual assistance and clear engagement are a mandatory and unshakable rule. “In battle, you are calm only then,” he said, “when you believe in a partner ... In turn, the leaders must protect the followers and help them in a timely manner.”

Safonov flew very often, and almost every time Pokrovsky was next to him. He also had the opportunity to participate in the last battle for Boris Feoktistovich - 30 in May 1942, when our three fighters covered the Allied convoy. On that day, Safonov destroyed three Junkers. His pilots, Pokrovsky and Orlov, were shot down by car. Having lost five planes and dropped bombs anywhere, the Nazis left the battlefield. Ships and transports arrived in Murmansk unscathed. But the commander did not return to the airfield.

Vladimir Pavlovich said that that morning the four of the recently assembled and just flown tomahauks, headed by Safonov, headed for the sea. Soon, due to interruptions in the operation of the motor, the slave commander A. Kukharenko returned to the airfield. A further flight continued by three cars. Meanwhile, a convoy and approaching bombers approached it. Our pilots immediately attacked the leading group of "Junkers". A fierce battle ensued, the link broke up. Neither Pokrovsky nor Eagles had a direct connection with the commander. Returning home slave, we learned that Safonov told the KP about the "Junkers" he had shot down and almost immediately about what was going on the forced. From one of the ships, the escort watched as the fighter, losing altitude, walked towards the convoy and disappeared into the waves of the raging sea. The cause of the death of the commander remained a mystery. Until his last days Pokrovsky believed that Safonov had been driven by a motor that had failed at the height of the battle.

You can understand the feelings of fellow soldiers Safonov, who learned about the death of a beloved commander and teacher. But the war continued, and there was no time to surrender to grief. Pokrovsky sought new hard victories. Once, covering the convoy, the pilots led by him intercepted a group of fascist aircraft. Severomortsy crashed into battle and forced the bombers to drop bombs into the sea. Acting in the zone of anti-aircraft fire of escort ships, Vladimir fought a fighter before everyone’s eyes. Astonished gunners saw a bold "hawk" throw through the deadly barrier and reduced the power of fire. But a crazy projectile landed in the fuselage of the Pokrovsky machine, and set it on fire. The aviator jumped with a parachute, landed in an ice font and was picked up by boats.



By May 1943, V.Pokrovsky, with the rank of captain, commanded the 2-th Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment of the 6-th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Northern Fleet Air Force. By that time, he had made 350 combat missions, conducted 60 air battles, destroyed 12 personally and in the 6 group of enemy planes.

In the submission of Pokrovsky to the title of Hero of the Soviet Union (he became in July 1943), it was noted: “A genuine Safonovets, an excellent comrade of Lieutenant Colonel B. F. Safonov, he is the personification of his teacher by military deeds. The courage of the attacks, the accuracy of the fire, the exceptional swiftness of the battle, and the unlimited hatred of the enemy created a huge deserved authority for Pokrovsky not only among the personnel of the regiment, but also far beyond its borders. ”

After the war, Vladimir Pavlovich continued his service in the Soviet Army. In 1954, he graduated from the Air Force Academy. In 1956, the rank of guard Colonel Pokrovsky was dismissed. V.P. died. Pokrovsky 22 March 1998, and was buried at the Seraphim cemetery of St. Petersburg.



