Developer: ROFAR technology allows replacing all the antennas on the ship with one locator

Using phased-array radio-optical antenna arrays (ROFAR) on a ship will reduce the weight and size characteristics of radio-electronic equipment by 5-7, RIA News report of the adviser to the deputy general director of the Concern Radioelectronic Technologies, Vladimir Mikheev.

Radiophotonics instead of electronics

The representative of KRET noted that “radio-phased phased antenna arrays will significantly expand the capabilities of modern communications and radars — their resolution will increase tenfold.”

“The carriers of this technology will necessarily be naval platforms, in particular, ship radar stations. Modern warships are literally hung with various locators and antennas, each of which operates in its own range. One locator with ROFAR technology due to its broadband can replace them all. We have an integrated assessment - we plan to reduce the weight and size characteristics of the equipment by 5-7 times ",

told Mikheev.

In the future, ROFAR technology can be used on submarines.

“It is possible that we will be able to look under the water, for hydroacoustics, for use on submarines, this technology is also being considered,” said the adviser.

Comments

[altman]

So why have our ships been waiting for all this for years ??

[svp67]

Quote: altman

So why have our ships been waiting for all this for years ??

Because...

[222222]

11.11.2014/2199/XNUMX http://politnews.net/XNUMX

"General Director of KRET Nikolay Kolesov:

- The scientific and technical project “Development of an Active Phased Array Based on Radio Photonics” (ROFAR) includes the creation of a new specialized laboratory and the development of a universal technology that will form the basis of new generation radar and electronic warfare systems. Nanophotonics is a promising scientific field, which will soon determine the vector of development of dual-use technology in developed countries. The latest technologies will allow us already in 2020 to create efficient and advanced transceivers, radar stations, electronic reconnaissance systems and electronic countermeasures, which will replace the existing line.

The laboratory will create all conditions for conducting scientific research, including a cleanroom regime where the concentration of dust, microorganisms and chemical vapors is minimized.

One of the main areas of research in the field of radio photonics will be the development and manufacture of a new generation of active phased antenna array (AFAR), which will reduce the weight of the equipment by 1,5–3 times, increase its reliability and efficiency by 2–3 times, as well as by dozens times increase scanning speed and resolution.

Today AFAR technologies are already widely used in the creation of airborne radar stations (BRLS) of modern fighters. At the moment, an airborne radar for the MiG-35 Zhuk-AE FGA and FGA35 fighter with AFAR has been created. It makes it possible to simultaneously track a large number of targets due to electronic control of the beam position. The station is capable of detecting and capturing the enemy on water, land and in the air, recognizing its class, type and size, solving navigation problems and aiming high-precision weapons. "U ......

[Inok10]

Quote: 222222

Scientific and technical project "Development of an Active Phased Array Based on Radio Photonics" (ROFAR)

.. Photonics is essentially an analog of electronics, using instead of electrons, quanta of the electromagnetic field - photons. These most widespread particles in the Universe, unlike electrons, have no mass and charge. That is why photonic systems are not subject to external electromagnetic fields, have a much greater transmission range and signal bandwidth.
As a field of science, photonics began in 1960 with the invention of the first important technical device using photons - the laser. The very term "photonics" itself began to be widely used in the 1980s in connection with the beginning of the widespread use of fiber-optic transmission. By the way, in our country, the first development of such fiber-optic cables was undertaken by the OKB of the cable industry, now part of KRET.
.. the conversation is about a broader concept ..
P. S. .. here is a human readable about radio photonics .. http://professionali.ru/Soobschestva/promyshlennost/radiofotonika-vmesto-elektro
niki /

[lis-ik]

I will add exactly 19
For 60 years, science fiction of Soviet writers about photon engines as a means of transportation in interstellar space was used, because a photon is a particle of light.

[Inok10]

Quote: lis-ik

I’ll add that it was the 1960s that the science fiction of Soviet writers about photon engines as a means of transportation in interstellar space was used, because a photon is a particle of light.

.. and created 1955 year Kaliningrad OKB "Fakel" .. 05.10.2015/XNUMX/XNUMX celebrated its 60 years .. chief developer and manufacturer of SPD - Stationary Plasma Engines ..

.. In 1959, a stand for building high-temperature plasma was built in building 51, at the same time a group was formed to create micromodel plasma generators and electric rocket engines that could be used in space technology.
So, in the early 80s, as part of the Hercules program, the Fakel Design Bureau developed a stationary plasma engine with a capacity of 25 kilowatts, which was brought to a high degree of perfection ...

.. in the photo serial SPD 100V ..

[zennon]

Quote: lis-ik

I will add exactly 19
For 60 years, science fiction of Soviet writers about photon engines as a means of transportation in interstellar space was used, because a photon is a particle of light.

Photon engines are not science fiction unfortunately.

[saturn.mmm]

Quote: zennon

Photon engines are not science fiction unfortunately.

Why unfortunately?

[opus]

Quote: 222222

AFAR of a new generation, which will reduce the weight of the equipment by 1,5–3 times,

+

Quote: Author

The use of ROFAR on a ship will reduce the overall dimensions of electronic equipment by 5-7 times

the mass of the emitter / receiver itself, as a radar unit, does not decrease, but increases.

This is clear, since a dielectric (discrete or not not the essence) dome lens is added to the PMD

and here cost analysis carried out during the development of a prototype waveguide CR shows that the cost of manufacturing a radar with GLA FAR-CL is relatively similar to the scanning system with a tetrahedral headlamp lower by 30%, and in the antenna part the gain can reach 50%.

And of course, the 1 radar can replace several, since the lens, being a scattering one, allows you to increase the scanning sector of a flat antenna array due to the additional refraction of the rays, since each part of the CR acts as a prism, changing their direction ..

which will give a gain in the mass of antenna posts.
instead of 4 it will be possible 2

Americans with the SPY-3 MFR went a bit wrong:

And SPY-4 is the same in principle. Maybe they will switch to SPY-5 at ROFAR?

[Genry]

A dome lens will only worsen performance in terms of accuracy and selection for noise and interference (from all directions to one headlamp).
The slanted hexagon, plus the upper horizontal (7 PAR panels) - this is the ideal antenna system, with a high scanning speed and the maintenance of a large number of objects (your or someone else’s shell is also an object for correction or counteraction).

