1923 year remembered Germany as the year of crises. This was due to apathy due to defeat in the war, a crisis in the economy and a terrible level of inflation. As a result, a wave of demonstrations and strikes swept across the country. The situation got worse after the French occupied the Ruhr. It was then that in Germany, the party led by Adolf Hitler entered into an agreement with the Conservatives, leading in Bavaria, and prepared to speak out against the government of Berlin. Hitler had his own example, inspiring him and which he wanted to repeat: it was Mussolini’s invasion of Rome. However, the goals of the two allies were different: the conservatives wanted to restore everything as it was in the country, while Hitler wanted a single strong Reich. The head of the Conservatives decided to impose a state of emergency in Bavaria. After that, he stopped executing orders coming from Berlin, including: he refused to disband the troops belonging to Hitler, and refused to close his newspaper. But later, the Bavarian leaders began to hesitate, seeing the clear position of Berlin, and told Hitler that they would not revolt in the near future. At this point, Hitler decided to act on their own.October 8 1923 is marked as the beginning of the "beer putsch". He started in the evening, in the bar “Burgerbroekeller”, where there were selected Bavarians, Hitler, Hess and some others. After a half-hour speech by Gustav von Cara, the leader of the right in Bavaria, Hitler suddenly stepped onto the stage and fired at the ceiling in order to calm the crowd. Then he announced that the revolution had begun: the government of Bavaria had been overthrown, and he would be engaged in the formation of the new. Reluctantly agreeing, von Kar and a few more people went to discuss all this with Hitler into the next room. At this time around the building was already 600 people, with machine guns. Several leaders and participants of the First World Calm the crowd.
Hitler was forbidden to leave the room without his knowledge and said that he was forming a new government, where he would be the head. Most agreed to be in this new government, but then they ran away from the bar and immediately repudiated their words. Meanwhile, the people of Hitler had already captured the Bavarian War Department. By his order members of the city council of Munich were taken hostage. However, the rebels could not find many important objects of strategic importance, such as the telegraph and the telephone, from which it was reported to Berlin about the rebellion.The next morning, the government of Bavaria convened troops from local cities and began to suppress a riot. Hitler and his ally, Ludendorff believed that they would not open fire, moreover, Ludendorff thought that the army on the contrary will go to their side, because he was the hero of the first world. Together they began to march through the city at 12 hours of the day. In addition to the already well-known two, there were Goering, Max Erwin and other members of the Nazi Party. At first, everything went well, even managed to crush the resistance of the police with the help of the local population. Then the problems started. Such as the large numbers of police who opened fire to kill, seeing in the crowd marching a threat. From the march, 14 people were killed. The police also killed 4. Hitler was alive and well, while many of his comrades were injured.
When it was over, some supporters of Hitler managed to escape to Austria. Hitler himself and several of his comrades-in-arms were arrested the very next day, and they were also accused of treason against the state. The trial lasted almost a month. In this, Hitler found a plus: he used open court as an opportunity to attract the attention of the public and the press. He was able to make a lucky victory out of an unsuccessful metyazh. Thanks to his eloquence and belief in nationalism, Hitler managed to make an impression. The verdict was rather mild: the instigators of the rebellion, like Hitler, received 5 years in prison. And Ludendorff was even acquitted.But even such a sentence society considered too harsh. It also failed to deport Hitler to his native Austria. Therefore, he served his sentence in a fortress in Bavaria, in a separate cell. It was in this place that he received many visitors and began the book "Mein Kampf". However, after 9 months, Hitler was released and began to fight the regime already at large. Already later, Hitler, leading the country, gave the order to build a pantheon in honor of his comrades who died during the 1923 insurgency. Every year in Germany, the events of the “beer putsch” were commemorated with memorable processions, and, as a token of memory, a postage stamp began to be issued in honor of the dead rebels. Today, only stelae have remained from the monument, to which veterans of the Nazi Party have come.