Sources:
Zhirokhov M.A.V.P. Pokrovsky // Aces over the tundra. Air war in the Arctic. 1941-1944. M .: Tsentrpoligraf, 2011. C. 172-176.
Egers E. Soviet Aces. M .: Tornado, 1997. C. 20-22, 40.
Chechen V. Tsybulsky I. Wings over the ocean. M .: Young Guard. 1986. C. 54-63.
Melnikov V. Slave Safonov // Sea collection. 1985. No. 9. C.47-49.
Babakov A. Heroes of the Soviet Union. Tom 2. M .: Voenizdat, 1987. C. 289.
14 comments
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  1. +6
    5 February 2016 06: 15
    "We will ask God for wings and arrows -
    because they need an angel ace!
    And if they have a lot of fighters -
    let them write to us as guardians!
    soldier
    V.S. Vysotsky
  2. +1
    5 February 2016 06: 36
    As always, an excellent article by the Technical Engineer!
  3. +3
    5 February 2016 07: 32
    Excellent follower, Boris Safonov ..! Thank you for the article ..
  4. +7
    5 February 2016 07: 58
    I remember in the early 90s, in one of the aviation magazines, people, relying on archival documents, talked about cool German pilots. Moreover, it turned out that the German archives are all the ultimate truth, but ours, well, it's ours, they don't fit in with the German ones. And so interesting were their attempts to tell about the fact that the Germans were knocking down our packs, but ours turned out to not shoot down anyone. As you may not read, all German planes are either lost in flight accidents, or damaged or destroyed during landings. And B.F. Safonov turned out to be flying, but according to the German archives he did not shoot down the planes, all the planes he claimed had been shot down, or for some reason landed on an emergency, or the pilots left them with parachutes because of the failure of technology ... You read such "scientific works" and wonder how so it turns out. they knock us down by the hundreds and we met in their Berlin on May 1945, XNUMX, held a parade of winners ... It is quite possible that some archival worm with German archival documents will creep out: ".. but the Germans are not under claim that on this day they lost the plane, on this day they have no losses ... "
    By the way, I have a model of V. Pokrovsky’s airplane on my shelf, though in the article the painting of the airplane on the collage is not correctly restored, but this is a trifle
    1. 0
      6 February 2016 01: 26
      Quote: Fitter65
      And it turned out that the German archives are all the truth in the last resort, and ours, well, ours are ours - they don’t interfere with the German ones. And their attempts to tell us that the Germans were felling our packs were so interesting, but ours turned out to not be shot down

      Neither when you need to read nor the memoirs of the losing side. They are played out retroactively in memoirs. They are OFFENSE! The Russians have an expression: "After a fight, they don't wave their fists." And they don't wave their fists, they, like cowards, write libels.
  5. +3
    5 February 2016 08: 11
    Hero of the Soviet Union (1943) Vladimir Pavlovich Pokrovsky (1918-1998) with an I-16 fighter. Beginning of the war, 78th Fighter Aviation Regiment of the Air Force of the Northern Fleet.
  6. +3
    5 February 2016 10: 34
    Quote: Fitter65
    I remember at the beginning of the 90, in one of the aviation magazines, people based on archival documents talked about cool German pilots.
    It was in the History of Aviation that there was a series of articles about the Safonovites. The title was sort of like "Fight like Safonov", where the author tried to assure that the Germans did not have much aviation in the northern theater, and the pilots drew Soviet victories no worse than Hartman. In short, then I read two articles and spat, and the author continued his "chernukha" in three or four journals.
    For the Poles, the cardboard model of Yak was published in this particular color (waiting in the wings on my shelf). I did not know that this was the plane of the wingman Safonov.
  7. +4
    5 February 2016 12: 56
    As you can judge, the North Seamers flew mainly on foreign planes (Hurricanes and Tomahawks). Most likely, the British and American cars favorably differed from ours in the presence of radio stations, a horizon, and an ARC.
    Their disadvantages include machine gun armament. This probably means that, according to the instructions of that time, the pilot was supposed to fire at enemy aircraft from a relatively long range. To "hit the target" required a high rate of fire. However, the combat effectiveness remained low. Shooting from a much slower-firing cannon required rapprochement with the enemy. This was very dangerous for the pilot of the attacking aircraft. It is noteworthy that the Severomorians installed guns on the Hurricanes. This most likely meant a violation of the requirements of the governing documents governing combat use.
    1. +1
      5 February 2016 16: 27
      This, most likely, meant a violation of the requirements of the governing documents governing combat use.
      And our FSU. They needed not to shoot, but to shoot down the Germans.
  8. -2
    5 February 2016 13: 10
    as always, another stupid verbiage "Eunzhiner-fizdabola"
    http://topwar.ru/index.php?newsid=90054 - комменты
  9. +2
    5 February 2016 15: 42
    The main problem of the P-40s on which the North Severs flew was the Allison engine. Firstly, I immediately had to change the oil. Native thickened in the cold and start the engine was a big problem. The oil was replaced with a less viscous one. But in flight, when the engine warmed up, the abnormal oil became too liquid. which led to increased engine wear. In addition, with prolonged operation of the motor at maximum, they could melt and jam the bearings. What is considered as one of the possible reasons for the death of Safonov. Well, in a battle without maximum engine operating modes in any way. It’s easier to shoot yourself before you fly out on the ground. By the way, on the P-39, Aerocobra, Allison also stood, though a little different. In Pokryshkin’s book there is an episode in which he says that in the sky above the Kuban they were forced to drive their engines at maximum speed while patrolling in order to maintain high speed. Because of this, the engine life of the engines was reduced by about half. but there was no way out - too slowly, compared to Messer, the cobra was gaining speed. And the armament of the R-40 was at the level of 6 heavy machine guns. This Harikeynov had from 6 to 8 rifle-caliber machine guns, with a pretty low rate of fire for aviation. So our two guns and two ShKAS were put on them, having a rate of fire of up to 1500 rounds per minute.
  10. +1
    5 February 2016 17: 13
    Quote: Cat undereducated
    the armament of the R-40 was at the level of 6 heavy machine guns.