[opus]

Quote: Genry

A dome lens will only degrade performance in terms of accuracy and selection for noise and interference

What to do with radar fairing?
On ANY LA?

On beech trees?

They poor fools do not know about this? (fairing is not KL)

KU antenna reduction, placed under the fairing, is at least 0,5 dB, and the beam positioning error is up to 0,25 °, the reflection coefficient increases, the level of the side lobes (SBS) increases by 1 dB at the initial level of 20 dB and by 4 dB at the initial level - 30 dB.

Cost Analysis [S chwartzman L., S tangel JJ The dome antenna // The Microwave Journal. 1975.], conducted during the development of a prototype waveguide CR, shows what are the costs of manufacturing a radar with GLA FAR-KL about similar in scanning capabilities to a quadrangular HEADLIGHT system 30% lower, and in the antenna part the gain can reach 50%.

Quote: Genry

Slanted hexagon, plus upper horizontal (7 HEADLIGHT panels)

These are convex (conformal) phased antennas (research began back in the late 1950s). Convex headlamps (VFAR) include flat headlamps and those built on their basis multifaceted headlamps as special cases.
Here it is necessary to change the entire device (it is necessary not only to radiate, but also to accept / select)
And the best will be a spaced conformal, exactly corresponding to the forms of the aircraft.

[opus]

What you "invented" has long been known: quasi-conformal PAR

Only for ground-based air defense systems, it is theoretically all the same, but better, like for a ship: hemisphere
if you take into account the radar (hemispherical quasiconformal phased antenna array (KFAR))

The faces of the truncated semi-icosahedron (emitters 2) are made in the form of pentagons and hexagons. An optimal embodiment is the antenna array (1) of sixteen emitters 2, identical in design: either in the form of six pentagons and ten hexagons with a hexagon in the center of the hemisphere, or in the form of five pentagons and eleven hexagons with a pentagon in the center of the hemisphere.
(3) it is a switching system, tk

Quote: Genry

plus top horizontal

FIG is not needed (for HEADLIGHTS)


IT'S EXPENSIVE, VERY


And so "antennas are different"

[gridasov]

It is impossible not to understand. that ROFAR technology or any other has a set of restrictions on the input data and on their processing. Working with big data is also associated with large energy costs for ensuring the operation of the system. Who understands what the problem is, no need to explain to him. At the current pace of development, everyone will very quickly align their positions with respect to each other. Breakthrough ideas are needed, first of all, at the fundamental level of solving the mathematical problems of receiving and processing big data, this time. These systems should work independently of energy costs — these are two. The adversary should not know that he is on the gun. which means that only one-way communication should be ensured, which means that the depth or density of the energy of e must be expanded. magnetic impulse. In addition, circuitry solutions should be transformed into bulk ones, and not on boards built in a linear principle. In general, I think that few people understood what was said.

[Lunaaron]

Understood ... :-))

[fisherman2]

All these 10 years are set on VIP yachts. And what is on the submarines will tell you at least 30 years later when the children replace them with new willows, they will think about it ONE KNOW-HOW

[Red_Hamer]

When I hear the name of this character, I immediately see a picture of the office of the governor of the Amur Region with stucco molding in the Rococo style covered with gold leaf, and much more. Absolutely in the style of Chubais's "nano-innovations". Who cares about all these "collisions" in the internet. And maybe not in the subject, but inspired.)) - Do you remember how Yudashkin stuttered about nano-socks for our army?

[remy]

for submarines it really looks like a fantasy
but, the electronic underwater vision system for nuclear submarines was also once something unreliable

[sabakina]

Quote: remy

for submarines it really looks like a fantasy
but, the electronic underwater vision system for nuclear submarines was also once something unreliable

In the USSR, during the New Year holidays, the film "The Secret of Two Oceans" was always shown. There was a submarine "Pioneer", which not only had a TV picture, but also some other garbage on its nose that melted icebergs ... Who knows, maybe you and I will live to see that?

[opus]

Quote: remy

for submarines it really looks like a fantasy
but, electronic underwater vision systems for nuclear submarines

ROFAR does not mean that the radar will be used by submarines under water!
Neither a photon nor a fracture lens will help anything ..
10-35 kHz at periscope depths for receiving receipts, etc.
And for transmission via satellite according to the schedule at the ascent ...
Everything will remain as it was

-----------------------
it’s just that the radar will become smaller, one, all-perspective, inconspicuous ... which will increase the survival of submarines

[remy]

"we won't dream a lot"
and estimate if, nevertheless, this radar will work on the submarine in the underwater position
then, in addition to anti-ship missiles and anti-ship missiles, it can be shoved there, such as a 40N6 missile system with a range of 400 km.
- it will be a revolution in military shipbuilding
+ Anti-torpedoes Package-PL already want to put on pr.955
get a full-fledged secretive ship capable of almost anything!
still there would be a hangar for helicopters or even better 3-4 VTOL to push type YAK-141

[go21zd45few]

Yes, because the brake is our unprofessional mediocre right-
This is a pro-Western government and one does not have to expect anything good from it.

[tolian]

go21zd45few, whose is your mediocre? Our gift!

[Genry]

You are right about the government, but alas, it is inappropriate here.
Shoigu is taxing here and not Medvedev, and therefore everything will be normal.

[Yarhann]

for sure, personally, GDP and Dimka should be engaged in scientific research in this area if one doesn’t need our new radar complex. Tin. Bottom. Aw. At the bottom . Try to do something yourself with a head, find money for it and then find someone to sell it to. tired of narrow-minded. This is not trade, not IT, it is much more complicated and much more expensive both in terms of dough and in terms of working goals. In our country, now there is no problem in the dough, there is a problem in the brain - the brain market is just very small - those who go with the brains to work where they pay well or organize something themselves and who do not have it, they go to business and so on, maintenance, etc., etc. that is, having higher education, they are engaged in work at the level of a vocational school graduate or technical school. Why do not go to state-owned corporations and etc. enterprises - I already wrote a few brains above - just there go those who are interested in science and research more than their salaries, but that’s not all for everyone. The obvious thing is that their millions of stupid university graduates will come out of the Royal Sugar Loomonosov units and so on and so forth - but they will come out and they will receive all their fame and achievements in science at the expense of the state. Learn to work with the state, learn to milk it in the good sense of the word - yes it’s not easy, but it’s for this purpose only and it was created for you for your growth and development.

[derik1970]

There was a time, and it has already gone when university graduates were unloading wagons, V. Putin once said something like that, for the sake of words ... Not everyone was able to go into commerce, it's just not real. The Samara Polytechnic University at that time graduated several thousand engineers a year, imagine that if everyone became businessmen! The lack of demand for our industry in specialists, its collapse did their job, people retrained as much as possible or went to loaders, because the specialties of economists and lawyers are still priority. The industry has not developed and is still skidding, the defense industry does not count, there are also those bends, they are being driven by different figures in order to fill their pocket for the sake of their ambitions. My friend works as a simple adjuster of CNC machines, has a higher education, who will let him grow professionally if the bosses put his sorrow in the leadership in management ??? In our region, even in the region, it was previously possible to rewind a 250 kW electric motor, and now to do this you need to go to Moscow! And I live in the southern Urals, Orenburg region. Does this mean something to you ??? The industry is stagnant, nothing is developing except for some islands of the defense industry and all right! And if the industry does not develop, then the corresponding specialists are not needed, except for sellers of real estate, etc. When TNK came to the oil industry, we closed entire repair shops, turned lathes into the streets for sale, but got rid of unnecessary ballast. In the city, some shops are entire neighborhoods. Regarding your reasoning about the brain: whoever takes me into a state corporation as a simple engineer, you are closing the factories with one movement of your hand, without straining. Who needs my brains, but nobody, the whole principle of work sit silently do not be clever. In our electric workshop, with a higher education, I am alone, all other lawyers, etc. the bosses are the chief power engineer and the shop manager. What professional level can we talk about at all ?! And do not say that in search of a better share, you need to go somewhere else. The family and the apartment are not lying on the road.
And again, no one is going to privately develop complex, high-tech production, no one needs this, and therefore no one needs specialists. They will invite me from abroad, but I’ll spread rot on my own, especially since education is in full prostration, undergraduates graduate from universities, and everything goes from school. Yesterday I just taught my boss how to format texts in Word, but they are afraid to talk about Excel in general. And yes, GDP and Dimka will not do anything similar, they have declarations, slogans and no more. God forbid that Putin does not "cross himself" and the country is not completely surrendered, he will become a liberal ... Sorry, maybe all this is not the topic, but nonetheless ...

[dmi.pris]

The answer is obvious - it takes time to recover from the Gorbachev-Alkashev devastation .. This applies to everything ... I think (it should be considered five-year plans), then two, subject to the hard work of ALL ..

Quote: altman

So why have our ships been waiting for all this for years ??

[Ami du peuple]

Quote: altman

So why have our ships been waiting for all this for years ??

But nothing that KRET was formed just five years ago? And during this time such serial models of electronic equipment put in the troops that our sworn friends never dreamed of? The same electronic warfare and radio-electronic equipment that have no analogues in the world. You can really be proud of the results of this concern ..
Everything will be with time. And you, if you really want to accelerate the development and delivery of such products, go to work in KRET.

[iliitchitch]

Quote: Ami du peuple

But nothing that KRET was formed just five years ago? And during this time such serial models of electronic equipment put in the troops that our sworn friends never dreamed of? The same electronic warfare and radio-electronic equipment that have no analogues in the world. You can really be proud of the results of this concern ..

KRET - guys are serious, big inventors. So that in a few years to explode ... I respect. Only Chubais and stools should not be allowed to steer, they’ll come up with something else. As I understand it, we are REALLY the first in this sector now.

[maiman61]

Do you want to destroy KRET - put the leader of Chubais!

[DobryAAH]

Do you want to destroy KRET - put the leader of Chubais!

Chubais on the wire.

"Nanophotonics is a promising scientific area that will soon determine the vector of development of dual-use technology in developed countries," Nikolay Kolesov, General Director of KRET emphasized the importance of the project. "The latest technologies will allow us to create effective and transmitting devices, radar stations, electronic intelligence and electronic countermeasures systems that will replace the existing line. "

More details: http://i.rbc.ru/anons/item/kret_gotovit_radiofotonnyj_proryv_v_elektronike

[Wedmak]

Because radio photonics is just starting its steps. This is still experiments, experiments, improvements.

[opus]

Quote: Wedmak

Because radio photonics is just starting its steps.

Long.
Since the days of p-conductors and lasers.
T. Moss "Optical properties of semiconductors" (IL, 1961)
Nosov Yu. R. Optoelectronics. - M .: Soviet Radio, 1977.
Moss T., Barrel G., Ellis B. Semiconductor optoelectronics. M .: Mir, 1976.

------------------------------
Just now, the technological base and number-crushing computers allow you to create and simulate (mat model)

[varov14]

Because they just talk about what the common people do not need to know about, but there is no work. But they are perfectly suggestive of the direction in which to develop, whether idiots, traitors, or rather the latter.

[kartalovkolya]

In the words of Winnie the Pooh, this is MFWF not casual, but why should you buzz if you are not a bee? And the bees are honey! Draw your own conclusions ...

[iliitchitch]

Quote: varov14

Because they just talk about what the common people do not need to know about, but there is no work. But they are perfectly suggestive of the direction in which to develop, whether idiots, traitors, or rather the latter.

Either there’s nothing to worry about ... Americans, of course, are stupid endlessly, but not to the same extent that broadband could not be thought of.

[gridasov]

Do not forget that there are more important parameters - this is an extension of the range in depth or energy density. And there are also those that not many are able to perceive at all. Spatial interactions cannot be defined exclusively linear or so-called. broadband options.

[Genry]

This makes the ovs hit spurs under the breath of their riding cow, which can no longer increase milk yield and would be glad to die, but thanks to stimulants it can still breathe.

[Simon]

Because these locators with ROFAR technology, it is necessary to develop, develop a production for the production of these locators, release, test and then only put them into production, only after that all the ships must be put into modernization one by one, and this is the time.

[ARES623]

Quote: altman

So why have our ships been waiting for all this for years ??

Apples fell for thousands of years, and only Newton they pushed to the "law of universal gravitation". Everything has its time...

[Starik72]

Altman. What do you want, what would you like once, and all at once presented on a silver platter? After all, people say that MOSCOW was not immediately built. Give me time, there will be a squirrel for you, and a whistle!