    Sighting of machine guns of the American fighter P-40E Kittyhawk (Curtiss P-40E Kittyhawk) in the dark.
  11. +1
    5 February 2016 21: 44
    About the Safonovsky regiment, there is an interesting interview with Artem Drabkin with the former regiment pilot Nikolai Golodnikov http://militera.lib.ru/memo/russian/drabkin_ay3/07.html
  12. 0
    6 February 2016 01: 00
    Article +
    A human question to the author, technical engineer)) "Are there humanities engineers?")
    1. 0
      6 February 2016 20: 54
      There are: political workers (engineers of human souls).
  13. 0
    19 March 2016 18: 26
    One of the Nazi pilots could not stand it, he radiated in plain text: “Save yourself, we are surrounded!”
    Interesting, but in what language did the German pilot say this? Soviet pilots with knowledge of German usually had problems. And how can one be saved if surrounded, and even in the air ??? wassat

    Incidentally, the rescue of bombers was always in the unity of the system and the concentration of defensive fire.

    He also had the opportunity to participate in the last battle for Boris Feoktistovich - on 30 on May 1942, when our three fighters covered up an allied convoy. On that day, Safonov destroyed three Junkers. His pilots, Pokrovsky and Orlov, were hit by a car. Having lost five planes and dropping bombs anywhere, the Nazis left the battlefield. Ships and transports came to Murmansk unscathed. But the commander did not return to the airfield.
    Not so simple. In total, the Germans lost 3 bomber in that battle, but they fired at both ship anti-aircraft guns and fighters, and it is not known how many pilots were shot down.

    On the radio, he said "I hit one! I hit the second! I attack the third!" - i.e. he attacked, but whether he shot down and how many is unknown, just after his death it was decided to credit him with three victories ...

    Our pilots immediately attacked the head group of "Junkers". A fierce battle ensued, the link broke up. Neither Pokrovsky nor Orlov had direct communication with the commander. When the followers returned home, they learned that Safonov had informed the KP about the "Junkers" brought down by him and almost immediately that he was going to the compelled. From one of the guard ships, they watched as a fighter, losing altitude, went to the convoy and disappeared in the waves of the raging sea. The reason for the death of the commander remained a mystery.
    Nothing mysterious - Ju-88 killed the gunners with fire (therefore, he didn’t jump with a parachute) and his plane crashed into the ocean, this is confirmed by the description of the German pilots and the certificate from the Soviet ship.