[SanSuh]

Because Ulyukaev with siluanov downs

[fisherman2]

Long standing and waiting for hours X

[Aleksey_K]

Quote: altman

So why have our ships been waiting for all this for years ??

So they just came up with, thanks for the fact that they reported, otherwise you would not have had any questions.

[Johnny51]

So far, we have a short "blanket": not enough for everything ... Personally, I was surprised by the breakthrough in the defense industry in 2013-2015.

[aleks 62 next]

.... So why are our ships waiting for all this for years ?? ...

.... Unit assembly .... Manual .... These are not stamped iPhones ...

[goose]

Quote: altman

So why have our ships been waiting for all this for years ??

I would say, for decades, back in the 90s, the whole theory and element base already existed for the creation of "optoelectronic" (EHF range and higher in optics) phased arrays. The only problem was the lack of powerful and fast enough PCs to control these antennas, and without them all interest was lost.
The most interesting thing is that in mass production this technology is much cheaper and more profitable than traditional headlights, but it requires expensive technological equipment and scientific investments in production technology.

Near-scientific, near-war and production management has a very strong braking effect, while politicians, it happens, also put sticks in wheels.

[avvg]

Radio-electronic technology concern continues to delight us with its new products!

[ziqzaq]

What is the ROFAR principle? If anyone in the know enlighten the teapot, please .....

[venaya]

"What is the ROFAR principle?"- radio-optical phased antenna arrays are fixed antenna installations, where the direction of both radiation and the direction of the received electromagnetic (even optical) signal is carried out by changing the" phase "(delay) of reception / transmission of electromagnetic radiation (any, even optical range).

[Averias]

Quote: ziqzaq

What is the ROFAR principle? If anyone in the know enlighten the teapot, please .....

Read about radio photon systems. Since describing the principle of work here is too problematic. There will be a lot of letters. The key to this system is ultra-wideband. But about the benefits I can give such information - the usual means of electronic warfare against ROFAR are absolutely useless.

[sa-ag]

Quote: Averias

The key to this system is ultra-wideband.

I remember one article in "Science and Life", at least here http://www.nkj.ru/archive/articles/3628/ but I remember I saw an article about an ultra-wideband signal much earlier

[Averias]

Quote: sa-ag

ultra-wideband signal and much earlier

You are right, "dancing with a tambourine" has been around for a long time. Only the implementation was problematic (especially the compactness and energy component). Now, apparently, the technology allows.

[sa-ag]

Quote: Averias

around this for a long time "dances with a tambourine" arrange

Found, remembered that in the 80s I read about it - http://www.nkj.ru/archive/articles/5824/
"... There is an interesting pattern in pulsed radio engineering: the shorter the pulse, the wider its spectrum, the more frequencies it contains. An ultrashort pulse contains frequencies from tens of hertz to gigahertz (10 9 Hz). Its spectrum is indistinguishable from ordinary noise, from which, however, the transmitter signal can be extracted.
If the radio pulses are made very short, about 500 picoseconds (1 ps = 10 -12 s), the electromagnetic wave as such will no longer exist. Only a short burst (s) will remain from it. To send a message in digital form, the 'comb' of such pulses is modulated by increasing or decreasing the distance between them (b).

For more details see: http://www.nkj.ru/archive/articles/5824/ (Science and Life, TECHNOLOGY, WHICH IS DIFFICULT TO BELIEVE) "

[prostofily]

The only real description of the process here. A plus

[opus]

Quote: Averias

ultrawideband.

No.
Advantages:
an increase in the scanning sector with a minimum decrease in gain (KU).

(The decrease in the gain of the antenna placed under the fairing is at least 0,5 dB, and the error in the positioning of the beam is up to 0,25 °, the reflection coefficient increases, the level of side lobes (UBL) increases by 1 dB at the initial level of 20 dB and by 4 dB at the initial level - 30 dB.)
For ROFAR fundamental is the limitation of the width of the working strip. It is caused, on the one hand, by an increase in the angular frequency sensitivity of the spacecraft relative to the flat headlamp proportionally to the CLCS due to an increase in the scanning angle by quasi-optical methods. On the other hand, for discrete CRs, this limitation is determined by the broadband of channels and emitters on the inner and outer sides of the lens.


According to the data / Multifunctional cloth antenna arrays / D.I. Voskresensky et al. // Antennas. - 2006. - No. 9 /, the width of the working frequency band may exceed 10%.


as defined by the United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) (2002), ultra-wideband It is proposed to consider signals with a relative bandwidth of at least 20-25%
we have: signals with a bandwidth of more than an octave, tesignals with an upper boundary of the frequency band f_ {upper} more than 2 times exceeds the lower bound f_ {lower}

[sharp-lad]

T-s-s-s! Offend Americans ahead of time! They then think that they will catch up and overtake by means of electronic warfare, but it turns out to catch up with the laggards.

[dauria]

What is the ROFAR principle? If anyone in the know enlighten the teapot, please .....

The first two letters are "RO". So this is an ordinary AFAR with all its problems, namely, it is difficult to pack the elements of the array (and this is an antenna + amplifier + phase shifter) at short distances (For a 3 cm range, this is less than 1,5 cm) The complexity of heat removal, since the efficiency of semiconductor emitters is still low. And the difficulty is to bring the signal from one microwave master oscillator to all elements of the array. (for coherence)

This is the most powerful "RO" and only solves the last problem. The microwave signal of the generator modulates the optical carrier, and is fed via optical fibers (rot as you like) to the elements of the array, where the light is detected, turning again into a microwave.

The idea is old, successful, and it seems not ours. I don’t remember exactly where I first saw it.

[gridasov]

You are absolutely right that the idea is old and that means that it is not progressive. Rather, it can improve, but this is not a breakthrough technology. If we talk about real progress, then this can only be a technology for the single-vector reception of a radiating pulse from a moving or not moving object in the range of its individual email. magnetic radiation. And for this, a new elemental base is needed, which will expand the potential of the pulse energy density. There are no such shifts. In addition, fractal lattices have even more advantages than those shown in the photo, and which are built according to special mathematical techniques that rely on little-known number functions. In general, it is difficult to believe in the said advantages.

[sa-ag]

Quote: dauria

and through optical fibers (rot as you want) is fed to the elements of the lattice

So is it just a replacement for waveguides? I thought more fundamentally, especially in light of the appearance of the first photon processor

[gridasov]

A fundamentally non-logical approach. The structure of interrelated events in nature is such that it is impossible to repeat it with a quantitative approach. In other words, through processors it will never be possible not only to determine the development paths of the physicals themselves. events, but also coordinate them according to the level of dynamics and potential. Therefore, everything is carried out through mathematical methods that need to be solved only through the introduction of fundamental discoveries.

[MrK]

Quote: sa-ag

So is it just a replacement for waveguides?

This is not just replacing a waveguide with a fiber. Accepted microwave oscillation is transferred by each radiator at an intermediate frequency and after amplification with the help of a multi-channel light modulator (dynamic transparency), it is converted into fluctuations in the optical range.
Further processing is carried out in the optical range using a system containing a laser, a collimator, lenses, apertures, optical filters, transparencies, etc.
In this system, instantaneous analog processing of spatio-temporal information takes place. As a result, an optical image of the radar situation in the space in front of the receiving AR is formed at the system output in real time.
Using optoelectronic devices, this image can be converted into signals for subsequent processing in a computer.

Source: http://5fan.ru/wievjob.php?id=21634

[MrK]

Thanks dauria. I thought to answer a colleague, a teapot, and here you are with the correct answer. We still at 1981 solved this problem with graduates and wrote research. But only then the elemental base and technologies were not appropriate. But the theory of space-time filtering in optics has been known for a long time. And of course, the speed of computing systems. Especially on board the aircraft.

[opus]

Quote: ziqzaq

What is the ROFAR principle? If anyone in the know enlighten the teapot, please ...

Roughly and shortly (only in angle) with the HEADLIGHT - / + 60g. at ROFAR: - / + 120gr
(see the pictures)

Dome lenses can be continuous or discrete.
To the first include homogeneous dielectric lenses, in which the thickness determines the introduced phase delay, or lenses with a fixed thickness with a relative dielectric constant, depending on the elevation angle.
The second type represented by waveguide and coaxial-dipole structures. In this case, emitting openings or dipole elements are located on the inner and outer sides of the CR, and phase-shifting sections are located inside the shell. They can be either fixed or controllable, which significantly increases the cost of the structure, but at the same time expands the possibilities of scanning the beam.

Demonstrator (full-featured radar): The dome lens consists of 8511 channels, made in the form of a hemisphere on a cylindrical pedestal, the diameter of the base is 1,93 m and the height is 1,3 m. The primary headlamp with a diameter of 1,2 m contains 1120 elements united by four to simplify the management of FR in the aperture.
Antenna system provides beam scanning within one and a half hemispheres in the frequency band 5,25. . . 5,75 GHz. The distribution of delays in the CR is optimized in such a way that the maximum level of CS is achieved near the horizontal plane.

[voyaka uh]

Thank. At least a little, I realized what kind of beast it was - ROFAR ....

[dauria]

here is another definition of ROFAR from "Antennas and microwave devices
Phased Array Design
Edited by D.I. Voskresensky
2nd edition, revised and revised
Recommended by the State Committee of the Russian Federation on Higher Education as a study guide for students of educational institutions studying in the field of "Radio Engineering"
Moscow: Publishing House "Radio and Communications", 1994

It was supposed to transfer part of the computational load to analog optical processing. But that was 20 years ago, the computers were weak. So what exactly is meant by "radio-optical" today - and fig knows it, look at the piece of iron. But who will show.

[opus]

Quote: dauria

It was supposed to transfer part of the computational load to analog optical processing.

Yes it was.
Spaniards are working now

in principle, what you describe

Quote: dauria

solves only the last problem. The microwave signal of the generator modulates the optical carrier, and is fed through the optical fibers (rot as you want) to the elements of the array, where the light is detected, turning again into microwave.

applicable for long distances and ONLY the resulting / control signal, but no matter how energy from the central radio frequency source.

Tk. Efficiency of an optical energy transmission line is about 50-70% (it is understandable for laser efficiency)

Energy transfer through an optical fiber is possible only with a low-voltage transmission line with a voltage of the order of the semiconductor band gap, i.e., of the order of 1 eV.
Modern optical fibers are capable of transmitting significant light fluxes of more than 100 W and have very small attenuation coefficients of the order of 0,1 dB / m


And it can be (as you wrote above) acceptable for PFAR (1n large central radio frequency source (magnetron, klystron or TWT) and many emitting / receiving elements): BMEWS, BRLS-8B Zaslon, SCANFAR, (development AN / SPG- 59), and so on.
Again the issue in efficiency

For AFAR, which has a bunch (from 1000 to 3000) of PMD that combine a radiating element (or a group of radiating elements) and active devices (amplifying, generating or converting) is not relevant.

They heat themselves (and they need to be cooled). And the power dissipation in the MMIC will not disappear.
GaAs MMIC chips should work at low temperatures anyway.

But the main limitation is the range of angles at which the beam can be deflected = not solve, without the principle that I described above or similar.

[kursk87]

Compact equipment is always an advantage.

[valokordin]

Everything will be without Ukrainian parts.

[kartalovkolya]

Did you mean fat?

[alex1375]

no, fat, does not apply to Ukrainian parts :), but without good fat (which also does not apply to Urainsky), high-tech developments are not possible :)

[sharp-lad]

Without lard, pickles and Vodka!

[Alez]

This is called the technological advantage over the enemy. Hurray Comrades !!!

[afdjhbn67]

Quote: Alez

This is called the technological advantage over the enemy. Hurray Comrades !!!

This is a joke, yes ??

[Koronik]

"The use of radio-optical phased antenna arrays (ROFAR) on the ship will make it possible to reduce the weight and size characteristics of electronic equipment by 5-7 times."
Good news, and if it’s also used in submarines, this is super !!!

[Great-grandfather of Zeus]

No, well, interesting, they came up with something new, why shout to the whole world and even show how it looks? I do not argue, maybe the "sworn friends" have something similar, but it's better to silently do and test, maybe we are with "sworn friends" "In general, we went different ways in creating such stations!

[duchy]

So there is such that it is yesterday.

[guzik007]

And in the end, it will be possible to build an antenna into the ship’s hull, so it turns out? And we get, we get ... I am tormented by vague doubts .... Somewhere I already saw this for the oohliard dollars in the waters of the Atlantic ...
The good news is that we bravely weave (weave, but cheerfully) in the tail of modern world technologies.

[Averias]

Quote: guzik007

) in the tail of modern world technologies.

From this place, you can get more details? Or are you an adherent of the principle - the standard abroad? In order not to be unfounded, I give an example: The active shell (in fact, the entire fuselage of the aircraft is a radar) PAK FA is a technology that made a splash among Western specialists. The engine, which ours recently announced, was very much interested in it by Rolls-Royce (aircraft engines). The "Baikal" processor, so ridiculed by our "sofa specialists", was highly appreciated by Intel and companies producing protected electronics. Fast reactors BN-800 (900) are "omnivorous" (and this is an intermediate development). It is not possible to recreate (copy) this technology. Where are your arguments?

[guzik007]

From this place can be more detailed? Where are your arguments?
-------------------------------------
I don’t argue that we are strong in something. but I would like our stations to fly around the nearest Universe, working for 10 years or more. Sadly, but the fact is, the Americans made us in space for a long time. 3D printers at least take-generally longing-After all weaving, or do not agree?
By the way, I am aware of all our developments described by you and do not detract from this at all. But you must admit, I really wanted to see pictures of the planets made by OUR devices. And this is technology for decades to come.

Active shell (essentially the entire fuselage of the aircraft is a radar) PAK FA - ------------------------------------ -----------------------
But it’s you, my friend, slightly bent, as far as I know, the sensors are scattered around the fuselage, yes. But the fuselage radar is something: =)

[Averias]

Quote: guzik007

But it’s you, my friend, slightly bent, as far as I know, the sensors are scattered around the fuselage, yes. But the fuselage radar is something: =)

Well, it is not necessary to take it literally, although a thousand sensors with a "tail" give the "right" to talk about the fuselage-radar in principle. In fact, this is the same AFAR only from the other side.

And about space, this is very specific. I agree, in terms of ambition and other things, yes. Other planets, photographs, the study of non-existent "black holes", the search for ephemeral "dark" matter - this is certainly good and interesting. Only here is practicality in this as it is not enough. You can of course object and say that space technologies and so on. Only here's the annoyance, basically what is used in space, is not applicable on earth (I'm not talking about heaters and so on now). Although I do not argue, science should develop in all directions. But this should not be a profanation (an example of this is "dark matter" and boson). In the summer I was at the LHC (by occupation), so to speak, I saw a colossal cut. After all, it is necessary, the heart of the LHC, the Atlas detector, to be made not repairable (although ours spoke about this more than once during the design). Now the LHC is running out of work and will build a new one. And where is the result?

[Dart2027]

Quote: guzik007

but the fact, the Americans made us in space for a long time

And who buys engines from whom? Not so bad.

[Lumumba]

Quote: Ami du peuple

But nothing that KRET was formed just five years ago? And during this time such serial models of electronic equipment put in the troops that our sworn friends never dreamed of?

Absolutely right! Even more than that, the radio-electronic equipment (EW complexes, FAR), which is already being produced for the needs of the army, is so perfect that rumors are circulating in British political circles about Russia’s cooperation with extraterrestrials. In full seriousness.

[fzr1000]

Well, the ex-Minister of Defense of Canada, Paul Hellier, in 2014 seriously stated that the United States has been cooperating for several decades with two alien races. And in all, from 2 to 12 such races are engaged in our Earth. Can any of them be with us now?

[Mountain shooter]

The abbreviation is new, it is not very clear what it means. And how they plan to create a WIDE AFAR - it is also not entirely clear. The receiving and emitting modules in such antennas are tuned to certain frequencies. Most likely, some nonlinear elements were used in the resonators. And signal processing has become more powerful. As a result, indeed, 3-4 antenna fields will cover the entire hemisphere. For ships - obvious savings, and weight, and money. Well, the lack of details is so secret ...

[Averias]

Here it is also a matter of photonic crystals, they can operate at frequencies at which ordinary ones would simply evaporate. It can operate at frequencies from 1 Hz to 100 GHz at the same time.

[DobryAAH]

No need to fantasize. To efficiently radiate, you need to have an antenna half a wave, a quarter wave, a wave. 1 Hz - a wavelength of 300000 km. Where did such a radiator fit?
The article after the holiday, the man has not yet departed. Radio photonics is simply signal processing at light frequencies up to the antenna. Moreover, the antenna does not work at all at the light frequencies on these elements.
Yes, the locator is stationary, scanning is carried out electronically and quickly.
But I would still leave my locators additionally, because if you disable this locator, then everything will go blind.

[Averias]

Quote: Good AAAH

Where did such a radiator fit?

Do you understand the concept of PHAR? Not RADIATOR but RADIATORS, in total we get what we need. Or do you think that a simple AFAR also produces a bunch of watts with one emitter?

[DobryAAH]

Do not write nonsense. A bunch of emitters gives the right power, but each emitter should work with good efficiency. There is such a thing as coordination with the emitter, which still needs to be done so that the radiation element does not overheat, that is, everything in the ether should fly away, and not the active element, but will burn.

[jekasimf]

I hope this never happens.
This will mean that the combat capability of a warship will depend on only one radar !!!! Amerikosy have already implemented all this in their much-praised IDJIS, which was easily extinguished by a container with a Khibiny system suspended under the wing of an old 24 SU.
How not to twist, but the separation of radars of control and guidance systems by frequencies is a guarantee of protection both from electronic warfare systems and from elementary burnout of the "fucking radio tube".

[Vadim237]

Drying did not extinguish anything and there was no EW on it, there was a usual flyby of a destroyer.

[Averias]

No need to "read newspapers at lunch. X \ f" Heart of a Dog. "The control unit that" worked "on the destroyer used the onboard complex in an active mode. And judging by some" leaked rumors "in suppression mode, although if we compare the power plant of the destroyer and aircraft, it looks a little fantastic (suppression). But the fact that the SU was able to briefly "blind" their system (if memory does not change their IDZHIS stands) and at that moment they profiled the illumination of their ship, the Bastion complex - this is Fact: Along the way, our SU collected the necessary telemetry, since this one has been modernized for the possibility of reconnaissance.

[DobryAAH]

We’ve already disassembled a hundred times that it’s easier to blind the locator, because it emits a pulse and waits for a very small reflected signal. And the EW clogs its receiver with a direct, strong signal. The main thing is to guess by frequencies or send broadband radiation. So Khibiny, if properly configured, depends on the program, they will put out everything once or twice.

[avva2012]

I may be confusing something, but the work of EW in relation to ships of a foreign state is almost a declaration of war? That is, you can scan, but jam, it’s aggression.

[mav1971]

Quote: avva2012

I may be confusing something, but the work of EW in relation to ships of a foreign state is almost a declaration of war? That is, you can scan, but jam, it’s aggression.

So.
And then they come up with.
And that Bastion "highlighted".
We would look at the map and think: did the targeting beam reach the destroyer? When he was in the 2 days of the move to Constanta, only having passed the Bosphorus ..

[fzr1000]

What then did our "Drying" do near the Bosphorus?

[awersa]

Surely there will be duplicate systems)))

[evge-malyshev]

This is something from the realm of fiction. And for some reason not a word about aviation. That's where the mass-dimensional characteristics in the first roles.

[anakost]

Quote: awersa

Surely there will be duplicate systems)))

I just wanted to say ...
You can’t put all the eggs in one kormna, getting into the only super antenna, the khan of the whole ship?

[DobryAAH]

So the Americans do, and ours do the same. Plus for the right train of thought.

[jekasimf]

And to me, for the same thought, they threw 6 minuses !!!

[alexej123]

I’ll compensate a little, will I be happy with the plus?

[kapitan92]

Quote: evge-malyshev

This is something from the realm of fiction. And for some reason not a word about aviation. That's where the mass-dimensional characteristics in the first roles.

The new technology will combine modern electronic equipment, such as microwave emitters and receivers, with optical elements - photodetectors, laser modules, etc. One of the main areas of research is the creation of a new generation of phased array antennas (AFAR) based on the principles of radio photonics.

At present, radars with AFAR are used on various modern military equipment of Russian production, for example, on Mig-35 fighters, in S-400 air defense systems. Adding photon technologies to similar high-tech radars will dramatically expand their capabilities.
More details: http://i.rbc.ru/anons/item/kret_gotovit_radiofotonnyj_proryv_v_elektronike

[trofy]

In fact, in the Soviet Union radar stations based on phased array antennas were already operated. In particular, the air defense ring around Moscow consisted of them. True, they were 9 times higher than a 2,5-storey building. The effectiveness and reliability of these radars was simply amazing. But during the years of perestroika, they were decommissioned and disassembled. True, I'm not sure that is all. But those on which he was personally dismantled ...

[DobryAAH]

The frequencies are different. Say the Russian hammer worked on short waves. But there is just an antenna array, and here is AFAR. On active elements, reception is transmission.

[gregor6549]

On the official website of KRET, this miracle of technology is announced a little more modestly. Namely, that KRET plans to conduct full-scale over the next 4-5 years laboratory research of this technology. Those. serial samples of antennas are still very far away. In addition, such antennas have long been practiced all over the world with varying degrees of success, and there has never been any special Russian technology "unparalleled in the world".
With promises to replace with one similar antenna all other antennas on ships, the situation is also not entirely simple. because ships always needed multi-band antennas to solve various tasks (navigation, detection and tracking of air and surface targets, weapon control, etc.).
Therefore, there is a proposal not to throw caps in the air, but to wait when the promises of KRET are embodied in real products that are serially delivered for the RF Armed Forces. And life shows that from promises to their fulfillment there is a rather long way, which, moreover, sometimes runs into a dead end. And if in the promises there are references to nanotechnologies, which in the Russian Federation have been assigned to Chubais, then caution in forecasts requires even greater

[Saratoga833]

Quote: gregor6549

nanotechnology, which in the Russian Federation has been left to Chubais,

If you want to fill up or destroy something - give it to Chubais! Why is he sweet to Putin-I still do not understand!

[avg-mgn]

Quote: Great-grandfather of Zeus

No, well, interesting, they came up with something new, why shout to the whole world and even show how it looks? I do not argue, maybe the "sworn friends" have something similar, but it's better to silently do and test, maybe we are with "sworn friends" "In general, we went different ways in creating such stations!

And then the foreign developers are stupid, and the topic does not strike .....
Physics is on the surface, but the issues of OCD and application for specific tools take time, and most importantly talented specialists, and do not rush.

[Mirrorfax]

Tea our specialists are not "made with a finger", there will be understudies.)

[yuriy55]

Only the warmest wishes and success in work. This is the new Russia, this is the new Russians ...

[kartalovkolya]

Something lately there have been a lot of cries that we are lagging behind the West in everything and not only in weapons! Take, for example, the statement of the American "fosterling", the former electrician Lech Walesa, he generally agreed that Russia lagged behind the West for 30 years, this is an "expert" and a great connoisseur of Russia! And they do not talk about how the Russian Aerospace Forces in Syria smash ISIS with conventional bombs with the accuracy of the most modern, adjustable ammunition of the West, but they seem to have already thought about themselves! Do not forget that the "English flea" was shod not by some Hans, but by a simple Tula blacksmith Levsha! And talents in Russia have never been translated, and now, despite the attempts of the West to fool us, by introducing their own educational standards, nuggets will not be translated!

[23424636]

article advertising project - give money for a big afar, although a small one for planes is never produced. We lost the tender to the Indians because of its absence and no one received penalties. We are told that she is, but advanced Indians did not recognize her. And in general, if this technology is so promising, why speak about it publicly. So there are holes there that it’s impossible to remove them secretly.

[Flat5160]

HEADLIGHTS - until recently, were a new word in electrical engineering. If this is the case, as they say, then a breakthrough is planned. Flag in hand.

[Mestny]

Quote: altman

So why have our ships been waiting for all this for years ??

Because, why, and all the rest, not our ships, are also waiting for this. Because it is a new technology.
And by the way, not the fact that it will be so effective. Perhaps she will have, in addition to advantages, a lot of shortcomings, as often happens. Or maybe not, and everything will be fine.

[Mestny]

Quote: Alez

This is called the technological advantage over the enemy. Hurray Comrades !!!

Quote: afdjhbn67

This is a joke, yes ??

Well, of course the joke! Uzbeks!
So everyone knows that everything has been stolen from us by the authorities and personally by the President, and only honest citizens who do not enjoy themselves in a liberal frenzy are singing alone in the middle of the cotton desert about "Putin."

[pts-m]

so here’s who muddies all the weather on the surface of the planet. and then all the warming is warming.

[Rom14]

One thing is not clear how they will come up with something, they start blowing the whole world .., or many already have ZTO, but our just got it, or it’s an advertisement so that it’s awesome ... For us, what is your military secrets for? ! ?? And where is the Russian security service looking? So understand that everything is tryndets ....

[v.yegorov]

Great!

[vladimir_krm]

Quote: varov14

Because they just talk about what the common people do not need to know about, but there is no work. But they are perfectly suggestive of the direction in which to develop, whether idiots, traitors, or rather the latter.

Radio optics, radio holography, and even a bunch of interesting directions of the location have long been known and are not a monopoly of Russia. Like a secret. A lot of scientific papers. There, the main thing is not even electronics, but mathematics. And even if the enemy steals the development in hardware, he will understand little, not knowing what the hell is done here and what it gives :)
And scoring the directions of work - actual or imaginary - makes the enemy spend huge money and resources, often in vain.

[gridasov]

Any discovery or technical solution is always the result of a deep analysis of the aggregate information. A perfect analysis is just mathematics. The theory of analysis based on mathematical foundations is the ability to create not just new, but also optimal and rational devices and generally solutions. When they only understand that in order to create something worthwhile, one needs to develop the ability to analyze, which means finding ways to reasonable decisions. Alas now, everything is based on the modernization of old ideas.

[podgornovea]

It's high time, otherwise the whole "bouquets" are hung!

[chunga-changa]

Accordion. Here this nonsense of either a stupid or a sick person has already been dismantled.
In principle, after "nanophotonics", a normal person already understands everything and can not read further. It is now such a marker, such as - "zirconium bracelets", "petrik nanofilters", "an expert on economics from the Higher School of Economics", "Chubais proposed reforms." Now in this glorious cohort has been added - "advisor to the deputy general director of the concern".
Let's say the general director has a deputy for marketing, or for interaction with the press. A journalist arrived, he was given an "advisor to the deputy general director", a sauna, girls, a drunken "adviser" told a drunk "journalist" - "we have such devices, but we will not show them to you ..." in the morning with a hangover, an article is born - "Developer: ROFAR technology allows replacing all antennas on the ship with one locator. "

[alean245]

The use of radio-phased phased array antennas (ROFAR) on the ship will reduce the weight and size characteristics of electronic equipment by 5-7 times, reports RIA Novosti a message from the adviser to the deputy director general of the Concern Radioelectronic Technologies, Vladimir Mikheev.

But is it not that Vladimir Mikheev, who recently drove a blizzard about the transmission of lead walls by radio emission?

[Dimon19661]

Well type of that)))

[Dimon19661]

Well, finally. And then you look at the so-called-new ships — and you just go crazy — all the stations are 20-30 years old.

[Alexander_]

And this topic (ROFAR), it seems, is also not a few years old.

[marder4]

I hope that such installations will go into service as soon as possible

[Alexander_]

http://www.findpatent.ru/patent/151/1513547.html

[surrozh]

This is perhaps the next generation.

[lecturer]

Quote: varov14

Because they just talk about what the common people do not need to know about, but there is no work. But they are perfectly suggestive of the direction in which to develop, whether idiots, traitors, or rather the latter.

- DO NOT PANIC! Now Russian science is already at the forefront of everything. Here is one of the last topics:

Physicists from Novosibirsk are developing an experimental detector to search for the so-called "dark matter", which scientists from all over the world have been trying to find for several decades ...
"Dark matter" is a hypothetical form of matter that does not emit or directly interact with electromagnetic radiation. This property makes its direct observation impossible.

[leon1204id]

Anyway, not a physicist, I don’t understand anything in radio photonics. I think that the frequency will exceed gigahertz. If you can see through water and dense bodies, then this is something close to gamma radiation and ultraviolet. Besides, electronics on photonic semiconductors are needed, then this is real. Not to mention photonic computers . Today it is unknown for us or against us time is working. For the same hill they are not asleep.

[imugn]

there is no cure for everything; the same is ROFAR. KRET is fighting for a piece of budget cake

[Aleksey_K]

Quote: imugn

there is no cure for everything; the same is ROFAR. KRET is fighting for a piece of budget cake

And it’s good when there is competition, then everyone strives to create a better competitor. Perhaps both will create such that both systems will be adopted. This is good.

[Aleksey_K]

And who said that one antenna is good? One major damage to the antenna and the ship is blind and unarmed. So all the same, you need to do several duplicate antennas.

[Orionvit]

Quote: svp67

Quote: altman

So why have our ships been waiting for all this for years ??

Because...

In my article about ten years. Look at all the modern warships, even ours, even western ones. For almost all, instead of a bunch of different antennas, one square phased array is on top. For example, the aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov, and compare with warships 70-80x. years.

[Horn]

But doesn’t it turn out that all the eggs are in one basket? And one stone can be broken? Not for nothing that duplication was invented ...

[Wolka]

Russian military technologies are increasingly setting the tone in the development of modern weapons, and it is gratifying that the West is in a panic, they don’t have any money or their own developed technologies yet, but there’s no need to deceive themselves either, there are plenty of dirty tricks in the form of sanctions and restrictions on their part. ..

[afdjhbn67]

Quote: Volka

the West is in a panic, they have no money or their own developed technologies yet

Horror ... do you believe it yourself ??)))))

[Samoyed]

Those who are associated with safety systems (nuclear power plants, energy, chemistry, etc.) know about separation of protections and diversification of protective equipment. All this gives safety reliability in a wide range of impacts. I am sure that shipbuilders understand safety and do not put all their eggs in one basket.

[Pvi1206]

To increase resilience, all military systems are duplicated. Therefore, in any case, one antenna will not be enough.

[Dwightdict]

Greetings, without jokes, tell me where you can find a hotel for an hour, a sauna in Krasnodar is also relevant.

[Dwightdict]

Greetings, without jokes, tell me where you can find a hotel for an hour, a sauna in Krasnodar is also relevant.

[Dwightdict]

Greetings, without jokes, tell me where you can find a hotel for an hour, a sauna in Krasnodar is also relevant.